Regnier Tongrelow
Regnier Tongrelow | |
|---|---|
| Nationality | French or Dutch |
| Occupation | Privateer |
| Years active | 1704-1707 |
| Known for | Attacking the largest ships he could find |
| Piratical career | |
| Base of operations | New England |
| Commands | New York Galley
Sea Flower Swallow |
Regnier Tongrelow[1] (fl. 1704-1707) was a prolific privateer who operated out of New England. He captured a large number of ships over a short career, sending most back to New York, and was known for attacking the largest ships he could find.
History
Thought to be French or Dutch,[2] Tongrelow took advantage of privateering opportunities sparked by Queen Anne's War. He is first recorded privateering in early 1704 when he was wounded while capturing several ships near Curacao, which he sent back to Rhode Island to be condemned. Another prize ship he sent back to New England appeared to locals to be a French privateer and was nearly attacked; the privateer prize crew jumped overboard and swam ashore, leading to suspicions that Tongrelow might have verged into piracy.[3]
Tongrelow's sloop Swallow was reclaimed by its owners late in 1704,[3] so he returned to New York before sailing out again in command of the sloop Sea Flower, which was lost at sea in early 1705. Tongrelow survived and reclaimed much of the loot he'd collected.[3] In September he purchased a 200-ton, 18-gun ship and named it New York Galley, manning it with 120 sailors. Fellow privateers Adrian Claver and Thomas Penniston had meanwhile returned to port with a Spanish prize; Penniston, after repairing his own ship Setty, agreed to sail as Tongrelow's consort. They were joined by Nat Burches, whose small 27-man sloop served as the fleet's tender.[4]
They set out that December alongside Otto Van Tuyl, who had taken command of Claver's ship Castel del Rey; on the way out of New York's harbor Van Tuyl's ship ran aground and was destroyed, killing him, while the others evaded worsening weather and sailed to the Caribbean.[2] Raiding out of Bermuda and Barbados in early 1706, Penniston took several small vessels before he and Tongrelow captured most of a French convoy out of Petit-Goave.[3]
In July 1706 Burches in his tiny vessel attacked a huge 600-ton, 24-gun, 250-man Spanish ship. Thanks to several lucky cannon shots the Spanish ship was forced to retreat and beached itself to escape. Burches told Tongrelow about the encounter, who tried unsuccessfully to find the vulnerable ship. Burches later found it himself and forced the Spaniards to relinquish all their rum and wine.[5] Shortly afterwards, Penniston attacked two ships at once but was forced to retreat. He lost an arm in the fight and the Setty was badly damaged; it foundered and sank with all hands lost before reaching port.[2]
Tongrelow joined with Dutch and Jamaican privateers to attack another convoy in September 1706, again capturing the largest opponent (Monserrat Merchant) himself, which he accompanied back to New York. He departed for another cruise in January 1707 alongside Burches. That April Tongrelow engaged a 36-gun, 160-man French ship off Hispaniola but was forced to retreat to Bonaire after several hours.[6] After repairing his ship he raided off Havana, whose Governor sent two armed sloops in August to capture him; he in turn captured both.[7] The exasperated Governor then assembled a three-ship flotilla to capture Tongrelow, who escaped,[5] though Burches may have been lost in the area when he failed to make a planned rendezvous. Tongrelow's further activities are not recorded; he may have retired, as the New York Galley was soon noted under the command of a Captain Hardy.[3]
See also
- War of Spanish Succession – the European conflict which spilled into the Americas as “Queen Anne’s War.”
References
- ^ His name is spelled a number of ways: Tongerlou, Tongerlows, Tongrelou, Tongrelow, Tonguerlow, Toungrello, Tongrelo, Tongrelow, Tangrelot, et al. His first name is typically spelled Reiner, Renier, Rene, or Regnier.
- ^ a b c Groenendijk, R. L. Van Tuyl and J. N. A. (1996). A Van Tuyl Chronicle: 650 Years in the History of a Dutch-American Family. Decorah IA: Rory Van Tuyl. pp. 128–129. Retrieved 5 November 2017.
- ^ a b c d e Alden, Henry Mills; Allen, Frederick Lewis; Hartman, Lee Foster; Wells, Thomas Bucklin (1895). Harper's (Volume 90 ed.). New York: Harper's Magazine Foundation. pp. 335–339. Retrieved 5 November 2017.
- ^ Weeks, Lyman Horace; Bacon, Edwin Monroe (1911). An Historical Digest of the Provincial Press: Being a Collation of All Items of Personal and Historic Reference Relating to American Affairs Printed in the Newspapers of the Provincial Period Beginning with the Appearance of The Present State of the New-English Affairs, 1689, Publick Occurrences, 1690, and the First Issue of the Boston News-letter, 1704, and Ending with the Close of the Revolution, 1783 ... Massachusetts Series, Volume One. Boston MA: Society for Americana, Incorporated. pp. 62–473. Retrieved 5 November 2017.
- ^ a b Fletcher, R. A. (2013). In The Days Of The Tall Ships. Worcestershire UK: Read Books Ltd. ISBN 9781473383456. Retrieved 5 November 2017.
- ^ Little, Benerson (2005). The Sea Rover's Practice: Pirate Tactics and Techniques, 1630-1730. Washington DC: Potomac Books, Inc. ISBN 9781574889109. Retrieved 5 November 2017.
- ^ Manhattan Company, Bank of the (1915). SHIPS AND SHIPPING OF OLD NEW YORK. New York: Walton Advertising and Printing Company. p. 27. Retrieved 5 November 2017.
