Glossary of cricket terms

This is a general glossary of the terminology used in the sport of cricket. Where words in a sentence are also defined elsewhere in this article, they appear in italics. Certain aspects of cricket terminology are explained in more detail in cricket statistics and the naming of fielding positions is explained at fielding (cricket).

Cricket is known for its rich terminology.^[1]^[2]^[3] Some terms are often thought to be arcane and humorous by those not familiar with the game.^[4]

A

Across the line: A shot which is played with the bat moving lateral to the direction of motion of the ball. Used when the batsman is aiming square or behind square, but requires excellent timing. Considered risky, as mistiming the shot can result in a leading edge, being strangled, or missing the ball entirely and being out bowled or leg before wicket.^{[citation needed]}
Action: See bowling action^[5]
Agricultural shot: A powerful slog shot across the line (resembling a scything motion), played with little technique or footwork, particularly one that damages the pitch with the bat. May result in the ball going to cow corner.^[6]^[7]
Air: A delivery by a spin bowler on a higher trajectory than usual, typically phased as 'giving it some air'. The term flight is a near synonym.^[5] Can be combined with top spin or back spin to deceive the batsman on the length of the delivery, or with off spin or leg spin to give the ball more time to drift.
All out: An innings which has ended due to the batting side running out of wickets. This is usually because ten of the eleven batsmen have been dismissed (in rare cases, one or more may have retired due to injury instead). The term is a slight misnomer, as there is always one batman left not out.^[5]
All-rounder: Traditionally, a player adept at both batting and bowling.^[8] Some recent sources regard a wicket-keeper/batsman as another type of all-rounder, but this usage is not universal.^[5]
Amateur: 1. A cricketer who plays for pleasure, not pay. A non-professional.^[5]; 2. A former official distinction between players of differing social class, important in 18th and 19th century England. Amateurs (also known as gentlemen) were upper class, had usually been to private school and/or Oxbridge, and could claim expenses but not receive any other payment. Professionals (also known as players) were working class, paid wages, and relied on cricket as their primary source of income. Most county cricket teams consisted of a mix of amateurs and professionals; the captain was always an amateur. The annual Gentlemen vs Players match pitched the two classes against each other. The distinction became obsolete in the 20th century and was finally abolished in 1962.^[5]
Analysis: see bowling analysis^[5]
Anchor: A batsman who remains in for a long time, scoring at a moderate strike rate whilst preserving their wicket by avoiding risky shots. A less defensive and more flexible version of a blocker. Top- or middle-order batsmen may adopt an anchor role if the other batsmen experience a batting collapse.^[9]
Appeal: A bowler or fielder asking the umpire to dismiss the batsman, usually by shouting 'howzat' (how's that?). Variations include 'howzee' (how's he?), or simply turning to the umpire and cheering.^[8] The umpire cannot give a batsman out unless the fielding side appeals, even if the criteria for a dismissal have otherwise been met.^[5] Batsmen who are obviously out (e.g. bowled or indisputably caught) will normally walk from the field without waiting for an appeal.
Approach: 1. The motion of the bowler before bowling the ball; also known as the run-up.^[5]; 2. The ground a bowler runs on during their run up; e.g.: "Play was delayed because the bowler's approaches were slippery."^{[citation needed]}
Arm ball: A variation bowled by a finger spinner, which appears to be their stock ball but does not spin. Such a delivery does not turn when bouncing but travels straight on i.e. following the line of the bowler's arm, hence the name. An arm ball might also swing.^[1]
Around the wicket (or round the wicket): A right-handed bowler passing to the right of the non-striker's stumps in his run-up, and vice versa for a left-handed bowler. The opposite of over the wicket.^[10]
The Ashes: The trophy for the England v Australia Test match series.^[5] The Ashes originated as a result of a satirical obituary published in a British newspaper, The Sporting Times, in 1882 after a match at The Oval in which Australia beat England on an English ground for the first time. The obituary stated that English cricket had died, and the body would be cremated and the ashes taken to Australia. The English press dubbed the next English tour to Australia (1882–83) as the quest to regain The Ashes. During that tour a small terracotta urn was presented to England captain Ivo Bligh by a group of Melbourne women. The urn is reputed to contain the ashes of one or two bails.^[5]
Asking rate: The run rate at which the team batting second needs to score to catch the opponents' score in a limited overs game.^[1] Same as 'required run rate'.
Attacking field: A fielding configuration in which more fielders are close in to the pitch so as to take catches more readily, at the risk of allowing more runs to be scored.^[5]
Attacking shot: An aggressive or strong hit by the batsman designed to score runs.^[11]
Average: 1. see batting average; 2. see bowling average
Away swing: see out swing^[11]

B

Back foot: 1. When batting, the foot that is closest to the stumps. For a right-hand batsman's stance, the back foot is the right foot; for a left-hand batsman it is the left foot.^[5]; 2. When bowling, the foot which contacts the ground before the front foot i.e. the back foot is the second contact before the ball is released. Usually the back foot is also the bowling foot, unless the bowler's action is off the wrong foot.^[11]
Back foot contact: The point in a bowling action when the back foot lands on the ground, just before release of the ball.
Back foot shot: A shot played with the batsman's weight on their back foot.^[8] Most commonly used when aiming behind square.
Back spin: (Also under-spin.) A delivery with a backward spin, so that after pitching the ball immediately slows down, or bounces lower and skids on to the batsman.^[8]
Backing up: 1. The non-striking batsman leaving their crease during the bowlering action, before the ball is released. This shortens the distance the batsman will need to cover to score a run, if the striker completes a shot. Backing up too far or too early risks a run out, either by one of the fielders, or by the bowler in a mankad.^[11]; 2. A fielder placing themselves on the far side of the wicket from a team-mate who is throwing the ball at the stumps to attempt a run out. The fielder who is backing up can then recover the ball if the throw misses the stumps, thereby preventing over throws.^[11]
Backlift: Lifting the bat in preparation to hitting the ball.^[11]
Badger: A particularly enthusiastic cricketer, someone with an extreme love of the game.^[12]
bad light: In a match played during the day, "bad light" refers to the umpires taking the players from the field because the ambient light has dimmed to the point that the ball has become difficult to see. Done for both fairness and the safety of the batsmen.^[13] Often shortened simply to light. See also offer the light.
Baggy green: A cricket cap of myrtle green colour, which has been worn by Australian Test cricketers since around 1900. The cap is a symbol of Australian cricket, and the term is strongly associated with national cricketing pride.
Bail: One of the two small pieces of wood that lie on top of the stumps to form the wicket.^[2]
Ball: 1. The spherical object which the bowler propels towards the batsman, who may attempt to hit it with the bat. Constructed of leather stiched around a cork core. A red ball is used in timed matches (or a pink ball for day/night cricket), whilst a white ball is used in limited overs cricket.; 2. A single delivery. Each over contains six (legal) balls.^[1]
Ball tampering: Illegally modifying the condition of the ball, usually by a fielder to facilitate swing bowling. Ball tampering is a form of cheating, so accusations are often controversial.
Bang (It) In: To bowl a delivery on a shorter length with additional speed and force. The bowler is said to be "bending his back" when banging it in.
Bat: The wooden implement which the batsman uses to hit the ball. Usually constructed in two pieces, the rectangular-sectioned blade and cylindrical handle, which are joined at the splice.^[11]
Bat-pad: A fielder placed close to the batsman on the leg side to catch the ball if it hits the bat and pad (in either order), and rises to a catchable height. Also a defence against being given out lbw, that the ball may have hit the bat first, however indiscernible.^[1]
Batsman: (also batter, bat, or batswoman)
A player on the batting side, or a player whose speciality is batting,^[1] or one of the two members of the batting side who are currently at the crease. The Laws of Cricket specify that the term 'batsman' applies regardless of the player's gender; however some players and commentators in women's cricket prefer to use 'batter' or 'batswoman' instead.^[14]
Batting: The act and skill of defending one's wicket and scoring runs.^[1]
Batting average: The average number of runs scored per innings by a batsman, calculated by dividing the batsman's total runs scored by the number of times the batsman was out.^[11]
Batting collapse: When several batsmen are dismissed in rapid succession for very few runs. The terms top order collapse or middle order collapse may refer to batting collapses in a specific part of the batting order.
Batting for a draw: Defensive batting in a timed match by a team with little chance of victory, who are instead attempting to salvage a draw. The batsmen seek to survive as many balls as possible before losing their wicket, without attempting to score many runs and avoiding aggressive shots. Sometimes regarded as boring to watch, and sometimes as producing tense finishes.^[15]^[16]
Batting order: The order in which the batsmen bat, from the openers, through the top order and middle order to the lower order.^[11]
Beach cricket: An informal form of the game played on beaches, particularly in Australia, New Zealand, Sri Lanka and cricket-playing Caribbean countries.^[17]
Beamer: A delivery that reaches the batsman above waist height without bouncing. This is illegal and an automatic no-ball.^[1] Further sanctions are applied to repeat offences, though the exact rules have changed several times. Since 2019, if the umpire believes that the beamer was dangerous and risked injury to the batsman, they issue a first and final warning to the bowler; a second dangerous delivery results in the bowler being banned from bowling for the remainder of that innings.^[18]
Beat the bat: When a batsman narrowly avoids touching the ball with the edge of his bat, through good fortune rather than skill. Considered a moral victory for the bowler. The batsman is said to have been beaten. In some cases, this may be expanded to "beaten all ends up".^[19]
Beehive: A diagram showing where a number of balls, usually from a particular bowler, have passed the batsman.^[20] Compare pitch map.
Belter: A belter of a pitch is a pitch offering advantage to the batsman.^[1]
Bend the back: Of a pace bowler, to put in extra effort to extract extra speed or bounce.^[1]
Benefit season: A series of fundraising events to reward a long-serving player, typically those who have played over a decade for a single county cricket team, shortly before the player retires. Similar in concept to testimonial matches played in other sports.
Best bowling: The bowling analysis with the most wickets taken in an innings; the fewest runs conceded are used as a tie-breaker. This can be used to compare different bowlers within a single match, or to highlight the best performance by an individual over an extended period, such as a season or their whole career. The equivalent for batsmen is the high score.
Biffer: slang term for an attacking batsman. A biffer is the opposite of a blocker, being a defending player. In earlier times (particularly pre-World War II) cricketers were either amateur (Gentlemen) or professional (Players). Typically, but not universally, amateurs would be "biffers" and professionals "blockers". The word derives from the slightly archaic transitive verb, "biff" which means "hit". Today, biffers tend to be known as big hitters.
Bite: the turn a spin bowler is able to produce on a pitch.^[3]
Block: 1. A defensive shot, or the act of playing such a shot;^[19]; 2. The area of the field containing the pitch and any other pitches (being prepared for other games)
Blocker: slang term for a defensive or slow-scoring batsman, the opposite of biffer. In earlier times (particularly pre-World War II) cricketers were either professional or amateur. Typically, but not universally, amateurs would be "biffers" and professionals "blockers". The word derives from the natural tendency of such batsmen to "block" each delivery, rather than try to score runs. Such players tend to have low strike rates, but in many cases high averages due to their lack of aggressive shots giving bowlers less chances to dismiss them. They are typically less effective in limited overs cricket where quick scoring is often needed, though some are able to adapt their game to score quicker in the shorter formats of the game.
Block hole: the area between where the batsman rests his bat to receive a delivery and his toes. It is the target area for a yorker.^[19]
Blob: See duck
Bodyline: a tactic (now suppressed by law changes restricting fielders on the leg side) involving bowling directly at the batsman's body, particularly with close fielders packed on the leg side. Bodyline was a common tactic in the contentious 1932–33 Ashes Tour. The tactic is often called "fast leg theory" in other contexts.^[1]
Boot Hill: Another term for short leg, the least liked and most dangerous of the fielding positions. The term is derived from this potential for getting hit by the ball, being a reference to the Boot Hills of the American West, graveyards for those who "died with their boots on". Due to its unpopularity the position has traditionally been taken by the junior professional, although this is no longer necessarily the case. According to former England fielding coach Richard Halsall, a good short leg has to be physically brave, an outstanding catcher, and preferably a good reader of the batsman, and is indeed normally a batsman themselves.^[21]^[22]
Bosie or Bosey: See googly^[1]
Bottom hand: The hand of the batsman that is closest to the blade of the bat. Shots played with the bottom hand often are hit in the air.^[19]
Bouncer: a fast short pitched delivery that rises up near the batsman's head.^[1]^[3]
Boundary: 1. the perimeter of the ground;^[19]; 2. four runs. Also used to mention a four and a six collectively;^[19]; 3. the rope that demarcates the perimeter of the ground.^[2]
Bowled: a mode of a batsman's dismissal. Occurs when a delivery hits the stumps and removes the bails.^[23]
Bowled around his legs: for a batsman to be dismissed bowled by a delivery which passes him on the leg side of his body or legs.
Bowled out: 1. see all out.; 2. Sometimes incorrectly used in place of bowled.
Bowler: 1. The player who is currently bowling.; 2. A player who specialises in bowling.
Bowling: the act of delivering the cricket ball to the batsman.^[19]
Bowl-out: A method for breaking a tie which was used in some limited overs matches in the late 20th and early 21st centuries; most competitions have replaced it with the super over. Five players from each team bowled at an undefended wicket, with the team with the most hits winning. Sudden death was used if the number was equal. The concept was analogous to the penalty shootout used in other sports.^[24]
Bowling action or action: The set of movements a bowler goes through in a delivery.^[5]
Bowling analysis or bowling figures: A statistical summary of a bowler's performance. Two formats are common: either the numbers of overs–maidens–runs conceded–wickets, or the shorter numbers of wickets/runs e.g. 12-2-46-3 or 3/46, pronounced 'three for forty-six'.^[19]
Bowling at the death: See death overs^[1]
Bowling average: The number of runs conceded by a bowler, divided by the number of wickets they have taken. One of several statistics used to compare the performances of bowlers over extended periods; lower is better.^[5]
Box: a protective item shaped like a half-shell and inserted into the front pouch of a jockstrap with cup pocket worn underneath a player's (particularly a batsman's) trousers to protect his or her genitalia from the hard cricket ball. Also known as an abdominal protector, Hector protector, ball box, protector, athletic cup, protective cup or cup.^[19]
Brace: two wickets taken off two consecutive deliveries.
Break: a suffix denoting the ball changing direction after pitching caused by the bowler's spin or cut. For example, a leg spinner will deliver leg breaks (moving from leg to off).^[8]
Buffet bowling: see cafeteria bowling.
Bump ball: A ball played off the bat immediately into the ground and then caught by a fielder. Often this has the appearance of being a clean catch directly off the bat.^[1]
Bumper: old-fashioned name for a bouncer.^[1]
Bunny: see rabbit.^[1]
Bunsen: A pitch on which spin bowlers can turn the ball prodigiously. From the rhyming slang: 'Bunsen Burner' meaning 'Turner'.^[1]
Bye: extras scored in the same way as normal runs when the ball does not make contact with any part of the batsman (bat, protective gear, body parts).^[1]

