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McCartney II

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McCartney II is the second solo studio album by English musician Paul McCartney, released on 16 May 1980. It was recorded mostly alone by McCartney at his home studio in 1979 shortly before the dissolution of his band Wings in 1981. The album is a significant departure for McCartney, as much of it relies heavily on synthesizers and studio experimentation, while its music style ranges from synth-pop and new wave to electronica. It remains a cult favourite.[1]

Background

After the release of what turned out to be Wings' final album, Back to the Egg, McCartney went north to his farm in Scotland to begin some private recordings in July 1979.[2] "Check My Machine" samples dialogue from the 1957 Tweety and Sylvester cartoon Tweet Zoo. By sessions' end, he had recorded over 20 songs. With no immediate use for the recordings, he put them aside for the time being and returned to work with Wings to prepare for a UK tour that November and December. Simultaneously with the performances (which included the new "Coming Up"), McCartney released his first solo single since 1971, the Christmas-themed "Wonderful Christmastime", backed with "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reggae", which charted at No. 6 in the UK[3] but only No. 83 in the US.[4] The A-side was recorded during the McCartney II sessions, while its flip side had been cut in 1975. However, upcoming events were about to change McCartney's plans with Wings.

Paul McCartney being interviewed by two reporters holding microphones.
McCartney being interviewed at Amsterdam's Schiphol Airport, January 1980

After years of visa refusals due to his past arrests for marijuana possession, Japan had finally allowed McCartney, and thus Wings, to perform. It would be the first instance McCartney had performed in the country since he had done so with the Beatles in 1966, and anticipation was running high with Wings' tour completely sold out. However, upon his arrival in Tokyo on 16 January 1980, a search of McCartney's luggage revealed a bag containing 219 grams of marijuana, prompting his immediate arrest and eventually cancelling the tour. After a nine-day jail stay, McCartney was released and returned home to his Scottish farm. Deciding to put Wings on hold while he contemplated his future, he now decided to issue his solo recordings from the previous summer.[5]

Music and lyrics

McCartney II was named in follow-up to his debut album McCartney (1970) because McCartney plays all instruments on both albums;[6] he has also since stated that he had specifically hired a 16-track machine and "a couple of microphones" with which to record this album, adding that he had himself alternately played the drums used in several recording in either the kitchen or bathroom in order to achieve the echo he sought on particular songs.[7]

Featuring arrangements that are heavy on synthesisers, McCartney II has been said to represent McCartney's "acceptance of new wave,"[6] and has been described as "airless proto-electronica."[8] The album is often experimental, with most of its songs having been described as strange "eccentric synthpop".[9] Although McCartney denies any direct influences on the album,[1] he admired the "eccentricity" and "not-mainstream attitude" of Talking Heads' David Byrne.[10] McCartney was also inspired by experimental composers John Cage, Cornelius Cardew and Luciano Berio; McCartney explained: "I went to their concerts in London because I had plenty of time on my hands so it was the kind of thing I would go and see. Again, just to see what it was about, not necessarily because I was a massive fan. It was more like: what is a prepared piano? Oh, that's what it is. You know, funky stuff like that."[10]

According to Stephen Dalton of The Quietus, parts of the album are reminiscent of krautrock and "the whole post-punk disco boom", and described most of the album as "an alluringly weird mash-up of trip-hop, Krautrock and synth-pop."[1] McCartney said that, "rather than me emulating anyone, it was more a question of me seeing what I could do with it. And again, not necessarily thinking I was making an album, just to have some time to experiment. These days I would say that with The Fireman project. So I've always been into that – if you go from 'Tomorrow Never Knows' through McCartney I, McCartney II, The Fireman…"[1] Many of most synthesised tracks are instrumentals which have been described as ambient; journalist Stephen Thomas Erlewine compared them "to a sprightly variation" of the instrumentals from the second side of Low (1977) by David Bowie, albeit with a warmer, less menacing sound.[11]

Lead single "Coming Up" – an uplifting dance number – appeared that April with a video (Paul playing all the bandmates, dubbed 'The Plastic Macs', except for the backing singers (played by Linda)) and with two B-sides by Wings: "Coming Up (Live at Glasgow)", recorded during Wings' December 1979 show there, and the piano laden instrumental "Lunch Box/Odd Sox" (a Venus and Mars outtake). An immediate UK No. 2 hit, "Coming Up" was flipped over for the live Wings version in the US where it became another No. 1 for McCartney, greatly raising hopes for his first solo album proper in years. The live Wings version of "Coming Up" was also included as a one-sided 7-inch single in copies of McCartney II within the US and Canada.[citation needed]

