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Random Access Memories

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Random Access Memories is the fourth studio album by French electronic music duo Daft Punk. It was released by the duo's imprint Daft Life, under exclusive license to Columbia Records, on 17 May 2013. The album pays tribute to the late 1970s and early 1980s era of music in the United States, particularly the sounds that emerged from Los Angeles. This sentiment is reflected in the gradual promotional rollout for the album that included billboards, television advertisements, and a web series.

Unlike their previous studio albums, Daft Punk recruited session musicians to record live instrumentation in professional studio locations. The duo limited the use of electronic instruments to drum machines, a custom-built modular synthesizer, and vintage vocoders. The album features collaborations with Panda Bear, Julian Casablancas, Todd Edwards, DJ Falcon, Chilly Gonzales, Giorgio Moroder, Nile Rodgers, Paul Williams, and Pharrell Williams. Random Access Memories is the duo's most critically and commercially successful album to date, scoring 87/100 on Metacritic, and debuting at number one in twenty countries.

Background

Conception

Daft Punk began experimenting with material for a fourth studio album in 2008, while they were working on the Tron: Legacy score.[1][2] Thomas Bangalter mentioned at the time: "Making music for a movie is very humbling. We’ve been working on some of our music concurrently."[2] The duo was dissatisfied with the Random Access Memories demos, in which synthesizers were prominently featured. Daft Punk eventually decided to work with live musicians: "We wanted to do what we used to do with machines and samplers, but with people." The duo avoided the use of samples on the album, with the exception of the closing track "Contact".[1]

The idea was really having this desire for live drums, as well as questioning, really, why and what is the magic in samples? [...] It occurred to us it’s probably a collection of so many different parameters; of amazing performances, the studio, the place it was recorded, the performers, the craft, the hardware, recording engineers, mixing engineers, the whole production process of these records that took a lot of effort and time to make back then.

—Thomas Bangalter, regarding the album's conception[3]

The album features Chic frontman Nile Rodgers, who commented that a collaboration was "something we've [Daft Punk and Rodgers] talked about for a long time. We've respected each other endlessly."[4] Daft Punk eventually visited Rodgers' home for an informal jam session, and an official collaboration was later confirmed and completed.[5] Singer-songwriter Paul Williams announced in a 2010 interview that he had worked with the group.[6][7] Daft Punk was introduced to Williams by a sound engineer with whom they were mutually acquainted.[8]

In May 2012 Daft Punk's collaboration with Giorgio Moroder was announced—Moroder recorded a monologue about his life in a vocal booth that contained various microphones with origin dates that ranged from the 1960s to the 21st century. The recording engineer later revealed that each microphone was used to represent the different decades contained in Moroder's life monologue[9] and stated that, while most listeners would not be able to distinguish between each microphone, Bangalter would know the difference.[10] Rodgers was also present during the Moroder recording session.[9] Moroder clarified that he was not involved in the composition of the track or its use of a synthesizer: "They did not let me get involved at all. Thomas asked me if I wanted to tell the story of my life. Then they would know what to do with it."[11] Daft Punk had been in contact with Moroder in relation to a possible contribution for the Tron: Legacy score, but this never eventuated.[12]

Chilly Gonzales stated in an interview that his contribution was recorded in a one-day session: "I played for hours and they’re gonna grab what they grab and turn it into whatever."[13] He explained that Daft Punk prompted him at the piano in the same manner that a film director coaches an actor, and Gonzales left the Los Angeles studio without knowledge of what the final product would sound like.[14] Gonzales previously recorded a cover version of Daft Punk's song "Too Long" that appeared on the 2003 album Daft Club.