C

Cafeteria bowling: Mediocre bowling, to which the batsman can help himself in the manner of a self-service cafeteria. Also called Buffet bowling, and may be deployed for the purposes of Declaration bowling.
Call: 1. A shouted announcement by a fielder while the ball is in the air, usually the word "mine", indicating that they are about to attempt a catch. Considered good practice, as it prevents two fielders colliding if both attempt to take the same catch.; 2. A shouted instruction from a batsman to their partner, indicating whether to attempt a run. Only one batsman makes a call, to avoid confusion that could lead to a run out. Responsibility for making the call is held by whichever batsman has the better view of the ball and can see whether any fielders are close to it. This is most often the striker for a shot in front of square, and the non-striker for a shot behind square. Possible calls include yes, no, wait, push, one, two or three.
Cameo: A brief but quick-scoring innings e.g. "He played a little cameo of an innings".^[25]
Cap: 1. A type of soft hat traditionally worn by fielders.; 2. An appearance for a national team.
Captain or skipper: The player who has been appointed leader of their team. The captain decides which bowler will deliver each over, the placement of the fielders, the batting order, when to use the decision review system, whether and when to declare, and many other aspects of the game. The captain's tactical abilities can have a major impact on the outcome of a match. The captain often has substantial responsibilities between games as well, such as in team selection or representing the team in the media.
Carrom ball: a style of slow bowling delivery in which the ball is released by flicking the ball between the thumb and a bent middle finger in order to impart spin
Carry: if a hit ball is caught by a fielder on the fly, it is said to have carried. If it bounces just short of the fielder, it is said not to have carried.^[26] The carry of a delivery to the wicket keeper is also noted as a measure of the quality of the pitch.
Carry the bat: an opener who is not out at the end of a completed innings is said to have carried his bat.^[1]
Cart-wheeling stump: when a ball hits a stump with enough force to cause it to flip end-over-end before landing.
Castled: out bowled often by a full length ball or a Yorker.
Catch: A fielder gaining complete control of the ball, in one or both hands, before it touches the ground. The wicketkeeper may use gloves, but no fielder may use any other equipment or clothing to take the catch. A fair catch may lead to the batsman being caught.
Caught: a method of dismissal in which one of the fielders, including the bowler, catches the ball before it touches the ground after the batsman hits it (with either the bat or a glove that is in contact with the bat).^[27] This is the most common method of getting a batsman out in professional cricket.
Caught and bowled: When a player is dismissed by a catch taken by the bowler. The term originates from the way such dismissals are recorded on a scorecard (c & b); the alternative "bowled and caught", referring to the sequence of events in the chronological order, is almost never used.
Caught behind: Caught by the wicket-keeper.
Centurion: A player who has scored a century.
Century: 1. A score of at least 100 runs by a single batsman; considered a substantial personal achievement.^[26]; 2. (rare) An ironic term for a bowler who has conceded over 100 runs in an innings.^[26]
Charge: When the batsman uses his feet and comes out of his batting crease towards the bowler, trying to hit the ball. Also known as giving the bowler the charge,^[1] or stepping down the wicket.
Check upstairs: When the umpires on the ground consult with the third umpire, either to help them in taking a decision or because one of the teams invoked the DRS.
Cherry: Another name for the ball, typically Australian. Alternatively can refer to the red mark made by the ball on bat.
Chest on (also front on or square on): 1. A chest on bowler has chest and hips aligned towards the batsman at the instant of back foot contact.^[1]; 2. A batsman is said to be chest on if his hips and shoulders face the bowler.^[1]
Chin music: The use of a series of bouncers from pace bowlers to intimidate a batsman. Term taken from baseball.^[1]
Chinaman: see left-arm unorthodox spin
Chinese cut: see French Cut
Chop on: to be bowled by the ball deflecting off the inside or bottom edge of the bat and onto the stumps while playing a shot
Chuck: of a bowler, to throw the ball by bending the elbow instead of bowling it with a straight arm; also chucker: a bowler who chucks; and chucking: such an illegal bowling action. All are considered offensive terms as they imply cheating.^[1]
Circle: a painted circle (or ellipse), centred in the middle of the pitch, of radius 30-yard (27 m) marked on the field. The circle separates the infield from the outfield, used in policing the fielding regulations in certain one-day versions of the game. The exact nature of the restrictions vary depending on the type of game: see limited overs cricket, Twenty20 and powerplay (cricket).
Clean bowled: bowled, without the ball first hitting the bat or pad.^[2]
Club: 1. A group of cricketers, from which one or more teams are formed.; 2. To strike the ball gracelessly, but with force. A weaker form of slog.
Collapse: A phrase used to indicate failure of batting team often used when batsman get out in a bunch quickly without scoring many runs.
Come to the crease: A phrase used to indicate a batsman walking onto the playing arena and arriving at the cricket pitch in the middle of the ground to begin batting.
Competitive Women's Cricket: The official designation given to the female equivalents to First-class, List A and T20 cricket.^[28]
Conventional Swing: a swing bowler aligns the seam and the sides of the ball to reinforce the swing effect.
Contrived circumstances: Unusual tactics which are intended to achieve a legitimate outcome, but result in wild statistical abnormalities; for example, deliberately bowling extremely poorly to encourage a quick declaration. Wisden excludes records set in contrived circumstances from its official lists.^[29]
Cordon (or slips cordon): all players fielding in the slips at any time are collectively referred to the slips cordon.
Corridor of uncertainty: a good line. The corridor of uncertainty is a notional narrow area on and just outside a batsman's off stump. If a delivery is in the corridor, it is difficult for a batsman to decide whether to leave the ball, play defensively or play an attacking shot. The term was popularised by former England batsman, now commentator, Geoffrey Boycott.^[1]
County cricket: the highest level of domestic cricket in England and Wales.^[30]
Covers: 1. A fielding position between point and mid-off.^[30]; 2. The equipment used to protect the pitch from rain.^[30]
Cow corner: the area of the field (roughly) between deep mid-wicket and wide long-on. So called because few 'legitimate' shots are aimed to this part of the field, so fielders are rarely placed there – leading to the concept that cows could happily graze in that area.^[1]
Cow shot: a hard shot, usually in the air, across the line of a full-pitched ball, aiming to hit the ball over the boundary at cow corner, with very little regard to proper technique. A type of slog.^[1]
Crease: one of several lines on the pitch near the stumps (the "popping crease", the "return crease" and the "bowling crease") most often referring to the popping crease.^[2]
Cricketer: a person who plays cricket.^[31]
Cross-bat shot: a shot played with the bat parallel with the ground, such as a cut or a pull. Also known as a horizontal-bat shot.^[1]
Cut: a shot played square on the off side to a short-pitched delivery wide of off stump. So called because the batsman makes a "cutting" motion as he plays the shot.^[30]
Cutter: a break delivery bowled by a fast or medium-pace bowler with similar action to a spin bowler, but at a faster pace. It is usually used in an effort to surprise the batsman, although some medium-pace bowlers use the cutter as their stock (main) delivery.^[8]

D

Daddy hundred: an individual score substantially in excess of one hundred, often defined as being over one hundred and fifty.
Daisy cutter: When a ball rolls along the pitch or bounces more than 2 times
Dancing (down the pitch): when a batsman approaches the bowler during the delivery, usually skipping once or twice down the wicket, to leverage momentum in hitting the ball toward the boundary; see 'charge.'
Day/night cricket: a cricket match scheduled to begin during day time and end after sunset, using floodlights. Used in some one day internationals since 1979, and Test matches since 2015.
Dead ball: 1. the state of play between deliveries, during which batsmen may not score runs or be given out.^[1] There are numerous situations where play becomes dead, see dead ball.; 2. a signal given by the umpire to indicate a state of dead ball. Used only if the state is not obvious to the players.
Dead bat: A defensive shot with the bat held in a loose grip and/or angled towards the ground. If the ball strikes the bat it loses momentum and falls quickly to the ground. Used to reduce the chance of being caught off an edge.^[32]^[5]
Dead rubber: A match played in a series after one side has gained an unassailable lead, e.g. has already won 3 matches in a 5-match series, or in a tournament if both teams have already qualified (or failed to qualify) for the subsequent rounds. The term is used disparagingly to imply that the match is of lesser importance, but some regard the concept as outdated.^[33]
Death bowler: a bowler who regularly bowls during the death overs of a limited overs match. Bowlers are also described as "bowling at the death". The practice or skill of "death bowling" is used to refer to deliveries in these overs that are particularly difficult to score quickly from, such as Yorkers (See Yorker), and bowlers who are particularly adept at bowling them^[34]
Death overs (also slog overs): the final overs of a limited overs match, in which a batting side with wickets in hand can bat aggressively, and in which bowlers are, usually, hit for lots of runs.
Death rattle: the symbolic sound of a batsman's wicket being broken when he is bowled.
Debenture: a financial instrument used by some cricket clubs to raise funding. Typically, investors loan money to the club in return for guaranteed free (or reduced price) match tickets.
Decision review system (DRS): see Umpire Decision Review System.
Declaration: the act of a captain voluntarily bringing his side's innings to a close, in the belief that their score is now great enough to prevent defeat. Occurs almost exclusively in timed forms of cricket where a draw is a possible result (such as first-class cricket), in order that the side declaring have enough time to bowl the opposition out and therefore win.^[1]
Declaration bowling: deliberately poor bowling (Full tosses and Long hops) from the fielding team to allow the batsmen to score runs quickly and encourage the opposing captain to declare, thereby giving both teams a chance of winning in a timed match which would otherwise have been drawn. Non-specialist bowlers will often be used in this context, to preserve dignity (and the bowling averages) of the specialist bowlers. This may be seen in domestic first-class cricket, where the points systems used often show little penalty between a draw and a loss; but it would seldom be seen in Test cricket where the consequence of a loss in the context of a series is greater. Cf. Cafeteria bowling.
Defensive field: A fielding configuration in which fielders are spread around the field so as to more readily stop hit balls and reduce the number of runs (particularly boundaries) being scored by batsmen, at the cost of fewer opportunities to take catches and dismiss batsmen.
Delivery: the act of bowling the ball.^[8]
Devil's number (also Dreaded number): a score of 87, regarded as unlucky in Australian cricket. According to Australian superstition, batsmen have a tendency to be dismissed for 87. The superstition is thought to originate from the fact that 87 is 13 runs short of a century. The English term Nelson similarly refers to a superstition concerning a number traditionally regarded as unlucky.
Diamond duck: regional usage varies, but either a dismissal (usually run out) without facing a delivery,^[35] or a dismissal (for zero) off the first ball of a team's innings (the less common term platinum duck is used interchangeably).
Dibbly dobbly (also dibbly dobbler): 1. a medium pace delivery, neither fast nor slow, with no special variation.; 2. a bowler who uses this type of delivery as their stock ball.; 3. a delivery that is easy to hit, but difficult to score quickly from.^[1]
Dilscoop: A stroke where a batsman goes on one knee and hits a good length or slightly short of length ball straight over the wicket keeper's head usually to the boundary or over it. Displayed at the world stage by Sri Lankan batsman Tillakaratne Dilshan during the ICC World Twenty20 in June 2009 and named after him.
Dink: a gentle shot.
Dinner: the second of the two intervals taken during a full day's play during a day/night test.
Dipper: a delivery bowled which curves into or away from the batsman before pitching.
Dismissal: to get one of the batsmen out so that he must cease batting.
Direct hit: a throw from a fieldsman that directly strikes and puts down a wicket (without first being caught by a fieldsman standing at the stumps). Occurs when attempting a run out.
D/L or DLS: see Duckworth-Lewis method
Dobbing: a synonym for Mankad, used in Lancashire and neighbouring counties
Doctored pitch: a cricket pitch which has been intentionally prepared in an unusual manner to gain a competitive advantage for the home team, such as by creating a surface that favours the home team's strike bowler, or that exacerbates weaknesses in the visiting team's batting. The practice is common and (within reason) legal, but the term is used pejoratively.^[36]
Dolly: a very easy catch.^[1]
Donkey drop: A ball with a very high trajectory prior to bouncing.^[8]
Doosra: a relatively new off spin delivery developed by Saqlain Mushtaq; the finger spin equivalent of the googly, in that it turns the "wrong way". From the Hindi or Urdu for second or other. First coined by Pakistani wicket keeper Moin Khan.^[1]
Dorothy Dix: a rhyming slang term for six, usually shortened just to Dorothy.
Dot ball: a delivery bowled without any runs scored off it, so called because it is recorded in the score book with a single dot.
Double: normally the scoring of a 1000 runs and the taking of 100 wickets in the same season.
Down the pitch (also Down the wicket): referring to the motion of a batsman towards the bowler prior to or during the delivery, made in the hope of turning a good length ball into a half-volley.
Drag: before the current "front foot rule" was introduced, bowlers had to release the ball with the rear foot behind the bowling crease; there were instances of bowlers (especially Gordon Rorke) managing to "drag" the rear foot forward before release and not being no-balled.
Draw: 1. a result in timed matches where the team batting last are not all out, but fail to exceed their opponent's total. Not to be confused with a tie, in which the side batting last is all out or run out of overs with the scores level.; 2. an antiquated stroke that has fallen into disuse, it was originally a deliberate shot that resembled the French cut – the ball being played between one's own legs.^[10]
Draw stumps: Declare the game, or a day's play, over; a reference to withdrawing the stumps from the ground by the umpire.
Drift: the slight lateral curved-path movement that a spinner extracts while the ball is in flight. Considered very good bowling.^[1]
Drinks: a short break in play, generally taken in the middle of a session, when refreshments are brought out to the players and umpires by the twelfth men of each side. Drinks breaks do not always take place, but they are usual in test matches, particularly in hot countries.
Drinks waiter: a jocular term for the twelfth man, referring to his job of bringing out drinks.
Drive: a powerful shot generally hit along the ground or sometimes in the air in a direction between cover point on the off side and mid-wicket on the leg side, or in an arc between roughly thirty degrees each side of the direction along the pitch.
Drop: 1. the accidental "dropping" of a ball that was initially caught by a fielder, thus denying the dismissal of the batsman; when such an event occurs, the batsman is said to have been "dropped".; 2. the number of dismissals which occur in a team's innings before a given batsman goes in to bat; a batsman batting at 'first drop' is batting at number three in the batting order, going in after one wicket has fallen.; 3. the act of excluding a player from selection in a squad even when he or she was included in the most recent prior selection.
Dropper: alternate term for a lob ball, seen in Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's short work The story of Spedegue's Dropper. See also Lob bowling.
Drop-in pitch: a temporary pitch that is cultivated off-site from the field which also allows other sports to share the use of the field with less chance of injury to the players.
DRS: common abbreviation for the Umpire Decision Review System.
Duck: a batsman's score of nought (zero) dismissed, as in "he was out for a duck." It can refer to a score of nought not out during an innings, as in "she hasn't got off her duck yet", but never refers to a completed innings score of nought not out. Originally called a "duck's egg" because of the "0" shape in the scorebook.^[1]^[3] ( see Golden, Diamond, and Platinum duck )
Duck under delivery: a short pitched delivery that appears to be a bouncer, making the striker duck to avoid from being hit; but instead of bouncing high, it has a low bounce which causes the batsman to be dismissed LBW, or occasionally bowled.
Duckworth-Lewis method (or Duckworth-Lewis-Stern method, DLS): a mathematical rain rule, which determines the winner or target score if a limited overs match cannot be completed e.g. due to poor weather. Used in all international matches and most domestic leagues.^[1]
Dugout: a sheltered place just outside the boundary ropes where players sit. Dugouts are a common feature of Twenty20 matches, but pavilions are usually used for any longer forms of the game.