"Temporary Secretary" features frantic synthesizer lines and lyrics about requiring a secretary of any skill level for a short period of time. McCartney dubbed the song an "experiment," saying that he found the concept of a temporary secretary humorous. "Temporary Secretary" was released as a 12" single in Britain, backed with the experimental non-album track "Secret Friend." The single was only released in a quantity of 25,000 copies, failing to make an impact on the charts. The single artwork was created by Jeff Cummins of Hipgnosis.[12] The song was performed live for the first time at the London O2 Arena on 23 May 2015.[13]

Critical reception

Professional ratings
Contemporary reviews
Review scores
SourceRating
Robert ChristgauC[14]
Marshall Fine(unfavourable)[15]
Los Angeles Times(unfavourable)[16]
Rolling Stone(unfavourable)[17]
Smash Hits5/10[18]
Sounds(favourable)[19]
Professional ratings
Retrospective reviews
Review scores
SourceRating
AllMusic[6]
Encyclopedia of Popular Music[20]
The Essential Rock Discography5/10[21]
MusicHound3/5[22]
Pitchfork7.2/10[9]
Q[23]
The Quietus(favourable)[24]
Record Collector[25]
The Rolling Stone Album Guide[26]

McCartney II was released in mid-May to mostly negative reviews; many critics found the album, with its experimental, synth-based compositions and its handful of instrumentals, slight. Record World magazine described the album as "arguably the least well-received solo work of any Beatle."[27]

In the UK the album debuted at number one in the UK album chart, McCartney's first number-one since Venus and Mars in 1975[3] and EMI reported the album was on track to equal the sales of Band on the Run.[28] The second single from the album, "Waterfalls", was also successful in the UK, reaching number nine in the singles chart.[3] In the US, initial sales were strong based on the strength of the hit single "Coming Up" and the album reached number three in its second week on the Billboard album chart where it remained for five weeks.[29] "Waterfalls" went virtually unnoticed in the US, only "bubbling under" the Billboard Hot 100 at number 106 for one week. Without a second hit single, the album quickly dropped down the charts and was off the Billboard chart after 19 weeks, McCartney's shortest run since Wild Life and it was one of McCartney's lowest-selling albums in the US to date.[30]

The initial issue of this album on compact disc featured "Check My Machine" and "Secret Friend" as bonus tracks. The two songs were originally released as the B-sides of "Waterfalls" and "Temporary Secretary", respectively. In 1993, McCartney II was remastered and reissued on CD as part of "The Paul McCartney Collection" series with Wings' 1979 hit "Goodnight Tonight" added as a third bonus track.

When the new remastered version was released on 13 June 2011 as part of the Paul McCartney Archive Collection,[31] the album re-entered the UK charts at number 108.[32]

Accolades

In 2003, Mojo placed the album at number 26 on their list of the "Top 50 Eccentric Albums".[33] In 2011, NME included the album on their list of "101 Albums to Hear Before You Die," whose list entries were selected by different musicians; McCartney II was picked by Austin Williams of Swim Deep.[34]

In 2018, Pitchfork ranked it at number 186 in their list of "The 200 Best Albums of the 1980s". They called it a "strange, guileless wisp of a synth-pop record" and wrote that although "[o]riginally derided as a novelty, McCartney II is now remarkable in its prescience of the lo-fi and bedroom pop movements."[35]

Influence

McCartney II was described as an influence on Hot Chip's album Made in the Dark (2008), especially with songs like "Wrestlers", "Bendable Poseable", "Whistle for Will" and "We're Looking for a Lot of Love".[36] "Now There Is Nothing" from the band's later album In Our Heads (2012) has been described as a homage to McCartney II, with their guitarist Al Doyle explaining the song has "quite deliberately quirky time signature changes and key changes and these sort of very wandering harmonies — very typical of that period and McCartney productions."[37] Alexis Taylor of the group has described McCartney II as one of his favourite albums of all time.[10] The album has also been championed by multiple other musicians such as disc jockey Erol Alkan, Chris Carter of Throbbing Gristle, Gruff Rhys of Super Furry Animals and Ty Bulmer of New Young Pony Club.[10]

The "crystalline keyboard motif" in the intro of "Frozen Jap" was described as predicting Kraftwerk's 1981 song "Computer Love".[1] "Temporary Secretary", meanwhile, although dismissed or ignored by critics at the time of release, has more recently acquired a cult following "as a futuristic milestone in early British electronica" and is considered a "cult techno-pop classic."[1]

Track listing

All songs written by Paul McCartney.

