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Hugo Award for Best Fanzine

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Hugo Award for Best Fanzine
DescriptionThe best non-professional magazine devoted primarily to science fiction or fantasy
Presented byWorld Science Fiction Society
First awarded1955
Currently held bySF Signal (edited by John DeNardo)
Websitethehugoawards.org

The Hugo Awards are given every year by the World Science Fiction Society for the best science fiction or fantasy works and achievements of the previous year. The award is named after Hugo Gernsback, the founder of the pioneering science fiction magazine Amazing Stories, and was once officially known as the Science Fiction Achievement Award.[1] The award has been described as "a fine showcase for speculative fiction" and "the best known literary award for science fiction writing".[2][3] The Hugo Award for Best Fanzine was given each year for non professionally edited magazines, or "fanzines", related to science fiction or fantasy, published in English, and which has published four or more issues with at least one issue appearing in the previous calendar year.[4] Awards were also once given out for professional magazines in the professional magazine category, and since 1984 have been awarded for semi-professional magazines in the semiprozine category; several magazines that were nominated for or won the fanzine category have gone on to be nominated for or win the semiprozine category since it was established.

The award was first presented in 1955, and has been given annually since except for in 1958. A "fanzine" is defined for the award as a magazine that does not meet the Hugo award's criteria for a professional or semi-professional magazine. Specifically, it must meet less than two of the five Hugo criteria for consideration as a semiprozine: that the magazine had an average press run of at least one thousand copies per issue, paid its contributors and/or staff in other than copies of the publication, provided at least half the income of any one person, had at least fifteen percent of its total space occupied by advertising, and announced itself to be a semiprozine.[5] This is the oldest long-running Hugo award for fan activity; in 1967 Hugo Awards were added specifically for fan writing and fan art. In addition to the regular Hugo awards, beginning in 1996 Retrospective Hugo Awards, or "Retro Hugos", have been available to be awarded for years 50, 75, or 100 years prior in which no awards were given.[6] To date, Retro Hugo awards have been awarded for 1946, 1951, and 1954, and the fanzine category has been included each year.[7]

Hugo Award nominees and winners are chosen by supporting or attending members of the annual World Science Fiction Convention (Worldcon), and the presentation evening constitutes its central event. The selection process is defined in the World Science Fiction Society Constitution as instant-runoff voting with five nominees, except in the case of a tie. These five works on the ballot are the five most-nominated by members that year, with no limit on the number of works that can be nominated. The 1955 and 1956 awards did not include any recognition of runner-up magazines, but since 1957 all of the candidates were recorded.[6] Initial nominations are made by members in January through March, while voting on the ballot of five nominations is performed roughly in April through July, subject to change depending on when that year's Worldcon is held.[8] Worldcons are generally held near the start of September, and are held in a different city around the world each year.[1][9]

During the 60 nomination years, including Retro Hugo years, 98 magazines run by 127 editors have been nominated. Of these, 4 magazines run by 49 editors have won, including ties. Locus has won 8 times out of 13 nominations, the most wins of any magazine. Mimosa has won 6 of 14 nominations and File 770 has won 6 of 29, the most nominations of any magazine. Ansible has won 5 out of 11 and Science Fiction Review has won 4 of 11; they are the only other magazines to win more than twice. Challenger has the most nominations without winning at 12; the next highest is FOSFAX with 7. As editor of Locus Charles N. Brown has won 8 of 13 nominations, though he shared 8 of those awards with Dena Brown. Richard E. Geis has won 6 of 14 nominations for his work on Science Fiction Review, Psychotic, and The Alien Critic; Mike Glyer has won 6 of 29 for editing File 770; David Langford has won 5 of 12 for work on Ansible and Twil-Ddu; and Richard Lynch and Nicki Lynch have both won 6 of 14 nominations for Mimosa. Guy H. Lillian III has the most nominations without winning at 12 for Challenger.