E

Eagle-Eye: A ball-tracking system, equivalent to Hawk-Eye, produced by a rival company.^[37]
Economical: a bowler who concedes very few runs from his over(s), i.e. has a low economy rate. The opposite of expensive.
Economy rate: the average number of runs scored per over in the bowler's spell.^[1]
Edge (or snick or nick): a slight deviation of the ball off the edge of the bat. Top, bottom, inside and outside edges denote the four edges of the bat. The notional four edges are due to the bat being either vertical (inside/outside edge), or horizontal (top/bottom edge). See also leading edge.^[38]
Eleven: another name for one cricket team, which is made of eleven players.^[38]
End: An area of the ground directly behind one of the stumps, used to designate what end a bowler is bowling from (e.g. the pavilion end).^[38] The bowlers take turns delivering alternating overs from the two ends of the pitch.
End of an innings
Expensive: a bowler who concedes a large number of runs from his over(s), i.e. has a high economy rate.^[38] The opposite of economical.
Express pace: Fast bowling at speeds above 150 km/h ^[39]
Extra (also sundry) (England, Australia): a run not attributed to any batsman; there are five types: byes, leg byes, penalties, wides and no-balls. The first three types are called 'fielding' extras (i.e. the fielders are determined to be at fault for their being conceded) and the last two are called 'bowling' extras (the bowler being considered to be at fault for their being conceded) which are included in the runs conceded by the bowler.^[1]

F

Fall: a verb used to indicate the dismissal of a batsman, e.g "The fourth wicket fell for the addition of only three runs".
Fall of wicket: the batting team's score at which a batsman gets out. Often abbreviated to "FOW" in scorecards.^[38]
Farm the strike (also shepherd the strike or farm the bowling): of a batsman, contrive to receive the majority of the balls bowled,^[38] usually because he is the more skilled of the two batsmen in facing the bowling style of the bowler. This usually results in the batsman contriving to make an even number of runs (for example, by waiting until certain of hitting a 4 or 6, or by running only 2 when they could have run 3) so that he will again face the bowler. For the same reason, he will try to score a single from the last ball of the over, whereas his weaker partner would not attempt to score from it.
Fast bowling: a style of bowling in which the ball is delivered at high speeds, typically over 90 mph (145 km/h). Fast bowlers also use swing.^[38]
Fast leg theory: A variant of leg theory in which balls are bowled at high speed, aimed at the batsman's body. See Bodyline.
Feather: a faint edge.^[3]
Featherbed: A soft, slow pitch of predictable bounce. Such pitches are considered to be good for batting on, offering little, if any, help for a bowler.^[1]
-fer: a suffix to any number, meaning the number of wickets taken by a team or bowler. (See also fifer/five-fer)
Ferret: see rabbit.
Fielder (also, more traditionally, fieldsman): a player on the fielding side who is neither the bowler nor the wicket-keeper, in particular one who has just fielded the ball.
Fielding
Fill-up game: when a match finished early a further game was sometimes started to fill in the available time and to entertain the paying spectators.
Find the gap(s): to play a shot or series of shots along the ground, between fielders. The least risky way of scoring runs quickly, but it requires good technique to be able to do consistently.
Fine: of a position on the field behind the batsman, closer to the line of the pitch (wicket-to-wicket); the opposite of square.^[38]
Finger spin: a form of spin bowling in which the ball is made rotate by the action of the bowler's fingers (contrast with wrist spin). For a right-handed bowler this produces off spin, whereas the same technique by a left-handed bowler produces left arm orthodox spin.
First-class cricket: the senior form of the game; usually county, state or international. First-class matches consist of two innings per side and are usually played over three or more days.^[10]
First change: the third bowler used in an innings. As the first bowler to replace either of the opening pair this bowler is the first change that the captain makes to the attack.
First eleven: the best team of (eleven) players at a club, who will be chosen by the selector for the most important or high-profile games. Other players are used if members of the first eleven are unavailable or in less important fixtures. Some large clubs have enough players to operate a hierarchy of teams, in which case the others are known as the second eleven, third eleven etc.
First innings points: In first-class competitions with a league table to determine standings, in addition to points awarded for winning or tieing a match, a team is also awarded points for taking a first innings lead, i.e. scoring more than their opponents in the first innings.
Fishing: being tempted into throwing the bat at a wider delivery outside off-stump and missing, reaching for a wide delivery and missing. See also waft.
Five-wicket haul (also five-for, five-fer, fifer, shortened to 5WI or FWI, or colloquially a Michelle, in honour of the actress Michelle Pfeiffer.): five or more wickets taken by a bowler in an innings, considered a very good performance. The term five-for is an abbreviation of the usual form of writing bowling statistics, e.g., a bowler who takes 5 wickets and concedes 117 runs is said to have figures of "5 for 117" or "5–117". A five-wicket haul is traditionally regarded as a special moment for a bowler, just like a century for a batsman.
Flash: to wield the bat aggressively, often hitting good line and length deliveries indiscriminately.
Flat pitch: a pitch which is advantageous to the batsmen and offers little or no help to the bowlers, due to predictable bounce.
Flat hit: an aerial shot hit with significant power by the batsman which travels fast enough to make the ballistic trajectory of the ball appear flat
Flat throw: a ball thrown by the fielder which is almost parallel to the ground. Considered to be a hallmark of good fielding if the throw is also accurate because flat throws travel at a fast pace.
Flat-track bully: a batsman high in the batting order who is very good only when the pitch is not giving the bowlers much help. 'Track' is Australian slang for the pitch. When the 'track' is said to be 'flat' it is at its easiest for the batsman, but these are the only conditions under which some players can dominate. When conditions are tough, or when it really counts – they don't.
Flick: a gentle movement of the wrist to move the bat, often associated with shots on the leg side.
Flight: a delivery which is thrown up at a more arched trajectory by a spinner. Considered to be good bowling. Also loop.
Flipper: a leg spin delivery with under-spin, so it bounces lower than normal, invented by Clarrie Grimmett.^[1]^[3]
Floater: a delivery bowled by a spinner that travels in a highly arched path appearing to 'float' in the air.^[1]
Fly slip: a position deeper than the conventional slips, between the slips and third man.^[8]
Follow on: a team which bats first in the second innings, after having batted second in the first innings, is said to have followed on. The captain of the team batting first in the first innings may direct the team batting second to follow on if it leads by a certain margin after the first innings; this margin is currently 200 runs in a five-day game, and 150 runs in a three- or four-day game.^[8]
Follow through: a bowler's body actions after the release of the ball to stabilise their body.^[8]
Footmarks: On a grass pitch, the bowler creates a rough patch where he lands his foot and follows through after delivering the ball. The rough patch can become cratered and becomes more abrasive as the match continues and more people step on it. The abrasive surface means that the ball will increasingly grip more if it lands in the footmarks. Bowlers, particularly spinners, will aim the ball there as it will turn more sharply, and is more likely to get irregular bounce from such areas, making it more difficult for the opposition batsmen.
Footwork: the necessary feet movements that a batsman has to take so as to be at a comfortable distance from where the ball has pitched, just right to hit the ball anywhere he desires, negating any spin or swing that a bowler attempts to extract after bouncing.
Forty-Five (on the one): An uncommon fielding position akin to a short third-man, roughly halfway between the pitch and the boundary. Also used for a short backward square leg (at 45° behind square defending a single).
Forward defence: a commonly-employed defensive shot.
Four: a shot that reaches the boundary after touching the ground, which scores four runs to the batting side.
Four wickets (also 4WI): Also four-for four or more wickets taken by a bowler in an innings, considered a good performance. Mostly used in One Day Internationals and it is a rarer feat in T20 Cricket.
Fourth stump: a position or line one stump's width outside the off stump, i.e. where the wicket's fourth stump would be positioned if it existed. Generally refers to the line or pitch of a delivery. A fourth stump line is roughly synonymous with the corridor of uncertainty.^[40]
Free hit: a penalty given in some forms of cricket when a bowler bowls a front foot no-ball. The bowler must bowl another delivery, and the batsman cannot be dismissed by the bowler from that delivery. Between the no-ball and the free hit, the fielders may not change positions (unless the batsmen changed ends on the no-ball).
French cricket: an informal form of the game. The term "playing French Cricket" can mean that a batsman has not moved his feet and looks ungainly because of this.
French Cut (also Chinese Cut, Surrey Cut, or Harrow Drive): terms for any poorly executed shot which results in an inside edge which narrowly misses hitting the stumps.^[26]
Fritz: To be out stumped following a rebound from the wicketkeeper's pads on to the stumps.^{[citation needed]}
Front foot: in a batsman's stance the front foot is the foot that is nearer to the bowler. A bowler's front foot is the last foot to contact the ground before the ball is released.
Front foot contact: is the position of the bowler at the moment when his front foot lands on the ground just prior to delivering the ball.
Front-foot shot: a shot played with the batsman's weight on his front foot (i.e. the foot nearest the bowler).
Fruit Salad: when a bowler delivers a different type of delivery each time, rather than bowling a constant speed, length and angle. Fruit salad bowling is used most commonly in Twenty20 to prevent batsmen from getting comfortable.
(Full) face of the bat: references the front, or flat side, of the bat, particularly where the manufacturer's insignia is written. A batsman is said to have given a bowler or a delivery faced the full face of the bat if he or she has middled the ball and driven it straight down the wicket, such that the bowler clearly sees the manufacturer's insignia.
Full length: a delivery that pitches closer to the batsman than a ball pitching on a good length, but further away than a half-volley.
Full pint: when a stump is knocked completely out of the ground by a delivery.
Full toss (also full bunger): a delivery that reaches the batsman on the full, i.e. without bouncing. Usually considered a bad delivery to bowl as the batsman has a lot of time to see the ball and play an attacking shot. Also, it does not have a chance to change direction off the ground, making it the ultimate crime for a spin or seam bowler.^[1]^[3]
Furniture: another term for the stumps.

G

Gardening: a batsman prodding at the pitch with his bat between deliveries, ostensibly to flatten a bump in the pitch. May be used to inspect features of a deteriorating pitch (e.g. footmarks), or to calm the batsman's nerves. Sometimes considered to be time-wasting.^[1]^[3]
Getting one's eye in: a batsman playing low-risk defensive shots when first in, while they assess the conditions and bowlers, before attempting riskier scoring shots.
Given man: A skilled guest player added to a weak team to produce a more even contest, often borrowed from the opposition. Given men were most frequent in the early history of cricket, such as Gentlemen v Players games, with the goal of making the result less predictable and to encourage betting on the outcome. The term and concept are rarely used today.
Glance: a shot that goes fine on the leg side. Typically played by flicking a ball which is heading for the batsman's hips or thigh.^[10]
Glove: padded hand protection, part of a batsman's kit. The rules consider the glove to be part of the bat whenever the two are in contact, so a player can score runs or be caught if a ball touches the glove (sometimes described as "gloved a catch").
Glovemanship (also glovework): the skills of wicketkeeping, used when either praising or criticising a performance
Golden duck: a dismissal for nought (zero), from the first ball faced in a batsman's innings. ( cf Duck, Diamond duck, Platinum duck )
Golden pair (also King pair): a dismissal for nought (zero) runs off the first ball faced in each of a batsman's two innings of a two-innings match (see this list of Pairs in test and first-class cricket).
Good length: the ideal place for a stock delivery to pitch in its trajectory from the bowler to the batsman. It makes the batsman uncertain whether to play a front-foot or back-foot shot. A good length differs from bowler to bowler, based on the type, height and speed of the bowler. The "good length" is not necessarily the best length to bowl, as a bowler may wish to bowl short or full to exploit a batsman's weaknesses.^[1]
Googly (also wrong'un or bosie): a deceptive spinning delivery by a wrist spin bowler which spins the opposite direction to the stock delivery. For a right-hander bowler and a right-handed batsman, a googly will turn from the off side to the leg side. Developed by Bosanquet around 1900.^[1]^[3]
Gouging: causing intentional damage to the pitch or ball.
Gozza: Out first ball. See Golden duck.^{[citation needed]}
Grafting: batting defensively with strong emphasis on not getting out, often under difficult conditions.
Green top: a pitch with an unusually high amount of visible grass, that might be expected to assist the pace bowlers.
Grip: the rubber casings used on the handle of the bat; alternatively, how the bowler holds the ball and how the batsman holds the bat.
Ground: 1. (noun) A collective term for the pitch, cricket field, pavilion and any associated amenities, such as seating for spectators. Large ground with substantial spectator facilities are sometimes referred to as stadiums.; 2. (verb) Turn and touch the bat onto the ground surface behind the popping crease after the batsman has left the crease in the action of taking a shot or starting a run; to run the bat in the process of completing a run in order to be safe.; 3. (noun) The batsman's safe area on the pitch. The batsman is 'in their ground' when a part of the body (usually the foot) or the bat is touching the surface behind the popping crease. They have 'left their ground' if they have advanced down the pitch in the action of taking a shot or starting a run. The batsman has 'made their ground' if able to ground his/her bat or touch the surface behind the popping crease with a part of the body before a fielder can break the wicket for a run out.
Groundsman (or curator): a person responsible for maintaining the cricket field and preparing the pitch.^[8]
Grubber: a delivery that barely bounces.^[1]
(Taking) guard: the batsman aligning his bat according with a stump (or between stumps) chosen behind him. Typically, the batsman marks the position of the bat on the pitch. The marking(s) give the batter an idea as to where he or she is standing in relation to the stumps.^[8]
Gully: a close fielder near the slip fielders, at an angle to a line between the two sets of stumps of about 100 to 140 degrees.^[8]

H

Hack: a batsman of generally low skill with an excessively aggressive approach to batting, commonly with a preference towards lofted cross bat shots. A poor defensive stance and lack of defensive strokes are also features of a hack. Can also be used for one particular stroke
Half century: an individual score of 50 runs or more, but less than 100 (century). Reasonably significant landmark for a batsman and more so for the lower order and the tail-enders.
Half-tracker: another term for a long hop. So called because the ball roughly bounces halfway down the pitch.
Half-volley: a delivery that bounces just short of the block hole. Usually easy to drive or glance away.^[1]
Handled the ball: occurs when a batsman touches the ball with his/her hands (when they are not gripping the bat) while the ball is still live. No longer a method of dismissal in its own right, but can result in the batsman being given out.
Harrow drive: see French cut
Hat-trick: a bowler taking a wicket off each of three consecutive deliveries that he bowls in a single match (whether in the same over or split up in two consecutive overs, or two overs in two different spells, or even spread across two innings of a test match or first-class cricket game).
Hat-trick ball: a delivery bowled after taking two wickets with the previous two deliveries. The captain will usually set a very attacking field for a hat-trick ball, to maximise the chances of the bowler taking a hat-trick. The bowler is said to be on a hat-trick before he or she delivers the hat-trick ball.
Hawk-Eye (or Eagle-Eye): a computer-generated graphic which tracks the trajectory of a delivery between the bowler and batsman, and shows the probable trajectory of the ball if it were not hindered by the batsman. Used in an official capacity by the third umpire to assess lbw decisions under the decision review system. Commentators use Hawk-Eye as a visual aide to assess bowlers' deliveries, and (in the days before the DRS) to assess lbw decisions.^[1]
Heavy Roller: a very heavy cylinder of metal used by the ground staff, to improve a wicket for batting.
Helicopter shot: a batting shot invented and popularised by M. S. Dhoni, played by flicking the ball through the air on the leg side, often to avoid close fielders and attempt to hit a boundary. Well-timed helicopter shots off of fast deliveries can often result in six runs, sometimes toward the cow corner. Helicopter shots are differentiated from slogs and hoicks in that they are somewhat more refined in that they require timing to come off.
Helmet: Protective headgear worn by batsmen facing pace bowling or fielders located very close to the batsman. Cricket helmets consist of a hard padded hemisphere protecting the brain case, a front brim, and a large metal grill over the face and jaw, with gaps smaller than the diameter of the ball.
High score: the most runs scored by the batsman in a single innings. see also Best bowling
Hip Clip: a trademark shot of Brian Lara involving a flick of the wrist to whip a ball, at hip height, at right angles past the fielder at square leg.^{[citation needed]}
Hit the ball twice: A batsman is out 'hit the ball twice' if having struck the ball once with his person or bat, he strikes the ball a second time with his person or bat (but not a hand not holding the bat). A batsman is not out if the second strike was for the sole purpose of guarding his wicket.^[41] A batsman may not strike the ball a second time to prevent it from being caught (out 'obstructing the field).^[42]
Hit wicket: a batsman getting out by dislodging the bails of the wicket behind him either with his bat or body as he tries to play the ball or set off for a run.^[2]
Hoick: an unrefined shot played to the leg side usually across the line of the ball.
Hold up an end: A batsman who is intentionally restricting his scoring and concentrating on defence while his batting partner scores runs at the other end; or, a bowler who is bowling defensively to restrict runs at his end while his bowling partner tries to take wickets at the other end.
Hole out: To be dismissed by being caught, usually referring to a catch from a lofted shot (or attempt thereof) in the outfield or forward from the wicket, rather than being caught behind by the wicketkeeper, in the slips cordon, or a leg trap fielder from edges or gloved balls.
Hoodoo: a bowler is said to 'have the hoodoo' on a batsman when they have got them out many times in their career. (See rabbit II.)
Hook: a shot, similar to a pull, but played so that the ball is struck when it is above the batsman's shoulder.
Hoop: a particularly large amount of swing.^[43]
Hot Spot: a technology used in television coverage to evaluate snicks and bat-pad catches. The batsman is filmed with an infrared camera, and friction caused by the strike of the ball shows up as a white "hot spot" on the picture.
Howzat or How's that?: See appeal
Humpty: To bat aggressively and unusually quickly. As per Ian Botham batting with Graham Dilley, Headingly in 1981 "you don't intend to hang around on this wicket for a day and a half, come on, let's give it some Humpty". A short while and 149 runs later, and England were en route to a famous if unlikely victory.
Hutch: the pavilion or dressing room, especially one that is home to a large number of rabbits.^{[citation needed]}