Side one
No.TitleLength
1."Coming Up"3:53
2."Temporary Secretary"3:14
3."On the Way"3:38
4."Waterfalls"4:43
5."Nobody Knows"2:52
Side two
No.TitleLength
6."Front Parlour"3:32
7."Summer's Day Song"3:25
8."Frozen Jap"3:40
9."Bogey Music"3:27
10."Darkroom"2:20
11."One of These Days"3:35
Bonus tracks
1993 The Paul McCartney Collection bonus tracks
No.TitleLength
12."Check My Machine"5:52
13."Secret Friend"10:30
14."Goodnight Tonight"4:21

2011 remaster

In 2011 the album was re-issued by Hear Music/Concord Music Group as part of the second set of releases, alongside McCartney, in the Paul McCartney Archive Collection. It was released in various formats:[38]

  • Standard Edition 1-CD; the original 11-track album
  • Special Edition 2-CD; the original 11-track album on the first disc, plus 8 bonus tracks on a second disc[39]
  • Deluxe Edition 3-CD/1-DVD; the original 11-track album, the bonus tracks disc, a limited and numbered 128-page book containing many previously unpublished images by Linda McCartney. The book features album and single artwork and a full history of the making of the album, complete with a new interview with Paul and expanded track by track information. The DVD features rare and previously unseen footage (including rehearsal footage of "Coming Up" and a new video for the unreleased track "Blue Sway")[40]
  • Remastered vinyl 2-LP version containing the Special Edition and a download link to the material[41]
  • High Resolution 24bit 96 kHz limited and unlimited audio versions of all 27 songs on the remastered album and bonus audio discs
Disc 1

The original 11-track album.

Disc 2 – Bonus Audio 1
  1. "Blue Sway" (with Richard Niles Orchestration) – 4:35
    Previously unreleased
  2. "Coming Up" (Live at the Apollo Theatre, Glasgow – 17 December 1979) – 4:08
  3. "Check My Machine" (Regular Single B-side Edited Version) – 5:50
  4. "Bogey Wobble" – 2:59
    Previously unreleased
  5. "Secret Friend (Full Length Version)" – 10:31
  6. "Mr H Atom" / "You Know I'll Get You Baby" – 5:55
    Previously unreleased
  7. "Wonderful Christmastime" (Regular A-side Version) – 3:47
  8. "All You Horse Riders" / "Blue Sway" – 10:15
    Previously unreleased
Disc 3 – Bonus Audio 2
  1. "Coming Up" [Full Length Version] – 5:34
  2. "Front Parlour" [Full Length Version] – 5:15
  3. "Frozen Jap" [Full Length Version] – 5:43
  4. "Darkroom" [Full Length Version] – 3:45
  5. "Check My Machine" [Full Length Version] – 8:58
  6. "Wonderful Christmastime" [Full Length Version] – 4:15
  7. "Summer's Day Song" [Original without vocals] – 3:25
  8. "Waterfalls" (DJ edit) – 3:20
Disc 4 – DVD
  1. "Meet Paul McCartney"
  2. "Coming Up"
    Music video
  3. "Waterfalls"
    Music video
  4. "Wonderful Christmastime"
    Music video
  5. "Coming Up"
    Live at Concert for the People of Kampuchea – 29 December 1979
  6. "Coming Up"
    Taken from a rehearsal session at Lower Gate Farm, 1979
  7. "Making the Coming Up Music Video"
  8. "Blue Sway"
    Music video

Personnel

Charts

Weekly charts

Notes

  • A^ Until January 1987, Japanese albums chart had been separated into LP, CD, and cassette charts. McCartney II also entered the cassette chart, peaking at number 13.
  • B^ Combined sales of LP and audio cassette.