Pharrell Williams collaborated with Daft Punk and Rodgers by providing vocals for two tracks on Random Access Memories.[1] As a member of The Neptunes, Pharrell had previously provided a remix of "Harder, Better, Faster, Stronger" that appeared on Daft Club. The Neptunes and Daft Punk also co-produced N.E.R.D.'s song "Hypnotize U".[15]

Recording

Electric Lady Studios, one of the five studios where the album was recorded

Recording took place at Henson Recording Studios, Conway Recording Studios and Capitol Studios in California, Electric Lady Studios in New York City, and Gang Recording Studio in Paris, France.[16][17][18][19] Daft Punk enlisted various musicians of the 1970s and 80s, which they consider the most appealing era for them. Bangalter clarified that, "it's not that we can't make crazy futuristic sounding stuff, but we wanted to play with the past". The duo noted that the session players were enthusiastic to reunite in the context of the new album and the perceived elegance of the studio locations.[1][18] Daft Punk conveyed their ideas to the musicians via sheet music and in some instances by humming melodies.[20] Bangalter recalled an example in which he hummed a complex drum and bass line to Omar Hakim, who replicated and improved upon it for the track "Giorgio by Moroder".[21]

Most of the vocal sessions took place in Paris, whereas the rhythm sections were recorded in the United States.[1] The album incorporates a variety of accompanying performances including a horn section, woodwind instruments, a string orchestra and choir.[22][23] Orchestral parts in particular were recorded for almost every track, but were only included on a few songs in the final product.[20] The use of such performers and places came at great monetary expense, as noted by Bangalter: "There used to be a time where people that had means to experiment would do it, you know? That's what this record is about."[22] He estimated a cost of over one million dollars, but felt that the number was not important.[24] Todd Edwards recalled that the microphone he sang on for his contribution to the album is "more than my car is worth" and had previously been used by Frank Sinatra.[25] Bangalter stated that the sessions were financed by Daft Punk themselves, which allowed them the luxury of abandoning the project if they had so wished.[26] He also specified that, "There are songs on the album that traveled into five studios over two and a half years."[1]

Various sound effects were newly recorded with the help of film experts from Warner Bros. Bangalter noted one example in which the sound of a busy restaurant was achieved by placing microphones in front of the forks of a group of people.[27] In another instance, the effect of dripping water was recorded on a soundstage.[28] Use of electronics was limited to drum machines that appear on only two tracks, a large custom-built Modcan modular synthesizer performed live by the duo, and vintage vocoders.[1][28] When asked which of the two Daft Punk members performed the robotic vocals on the album, Bangalter expressed that it did not matter.[22] The duo produced most of the vocoder tracks in their own private studio in Paris, with later processing done by Mick Guzauski at Capitol.[29] Giorgio Moroder elaborated that Daft Punk would take "a week or so" to find an adequate vocoder sound, and an additional few days to record the lyrics.[10]

Although the duo felt that the presets and parameters of digital tools would inhibit creativity and innovation,[3] they admitted that Random Access Memories could not have been made in the complete absence of computer technology.[20] The sessions were recorded simultaneously onto Ampex reels and as Pro Tools tracks; Daft Punk and Guzauski would then listen to each recording in both analogue and digital iterations, deciding which of the two they preferred. Subsequently the elements were edited by the duo with Pro Tools in a manner similar to how they would work with samples.[29]

In an interview conducted in November 2012 by Guitar World magazine, Fourplay member Nathan East mentioned that he had contributed to the project.[30] The percussionist Quinn also stated that he performed on "every drum [he] own[s]" for the album.[31] Pedal steel guitar work on the record was performed by Greg Leisz. Daft Punk sought to use the instrument in a way that bordered between electronic and acoustic.[27] Additional session players include John "J.R." Robinson, Paul Jackson, Jr., James Genus, Thomas Bloch and Chris Caswell.[8][18][19][32]