Winners and nominees

In the following table, the years correspond to the date of the ceremony, rather than when the work was first published. Each date links to the "year in literature" article corresponding with when the work was eligible. Entries with a blue background won the award for that year; those with a white background are the other nominees on the short-list. Note that two magazines are listed under multiple names: Zenith was renamed to Zenith Speculation and later to Speculation, while Algol was renamed to Starship; no other nominated magazine has undergone a name change during the period the award has been active.[10][11] Those magazines are sorted under the first name they were nominated as.

  *   Winners and joint winners

Year Work Editor(s) Ref
1955 Fantasy-Times* James V. Taurasi, Sr. and Ray Van Houten [12]
1956 Inside* (tie) Ron Smith [13]
1956 Science Fiction Advertiser* (tie) Ron Smith [13]
1957 Science-Fiction Times* James V. Taurasi, Sr., Ray Van Houten and Frank R. Prieto, Jr. [14]
1957 Hyphen Walt Willis and Chuck Harris [14]
1957 Inside Ron Smith [14]
1959 Fanac* Terry Carr and Ron Ellik [15]
1959 Cry of the Nameless F. M. Busby, Elinor Busby, Burnett Toskey and Wally Weber [15]
1959 Hyphen Walt Willis and Chuck Harris [15]
1959 JD-Argassy Lynn A. Hickman [15]
1959 Science-Fiction Times James V. Taurasi, Sr., Ray Van Houten and Frank R. Prieto, Jr. [15]
1959 Yandro Robert Coulson and Juanita Coulson [15]
1960 Cry of the Nameless* F. M. Busby, Elinor Busby, Burnett Toskey and Wally Weber [16]
1960 Fanac Terry Carr and Ron Ellik [16]
1960 JD-Argassy Lynn A. Hickman [16]
1960 Science-Fiction Times James V. Taurasi, Sr., Ray Van Houten and Frank R. Prieto, Jr. [16]
1960 Yandro Robert Coulson and Juanita Coulson [16]
1961 Who Killed Science Fiction?* Earl Kemp [17]
1961 Discord Redd Boggs [17]
1961 Fanac Terry Carr and Ron Ellik [17]
1961 Habakkuk Bill Donaho [17]
1961 Shangri L'Affaires Bjo Trimble and John Trimble [17]
1961 Yandro Robert Coulson and Juanita Coulson [17]
1962 Warhoon* Richard Bergeron [18]
1962 Amra George H. Scithers [18]
1962 Axe Larry T. Shaw and Noreen Shaw [18]
1962 Cry F. M. Busby, Elinor Busby, and Wally Weber [18]
1962 Yandro Robert Coulson and Juanita Coulson [18]
1963 Xero* Richard A. Lupoff and Pat Lupoff [19]
1963 Mirage Jack L. Chalker [19]
1963 Shangri L'Affaires Fred Patten, Albert Lewis, Bjo Trimble, and John Trimble [19]
1963 Warhoon Richard Bergeron [19]
1963 Yandro Robert Coulson and Juanita Coulson [19]
1964 Amra* George H. Scithers [20]
1964 ERB-dom Camille Cazedessus, Jr. [20]
1964 Starspinkle Ron Ellik [20]
1964 Yandro Robert Coulson and Juanita Coulson [20]
1965 Yandro* Robert Coulson and Juanita Coulson [21]
1965 Double: Bill Bill Bowers and Bill Mallardi [21]
1965 Zenith Peter R. Weston [21]
1966 ERB-dom* Camille Cazedessus, Jr. [22]
1966 Double: Bill Bill Bowers and Bill Mallardi [22]
1966 Niekas Edmund R. Meskys and Felice Rolfe [22]
1966 Yandro Robert Coulson and Juanita Coulson [22]
1966 Zenith Speculation Peter R. Weston [22]
1967 Niekas* Edmund R. Meskys and Felice Rolfe [23]
1967 Australian SF Review John Bangsund [23]
1967 Lighthouse Terry Carr [23]
1967 Habakkuk Bill Donaho [23]
1967 Riverside Quarterly Leland Sapiro [23]
1967 Trumpet Tom Reamy [23]