I

In: of a batsman, presently batting.
In/out field: a field setting, usually with 5 close fielders and 3 on the boundary, designed to force batsmen into errors by trying to deny the opportunity to score singles while saving easy boundaries.
Incoming batsman: the batsman next to come in in the listed batting order. The incoming batsman is the one who is out when a "timed out" occurs.
Indian spin quartet: collective name for four Indian spin bowlers of the 1960s and 1970s—off spinners Erapalli Prasanna and Srinivas Venkataraghavan, leg spinner Bhagwat Chandrasekhar, and left-arm spinner Bishan Singh Bedi.
Inswing or in-swinger: a delivery that curves into the batsman in the air from off to leg.^[10]
In-cutter: a delivery that moves into the batsman after hitting the surface.
Infield: the region of the field that lies inside the 30-yard circle (27 m) or, in the days before defined circles, the area of the field close to the wicket bounded by an imaginary line through square leg, mid on, mid off and cover point.^[10]
Innings: one player's or one team's turn to bat (or bowl). Unlike in baseball, the cricket term "innings" is both singular and plural.
Inside edge: The edge of the bat facing the batsmen's legs. The ball then generally goes on the stumps, legs or at Forty-Five.
Inside-out: when a batsman opens the chest and plays a ball, usually aggressively and often dancing down the pitch, toward the covers.
It's (just) not cricket: Idomatic expression to mean unsporting, against the spirit of the game. Is also used more generally in Commonwealth English-speaking nations.

J

Jack: a number eleven batsman. From the jack playing card, which ranks immediately after the number ten in each suit.
Jaffa (also corker): an exceptionally well bowled, practically unplayable delivery, usually but not always from a fast bowler.^[1]^[3]
Jayadevan's system: an unsuccessful proposal for a rain rule, as an alternative to the Duckworth-Lewis system. Has never been used in professional cricket.
Jockstrap (also jock strap): underwear for male cricketers, designed to securely hold a cricket box in place when batting or wicket keeping.

K

Keeper (or 'Keeper): short form of Wicket-keeper.
King pair: see Golden pair.
Knock: a batsman's innings. A batsman who makes a high score in an innings can be said to have had a "good knock".
Knuckle ball: A type of delivery where the fast bowler holds the ball on the knuckles of their index and middle finger. A type of slower ball.
Kolpak: an overseas player who plays in English domestic cricket under the Kolpak ruling.^[1]
Kwik cricket: an informal form of the game, specifically designed to introduce children to the sport.

L

Lappa: The Indian version of the hoik. Comes from the English 'lap', an old term for a stroke somewhere between a pull and a sweep.^[10]
Laws: The laws of cricket are a set of rules established by the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) and apply to cricket worldwide. Cricket is one of the few sports for which the governing principles are referred to as 'Laws' rather than as 'Rules' or 'Regulations'. Note that regulations to supplement and/or vary the laws may be agreed for particular competitions.
LBW: see Leg before wicket
Leading edge: The ball hitting the front edge of the bat as opposed to its face, when playing a cross-bat shot such as a pull. Often results in an easy catch for the bowler or a skier for someone else.^[1]
Leave: The action of the batsman not attempting to play at the ball. He may do this by holding the bat above his body. However, there is a clause in the LBW rules making him more susceptible to getting out this way. A batsman leaving the ball may also not claim any leg byes.
Left arm: A bowler who bowls the ball with his or her left hand is, by convention, called a 'left-arm' or 'left arm' bowler (rather than 'left hand' or 'left-handed'). (Contrast "left hand batsman".)^[44]
Left-arm orthodox spin: the style of spin bowling produced by left-arm finger spin; the left-arm equivalent of off spin.
Left-arm unorthodox spin: the style of spin bowling produced by left-arm wrist spin; the left-arm equivalent of leg spin. Formerly called Chinaman bowling, after Ellis Achong, a West Indian of Chinese descent, but that term is now considered derogatory.^[45]
Left hand: A batsman who bats left-handed is said to be a 'left-hand' bat. (Contrast "left arm bowler".)^[44]
Leg before wicket (LBW): a way of dismissing the batsman. In brief, the batsman is out if, in the opinion of the umpire, the ball hits any part of the batsman's body (usually the leg) before hitting or missing the bat and would have gone on to hit the stumps.^[1]^[2]
Leg break: a spin bowling delivery which turns from the leg side to the off side of a right-handed batsman. The stock delivery of a leg spin bowler.^[1]
Leg bye: Extras taken after a delivery hits any part of the body of the batsman other than the bat or the gloved hand that holds the bat. If the batsman makes no attempt to play the ball with the bat or evade the ball that hits him, leg byes may not be scored.^[1]
Leg cutter: A break delivery bowled by a fast or medium-pace bowler with similar action to a spin bowler, but at a faster pace. The ball breaks from the leg side to the off side of the batsman.^[1]
Leg glance: A delicate shot played at a ball aimed slightly on the leg side, using the bat to flick the ball as it passes the batsman, deflecting towards the square leg or fine leg area.
Leg side: the half of the field to the rear of the batsman as he takes strike (also known as the on side).^[1]
Leg slip: a fielding position equivalent to a slip, but on the leg side.
Leg spin: the style of spin bowling produced by right-handed wrist spin. So called because the stock delivery is a leg break. Common variations include the googly, top spinner, and flipper.
Leg theory: A tactic sometimes used by the fielding side. The bowler aims for a line on leg stump and more fielders than usual are placed on the leg side, particularly short catching positions. This prevents the batsman from playing shots on the off side. The goal is to slow the scoring and frustrate the batsman into an opportunity for a catch. See also fast leg theory and Bodyline.^[1] The opposite of off theory.
Leggie: 1. a leg spin bowler; 2. a leg break delivery
Length: the place along the pitch where a delivery bounces (see short pitched, good length, half-volley, full toss).^[1]
Life: a batsman being reprieved because of a mistake by the fielding team, through dropping a catch, missing a run-out chance or the wicket-keeper missing a stumping.
Light: see bad light
Limited overs match: a one-innings match where each side may only face a set number of overs. Another name for one-day cricket.
Line (also see Line and length): the deviation of the point along the pitch where a delivery bounces from the line from wicket-to-wicket (to the leg side or the off side).^[1]
Line and length bowling: bowling so that a delivery pitches on a good length and just outside off stump. This forces the batsman to play a shot as the ball may hit the stumps.^[1]
List A cricket: the limited-overs equivalent of first-class cricket.
Lob bowling
Lolly: a ball that a batsman is easily able to hit, or a ball that a fielder is easily able to catch
Long hop: a delivery that is much too short to be a good length delivery, but without the sharp lift of a bouncer. Usually considered a bad delivery to bowl as the batsman has a lot of time to see the ball and play an attacking shot.^[1]
Long on: a field position near the boundary on the leg side kept to sweep up straight drives.
Long stop: a seldom-used field position near the boundary directly behind the wicket-keeper. Useful in case of uncertainty in the competence of the wicket-keeper to cope with irregular bounce in the wicket. A sweeper position in this area may make a comeback if fine ramp and upper cut shots become a notable tactic.
Look for two: running a single with urgency, the batsman convey the sense (to each other, to the crowd, to commentators) that they will attempt a second run, though no commitment is expected until after the turn. See push, two.
Loop: the curved path of the ball bowled by a spinner.^[1]
Loosener: a poor delivery bowled at the start of a bowler's spell.
Lost ball: A condition in which a fielding team cannot retrieve a hit ball due to it being lost or otherwise out of reach. The fielding team must call out "lost ball" which allows the umpire to stop play. The batsman is credited with having scored at least a six, and a replacement ball is brought in: used and in similar condition to the one lost.
Lower order (colloquially the tail): the batsmen who bat at between roughly number 8 and 11 in the batting order and who may have some skill at batting, but are generally either specialist bowlers or wicket-keepers with limited batting ability. Such batsmen are known as lower order batsmen or tail-enders.
Lunch: the first of the two intervals taken during a full day's play, which usually occurs at lunchtime at about 12:30 pm (local time).

M

Maiden over: an over in which no runs are scored off the bat, and no wides or no-balls are bowled. Considered a good performance for a bowler, maiden overs are tracked as part of a bowling analysis.^[1]^[3]
Maker's name: the full face of the bat, where the manufacturer's logo is normally located. Used particularly when referring to a batsman's technique when playing a straight drive, so that the opposing bowler has full view of the batsman's bat label (e.g., "Sachin Tendulkar played a beautiful on-drive for four, giving it plenty of maker's name...").^[1]
Man of the match: an award which may be given to the highest scoring batsman, leading wicket taker or best overall performer in a match. Man of the series is the same over a whole series.
Manhattan: also called the Skyline. It is a bar graph of the runs scored off each over in a one-day game, with dots indicating the overs in which wickets fell. The name is alternatively applied to a bar graph showing the number of runs scored in each innings in a batsman's career. So called because the bars supposedly resemble the skyscrapers that dominate the skyline of Manhattan.^[1]
Mankad: the running-out of a non-striking batsman who leaves his crease before the bowler has released the ball. It is named after Vinoo Mankad, an Indian bowler, who controversially used this method in a Test match. This is relatively common in indoor cricket and is noted separately from run outs, though almost unheard of in first-class cricket.^[1]
Manufacturer: typically, the firm responsible for producing a batsman's cricket bat. Some popular manufacturers include Kookaburra Sport, Gray-Nicolls, and Sanspareils Greenlands.
Marillier shot: a shot played with the bat held parallel to the pitch in front of the batsman, with the toe of the bat pointing towards the bowler. The batsman attempts to flick the ball over the wicket-keeper's head. Famous exponents of the shot include former Zimbabwean international Dougie Marillier, and Kiwi Brendon McCullum, and Sri Lanka's Tillakaratne Dilshan. Also known as the Dilscoop (after Dilshan), the Paddle scoop, the ramp shot.
Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC): the cricket club that owns Lord's cricket ground in London NW8. It is the custodian of the laws of cricket.^[1]
Match fixing: bribing players of one of the teams to deliberately play poorly, with the intention of cashing in on bets on the result of the game.
Match referee: an official whose role is to ensure that the spirit of the game is upheld. He has the power to fine players and/or teams for unethical play.
Maximum: see six.
Meat of the bat: the thickest part of the bat, from which the most energy is imparted to the ball.
Mecca of cricket: this usually refers to the Lord's cricket ground, also known as the Home of Cricket.
Medium-pace: a bowler who bowls slower than a pace bowler, but faster than a spin bowler. Speed is important to the medium-pacer, but they try and defeat the batsman with the movement of the ball, rather than the pace at which it is bowled. Medium-pacers either bowl cutters or rely on the ball to swing in the air. They usually bowl at about 55–70 mph (90–110 km/h).
Michelle: See five-wicket haul.
Middle of the bat: the area of the face of the bat that imparts maximum power to a shot if that part of the bat hits the ball. Also known as the "meat" of the bat. Effectively the same as the sweet spot; however, a shot that has been "middled" usually means one that is hit with great power as well as timing.^[1]
Middle order: the batsmen who bat at between roughly number 5 and 7 in the batting order. Often includes all-rounders and the wicket-keeper.
Mid wicket: A field position on leg side that is a mirror of extra cover on the off side.
Military medium: medium-pace bowling that lacks the speed to trouble the batsman. Often has derogatory overtones, suggesting the bowling is boring, innocuous, or lacking in variety, but can also be a term of praise, suggesting a military regularity and lack of unintended variation. A good military medium bowler will pitch the ball on the same perfect line and length for six balls an over, making it very hard for the batsman to score runs.^[1]
Milking (or milk the bowling): Scoring a steady stream of easy runs at a moderate rate with little risk of getting out, by taking advantage of poor bowling or gaps in the field. Particularly common against spin bowling in limited overs matches, due to the circle restrictions.^[46]
"Mine": shouted by a fieldsman when "calling" a catch; that is, announcing to other fieldsmen that he is in a position to take the catch. This is considered good practice, as it prevents two fieldsmen colliding with one another in an attempt to take the same catch. See call.
Mis-field: a fielder failing to collect the ball cleanly, often fumbling a pick-up or dropping a catch.
Mullygrubber: (Australian) see grubber^[47]