Composition

Theme and influences

The album's title is said to encapsulate Daft Punk's interest in the past, referencing both random-access memory technology and the human experience. Bangalter explained the reasoning behind the name: "We were drawing a parallel between the brain and the hard drive – the random way that memories are stored."[1] Daft Punk felt that while current technology allows for an unlimited capacity to store recorded material, the content produced by contemporary artists has diminished in quality. Their goal was therefore to maximize the potential of infinite storage by recording a sprawling amount of elements. The duo pointed to the process as being further inspiration for the album's title, as they sought to make connections out of the random series of ideas.[26]

Regarding the style of the album, they sought a "west coast vibe", referencing such acts as Fleetwood Mac, The Doobie Brothers and the Eagles.[16] Daft Punk also acknowledged that the record pays homage to Michael Jackson, The Cars and Steely Dan. The recording of live synthesizer parts was done in a progressive rock fashion, with the pop sensibilities of Wizzard and The Move.[18] Daft Punk specifically looked to the album Rumours by Fleetwood Mac and The Dark Side of the Moon by Pink Floyd as models.[3] Bangalter felt that, "The most important records in music, whether it's Led Zeppelin [...] or The White Album or Sgt. Pepper's... or Quadrophenia or Tommy, are the ones that take you on a journey for miles and miles."[33]

Structure

Nile Rodgers appears on three songs on the album, including its lead single "Get Lucky".

The initial demos of Random Access Memories were created without a clear plan for an album.[1] Over the course of the sessions, numerous tracks were created and discarded.[26] At one point Daft Punk had considered sorting the entire album into one continuous track, similar to the Prince record Lovesexy. They had also considered releasing it as a four-disc box set to accommodate the large volume of content produced.[20] Thus the album lacked structure until the final months of production.[18]

The opening track, "Give Life Back to Music" features guitar work by Nile Rodgers and Paul Jackson, Jr., drums by John "J.R." Robinson, and lyrics performed by Daft Punk using vocoders.[34] The song reflects the duo's goal to create a light yet polished and elegant record.[8] As stated by NME, the album begins with "a stupendously vast rock intro that obliterates any trace of Human After All's brittle techno".[35] The following track, "The Game of Love" also features vocoder singing by the duo. Thomas Bangalter expressed that "There’s this thing today where the recorded human voice is processed to try to feel robotic." He explained that their intention was to produce robotic vocals with expressiveness and emotion.[1][8] "Giorgio by Moroder" was created to serve as a metaphor about musical freedom. The duo believed that a monologue by Giorgio Moroder about his career would be an analogue for music's history regarding exploration of genres and tastes.[8]

Chilly Gonzales was tasked with the creation of a transition on the song "Within" that would modulate to the key of subsequent tracks.

"Within" was one of the first tracks to be recorded for the album. It features Chilly Gonzales on piano with minimal accompaniment consisting of bass and a percussion track, as well as vocoder.[8][36] In the context of the album, "Within" marks the transition from the key of A minor of the previous three songs, to the key of B-flat minor of subsequent tracks.[37] Regarding the lyrics, Stevenson observed, "A deep vocoder sings about not understanding the world, being lost and not even remembering his own name."[23] Jeremy Abbott of Mixmag added that, "So many things I don’t understand is the prominent lyric and Chilly’s chords combined with grazing cymbals make for a beautiful summer lullaby."[38]

"Instant Crush" was based on a demo that Daft Punk presented to Julian Casablancas; he became enthused upon hearing it and provided vocals thereafter.[8] The song contains rock influences, a guitar solo,[36] and is considered "appropriately Strokes-ish, even if [Casablancas'] trademark drawl is fed quite substantially through a vocoder."[39] Guy-Manuel de Homem-Christo noted that, "It is true that it is not his usual register, it is the way Julian reacted to the track so for us it is even more exciting."[40] "Lose Yourself to Dance" features Pharrell Williams and was the result of a desire to create dance music with live drummers. To that end, Robinson appears as session player.[8][18] A vocoder chant of "come on" appears in the song alongside Pharrell's singing.[35]