1967 Yandro Robert Coulson and Juanita Coulson [23]
1968 Amra* George H. Scithers [24]
1968 Australian SF Review John Bangsund [24]
1968 Lighthouse Terry Carr [24]
1968 ODD Raymond "Duggie" Fisher [24]
1968 Psychotic Richard E. Geis [24]
1968 Yandro Robert Coulson and Juanita Coulson [24]
1969 Science Fiction Review* Richard E. Geis [25]
1969 Riverside Quarterly Leland Sapiro [25]
1969 Shangri L'Affaires Ken Rudolph [25]
1969 Trumpet Tom Reamy [25]
1969 Warhoon Richard Bergeron [25]
1970 Science Fiction Review* Richard E. Geis [26]
1970 BeABohema Frank Lunney [26]
1970 Locus Charles N. Brown [26]
1970 Riverside Quarterly Leland Sapiro [26]
1970 Speculation Peter R. Weston [26]
1971 Locus* Charles N. Brown and Dena Brown [27]
1971 Energumen Michael Glicksohn and Susan Wood Glicksohn [27]
1971 Outworlds Bill Bowers and Joan Bowers [27]
1971 Science Fiction Review Richard E. Geis [27]
1971 Speculation Peter R. Weston [27]
1972 Locus* Charles N. Brown and Dena Brown [28]
1972 Energumen Michael Glicksohn and Susan Wood Glicksohn [28]
1972 Granfalloon Ron Bushyager and Linda Bushyager [28]
1972 SF Commentary Bruce Gillespie [28]
1973 Energumen* Michael Glicksohn and Susan Wood Glicksohn [29]
1973 Algol Andrew I. Porter [29]
1973 Granfalloon Ron Bushyager and Linda Bushyager [29]
1973 Locus Charles N. Brown and Dena Brown [29]
1973 SF Commentary Bruce Gillespie [29]
1974 The Alien Critic* (tie) Richard E. Geis [30]
1974 Algol* (tie) Andrew I. Porter [30]
1974 Locus Charles N. Brown and Dena Brown [30]
1974 Outworlds Bill Bowers and Joan Bowers [30]
1975 The Alien Critic* Richard E. Geis [31]
1975 Algol Andrew I. Porter [31]
1975 Locus Charles N. Brown and Dena Brown [31]
1975 Outworlds Bill Bowers and Joan Bowers [31]
1975 SF Commentary Bruce Gillespie [31]
1975 Starling Hank Luttrell and Lesleigh Luttrell [31]
1976 Locus* Charles N. Brown and Dena Brown [32]
1976 Algol Andrew I. Porter [32]
1976 Don-O-Saur Don C. Thompson [32]
1976 Outworlds Bill Bowers [32]
1976 Science Fiction Review Richard E. Geis [32]
1977 Science Fiction Review* Richard E. Geis [33]
1977 Locus Charles N. Brown and Dena Brown [33]
1977 Mythologies Don D'ammassa [33]
1977 Outworlds Bill Bowers [33]
1977 The Spanish Inquisition Suzanne Tompkins and Jerry Kaufman [33]
1978 Locus* Charles N. Brown and Dena Brown [34]
1978 Don-O-Saur Don C. Thompson [34]
1978 Janus Janice Bogstad and Jeanne Gomoll [34]
1978 Maya Rob Jackson [34]
1978 Science Fiction Review Richard E. Geis [34]
1979 Science Fiction Review* Richard E. Geis [35]
1979 Janus Janice Bogstad and Jeanne Gomoll [35]
1979 Maya Rob Jackson [35]
1979 Mota Terry Hughes [35]
1979 Twll-Ddu David Langford [35]
1980 Locus* Charles N. Brown [36]
1980 File 770 Mike Glyer [36]
1980 Janus Janice Bogstad and Jeanne Gomoll [36]
1980 Science Fiction Review Richard E. Geis [36]
1980 Thrust Doug Fratz [36]
1981 Locus* Charles N. Brown [37]
1981 File 770 Mike Glyer [37]
1981 Science Fiction Chronicle Andrew I. Porter [37]
1981 Science Fiction Review Richard E. Geis [37]
1981 Starship Andrew I. Porter [37]
1982 Locus* Charles N. Brown [38]
1982 File 770 Mike Glyer [38]
1982 Science Fiction Chronicle Andrew I. Porter [38]
1982 Science Fiction Review Richard E. Geis [38]
1983 Locus* Charles N. Brown [39]
1983 Fantasy Newsletter Robert A. Collins [39]