N

Negative bowling: a persistent line of bowling down the leg-side of a batsman to stymie the batsman from scoring (particularly in Test matches).
Nelson: a score of 111, either of a team or an individual batsman. According to an established superstition, the score is unlucky and at that point a batsman is likely to be dismissed. The traditional measure to avert the bad luck, is for some of the people concerned (usually among the spectators) to stand on one leg. Scores of 222 and 333 are called Double and Triple Nelson respectively.^[1]^[7] The Australian term "Devil's number" or "Dreaded number" similarly refers to a superstition concerning a number traditionally regarded as unlucky, 87
Nervous nineties: The period of a batsman's innings when their score is between 90 and 99. Many players bat nervously in this period because they are worried about getting out before they reach a century. The fielding captain often sets an attacking field to increase the psychological pressure. Some players are particularly prone to getting out in the nervous nineties.^[1]
Nets: a pitch surrounded on three sides by netting, used by for practice by batsman and bowler.^[10]
Net run rate (NRR): In a match, the average run rate scored by a team minus the average run rate scored against them. In a series, a team's NRR is (total runs scored) / (total overs received) – (total runs conceded) / (total overs bowled).^[1]
Nibble: A small amount of movement by the ball off the seam.^[48]
Nick: Another term for edge or snick.^[1]
Nightwatchman: (in a first-class game) a lower order batsman sent in when the light is dimming to play out the remaining overs of the day in order to protect more valuable batsmen for the next day's play.
No: batsman's call not to run. See Push, Yes, Two, Wait.^[1]
No-ball: an illegal delivery; the batting side is awarded one extra, the bowler must deliver another ball in the over, and the batsman cannot be dismissed by the bowler on a no-ball. Most usually a front-foot no-ball, in which the bowler oversteps the popping crease; other reasons include bowling a full toss above waist height (see beamer), throwing, having more than two fielders (excluding the wicketkeeper) behind square on the leg side, or breaking the return crease in the delivery stride.^[2]
No man's land: an area of the field where a fielder cannot save a single, nor stop a boundary. Occasionally used to catch a batsman who mistimes a shot.
No result: the outcome of a limited overs match in which each team does not face the minimum number of overs required for a result to be recorded, usually due to a rain delay. This is generally equivalent to a draw, but differs in the recording of some statistics.
Non-striker: the batsman standing at the bowling end.^[2]
Nothing shot: An overly-tentative shot by the batsman: neither a committed attempt to hit the ball, nor a deliberate leave. This often results in an edge, beating the bat, or playing on. ^[49]
Not out: 1. a batsman who is in and has not yet been dismissed, particularly when play has ceased.^[10]; 2. the call of the umpire when turning down an appeal for a wicket.^[10]
Nurdle: To score runs, usually in singles, by using low-risk shots to gently nudge the ball into vacant areas of the field.^[1]

O

Obstructing the field: An extremely rare method of dismissal. The batsman is given out if they wilfully interfere with the fielding, such as blocking a run out or preventing a fielder from taking a catch. Since 2017 obstructing the field includes the offence of handled the ball, which was previously considered a separate method of dismissal.
Occupying the crease: The act of a batsman staying in for a long time, without trying to score many runs. This tires the bowler and may frustrate the fielding side in a timed match, but requires skilled defensive batting technique. It is particularly prized among opening batsmen or when batting for a draw.
ODI: see One Day International
Odds match: a match in which one side has more players than the other. Generally the extra players were allowed to field as well as bat and so the bowling side had more than 11 fielders.
Off break: an off spin delivery which, for a right-handed bowler and a right-handed batsman, will turn from the off side to the leg side (usually into the batsman).^[1]
Off cutter: an off break delivery bowled by a fast or medium-pace bowler which moves into the batsman after hitting the surface. (The ball breaks from the off-side to the leg side of the batsman.) (see In-Cutter)^[1]
Off side: the half of the pitch in front of the batsman's body as he takes strike. For the right-handed batsman this is the right half of the pitch, looking up the wicket towards the bowler, and the left half for the left-handed batsman.^[1]
Off spin: the style of spin bowling produced by right-handed finger spin. So called because the stock delivery is an off break. Common variations include the arm ball and doosra.^[1]
Off the mark: when the first run is scored by a batsman, it is said that the batsman is off the mark. If a batsman gets out without scoring, it is said that the batsman failed to get off the mark.^[50]
Off theory: A tactic sometimes used by the fielding side. The bowler aims for a line wide of off stump and most fielders are placed on the off side. This prevents the batsman from playing shots on the leg side, whilst most of the off side is covered by fielders. The goal is to slow the scoring and frustrate the batsmen into an opportunity for a catch. The opposite of leg theory.
Offer the light: Under historical rules, offering the light was the act of the umpires giving the batsmen the choice of whether or not to leave the field during times of bad light. Offering the light has disappeared from the game since 2010, the decision of whether or not to leave the field for bad light is made solely by the umpires.^[13]
On side: the half of the pitch behind the batsman's body as he takes strike i.e. the left half for a right-handed batsman and the right for a left-hander (also known as the leg side).^[1]
On a length: a delivery bowled on a good length.
On strike: the batsman currently facing the bowling attack is said to be on strike.
On the up: a batsman playing a shot, usually a drive, to a ball that is quite short and has already risen to knee height or more as the shot is played.
One-day cricket: an abbreviated form of the game, with just one innings per team, usually with a limited number of overs and played over one day.
One Day International (ODI): a match between two national sides limited to 50 overs per innings, played over at most one day.
One down: a batsman who bats at No. 3, a crucial position in the team's batting innings.
One short: when a batsman fails to make contact with the ground beyond the popping crease, and turns back for an additional run.
Opener: 1. an opening batsman; 2. an opening bowler
Opening batsman: One of the two batsmen who are in at the start of the innings. They must face the opening bowlers and new ball, so require good defensive technique to avoid getting out, especially in a timed match. In a limited overs match an opening batsman must also score quickly during the power play.
Opening bowler: One of the two bowlers who begin the innings using the new ball. They are usually the fastest or most aggressive bowlers in the side.^[51]
Orthodox: 1. shots played in the accepted "textbook" manner, and batsmen who play in this manner.; 2. a left arm spin bowler who spins the ball with his fingers. This imparts spin in the same direction as a right-handed leg spin bowler. See: Left-arm orthodox spin.
Out: 1. the state of a batsman who has been dismissed.; 2. the word sometimes spoken while raising the index finger by the umpire when answering an appeal for a wicket in the affirmative.
Out dipper: a dipper that curves away from the batsman before pitching.
Outswing: a delivery that curves away from the batsman.^[1]
Outfield: the part of the field lying outside the 30-yard (27 m) circle measured from the centre of the pitch or, less formally, the part of the pitch furthest from the wickets.^[10]
Over: the delivery of six consecutive legal balls by one bowler.^[2]
Over rate: the number of overs bowled per hour.
Over the wicket: a right-handed bowler passing to the left of the non-striker's stumps in his run-up, and vice versa for a left-handed bowler. Compare with around the wicket.^[10]
Overarm: the action of bowling with the arm swinging from behind the body over the head, releasing the ball on the down swing without bending the elbow. This type of bowling is the only type normally allowed in all official cricket matches. Compare with underarm.
Overpitched delivery: a delivery that is full pitched but not a yorker, bouncing just in front of the batsman. Considered a poor delivery, as it easy for the batsman to get the middle of the bat to the ball. An overpitched ball is often a half-volley.^[10]
Overthrows: the scoring of extra runs due to an errant throw from a fielder. Also known as buzzers. Occasionally used erroneously for any runs scored after a fielder misfields the ball. Also the throw itself.^[10]

P

Pace bowling (also fast bowling): a style of bowling in which the ball is delivered at high speeds, typically over 90 mph (145 km/h). A pace bowler (or paceman) often will also use swing.
Pads: protective equipment for batsmen and wicket-keepers, covering the legs.^[3]
Pad away or pad-play: use the pads hit the ball away from the wicket, only possible when there is no danger of LBW (for example, if the ball pitched on the leg side). Using the pad instead of the bat removes the danger of being caught by close fielders.^[10]
Paddle sweep: A very fine sweep, almost just a tickle of the delivery pitched on or outside leg stump.
Paddle scoop: A shot where the batsman scoops the ball over his/her shoulder in order to find a boundary either behind the wicketkeeper or in the fine leg region.^[1]
Pair: a "pair of spectacles" (0–0) or a "pair of ducks". A batsman's score of nought (zero) runs in both innings of a two-innings match (see this list of Pairs in test and first-class cricket).^[1]
Partnership: the number of runs scored between a pair of batsmen before one of them gets dismissed. This also includes the deliveries faced and time taken.
Part-time bowler (or part-timer): a specialist batsman (or even a wicketkeeper) who is not known for bowling, but has adequate skills to occasionally bowl a few overs. Captains use part-timers to provide some variation in their attack, and to subject batsmen to bowlers they would not have prepared to face.^[52]
Pavilion: the grandstand or building complex where the player's dressing rooms and members of the association or club owning the ground are seated. The dressing rooms are generally located in the members' area.
Peach: a delivery bowled by a fast bowler considered unplayable, usually a really good delivery that a batsman gets out to, or one that is too good that the batsmen cannot even edge.
Pea roller: A now illegal delivery where the ball is rolled along the ground rather than bowled over-arm.
Pegs: The "pegs". A slang term for the stumps.
Perfume ball: a bouncer on or just outside off-stump that passes within inches of the batsman's face. So called because the ball is close enough to the batsman's face that he can supposedly smell it.
Pick: Of a batsman, to correctly identify which variation a bowler (often a spin bowler) has delivered.
Pick of the bowlers: the bowler who performed the best, whether over the course of an innings or a match.
Picket fences: an over in which one run is scored off each delivery. It looks like picket fences 111111, hence the name.
Pie Chucker (or Pie Thrower): A poor bowler, usually of slow to medium pace whose deliveries are flighted so much as to appear similar to a pie in the air. Considered easy to score off by batsmen – see Buffet Bowling.^[3]
Pinch hitter/Slogger: a lower order batsman promoted up the batting order to increase the run rate. The term, if not the precise sense, is borrowed from baseball.^[1]
Pitch: 1. the rectangular surface in the centre of the field where most of the action takes place, usually made of earth or clay. It is 22 yards in length.^[1]; 2. of the ball, to bounce before reaching the batsman after delivery.; 3. the spot where the ball pitches (sense 2).
Pitch (It) Up: to bowl a delivery on a fuller length.
Pitch map: a diagram showing where a number of balls, usually from a particular bowler, have pitched.^[20] Compare beehive.
Placement: the ball when it is hit such that it bisects or trisects the fielders placed on the field. The ball usually ends up being a four.
Platinum duck: a player dismissed without even facing a ball – most likely by being run out as the non-striker. Also sometimes referred to as a Diamond Duck.
Play and miss: when a batsman aims to hit the ball with the bat but does not make contact
Playing on: for the batsman to hit the ball with his bat but only succeed in diverting it onto the stumps. The batsman is thus out bowled. Also known as "dragging on" or "chopping on"^[1]
Playing time
Plumb: of a dismissal by LBW: indisputable, obvious.^[1]^[3] Of a wicket, giving true bounce.^[10]
Point: A fielding position square of the batsman's off side.
Point of release: the position of the bowler at the moment when the ball is released.
Pongo: (used primarily by UK county players) a very high volume of run-making, or batting assault.^{[citation needed]}
Popper: a ball that rises sharply from the pitch when bowled ('pops up').^{[citation needed]}
Popping crease: One of two lines in the field defined as being four feet in front of and parallel to that end's bowling crease where the wickets are positioned. A batsman who does not have either the bat or some part of his or her body touching the ground behind the popping crease is considered out of his ground and is in danger of being dismissed run out or stumped.
Powerplay: a block of overs that in One Day Internationals offer a temporary advantage to the batting side.
Pro20: South African form of Twenty20
Pro40: a professional limited overs competition that was played in England from 1969–2009, with 40 overs per side
Projapoti: A delivery by a pace bowler which minimises rotation of the ball, causing it to move erratically in flight. Based on the same aerodynamic principles as baseball's knuckleball.^{[citation needed]}
Protected area: An area of the pitch defined as two feet wide down the middle of the pitch and beginning five feet from each popping crease. A bowler is not allowed to trespass this area in his or her follow-through or the bowler is given a warning. Three such warnings will immediately bar him or her from bowling for the rest of the innings.
Pull: a shot played to the leg side to a short-pitched delivery, between mid-wicket and backward square-leg.^[1]
Pursuit: Synonym of runchase.
Push: batsman's call for a run, urging his/her partner to look for two. See No, Yes, Two, Wait.

Q

Quarter seam: a flush join between pieces of leather on the surface of the ball, running at right angles to the main stitched seam
Quick: Traditionally, a quick bowler was one who completed his over in a short space of time. In more recent years, it has been used as a synonym for a fast or pace bowler. (Paradoxically, a quick bowler in the traditional sense was often also a slow bowler, that is, a bowler who delivered slow deliveries. A fast or pace bowler was rarely also a quick bowler in the traditional sense, because he took a longer time to complete an over.)
Quick single mean: When the two batsmen run very quickly between the wickets to score a run
Quota: the total number of overs (maximum 10) allotted to a bowler in an ODI, or any limited overs match. Typically, total overs in the innings divided by 5, rounded to next highest integer.
Quotient (or runs per wicket ratio): A quantity used as a league table tie-breaker in some first class tournaments. Defined as the number of runs scored per wicket lost when batting, divided by the number of runs conceded per wicket taken when bowling. The equivalent in limited overs tournaments is the net run rate.

R

Ramp shot: See Marillier shot.
Rabbit: 1. A particularly incompetent batsman, who is invariably a specialist bowler. While most lower order batsmen would be expected to occasionally score some useful runs, a rabbit is expected to be dismissed cheaply almost every time. Another term, ferret, refers to a batsman even worse than a rabbit (named as such because, in the wild, "a ferret goes in after a rabbit.")^[1]; 2. A higher order batsman who is out frequently to the same bowler is referred to as that bowler's rabbit or bunny.
Rain delay: A halt in game proceedings due to rain, but not yet a wash out.
Rain rule: Any of various methods of determining which team wins a rain-shortened one-day match. The current preferred method is the Duckworth–Lewis method.
Red cherry: A nickname for the red cricket ball. See cherry.
Referral: A request for an on-field umpiring decision to be reviewed by the third umpire. Referrals can initiate from the standing umpire, or under the Umpire Decision Review System, by the fielding captain or a batsman. Still in the experimental stage and not currently used for all Test series.^[53]
Release or point of release: The moment in a bowling action when the bowler lets go of the ball.
Required run rate: Same as asking rate.
Reserve day: A vacant day in a touring schedule which can be used to replay or reconvene a match which is washed out. Mostly seen in the latter stages of major limited-overs tournaments.
Rest day: A non-playing day in the middle of a multiple day game. These were once common, but are seldom seen in the modern era.
Result: The final outcome of a match. Possible results are a win/loss, a draw, or a tie. Alternatively, rain delays may lead to an outcome of no result, or a wash out may lead to the match being abandoned before it begins.
Retire: for a batsman to voluntarily leave the field during his innings, usually because of injury. A player who retires through injury/illness ("retired hurt/ill") may return in the same innings at the fall of a wicket, and continue where he left off.^[10] A player who is uninjured ("retired out") may return only with the opposing captain's consent.
Reverse sweep: a right-handed batsman sweeping the ball like a left-handed batsman and vice versa.^[1]
Reverse swing: the art of swinging the ball contrary to how a conventionally swung ball moves in the air; i.e. movement away from the rough side. Many theories as to how this may occur. Usually happens with an older ball than conventional swing, but not always, atmospheric conditions and bowler skill also being important factors. It has been espoused that once the 'rough' side becomes extremely rough a similar effect to that of a dimpled golf ball may cause it to move more quickly through the air than the 'shiny' side of the ball. Invented by Pakistani fast bowler Sarfaraz Nawaz and later perfected by the likes of Imran Khan, Wasim Akram and Waqar Younis.
Rib tickler: A ball bowled short of a length that bounces up higher than expected and strikes the batsman in the midriff (usually the side) and hits several ribs.
Right arm: a bowler who bowls the ball with his or her right hand is, by convention, called a 'right-arm' or 'right arm' bowler (rather than 'right hand' or 'right-handed'). (Contrast "right hand batsman".)^[44]
Right hand: a batsman who bats right-handed is a 'right hand' bat. (Contrast "right arm bowler".)^[44]
Ring field: A field which is set primarily to save singles, consisting of fieldsmen in all or most of the primary positions forward of the wicket, on or about the fielding circle (or where it would be).
Road: A very hard and flat pitch, good for batting on. Synonyms such as street, highway, etc. may sometimes be used in the same context.
Rogers: The second XI of a club or county. From the Warwickshire and New Zealand player Roger Twose.^{[citation needed]}
Roller: A cylindrical implement used to flatten the pitch before play or between sessions. Usually there are two rollers available, a heavy roller and a light roller, with the choice of which to use being given to the captain of the batting side.
Rotate the strike: to look to make singles wherever possible, in order to ensure that both batsmen are continually facing deliveries and making runs. The opposite of farming the strike.
Rough: a worn-down section of the pitch, often due to bowlers' footmarks, from which spinners are able to obtain more turn.
Round the wicket: see around the wicket
Roundarm bowling: the type of bowling action in which the bowler's outstretched hand is perpendicular to his body when he releases the ball. Round arm bowling is legal in cricket.
Royal Duck: a dismissal for nought (zero), from the first ball faced in the game.
Run
Run chase: The act/task of the team batting second (in a limited-overs match) or batting fourth (in an unlimited overs match), trying to win a match by batting and surpassing the runs accumulated by the opponent.
Run out: dismissal by a member of the fielding side breaking the wicket while the batsman is outside his/her crease in the process of making a run.^[2]
Run rate: the average number of runs scored per over.
Run up: see approach.
Runner: a player from the batting side who assists an injured batsman by running between the wickets. The runner wears and carry the same equipment, and can be run out.^[10] Since 2011, runners have not been permitted in international cricket, but can be used at lower grades.^[54]
Runs per wicket ratio: See quotient.