"Touch" features lyrics written and performed by Paul Williams. Daft Punk noted that the song is the most complex piece on the record, being composed of over 250 elements.[8] As Pitchfork observed, "the song warps and bends, floating through genres, epochs, and emotions with a sense of hallucinatory wonder" and recalls The Beatles song "A Day in the Life".[20] The multitude of styles and science fiction aesthetics on the track is believed to be an homage to musical films including Phantom of the Paradise, the soundtrack of which Williams had composed.[36] The song's opening is a specific reference to a scene in the film in which the title character's voice is gradually enhanced in a studio booth.[21] De Homem-Christo expressed that "Touch" is "like the core of the record, and the memories of the other tracks are revolving around it."[20]

Get Lucky
Get Lucky is the first single and is one of the 2 songs that Pharrell Williams is featured in and one of the songs to feature Nile Rodgers who did guitar and also produced the album with Daft Punk.
Give Life Back To Music
Give Life Back To Music is the first song on the album and also features Nile Rodgers on guitar and uses live instruments during the recording processes.
Problems playing these files? See media help.

"Get Lucky" is the second song on the album to feature Pharrell, who clarified that the title phrase does not simply refer to a sexual act, but to the potential fortune of finding chemistry with another person. When he had first heard the song, Pharrell said it evoked the image of a "peachy color[ed]" sunrise on an exotic island.[41] Daft Punk discussed the concept of the song "Beyond" with Paul Williams, who then translated the ideas into lyrics for it. The track begins with an orchestral string section and timpani before settling into a segment that is said to resemble Michael McDonald's song "I Keep Forgettin'". The vocoder-affected lyrics detail "the existential world beyond oceans and mountains – a land beyond love."[23][35]

"Motherboard" was described by Daft Punk as being a futuristic composition, referencing the year "4000".[8] A review elaborated that the instrumental piece can "carry you away like a track by Sébastien Tellier".[36] Todd Edwards commented that the lyrics of "Fragments of Time" were inspired by his desire to capture the moments he experienced during his visit to the duo's studio sessions in California.[41] Daft Punk was grateful for Edwards' cut-up effects on the song, as the duo felt it had been lacking in electronic elements.[25] William Goodman of Fuse expressed "Fragments of Time" is "a total Hall & Oates nod and it's on a road to paradise".[42] "Doin' It Right" was the last song to be recorded and features vocals performed by Panda Bear. The duo referred to it as the only purely electronic piece on the album, with a modern style.[8]

The closing track, "Contact", was produced with DJ Falcon, who had previously worked with Bangalter as a duo called Together. The piece features a recording of captain Eugene Cernan from the Apollo 17 mission, in which he observes a flashing object from a window of his capsule.[8][34] It was later surmised that the particle was a discarded rocket stage.[43] "Contact" begins with a sample of "an Australian rock record"[1] that was later identified as "We Ride Tonight" by The Sherbs. From that point, the track is said to be composed of orchestral and synthesizer riffs,[34] progressive layers and concludes with a "sharp guitar chord".[36] Bangalter emphasized the choice of Cernan, the last man to leave the surface of the moon on the final Apollo mission, being used to end the album.[22]

Promotion

In January 2013, Guy-Manuel de Homem-Christo first revealed that Daft Punk was in the process of signing with Sony Music Entertainment through the Columbia Records label, and that the album would have a spring release. A report from The Guardian followed specifying a release date of May 2013.[44] On 26 February 2013, Daft Punk's official website and Facebook page announced the signing to Columbia with a picture of the duo's helmets, and a "Columbia" logo in the corner.[45] Billboards and posters featuring the helmets and logo have since appeared in several major cities.[46]