1983 File 770 Mike Glyer [39]
1983 Science Fiction Chronicle Andrew I. Porter [39]
1983 Science Fiction Review Richard E. Geis [39]
1984 File 770* Mike Glyer [40]
1984 Ansible David Langford [40]
1984 Holier Than Thou Marty Cantor and Robbie Cantor [40]
1984 Izzard Patrick Nielsen Hayden and Teresa Nielsen Hayden [40]
1984 The Philk Fee-Nom-Ee-Non Paul J. Willett [40]
1985 File 770* Mike Glyer [41]
1985 Ansible David Langford [41]
1985 Holier Than Thou Marty Cantor and Robbie Cantor [41]
1985 Mythologies Don D'ammassa [41]
1985 Rataplan Leigh Edmonds [41]
1986 Lan's Lantern* George "Lan" Laskowski [42]
1986 Anvil Charlotte Proctor [42]
1986 Greater Columbia Fantasy Costumers Guild Newsletter Bobby Gear [42]
1986 Holier Than Thou Marty Cantor and Robbie Cantor [42]
1986 Universal Translator Susan Bridges [42]
1987 Ansible* David Langford [43]
1987 File 770 Mike Glyer [43]
1987 Lan's Lantern George "Lan" Laskowski [43]
1987 Texas SF Inquirer Pat Mueller [43]
1987 Trap Door Robert Lichtman [43]
1988 Texas SF Inquirer* Pat Mueller [44]
1988 File 770 Mike Glyer [44]
1988 FOSFAX Timothy Lane [44]
1988 Lan's Lantern George "Lan" Laskowski [44]
1988 The Mad 3 Party Leslie Turek [44]
1989 File 770* Mike Glyer [45]
1989 FOSFAX Timothy Lane [45]
1989 Lan's Lantern George "Lan" Laskowski [45]
1989 Niekas Edmund R. Meskys [45]
1989 OtherRealms Chuq Von Rospach [45]
1990 The Mad 3 Party* Leslie Turek [46]
1990 File 770 Mike Glyer [46]
1990 FOSFAX Timothy Lane [46]
1990 Lan's Lantern George "Lan" Laskowski [46]
1990 Pirate Jenny Pat Mueller [46]
1991 Lan's Lantern* George "Lan" Laskowski [47]
1991 File 770 Mike Glyer [47]
1991 FOSFAX Timothy Lane and Janice Moore [47]
1991 Mainstream Jerry Kaufman and Suzanne Tompkins [47]
1991 Mimosa Richard Lynch and Nicki Lynch [47]
1992 Mimosa* Richard Lynch and Nicki Lynch [48]
1992 File 770 Mike Glyer [48]
1992 FOSFAX Timothy Lane and Janice Moore [48]
1992 Lan's Lantern George "Lan" Laskowski [48]
1992 Trap Door Robert Lichtman [48]
1993 Mimosa* Richard Lynch and Nicki Lynch [49]
1993 File 770 Mike Glyer [49]
1993 FOSFAX Timothy Lane and Janice Moore [49]
1993 Lan's Lantern George "Lan" Laskowski [49]
1993 STET Leah Zeldes Smith and Dick Smith [49]
1994 Mimosa* Richard Lynch and Nicki Lynch [50]
1994 Ansible David Langford [50]
1994 File 770 Mike Glyer [50]
1994 Lan's Lantern George "Lan" Laskowski [50]
1994 STET Leah Zeldes Smith and Dick Smith [50]
1995 Ansible* David Langford [51]
1995 File 770 Mike Glyer [51]
1995 Habakkuk Bill Donaho [51]
1995 Lan's Lantern George "Lan" Laskowski [51]
1995 Mimosa Richard Lynch and Nicki Lynch [51]
1996 Ansible* David Langford [52]
1996 Apparatchik Andrew Hooper and Victor Gonzalez [52]
1996 Attitude Michael Abbott, John Dallman, and Pam Wells [52]
1996 FOSFAX Timothy Lane and Elizabeth Garrott [52]
1996 Lan's Lantern George "Lan" Laskowski [52]
1996 Mimosa Richard Lynch and Nicki Lynch [52]
1997 Mimosa* Richard Lynch and Nicki Lynch [53]
1997 Ansible David Langford [53]
1997 File 770 Mike Glyer [53]
1997 Nova Express Lawrence Person [53]
1997 Tangent David Truesdale [53]
1998 Mimosa* Richard Lynch and Nicki Lynch [54]
1998 Ansible David Langford [54]
1998 Attitude Michael Abbott, John Dallman, and Pam Wells [54]
1998 File 770 Mike Glyer [54]