S

Safe: The batsmen are safe when in their ground, or starting from a position between the popping creases it have made their ground before a fielder can break the wicket.
Sandshoe crusher: See toe crusher
Sawn off: A batsman who has been wrongly or unluckily given out by an umpire.^{[citation needed]}
Scorer: A person officially responsible for recording the scoring and detailed statistics of the game, usually ball-by-ball.
Scramble seam
Seam: 1. (noun) the raised stitching running around the circumference of the ball.^[1]; 2. (verb) for a ball to deviate off the pitch because it has bounced on its seam.
Seam bowling: a bowling style which uses the uneven conditions of the ball – specifically the raised seam – to make it deviate upon bouncing off the pitch. Contrast with swing bowling.^[10]
Seamer: a seam bowler
Season: the period of each year when cricket is played. Varies substantially between countries.
Selector: a person who is delegated with the task of choosing players for a cricket team. Typically, the term is used in the context of player selection for national, provincial and other representative teams at the professional levels of the game, where a "panel of selectors" acts under the authority of the relevant national or provincial cricket administrative body.^[10]
Sent in: a team which bats first after losing the toss is said to have been "sent in" by the opposing captain.^[55]
Session: A period of play, from start to lunch, lunch to tea and tea until stumps.^[3]
Shelled a Dolly: dropped a really easy catch (Dolly).
Shepherd the strike (also farm the strike): of a batsman, contrive to receive the majority of the balls bowled, often to protect a weaker batting partner. Typically, involves declining taking singles early in overs, and trying to take singles late in overs.
Shooter: a delivery that skids after pitching (i.e. doesn't bounce as high as would be expected), usually at a quicker pace, resulting in a batsman unable to hit the ball cleanly.^[1]
Short-pitched: a delivery that bounces relatively close to the bowler. The intent is to make the ball bounce well above waist height (a bouncer). A slow or low-bouncing short-pitched ball is known as a long hop.
Short of a length
Shot: the act of the batsman hitting the ball with his bat.
Short Stop: When the wicket keeper stands upfront, the fielder placed right behind the wicket keeper is called a Short Stop. When the fielder stands outside the 30-yard circle he is called a Long Stop.^{[citation needed]}
Shoulder Arms: Rather than risk playing the ball, the batsman lifts the bat high above his shoulder to keep his bat and hand out of harm's way.^[1]
Side on: 1. A side on bowler has back foot, chest and hips aligned towards the batsman at the instant of back foot contact.; 2. A batsman is side on if his hips and shoulders are facing at ninety degrees to the bowler.
Sightscreen: a large board placed behind the bowler, beyond the boundary, used to provide contrast to the ball, thereby aiding the striker in seeing the ball when it is delivered. Typically, coloured white to contrast a red ball, or black to contrast a white ball.^[10]
Silly: a modifier to the names of some fielding positions to denote that they are unusually close to the batsman, most often silly mid-off, silly mid-on, silly midwicket and silly point.^[3]
Single: a run scored by the batsmen physically running once only between the wickets.
Single wicket: A one-vs-one version of cricket, in which the two competitors bat and bowl against each other, while neutral participants field for both. Each inning consists of a single wicket and a limited number of overs (usually two or three). Currently only played informally and rarely seen, the format was once highly popular and played professionally, particularly from 1750-1850.
Sitter: a very easy catch. A fielder who misses such a catch is said to have 'dropped a sitter'.
Six (or Sixer): a shot which passes over or touches the boundary without having bounced or rolled, so called because it scores six runs to the batting side.
Skiddy: A pace bowler who typically obtains a low-bounce on his / her delivery is described as skiddy. The opposite is slingy
Skier: (pronounced Sky-er) A mistimed shot hit almost straight up in the air, to the sky. Usually results in the batsman being caught out. Occasionally however the fielder positions himself perfectly to take the catch but misses it or drops it. Such an error is considered very embarrassing for the fielder.
Skipper: An informal term for the captain, from the nautical skipper. Sometimes shortened to 'skip', particularly as a nickname.
Skyline: alternative name for Manhattan.
Slash: a cut, but played aggressively or possibly recklessly – a cut (q.v.) being a shot played square on the off side to a short-pitched delivery wide of off stump. So called because the batsman makes a "cutting" motion as he plays the shot.
Sledging: verbal exchanges between players on opposing sides. This ranges from banter between friends to verbal abuse or a psychological tactic to gain advantage of the opposition by undermining their confidence or breaking their concentration. Considered in some cricketing countries to be against the spirit of the game, but acceptable in others.^[3]
Slice: a kind of cut shot played with the bat making an obtuse angle with the batsman.^[10]
Slider: a wrist spinner's delivery where backspin is put on the ball.
Slingy: A pace bowler who typically obtains a high-bounce on his / her delivery perhaps because of their unusual height. The opposite is skiddy
Slip: a close fielder behind the batsman, next to the wicket-keeper on the off-side. Also ("in the slips", "at first slip") the positions occupied by such fielders.^[3] Commonly there will be two or three slips in an attacking field (although there is no limit and a captain may use more), and one or none in a defensive field. A specialist slip fieldsman may be known as a slipper.^[56]
Slip catching cradle: a large piece of training equipment, used for practising the quick-reaction catches needed by a fielder in the slips.
Slog: a powerful shot, in which the batsman hits the ball high and long in an attempt to reach the boundary. Regarded as a risky shot, it will often result in a six or a four, but also has a high chance of getting out. Used by batsmen with more strength than skill, or who need to score runs quickly (see death overs).
Slog overs: see death overs.
Slog sweep: a type of slog in which a sweep shot hit hard and in the air, over the same boundary as for a hook. Used exclusively against spin bowlers.^[1]
Slower ball: a medium-pace delivery bowled by a fast bowler. Designed to deceive the batsman into playing the ball too early and skying it to a fielder. Has several variations.
Slow left armer: a left-arm, orthodox, finger spin bowler; the left-handed equivalent of an off spinner (see off spin).
Snick (also edge): a slight deviation of the ball off the edge of the bat.
Snickometer: a television graphic, also available for use by the third umpire, used to assess on a replay whether or not the batsman has snicked the ball. The graphic juxtaposes a slow motion replay with a sound oscilloscope, and is used to assess whether a sharp sound was recorded at the same moment as the ball passes the bat. Sometimes shortened to snicko.
Soft hands (batting) (also soft bat): To bat with soft hands (or play with a soft bat) is to hold the bat loosely or with relaxed hands so that it absorbs the ball's momentum, meaning that the ball does not rebound sharply off it when the shot is played.
Soft hands (fielding): To catch the ball with soft hands is to relax the hands and follow through the motion of the ball in the air, allowing the ball to hit the hands gently rather than risking it bouncing out of the hands.
Specialist: a player selected in the team primarily for a single skill, i.e. not an all-rounder or a wicketkeeper-batsman. Such players can be referred to as specialist batsmen, specialist bowlers, or specialist wicketkeepers.
Spectacles: another word for a pair. From the appearance of two ducks on the scorecard as 0–0.
Spell: 1. the number of continuous overs a bowler bowls before being relieved.
Spider Graph (also Wagon Wheel): a graphical chart that represents the trajectory of the ball from each scoring stroke, including its direction, distance travelled, and (where the technology allows) elevation and bounces. Each scoring stroke is represented by a coloured line, typically colour-coded by the number of runs from the stroke. The Spider Graph is a more detailed version of the traditional Wagon Wheel graphic; some commentators use the two terms interchangeably, while others use Wagon Wheel only for the less-detailed version.^{[citation needed]}
Spin bowling: a style of bowling in which a spin bowler ("spinner") attempts to deceive the batsman by imparting spin on the ball using either their fingers or their wrist. Spin bowling is most effective when the ball is travelling relatively slowly, and so most spinners bowl at a pace between 40 and 55 mph.
Splice: the joint between the handle and the blade of a bat; the weakest part of the bat. If the ball hits the splice it is likely to dolly up for an easy catch.
Square: 1. of a position on the field, perpendicular to the line of the pitch; the opposite of fine.; 2. the area in the middle of the ground where the pitches are prepared.; 3. an imaginary line extending the crease to the boundary on the leg side; it is illegal to have more than two fielders behind square.
Square leg: 1. a fielding position on the on side approximately at right angles to the batsman; 2. a person who fields at that position
Square-cut: A cut shot, played square, i.e. perpendicular to the bowler's delivery.
Stance (also batting stance): the posture of a batsman holding his bat when facing a delivery.
Stand (noun): A synonym for partnership.
Standing up: position adopted by a Wicket-keeper, close to the stumps, when a slow (or, occasionally, medium pace) bowler is operating.
Start: a batsman is said to have a start when he successfully avoids being dismissed for very few runs; in Australia, this is generally understood to mean a score of twenty runs. Once a batsman survives this initial period and becomes established, batting generally becomes easier as he has settled into a rhythm and has adapted to the playing conditions and is less vulnerable, so they are then expected to convert their starts into big scores.
Steaming in: a bowler taking a fast run-up to bowl is said to be steaming in.
Sticky dog: a drying wicket that is exceedingly difficult to bat on. Uncommon if not non-existent in recent years due to the routine covering of pitches.
Sticky wicket: a difficult wet pitch.^[10]
Stock ball: See stock delivery
Stock bowler: a bowler whose role is to restrict scoring rather than to take wickets. Usually called upon to bowl numerous overs at a miserly run rate while strike bowlers rest between spells or attempt to take wickets from the other end.
Stock delivery or stock ball): A bowler's standard type of delivery; the one they bowl most frequently.^[1] Bowlers usually have a single stock delivery and one or more variations.
Stodger: a batsman who makes it his job to defend and to score at a mediocre rate. This style is prone to derogatory comments but also compliments on resilience and technique.
Stonewaller: An extreme example of a blocker.^[57]
Straight bat: the bat when held vertically, or when swung through a vertical arc
Straight up-and-down: pejorative term for a fast- or medium-paced bowler who cannot swing or seam the ball.
Stranded: a batsman is said to be stranded on his score if he narrowly misses scoring a century or similar milestone because his team's innings ends, rather than because he was dismissed.
Strangled: a form of dismissal whereby a batsman, in trying to play a glance very fine to a leg-side ball, gets an inside edge which is caught by the wicket-keeper.^{[citation needed]}
Street: a pitch which is easy for batsmen and difficult for bowlers. Sometimes called a road, highway, and various other synonyms for street.
Strike: the position as batsman facing the bowler, as opposed to non-striker. Often, 'Keep [the] strike', to arrange runs on the last ball of an over so as to face the first ball of the next. Farm the strike or Shepherd the strike: to keep doing this to protect a less skilful batsman.^[2]
Strike bowler: an attacking bowler whose role is to take wickets rather than to restrict scoring. Usually a fast bowler or attacking spinner who bowls in short spells to attacking field settings.
Strike rate: 1. (batting) a percentage equal to the number of runs scored by a batsman divided by the number of balls faced.; 2. (bowling) the average number of deliveries bowled before a bowler takes a wicket.
Striker: the batsman who faces the deliveries bowled.
Stroke: an attempt by the batsman to play at a delivery.
Stump: 1. one of the three vertical posts making up the wicket ("off stump", "middle stump" and "leg stump");^[2]; 2. a way of dismissing a batsman in which the wicketkeeper breaks the batsman's wicket with the ball when the batsman is outside his crease but has not attempted a run; or; 3. in a match lasting more than one day, stumps refers to the end of a day's play when the match is not complete (e.g. a progress score after the first day may be described as the score "at stumps on Day 1"). See also draw stumps.^[2]
Stump-cam: A small television camera inside middle stump to provide images of play close to the stumps, particularly when a batsman is bowled out.^[58]
Substitute (cricket): a player able to replace another on the fielding side. A substitute fielder may carry out normal fielding duties but is not allowed to bat, bowl or keep wicket.
Sun ball: A method of bowling where the ball is intentionally bowled at a great height and a sluggish pace. This is done to interrupt the batsman's field of vision using the sun's rays, often causing disastrous consequences such as blunt strikes to the head.^{[citation needed]}
Sundry: see extra
Supersub: Under experimental One-Day International rules played between July 2005 and February 2006, the supersub was a substitute player able to come on and replace any player at any point during the game, with the substitute able to take over the substituted player's batting and bowling duties – as distinct from a traditional substitute, who can field but is not permitted to bat, bowl or keep wicket.^[59]
Super Over: A method for breaking a tie used in some limited overs matches. Each team plays one more over with nominated batsmen (who may already have been dismissed in the main game), or until two wickets have been lost. The team that scores the most runs in their super over wins. The rules vary between competitions if the scores are still tied after the super over, but most commonly a boundary count is used.
Surrey Cut: see French Cut
Sweep: a shot played to a good length slow delivery. The batsman gets down on one knee and "sweeps" the ball to the leg side.
Sweet spot: the small area on the face of the bat that gives maximum power for minimum effort when the ball is hit with it. Also known as the "middle" or "meat" of the bat. A shot that is struck with the sweet spot is referred to as being "well timed" (see timing).
Swing: a bowling style usually employed by fast and medium-pace bowlers. The fielding side will polish the ball on one side of the seam only; as the innings continues, the ball will become worn on one side, but shiny on the other. When the ball is bowled with the seam upright, the air will travel faster over the shiny side than the worn side. This makes the ball swing (curve) in the air. Conventional swing would mean that the ball curves in the air away from the shiny side. (see also reverse swing).^[10]
Swish: a rapid or careless attacking stroke by the batsman.
Switch hit: a shot played by a batsman who reverses both his stance and his grip during the bowler's run-up, so that a right-handed batsman would play the shot as an orthodox left-hander. The shot was popularised by England batsman Kevin Pietersen, prompting some discussion about its impact on the rules, e.g. for lbw decisions in which it is necessary to distinguish between off and leg stumps.

