International Biathlon Union
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| Sport | Biathlon |
|---|---|
| Jurisdiction |  International |
| Founded | 2 July 1993 |
| Headquarters | Anif b. Salzburg, Austria |
| President | Olle Dahlin |
| Official website | |
| www | |
The International Biathlon Union (IBU; Template:Lang-de) is the international governing body of biathlon. Its headquarters were in Salzburg, Austria, until May 2020, when the Federation moved to Anif, in the outskirts of the city.[1]
History
The International Biathlon Union (IBU) was founded in London on 2 July 1993. This occurred when the National Biathlon Union in London/Heathrow decided to exclude biathlon from the World federation UIPMB (Union de Pentathlon Moderne et Biathlon), which it had been part of since 1953,[2] forcing biathlon to form their own international federation. During the congress the new federation elected their executive committee and the 57 existing members of the UIPMB were automatically transferred to the IBU. However the International Olympic Committee (IOC) did not recognise the IBU as an international Olympic winter sport federation until August 1998. In the same year the Global Association of International Sports Federations (GAISF) declared the IBU as a proper member.
The IBU settled in Salzburg, Austria in June 1999.
A congress is held every two years, and is considered the most important organ of the IBU according to its constitution. The first congress was held in Salzburg in 1994, then in Östersund, Sweden in 1996, Salzburg, Austria in 1998, Calgary, Canada in 2000, Nice, France in 2002, and the 2004 congress was held in Varna, Bulgaria. The first extensive board meeting took place in August 1993 in Darmstadt, Germany. Since then over 50 board meetings have been held.
Since the foundation of the IBU, seven World Championships for men and women have been held, as well as ten junior World Championships. There have also been two youth World Championships held (the first being held in 2002). There have been 84 World Cups, and the European Championships have been conducted for both senior and junior athletes since the 1994/95 season.
The first summer biathlon World Championships took place in Hochfilzen, Austria in 1996. During the 1999/2000 season the IBU assumed the management of archery biathlon from FITA, and archery biathlon World Cups and World Championships have been held since 2002.
In the first Winter Olympics in which biathlon was included there were three events and up until the 2006 games, four. From 2006 onward there have been five biathlon events. (Relay, Individual, Mass Start, Sprint and Pursuit), and from 2014, six with the inclusion of the Mixed Relay.
Administration
In August 1993 a Secretary-General was appointed, and a secretary for the staff added in 1995. A World Cup coordinator was put in place in the 1997/98 season, in order to keep standards high. This coordinator was promoted to sports director before the start of the 2002/03 season. In April 2001 a communication director position was created to handle the part of communication and media, and for the partner and supplier area. In March 2001 the chairman of the IBU legal committee is responsible for all legal interests, as the legal advisor for the IBU.
In 2018 the IBU underwent a corruption scandal with its President Anders Besseberg and General Secretary Nicole Resch accused of accepting bribes from Russia.[3]
In May 2020, the IBU has moved to a new Headquarters in Anif b. Salzburg, Austria.
Budget
The IBU is a non-profit organization, in the sense that the IBU's income would be spread among the athletes, and especially those who had fared worst with the end of the Soviet Union. The IBU has contracts with the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and APF Marketing Services. There are sponsor advertisements along all the biathlon courses, the most notable ones being Hörmann, Bauhaus, Viessmann, Erdinger, DKB, and BMW, who is the main sponsor. IFS (software solutions) acts as Official Data Partner and Polar (heart rate monitors) as Timing Partner benefitting from visibility in all TV graphics relating to time measurement. Most of the sponsors are German, Scandinavian, and Eastern European, where most of the interest in biathlon is. The IBU keep their administrative expenses at a minimum, and have created a financial reserve, so that if losses in income occur, such as a cancellation of an Olympic Games, the IBU would be able to draw on the reserve to ensure the survival of biathlon.
The biathlon events most people are familiar with are the World Cup events, which is the season for the elite athletes; there is a second class season called the IBU Cup which has existed since the IBU's foundation. The men and women that finish in the top ten in the overall leader board have their travel and accommodation paid for the next season by the IBU.
During the 2002/03 season EUR 2.7 million (US$3.4 million) was made available for bonuses and competition participation, development programmes, bonuses for events, free access of data and result services, and free execution of the accreditation. In the 1994/95 season prize money awarded in World Cup events was 1500DM (2900EUR) for first place, 1000DM (2000EUR) for second place and 500DM (980EUR) for third place. However, due to an increase in sponsorship money, increased attendance, and television audience, prize money for first place is now 9000EUR (US$7000), and over EUR 1.69 million (US$1.3 million) was made available for prize money.
In 1996, as part of the IBU development project, partnership contracts were established with some companies, which supplied free materials and equipment, to the less fortunate member federations. The IBU now has partnership contracts with five companies, and equipment contracts with fifteen. These contracts insure the IBU can supply free, good quality clothing and equipment in large quantities to national federations. And during the 2002/03 season the IBU secured a contract with VW-Sponsoring, so that VW-busses are available to most of the teams taking part in IBU competitions.
Events
- Biathlon at the Winter Olympics
- Biathlon World Championships
- Biathlon World Cup
- Biathlon Junior World Championships
See also
References
- ^ "International Biathlon Union relocates to new headquarters". 4 May 2020.
- ^ "The 11th Annual IBU Congress Opens". Biathlonworld. 4 September 2014. Archived from the original on 13 March 2016. Retrieved 13 March 2016.
- ^ "How Russia bought the International Biathlon Union". Le Monde. Retrieved 30 January 2019.
External links
- Official website (in English)