1998 Tangent David Truesdale [54]
1999 Ansible* David Langford [55]
1999 File 770 Mike Glyer [55]
1999 Mimosa Richard Lynch and Nicki Lynch [55]
1999 Plokta Alison Scott, Steve Davies, and Mike Scott [55]
1999 Tangent David Truesdale [55]
1999 Thyme Alan Stewart [55]
2000 File 770* Mike Glyer [56]
2000 Ansible David Langford [56]
2000 Challenger Guy H. Lillian III [56]
2000 Mimosa Richard Lynch and Nicki Lynch [56]
2000 Plokta Alison Scott, Steve Davies, and Mike Scott [56]
2001 File 770* Mike Glyer [57]
2001 Challenger Guy H. Lillian III [57]
2001 Mimosa Richard Lynch and Nicki Lynch [57]
2001 Plokta Alison Scott, Steve Davies, and Mike Scott [57]
2001 STET Leah Zeldes Smith and Dick Smith [57]
2002 Ansible* David Langford [58]
2002 Challenger Guy H. Lillian III [58]
2002 File 770 Mike Glyer [58]
2002 Mimosa Richard Lynch and Nicki Lynch [58]
2002 Plokta Alison Scott, Steve Davies, and Mike Scott [58]
2003 Mimosa* Richard Lynch and Nicki Lynch [59]
2003 Challenger Guy H. Lillian III [59]
2003 Emerald City Cheryl Morgan [59]
2003 File 770 Mike Glyer [59]
2003 Plokta Alison Scott, Steve Davies, and Mike Scott [59]
2004 Emerald City* Cheryl Morgan [60]
2004 Challenger Guy H. Lillian III [60]
2004 File 770 Mike Glyer [60]
2004 Mimosa Richard Lynch and Nicki Lynch [60]
2004 Plokta Alison Scott, Steve Davies, and Mike Scott [60]
2005 Plokta* Alison Scott, Steve Davies, and Mike Scott [61]
2005 Banana Wings Claire Brialey and Mark Plummer [61]
2005 Challenger Guy H. Lillian III [61]
2005 Chunga Randy Byers, Andy Hooper, and Carl Juarez [61]
2005 Emerald City Cheryl Morgan [61]
2006 Plokta* Alison Scott, Steve Davies, and Mike Scott [62]
2006 Banana Wings Claire Brialey and Mark Plummer [62]
2006 Challenger Guy H. Lillian III [62]
2006 Chunga Randy Byers, Andy Hooper, and Carl Juarez [62]
2006 File 770 Mike Glyer [62]
2007 Science-Fiction Five-Yearly* Lee Hoffman, Geri Sullivan, and Randy Byers [63]
2007 Banana Wings Claire Brialey and Mark Plummer [63]
2007 Challenger Guy H. Lillian III [63]
2007 The Drink Tank Christopher Garcia [63]
2007 Plokta Alison Scott, Steve Davies, and Mike Scott [63]
2008 File 770* Mike Glyer [64]
2008 Argentus Steven H Silver [64]
2008 Challenger Guy H. Lillian III [64]
2008 The Drink Tank Christopher Garcia [64]
2008 Plokta Alison Scott, Steve Davies, and Mike Scott [64]
2009 Electric Velocipede* John Klima [65]
2009 Argentus Steven H Silver [65]
2009 Banana Wings Claire Brialey and Mark Plummer [65]
2009 Challenger Guy H. Lillian III [65]
2009 The Drink Tank Christopher Garcia [65]
2009 File 770 Mike Glyer [65]
2010 StarShipSofa* Tony C. Smith [66]
2010 Argentus Steven H Silver [66]
2010 Banana Wings Claire Brialey and Mark Plummer [66]
2010 Challenger Guy H. Lillian III [66]
2010 The Drink Tank Christopher Garcia and James Bacon [66]
2010 File 770 Mike Glyer [66]
2011 The Drink Tank* Christopher Garcia and James Bacon [67]
2011 Banana Wings Claire Brialey and Mark Plummer [67]
2011 Challenger Guy H. Lillian III [67]
2011 File 770 Mike Glyer [67]
2011 StarShipSofa Tony C. Smith [67]
2012 SF Signal* John DeNardo [68]
2012 Banana Wings Claire Brialey and Mark Plummer [68]
2012 The Drink Tank Christopher Garcia and James Bacon [68]
2012 File 770 Mike Glyer [68]
2012 Journey Planet James Bacon and Christopher Garcia [68]