On 2 March, a 15-second television ad aired during Saturday Night Live depicting an animated, stylized version of the band's logo and the aforementioned image of the helmets.[47][48] The music featured in the ad was a result of the collaboration with Nile Rodgers, who noted that various fan remixes of the clip have appeared online since the airing.[4][49] A second TV ad also premiered that was similar to the first on Saturday Night Live, but with a different music clip and the title Random Access Memories in place of the stylized Daft Punk logo.[48] During the first night of Coachella Festival 2013, a third trailer debuted that featured Daft Punk, Pharrell and Rodgers performing, as well as a list of collaborators on the album.[50] The trailer also aired during Saturday Night Live the following evening, but without a list of collaborators.[51]

The gradual rollout of promotion was inspired by advertising of the past, reflecting the theme of the album.[1] Daft Punk approached Columbia with a specific agenda for the campaign; Rob Stringer of the label recalled that the duo had showed him the book Rock 'n' Roll Billboards of the Sunset Strip as an example of what they wanted.[52] Bangalter felt that physical billboards are more affecting than banner ads and that, "SNL is this part of American culture with a certain timelessness to it."[1] The campaign was handled by a small group led by Daft Punk and manager Paul Hahn, with assistance from Kathryn Frazier of the public-relations firm Biz 3.[52] Columbia in particular had been pursued by the duo because of its long-standing history, as expressed by Bangalter: "It felt interesting conceptually to write this story with a record company like Columbia, with a 125-year legacy."[28]

Central to the promotion was the limiting of exposure to the album's content, as well as a focus on face-to-face contact for press previews. As Hahn stated, "There is a minimalism in our approach that creates an absence of information, and we notice our fans tend to throw themselves into the breach, or try to fill the empty spaces."[52] The album's track titles were initially withheld from online retailers, and later revealed through Columbia's Vine account on 16 April 2013 as a video relaying a series of images.[53] Following a reported leak of the song days earlier, "Get Lucky" was released as a digital download single on 19 April 2013.[54] On 13 May, Daft Punk's official Vevo channel posted a video revealing the artwork packaging of the vinyl version of the album, as well as the first few seconds of the opening track.[55][56][57] Later that day, a limited-time preview stream of the full album was launched via the iTunes Store.[58][59]

Since the album's release, an unofficial remix album Daftside was released by Darkside, the musical partnership of producer Nicolas Jaar and musician Dave Harrington, in late June 2013.[60] Jaar has previously released remixes of Grizzly Bear and Brian Eno.[61]

The Collaborators

Excerpts of the lead single "Get Lucky", featuring Pharrell Williams, appear in The Collaborators.

The Random Access Memories official website features a video series called The Collaborators, directed by Ed Lachman and produced by The Creators Project, a partnership between Intel and Vice. Consisting of eight episodes so far, the series features interviews with all of the participant artists that were involved in the making of the album, as well as excerpts of the lead single "Get Lucky" in the opening and ending of each video as well as excerpts of other songs from the album, correspondent to each artist.

The first episode features disco pioneer Giorgio Moroder speaking about his experiences with the genre such as his records with Donna Summer and experimenting with synthesizers. Moroder also talks about his visit with Daft Punk in their recording studio. When asked how he first found out about the duo, he replied that he first heard their 2000 single "One More Time" and especially liked the breakdown middle section. He concluded that he views Daft Punk as "perfectionists" and described the album's style as "[...] something [...] different. Still dance, still electronic; but [they] give that human touch back".[10][62]

Episode two revealed that Todd Edwards had contributed to the album; he expressed that it was difficult keeping his involvement a secret. Edwards had previously collaborated with Daft Punk to create the song "Face to Face" on the 2001 album Discovery. He visited the sessions of Random Access Memories in California, where the duo were seeking a "west coast vibe" for the album. At the studio, Edwards was asked to implement his signature "cut-up" method of music production for a portion of a then-unspecified song, which was later identified as "Fragments of Time". The duo were pleased with the result, which served as the chorus section. He summarized his experience in the studio as being life-changing, as the sessions inspired him to move from New Jersey to California on a permanent basis. Edwards also pointed out the irony of "two androids [...] bringing soul back to music".[16][63]