T

Tail: common colloquialism for the lower order of a batting line-up.^[3] If the tail wags it means the lower order has scored significantly well, perhaps enough to salvage a win
Tail-ender: a player who bats towards the end of the batting order, usually a specialist bowler or wicket-keeper with relatively poor batting skills.^[1]
Tampering: scratching, scuffing, or otherwise unnaturally altering the cricket ball outside of its normal wear and tear. When this is done, it is usually by the fielding team, to give their bowler an edge so that the ball might spin or seam more effectively. This is an illegal act in the game.
Tape ball: An ersatz cricket ball produced by wrapping a tennis ball in electrical tape. Common in informal games on the Indian subcontinent.
Target: The score that the team batting last has to score to beat their opponents. This is one run more than what the team batting first managed; or, in limited overs cricket, an adjusted value determined by a rain rule.
Tea: the second of the two intervals during a full day's play is known as the tea interval, due to its timing at about tea-time. In matches lasting only an afternoon, the tea interval is usually taken between innings.
Teesra: A back spin delivery by a finger spin bowler.
Ten-wicket match: A two-innings match in which a bowler takes ten or more wickets in total.
Test cricket (also Test match): The highest level of the sport. Consists of timed matches that last up to five days, with two innings per side. Played between senior international teams which have been granted Test status.
Textbook shot: A shot played by the batsmen with perfect orthodox technique, exactly as shown in textbooks on batting.
Third man: position behind the wicket-keeper on the off-side, beyond the slip and gully areas
Third umpire: an off-field umpire, equipped with a television monitor, whose assistance the two on-field umpires can seek when in doubt.
Through the gate: "bowled through the gate": dismissed with a ball that passes between the bat and the pads before hitting the wicket.
Throwing: of a bowler, an illegal bowling action in which the arm is straightened during the delivery. Also known as chucking
Tice: An old name for a yorker.
Tickle: An edge to the wicket-keeper or slips. Alternatively a delicate shot usually played to third man or fine leg.
Tie: the result of a cricket in which the two teams' scores are equal and the team batting last is all out; or in a limited overs match, the allotted overs have been played. Not to be confused with a draw, in which neither team wins but the scores are not equal.
Tied down: A batsman or batting team having their run-making restricted by the bowling side.
Timber: the (wooden) stumps. Achieving a Bowled dismissal is to have "hit the timber", or simply "Timber!".
Timed match: a match whose duration is based on a set amount of time rather than a set number of overs. Timed matches usually have a draw as a potential result, in addition to the win/loss or tie that can be achieved in limited overs cricket. All first-class cricket is currently played under a timed format.
Timed out: A batsman is ruled timed out following the fall of a wicket if he or she does not occupy the crease within a set time. The new batsman is then out just as if they had been bowled, stumped, run out or caught.
Timeless match: a match which is played until both teams have completed their allotted innings or overs, regardless of how many days are required. Many early first-class matches were played in a timeless format, but the need for advanced scheduling has meant that timeless matches are seldom played today.
Timing: the art of striking the ball so that it hits the bat's sweet spot. A "well-timed" shot imparts great speed to the ball but appears effortless.
Toe-crusher: A yorker bowled with inswing, aimed at the batsman's toes.
Ton: see century.^[1]
Top edge: the ball hitting the top edge of the bat when a batsman plays a cross-bat shot
Top order: the batsmen batting in the top 4 in the batting order. These are generally the most skilled batsmen in the team, equipped with the technique and temperament to continue batting for long periods, often for hours or a whole day.
Top spin: forward rotation on the ball, causing it to increase speed immediately after pitching.^[10]
Toss: the traditional flipping of a coin to determine which captain will have the right to choose whether to bat or field.^[60]
Tour: An organised itinerary of matches requiring travel away from the team's usual base. Used especially in international cricket for the representative team of one nation playing a series of matches in another nation.^[61]
Tour match: any match on a tour which does not have full international status; most typically matches played as a warm-up between the travelling international team and a local club or composite team.
Track: another term for the pitch.
Triggerd: when the Umpire gives a Batsman out LBW almost immediately with little consideration for any other factor than the ball hitting the pads in front of the stumps. The batsman is said to have been "triggerd" or "trig'd" because the Umpire has an itchy trigger finger, ready to raise it to give the batsman out easily.^{[citation needed]}
Trimmer: a high-quality fast bowling delivery, especially one that results in a dismissal of a batsman by removing the bails without hitting the stumps^[62]
Trundler: a reliable, steady medium-pace bowler who is not especially good, but is not especially bad either.^[1] See also military medium.
Turn: manner in which a batsman grounds the bat at the end of a run, change directions, and prepare to take another run. The correct execution is for the batsman to turn towards the side of the field the ball was played to in order to judge whether another run is possible. See Turn blind, Two. Also the amount a spin ball changes directions – turns/spins – after hitting the pitch. For example, "That leg spin turned a lot."
Turn blind: turn by a batsman facing to the side of field away from that to which the ball was played, deprecated as it increases the danger of a run out.
Tweaker: An informal (often affectionate) term for a spin bowler.^[5]
Twelfth man: Traditionally, the first substitute player who fields when a member of the fielding side is injured. In Test matches, twelve players are named to a team prior to the match, with the final reduction to eleven occurring immediately prior to play commencing on the first day. This gives the captain some flexibility in team selection, dependent on the conditions (e.g. a spin bowler may be named to the team, but omitted if the captain feels that the pitch is not suitable for spin bowling).^[1]
Twenty20 (or T20): a form of limited overs cricket in which each team has one innings with a maximum length of twenty overs.
Two: batsman's call for a probable two runs, requiring his/her partner to commit to a fast turn. See No, Push, Yes, Wait.

U

Umpire: one of the two (or three) enforcers of the laws^[63] and adjudicators of play.
Umpire Decision Review System (UDRS, or simply Decision Review System or DRS): a system which allows the fielding captain or the batsmen to request the third umpire to review the standing umpires' previous decision using technological aids, in the hope of having a dismissal awarded (in the case of the fielding captain) or overturned (in the case of the batsman).
Underarm: the action of bowling with the arm swinging from behind the body in a downswing arc and then releasing the ball on the up swing without bending the elbow. This type of bowling is now illegal in formal cricket, but commonly played in informal types of cricket. Compare with overarm.
Under-spin (also back-spin): backward rotation on the ball, causing it to decrease speed immediately after pitching.
Unorthodox: 1. a shot played not in the accepted "textbook" manner, often with a degree of improvisation.; 2. a left arm spin bowler who spins the ball with his wrist. This imparts spin in the same direction as a right-handed off spin bowler. See: Left-arm unorthodox spin.
Unplayable delivery: a ball that is impossible for the batsman to deal with; used to imply that the batsman was out more through the skill of the bowler than through his own error.
Upper Cut: A typical shot played against a short ball or bouncer. Here the batsman makes a cut above his head and the ball usually goes to the third-man area. First used in International cricket by Sachin Tendulkar
Uppish: A shot that gains a risky amount of height, opening up the possibility of the batsman being caught.

V

Variation: Any delivery by the bowler which is not their stock ball. Used to make the bowling less predictable, which may surprise or deceive the batsman.
Vatta: The term for a delivery bowled with an illegal bowling action (see chuck) in parts of Pakistan and India. Derived from the Punjabi word for stone, i.e., a delivery bowled with a stone throwing action. ^{[citation needed]}
Vee: 1. an unmarked, loosely defined V-shaped area on the ground at which the batsman stands at the apex. The two sides of the "V" go through the mid-off and mid-on regions. Most shots played into this region are straight-batted shots, which don't involve the risks associated with playing across the line.; 2. the V-shaped joint between the lower end of the handle and the blade of the bat (see also splice).
Village or Village cricket: the kind of level of cricket played by the majority of the cricket-watching public. Traditionally applied pejoratively when the standard of play (particularly from professionals) is very low. e.g. "That shot/dropped catch/bowling was village"

W

Waft: A loose non-committal shot, usually played to a ball pitched short of length and well wide of the off stump.
Wag: when the tail (the lower order of the batting line-up) scores more runs than it is expected to, it is said to have wagged (as an extension of the animal tail metaphor)
Wagon wheel: a graphical chart which divides a cricket ground into six sectors (looking like the spokes of a wagon style wheel), and shows how many runs a batsman has scored into each area.^[20]^[64] The term may also be used for the Spider Graph, a similar graphic that displays the same information in greater detail.
Walk: of a batsman, to walk off the pitch, knowing or believing that he is out, rather than waiting for an umpire to give him out (The umpire is required to intervene if he was not about to give an out decision).^[65] Generally considered to be sportsmanlike behaviour, but rarer in international cricket than domestic cricket.^[1]
Walking in: fielders will, unless fielding close in, usually "walk in" a few paces just before the bowler bowls in order to be alert if ball is hit in their direction.
Walking wicket: a very poor batsman, particularly tail-end batsmen, who are usually specialist bowlers.^{[citation needed]}
Wash out: a cricket match, or a specific day of a cricket match, which is abandoned with either no play or very little play due to rain.
Wearing wicket: On a turf pitch, typically consisting of dry/dead grass on the top, the soil can be loosened because of the players, stepping on it during play, and rough, abrasive patches can form. This means that as the pitch wears, or becomes worn, balls that land in these rough areas will grip the surface more and turn more drastically, thereby becoming more helpful to spin bowling. Uneven bounce can also result.
Wicket: 1. a set of stumps and bails;; 2. the pitch; or; 3. the dismissal of a batsman.^[1]
Wicket-keeper: the player on the fielding side who stands immediately behind the batting end wicket. A specialist position, used throughout the game. The wicket-keeper is the only player in the fielding side allowed to wear gloves and external leg guards, under Law 40.^[2]
Wicket-keeper/batsman: a wicket-keeper who is also a very good batsman, capable of opening the batting or making good scores in the top order. Examples include Adam Gilchrist, Alec Stewart and MS Dhoni.
Wicket maiden: a maiden over in which the bowler also dismisses a batsman. A double wicket maiden if two wickets are taken, and so on.^[2]
Wicket-to-wicket (or stump-to-stump): an imaginary line connecting the two wickets, also a style of straight, un-varied bowling.
Wickets in hand: The number of wickets remaining in the innings for the batting side.^[46] For example, a team when has lost four of its ten wickets is said to 'have six wickets in hand'.
Wide: a delivery that passes illegally wide of the wicket, scoring an extra for the batting side. A wide does not count as one of the six valid deliveries that must be made in each over – an extra ball must be bowled for each wide.^[1]^[2]
Women's cricket: Cricket played between teams consisting solely of women. First recorded in 1745, it was administered separately from men's cricket until 2005. There are almost no differences in the rules.
Worm: a plot of either the cumulative runs scored, or the progressive run rate achieved by a team (the y-axis) against the over number (x-axis) in limited-overs cricket.
Wrist spin: a form of spin bowling in which the ball is made to rotate by the position and/or movement of the bowler's wrist (contrast with finger spin). For a right-handed bowler this produces leg spin, whereas the same technique by a left-handed bowler produces left arm unorthodox spin.
Wrong foot: when the bowling foot is the front foot the delivery is said to be bowled off the wrong foot. Such a bowler is said to bowl off the wrong foot.
Wrong footed: when the batsman is initially moving either back or forward to a delivery and then has to suddenly change which foot he uses (back or front), he is said to have been wrong-footed. Usually applies to spin bowling.
Wrong 'un: another name for a googly; most common in Australia.^[1]^[3]

Y

Yes: batsman's call for a run. See No, Push, Two, Wait.
(The) Yips: The yips are occasionally experienced by bowlers suffering from a loss of confidence. A psychological condition whereby the bowler is unable to sufficiently relax when delivering the ball – often holding the ball too long before release, losing flight, turn and accuracy in the process. Bowlers have been known to suffer from the yips for as little as a few overs, up to the course of an entire season or more.^[1]
Yorker: a (usually fast) delivery that is pitched very close to the batsman. The intent is for it to pitch exactly underneath his bat or on his toes, in the block hole. A perfectly pitched fast yorker is very difficult for a batsman to play; however a poorly delivered yorker can turn into a half-volley (too short) or a full toss (too full).^[1]

Z

Zooter or Zoota: a variation of the flipper bowled by a leg-break bowler. Typically, 'Zoots' along the ground without much bounce. This ball is possibly a myth made up by Shane Warne to create confusion amongst opposition sides.^[1]