Retro Hugos

Beginning with the 1996 Worldcon, the World Science Fiction Society created the concept of "Retro Hugos", in which the Hugo award could be retroactively awarded for 50, 75, or 100 years prior. Retro Hugos may only be awarded for years in which a Worldcon was hosted, but no awards were originally given.[6][Note 1] Retro Hugos have been awarded three times, for 1946, 1951, and 1954. All three of these awards were given 50 years later.[7] The next year that Retro Hugos can be awarded is 2014, for 1939.[6]

Year Year awarded Work Editor(s) Ref
1946 1996 Voice of the Imagi-Nation* Forrest J. Ackerman [69]
1946 1996 The Acolyte Francis Towner Laney [69]
1946 1996 Chanticleer Walt Liebscher [69]
1946 1996 Fantasy Commentator A. Langley Searles [69]
1946 1996 Shangri L'Affaires Charles E. Burbee and Gerald Hewitt [69]
1951 2001 Science Fiction Newsletter* Wilson Tucker [70]
1951 2001 The Fanscient Donald B. Day [70]
1951 2001 Quandry Lee Hoffman [70]
1951 2001 Sky Hook Redd Boggs [70]
1951 2001 Slant Walt Willis and James White [70]
1951 2001 Spacewarp Art Rapp [70]
1954 2004 Slant* Walt Willis and James White [71]
1954 2004 Hyphen Walt Willis and Chuck Harris [71]
1954 2004 Quandry Lee Hoffman [71]
1954 2004 Science Fiction Newsletter Wilson Tucker [71]
1954 2004 Sky Hook Redd Boggs [71]

Notes

  1. ^ Although no "Best Fanzine" Hugo was awarded at the 1958 convention, Hugos were awarded in other categories, hence there was no "Retro Hugo" for 1958 awarded in 2008.

References

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