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f Dalton, Stephen (14 June 2011). "Check His Machine: Paul McCartney Interviewed On McCartney II". The Quietus. Retrieved 28 November 2016.
  2. ^ "Paul McCartney's 'McCartney II' Turns 35 Years Old: How It Foretold The Sound Of 1980s Pop - NME". NME. 15 May 2015. Retrieved 7 November 2016.
  3. ^ a b c "Official Charts: Paul McCartney". The Official UK Charts Company. Retrieved 31 October 2013.
  4. ^ Whitburn, Joel (2015). The Comparison Book (1954–1982). Wisconsin: Record Research Inc. p. 333. ISBN 0-89820-213-2.
  5. ^ "Paul McCartney is released from a Tokyo jail and deported from Japan - Jan 25, 1980 - HISTORY.com". HISTORY.com. Retrieved 7 November 2016.
  6. ^ a b c https://www.allmusic.com/album/r12654
  7. ^ McCartney: Songwriter ISBN 0-491-03325-7 p. 126
  8. ^ Paphides, Pete (1 February 2008). "Hot Chip: Made in the Dark". The Times. Retrieved 9 June 2016. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  9. ^ a b "Paul McCartney: McCartney / McCartney II | Album Reviews". Pitchfork. 15 June 2011.
  10. ^ a b c d Turner, Luke (15 June 2011). "McCartney II: Paul McCartney Interviewed By Other Artists". The Quietus. Retrieved 28 November 2016.
  11. ^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas (8 May 2016). "Paul Plays Synths: When Classic Rockers Embraced the New Wave". Cuepoint. Retrieved 28 November 2016.
  12. ^ The end of the Beatles? ISBN 978-0-876-50162-7 p. 104
  13. ^ "Paul McCartney teams with Dave Grohl, performs "Temporary Secretary" for first time — watch". 24 May 2015.
  14. ^ "CG: Paul McCartney". Robert Christgau. 14 June 2007.
  15. ^ Fine, Marshall "McCartney shames self with solo effort" San Bernardino County Sun (Gannett News Service) 22 June 1980: 44
  16. ^ Hilburn, Robert. "McCartney's One-Man Show" Los Angeles Times 7 June 1980: C5
  17. ^ Holden, Stephen (24 July 1980). "Paul McCartney hits new low — again". Rolling Stone. New York, New York: Straight Arrow Publishers Inc. Retrieved 30 November 2016.
  18. ^ Starr, Red. "Albums". Smash Hits (29 May – 11 June 1980): 30.
  19. ^ Sutcliffe, Phil. "Paul McCartney: McCartney II" Sounds 17 May 1980
  20. ^ Larkin, Colin (2006). The Encyclopedia of Popular Music (4th edn). New York, NY: Oxford University Press. p. 1257. ISBN 0-19-531373-9.
  21. ^ Strong, Martin C. (2006). The Essential Rock Discography. Edinburgh, UK: Canongate. p. 696. ISBN 978-184195-827-9.
  22. ^ Graff and Durchholz, p. 730.
  23. ^ Nicol, Jimmy (October 1993). "Re-releases: Paul McCartney The Paul McCartney Collection". Q. p. 119.
  24. ^ "Reviews | Paul McCartney". The Quietus.
  25. ^ "Paul McCartney – McCartney II CD". CD Universe/Muze. Retrieved 15 November 2014.
  26. ^ "Paul McCartney: Album Guide". rollingstone.com. Archived from the original on 4 July 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  27. ^ Graham, Samuel; Sutherland Sam. "The Coast" Record World 27 December 1980: 63
  28. ^ "International" Cash Box 2 August 1980: 35
  29. ^ a b "Paul McCartney - Chart history - Billboard".
  30. ^ Whitburn, Joel. Top Pop Albums 1955–2001 (2001) p. 563
  31. ^ "27 April 2011: McCartney and McCartney II reissue details announced - The Beatles Bible".
  32. ^ Chart Log UK – New Entries Update 25.06.2011 (week 24)
  33. ^ "Mojo - 100 greatest singles of all time".
  34. ^ NME 17 May 2014 edition.
  35. ^ "The 200 Best Albums of the 1980s". Pitchfork. 10 September 2018. p. 1. Retrieved 27 September 2018.
  36. ^ Paphides, Pete (1 February 2008). "Hot Chip: Made in the Dark". The Times. Retrieved 3 July 2008. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  37. ^ Marchese, David (22 June 2012). "Mr. T to Paul McCartney: Hot Chip Reveal What's In Their Heads". Spin. Retrieved 28 November 2016.