Notes

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj ^ak ^al ^am ^an ^ao ^ap ^aq ^ar ^as ^at ^au ^av ^aw ^ax ^ay ^az ^ba ^bb ^bc ^bd ^be ^bf ^bg ^bh ^bi ^bj ^bk ^bl ^bm ^bn ^bo ^bp ^bq ^br ^bs ^bt ^bu ^bv ^bw ^bx ^by ^bz ^ca ^cb ^cc ^cd ^ce ^cf ^cg ^ch ^ci ^cj ^ck ^cl ^cm ^cn ^co ^cp ^cq ^cr ^cs ^ct ^cu ^cv ^cw ^cx ^cy ^cz ^da ^db ^dc "A glossary of cricket terms". ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 13 May 2008.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q Glossary of cricket terms Archived 28 May 2008 at the Wayback Machine from the England Cricket Board retrieved 13 May 2008
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t Cricket Academy – Glossary from BBC News retrieved 13 May 2008
^ Eastaway, p. 1.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q Rundell, Michael. The Wisden Dictionary of Cricket (3rd ed.). A. & C. Black. p. 67. ISBN 9781408101612.
^ Booth, pp. 2–3
^ ^a ^b Majid, Abdul (29 April 2015). "Did you know these sports terms?". The Express Tribune. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ Barclays World of Cricket – 2nd Edition, 1980, Collins Publishers, ISBN 0-00-216349-7, pp 636–643.
^ Booth, pp. 10–11
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y Barclays World of Cricket – 3rd Edition, 1986, Guild Publishing/Willow Books (Collins), pp693–700.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Eastaway, p. 119.
^ https://www.rubiconcricket.co.uk/crictionary/explore/badger
^ ^a ^b "Umpires won't offer light to batsmen". ESPNcricinfo. 30 September 2010.
^ Hoult, Nick (6 March 2017). "MCC to publish gender-neutral redraft of the laws of cricket - but 'batsman' keeps its place". The Telegraph. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
^ Gates, Zachary (8 December 2015). "In an era of change, the draw must remain in Test cricket". The Roar. Retrieved 10 September 2019.
^ Knox, Malcolm (23 August 2013). "England resurrect the lost art of batting for a draw". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 10 September 2019.
^ "Rules of Beach Cricket". Topendsports.com. Retrieved 2 August 2013.
^ "Change to Law 41.7 (from 1st April 2019)" (PDF). Lord's. Marylebone Cricket Club. 13 November 2018. Retrieved 17 February 2020. There is no longer a 'catch-all' sanction, but umpires are instead required to use their best judgement to determine whether a delivery is dangerous. If it is dangerous, it will lead to a first and final warning. If not, it will still be a No ball, but there will be no warning.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Eastaway, p. 120.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Hawk-eye innovations". Hawk-eye innovations. Retrieved 2 August 2013.
^ Westerby, John (2014). "Banished to Boothill". ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 4 April 2016.
^ Green, Jonathon (2013). "Boot Hill". Dictionary of Jargon. Routledge Revivals. Abingdon-on-Thames: Routledge. p. 73. ISBN 9781317908180. Retrieved 4 April 2016.
^ "Laws of Cricket | Lord's". Lords.org. Archived from the original on 25 November 2012. Retrieved 2013-08-02.
^ "ICC Official Website – International Twenty20 Regulations" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 2 August 2013.
^ "Cameo – A Cricket Term From". Sportspundit.com. Retrieved 2 August 2013.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Eastaway, p. 121.
^ "Laws of Cricket: Law 32 (Caught)". Lords.org. Archived from the original on 25 December 2012. Retrieved 2013-08-02.
^ "ICC Classification of Official Cricket" (pdf). International Cricket Council. 1 October 2017: 9. Retrieved 17 October 2017. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
^ Williamson, Martin (20 May 2006). "The record that never was". ESPNcricinfo. ESPN. Archived from the original on 5 January 2012. Retrieved 13 February 2012.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Eastaway, p. 122.
^ Kirkpatrick, E. M., ed. (1983). Chambers 20th Century Dictionary (New Edition 1983 ed.). Edinburgh: W & R Chambers Ltd. p. 296. ISBN 0-550-10234-5.
^ Madigan, Ken. Cricket Tales. p. 64. ISBN 9780359625024.
^ Swapnil Shireesh Javkhedkar (1 July 1019). "CWC 2019: No international game is a dead rubber says Usman Khawaja before South Africa match". Circle Of Cricket. Retrieved 7 August 2019.
^ Sam Sheringham (3 April 2014). "World Twenty20 2014: The secret of death bowling". BBC. Retrieved 23 August 2019.
^ "2008/09 KFC Twenty20 Big Bash - 15th Twenty20: RTA SpeedBlitz Bluesv VB Victorian Bushrangers: ANZ Stadium, 2009-01-17 00:00". ls.cricket.com.au. Archived from the original on 20 January 2009.
^ Michael Jeh (21 August 2014). "It's home advantage, not doctored pitches". ESPN Cricinfo. Retrieved 12 July 2015.
^ Briggs, Simon (9 December 2010). "The Ashes 2010: Hawk-Eye founder claims rival system is not being so eagle-eyed". Retrieved 7 August 2019. Virtual Eye — or 'Eagle Eye', as it is known in Australia — has been developed by a New Zealand-based company, Animation Research Ltd, and has provided ball-tracking services for series in Australia, New Zealand and Zimbabwe.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Eastaway, p. 123.
^ "Records / All cricket records (including minor cricket) / Miscellaneous records / Bowling speeds (1)". ESPNCricInfo.com.
^ "A batsman's nightmare: The fourth stump line". Sportwalk. 26 June 2015. Archived from the original on 27 June 2015. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
^ Law 34.1: Out hit the ball twice
^ Law 37.3: Obstructing a ball from being caught
^ Derek Pringle (27 March 2013). "New Zealand v England: Andy Flower blames bowlers' inability to swing the ball for poor series". The Telegraph. London, England. Retrieved 8 August 2015.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Ashok, Kumar. Dph Sports Series Cricket Discovery Publishing House, 1999 ISBN 9788171414741
^ Hotten, Jon (11 April 2018). "The Little Yellow Bible gets the treatment". Wisden. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
^ ^a ^b Kartikeya Date (10 June 2019). "Keep wickets in hand or go hard? A look at the first 25 years of ODI history". ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 29 January 2020.
^ "Mullygrubber". Lexico Dictionaries. Retrieved 17 February 2020.
^ Jo Harman (15 August 2014). "England v India: Support Acts Find Their Voice". Archived from the original on 14 July 2015. Retrieved 14 July 2015.
^ Morgan, James (25 November 2019). "Embarrassed - Day 5 At Mount Maunganui". The Full Toss. Retrieved 24 January 2020. It was a nothing shot – a careless effort. It's amazing how often shots lacking conviction ricochet back onto the stumps.
^ "Off the mark definition". Sportspundit.com. Retrieved 2 August 2013.
^ "Definition of opening bowler". Collins English Dictionary. Retrieved 24 November 2014.
^ Aaditya Narayan. "Men with the golden arm – Top 5 part-time bowlers in world cricket". Sportskeeda.
^ "Smith and Ponting get their heads around referrals". Content-aus.cricinfo.com. Retrieved 2 August 2013.
^ "Runners abolished, ODI and run-out laws tweaked". ESPNcricinfo. 27 June 2011. Retrieved 25 July 2011.
^ Phil Lutton (18 November 2013). "Gabba Test to be haunted by 2002 coin toss". Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 18 July 2015.
^ [1]^{[permanent dead link]}
^ "Definition of stonewaller". The Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia. Retrieved 2 March 2010.
^ Minihane, Joe (2 July 2013). "Cricket tech: Stump-cam". MSN Tech UK. MSN. Archived from the original on 13 December 2013. Retrieved 8 December 2013.
^ "ICC to end Supersubs experiment". Cricinfo. 15 February 2006.
^ "Home-ground advantage concerns could lead to ICC abandoning coin toss on first morning of Test match". news.com.au. 18 May 2018. Retrieved 8 July 2018.
^ The Wisden Dictionary of Cricket, Third edition, Michael Rundell, A & C Black, London, 2006
^ Rundell, Michael (2009). The Wisden Dictionary of Cricket (2009). A & C Black. ISBN 9781408101612.
^ "Laws of Cricket – Laws & Spirit – Lord's". Lords.org. Archived from the original on 20 February 2010. Retrieved 16 June 2011.
^ A wagon wheel of Adam Gilchrist's innings of 102 not out, Australia v England, 3rd Test, Perth, 16 December 2006 from CricInfo retrieved 11 May 2008
^ Laws of Cricket (2017 edition) Law 31.7 "An umpire shall intervene if satisfied that a batsman, not having been given out, has left the wicket under a misapprehension of being out.

References

Printed sources:

Eastaway, R. What is a Googly^{[full citation needed]}
Booth, Lawrence Arm-ball to Zooter. A sideways look at the language of cricket, pub. 2006, Penguin. ISBN 0-14-051581-X
Rundell, Michael The Wisden Dictionary of Cricket, Third edition, A & C Black, London, 2006. ISBN 0-7136-7915-8
Piesse, Ken the Extraordinary Book of Australian Cricket,Penguin,Australia.

Websites:

A glossary of cricket terms from CricInfo
Glossary of cricket terms from the England Cricket Board
Cricket Academy – Glossary from BBC News
"fielding positions" from CricInfo

[cric-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj ^ak ^al ^am ^an ^ao ^ap ^aq ^ar ^as ^at ^au ^av ^aw ^ax ^ay ^az ^ba ^bb ^bc ^bd ^be ^bf ^bg ^bh ^bi ^bj ^bk ^bl ^bm ^bn ^bo ^bp ^bq ^br ^bs ^bt ^bu ^bv ^bw ^bx ^by ^bz ^ca ^cb ^cc ^cd ^ce ^cf ^cg ^ch ^ci ^cj ^ck ^cl ^cm ^cn ^co ^cp ^cq ^cr ^cs ^ct ^cu ^cv ^cw ^cx ^cy ^cz ^da ^db ^dc "A glossary of cricket terms". ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 13 May 2008.

[ecb-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q Glossary of cricket terms Archived 28 May 2008 at the Wayback Machine from the England Cricket Board retrieved 13 May 2008

[bbc-3] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t Cricket Academy – Glossary from BBC News retrieved 13 May 2008

[e1-4] Eastaway, p. 1.

[wisden_dict-5] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q Rundell, Michael. The Wisden Dictionary of Cricket (3rd ed.). A. & C. Black. p. 67. ISBN 9781408101612.

[6] Booth, pp. 2–3

[et_terms-7] Majid, Abdul (29 April 2015). "Did you know these sports terms?". The Express Tribune. Retrieved 18 February 2020.

[barclays-8] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ Barclays World of Cricket – 2nd Edition, 1980, Collins Publishers, ISBN 0-00-216349-7, pp 636–643.

[9] Booth, pp. 10–11

[barclays3-10] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y Barclays World of Cricket – 3rd Edition, 1986, Guild Publishing/Willow Books (Collins), pp693–700.

[e119-11] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Eastaway, p. 119.

[12] ttps://www.rubiconcricket.co.uk/crictionary/explore/badger

[light-13] "Umpires won't offer light to batsmen". ESPNcricinfo. 30 September 2010.

[14] Hoult, Nick (6 March 2017). "MCC to publish gender-neutral redraft of the laws of cricket - but 'batsman' keeps its place". The Telegraph. Retrieved 30 January 2020.

[15] Gates, Zachary (8 December 2015). "In an era of change, the draw must remain in Test cricket". The Roar. Retrieved 10 September 2019.

[16] Knox, Malcolm (23 August 2013). "England resurrect the lost art of batting for a draw". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 10 September 2019.

[17] "Rules of Beach Cricket". Topendsports.com. Retrieved 2 August 2013.

[18] "Change to Law 41.7 (from 1st April 2019)" (PDF). Lord's. Marylebone Cricket Club. 13 November 2018. Retrieved 17 February 2020. There is no longer a 'catch-all' sanction, but umpires are instead required to use their best judgement to determine whether a delivery is dangerous. If it is dangerous, it will lead to a first and final warning. If not, it will still be a No ball, but there will be no warning.

[e120-19] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Eastaway, p. 120.

[Hawk-eye_innovations-20] "Hawk-eye innovations". Hawk-eye innovations. Retrieved 2 August 2013.

[21] Westerby, John (2014). "Banished to Boothill". ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 4 April 2016.

[22] Green, Jonathon (2013). "Boot Hill". Dictionary of Jargon. Routledge Revivals. Abingdon-on-Thames: Routledge. p. 73. ISBN 9781317908180. Retrieved 4 April 2016.

[23] "Laws of Cricket | Lord's". Lords.org. Archived from the original on 25 November 2012. Retrieved 2013-08-02.

[24] "ICC Official Website – International Twenty20 Regulations" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 2 August 2013.

[25] "Cameo – A Cricket Term From". Sportspundit.com. Retrieved 2 August 2013.

[e121-26] Eastaway, p. 121.

[27] "Laws of Cricket: Law 32 (Caught)". Lords.org. Archived from the original on 25 December 2012. Retrieved 2013-08-02.

[28] "ICC Classification of Official Cricket" (pdf). International Cricket Council. 1 October 2017: 9. Retrieved 17 October 2017. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

[29] Williamson, Martin (20 May 2006). "The record that never was". ESPNcricinfo. ESPN. Archived from the original on 5 January 2012. Retrieved 13 February 2012.

[e122-30] Eastaway, p. 122.

[31] Kirkpatrick, E. M., ed. (1983). Chambers 20th Century Dictionary (New Edition 1983 ed.). Edinburgh: W & R Chambers Ltd. p. 296. ISBN 0-550-10234-5.

[32] Madigan, Ken. Cricket Tales. p. 64. ISBN 9780359625024.

[33] Swapnil Shireesh Javkhedkar (1 July 1019). "CWC 2019: No international game is a dead rubber says Usman Khawaja before South Africa match". Circle Of Cricket. Retrieved 7 August 2019.

[34] Sam Sheringham (3 April 2014). "World Twenty20 2014: The secret of death bowling". BBC. Retrieved 23 August 2019.

[35] "2008/09 KFC Twenty20 Big Bash - 15th Twenty20: RTA SpeedBlitz Bluesv VB Victorian Bushrangers: ANZ Stadium, 2009-01-17 00:00". ls.cricket.com.au. Archived from the original on 20 January 2009.

[36] Michael Jeh (21 August 2014). "It's home advantage, not doctored pitches". ESPN Cricinfo. Retrieved 12 July 2015.

[37] Briggs, Simon (9 December 2010). "The Ashes 2010: Hawk-Eye founder claims rival system is not being so eagle-eyed". Retrieved 7 August 2019. Virtual Eye — or 'Eagle Eye', as it is known in Australia — has been developed by a New Zealand-based company, Animation Research Ltd, and has provided ball-tracking services for series in Australia, New Zealand and Zimbabwe.

[e123-38] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Eastaway, p. 123.

[39] "Records / All cricket records (including minor cricket) / Miscellaneous records / Bowling speeds (1)". ESPNCricInfo.com.

[40] "A batsman's nightmare: The fourth stump line". Sportwalk. 26 June 2015. Archived from the original on 27 June 2015. Retrieved 7 August 2015.

[41] Law 34.1: Out hit the ball twice

[42] Law 37.3: Obstructing a ball from being caught

[43] Derek Pringle (27 March 2013). "New Zealand v England: Andy Flower blames bowlers' inability to swing the ball for poor series". The Telegraph. London, England. Retrieved 8 August 2015.

[Ashok-44] Ashok, Kumar. Dph Sports Series Cricket Discovery Publishing House, 1999 ISBN 9788171414741

[45] Hotten, Jon (11 April 2018). "The Little Yellow Bible gets the treatment". Wisden. Retrieved 11 November 2019.

[milking-46] Kartikeya Date (10 June 2019). "Keep wickets in hand or go hard? A look at the first 25 years of ODI history". ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 29 January 2020.

[47] "Mullygrubber". Lexico Dictionaries. Retrieved 17 February 2020.

[48] Jo Harman (15 August 2014). "England v India: Support Acts Find Their Voice". Archived from the original on 14 July 2015. Retrieved 14 July 2015.

[49] Morgan, James (25 November 2019). "Embarrassed - Day 5 At Mount Maunganui". The Full Toss. Retrieved 24 January 2020. It was a nothing shot – a careless effort. It's amazing how often shots lacking conviction ricochet back onto the stumps.

[50] "Off the mark definition". Sportspundit.com. Retrieved 2 August 2013.

[Collins_English_Dictionary_-_Definition_of_opening_bowler-51] "Definition of opening bowler". Collins English Dictionary. Retrieved 24 November 2014.

[52] Aaditya Narayan. "Men with the golden arm – Top 5 part-time bowlers in world cricket". Sportskeeda.

[ciref-53] "Smith and Ponting get their heads around referrals". Content-aus.cricinfo.com. Retrieved 2 August 2013.

[54] "Runners abolished, ODI and run-out laws tweaked". ESPNcricinfo. 27 June 2011. Retrieved 25 July 2011.

[55] Phil Lutton (18 November 2013). "Gabba Test to be haunted by 2002 coin toss". Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 18 July 2015.

[56] [1]^{[permanent dead link]}

[57] "Definition of stonewaller". The Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia. Retrieved 2 March 2010.

[MSN_Tech_UK_-_2_July_2013_-_Cricket_tech:_Stump-cam-58] Minihane, Joe (2 July 2013). "Cricket tech: Stump-cam". MSN Tech UK. MSN. Archived from the original on 13 December 2013. Retrieved 8 December 2013.

[59] "ICC to end Supersubs experiment". Cricinfo. 15 February 2006.

[60] "Home-ground advantage concerns could lead to ICC abandoning coin toss on first morning of Test match". news.com.au. 18 May 2018. Retrieved 8 July 2018.

[wisdic3-61] The Wisden Dictionary of Cricket, Third edition, Michael Rundell, A & C Black, London, 2006

[Wisden_Dictionary_of_Cricket_-_2009_edition_-_Trimmer-62] Rundell, Michael (2009). The Wisden Dictionary of Cricket (2009). A & C Black. ISBN 9781408101612.

[63] "Laws of Cricket – Laws & Spirit – Lord's". Lords.org. Archived from the original on 20 February 2010. Retrieved 16 June 2011.

[64] A wagon wheel of Adam Gilchrist's innings of 102 not out, Australia v England, 3rd Test, Perth, 16 December 2006 from CricInfo retrieved 11 May 2008

[65] Laws of Cricket (2017 edition) Law 31.7 "An umpire shall intervene if satisfied that a batsman, not having been given out, has left the wicket under a misapprehension of being out.

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