  38. ^ http://www.paulmccartney.com/web/guest/album-details?p_p_id=AlbumDetails_WAR_AlbumDetailsportlet&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&p_p_col_id=column-1&p_p_col_count=1&p_r_p_564233524_tag=album-mccartney+ii&#p_AlbumDetails_WAR_AlbumDetailsportlet Archived 6 September 2012 at the Wayback Machine #TOP
  39. ^ "Paul McCartney – McCartney II (CD, Album) at Discogs". Discogs.com. Retrieved 31 July 2012.
  40. ^ "Paul McCartney – McCartney II (CD, Album) at Discogs". Discogs.com. Retrieved 31 July 2012.
  41. ^ "Paul McCartney – McCartney II (Vinyl, LP, Album, LP) at Discogs". Discogs.com. Retrieved 31 July 2012.
  42. ^ a b Kent, David (1993). Australian Chart Book 1970–1992. St Ives, N.S.W.: Australian Chart Book. ISBN 0-646-11917-6.
  43. ^ "Paul McCartney – Tug of War – austriancharts.at". Retrieved 3 May 2013.
  44. ^ "Top Albums/CDs – Volume 33, No. 20" (PHP). RPM. 9 August 1980. Retrieved 3 May 2012.
  45. ^ "dutchcharts.nl Paul McCartney – McCartney II". dutchcharts.nl. MegaCharts. Retrieved 3 May 2013.
  46. ^ "InfoDisc : Tous les Albums classés par Artiste > Choisir Un Artiste Dans la Liste". infodisc.fr. Archived from the original on 28 December 2010. Retrieved 3 May 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  47. ^ "Album Search: Paul McCartney – McCartney II" (ASP) (in German). Media Control. Retrieved 10 October 2013.
  48. ^ a b "Hit Parade Italia – Gli album più venduti del 1980" (in Italian). hitparadeitalia.it. Retrieved 3 May 2013.
  49. ^ a b Oricon Album Chart Book: Complete Edition 1970–2005. Roppongi, Tokyo: Oricon Entertainment. 2006. ISBN 4-87131-077-9.
  50. ^ "charts.org.nz Paul McCartney – McCartney II". Recording Industry Association of New Zealand. Retrieved 3 May 2013.
  51. ^ "norwegiancharts.com Paul McCartney – McCartney II". VG-lista. Retrieved 3 May 2013.
  52. ^ Salaverri, Fernando (September 2005). Sólo éxitos: año a año, 1959–2002 (1st ed.). Spain: Fundación Autor-SGAE. ISBN 84-8048-639-2.
  53. ^ "swedishcharts.com Paul McCartney – McCartney II". Retrieved 3 May 2013.
  54. ^ "Number 1 Albums – 1980s". The Official Charts Company. Archived from the original on 9 February 2008. Retrieved 27 June 2011.
  55. ^ "lescharts.com Paul McCartney – McCartney". lescharts.com. SNEP. Retrieved 3 May 2013.
  56. ^ ポール・マッカートニー-リリース-ORICON STYLE-ミュージック "Highest position and charting weeks of McCartney II (2011 reissues) by Paul McCartney". oricon.co.jp (in Japanese). Oricon Style. Retrieved 3 May 2013. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  57. ^ "spanishcharts.com – Paul McCartney – McCartney". Retrieved 3 May 2013.
  58. ^ "Take That progress back to the top of album charts". musicweek.com. Retrieved 31 August 2011.
  59. ^ "Music Albums, Top 200 Albums & Music Album Charts". Billboard.com. Retrieved 31 August 2011.
  60. ^ "Paul McCartney - Chart history - Billboard".
  61. ^ "RPM Top 100 Albums of 1980". RPM. 20 December 1980. Retrieved 31 January 2014. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  62. ^ "Les Albums (CD) de 1980 par InfoDisc" (in French). infodisc.fr. Archived from the original (PHP) on 9 January 2016. Retrieved 29 January 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  63. ^ "日本で売れた洋楽アルバムトップ23" [Top-23 international albums on the Japanese Oricon Year-End Charts of 1980]. Archived from the original on 19 February 2007. Retrieved 21 October 2009.
  64. ^ "Complete UK Year-End Album Charts". Archived from the original on 11 January 2012. Retrieved 2 September 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  65. ^ "British album certifications – Paul McCartney – McCartney II". British Phonographic Industry. Select albums in the Format field. Select Gold in the Certification field. Type McCartney II in the "Search BPI Awards" field and then press Enter.
  66. ^ "American album certifications – Paul McCartney – Mc Cartney II". Recording Industry Association of America.
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