The third episode features Nile Rodgers, who spoke of his background as a founding member of Chic as well as his numerous collaborations with other artists throughout his career, such as David Bowie, Madonna and Duran Duran. He expressed that working with Daft Punk "[felt] like [...] working with contemporaries" and that they motivated each other to excel when collaborating on the album. At the end of the episode, Rodgers played a portion of a then-unspecified song in which he participated, which was later identified as "Lose Yourself to Dance", and remarked that the duo's style has evolved whilst simultaneously exploring music's past, expressing that "they went back to go forward."[17][64]

Pharrell Williams participated in the fourth episode in which he elaborated on his experience with the creation of the album. Pharrell remarked upon the organic sound of the album, surmising that it "feels like the only click track they had was [...] the human heartbeat". He felt that the record can be enjoyed by people of all ages due to the accessible nature of music, and concluded with a small metaphor that Daft Punk "could just get back on the spaceship that brought them here and go, and leave us. But they're gracious, they're nice robots. They chose to stay".[41][65]

Panda Bear of Animal Collective provided vocals for the song "Doin' It Right".

Episode five features Noah Lennox, better known by his stage name Panda Bear, who spoke about his contribution to the album as well as his history with the band Animal Collective. He had first heard of Daft Punk through the music video of the song "Around the World", which introduced him to many aspects of electronic dance music. He added that Homework was one of the few albums he and his older brother both enjoyed. Regarding Random Access Memories, Lennox remarked upon the approach of having live musicians, but structuring their performances in a minimal, sample-like fashion.[66][67]

For the sixth episode, Chilly Gonzales spoke about his contribution to the album. He recalled Daft Punk's visible joy in listening to the raw session recordings made early in the production of the album, as well as the impending years-long challenge that would be faced in completing the record. Gonzales expressed that the duo were aware of how the keys of each song would contribute to the emotional progression of the album as a whole. He therefore performed the piano in the song "Within" to accommodate the cycle. Gonzales concluded by pointing out that Daft Punk rarely collaborate with others, and thus felt that they did so on Random Access Memories to "make the work be transcendent".[37][68]

The seventh episode features Stéphane Quême, otherwise known as DJ Falcon, who spoke of first meeting Daft Punk when the duo began recording their debut album Homework. Quême noted that when he worked on the track "Contact" with the duo in Paris, they felt that it needed something akin to a countdown, so they contacted NASA which gladly gave Daft Punk access to all of their mission recordings to sample. They settled on an excerpt where someone was called "Bob", as that was Quême's skating nickname when he was first introduced to Bangalter and de Homem-Christo. Quême noted that the group's sound has changed since their debut, and that each of their albums has had a distinct influence. He also felt that the recording of Random Access Memories was such that a producer could potentially sample a track from it in the same way that Daft Punk themselves had sampled older records in their previous albums. Quême concluded that the duo was always sincere and although their first single was released 20 years ago, it still feels modern.[69][70]

Episode eight features Paul Williams, who likened Daft Punk's personas to a character from the film Phantom of the Paradise, in which he starred. He also added that their masks hide who they are from the public, and allow the listeners to enjoy the music for what it is. Williams worked with the duo at Henson Recording Studios, the former studio of A&M Records where he had worked previously, including his compositions for Jim Henson's films featuring The Muppets, including "Rainbow Connection". He also stated that the song he penned was to be sung from the point of view of an unidentified first person, setting the emotion, but the lyrics came from the music itself. Williams said that he felt vulnerable while writing the record, and said he writes best when he's allowed to be honest and vulnerable, a situation that Daft Punk allowed. He also stated that his sobriety added a sense of wonder to the song he wrote, as every day for him ever being sober has been wonderful compared to his prior life of excess.[70][71]

Global album launch

The 79th Annual Wee Waa Show, held on 17 May 2013 in the rural Australian town of Wee Waa, was selected as the venue for the worldwide album launch.[72] The tickets for the Wee Waa album launch were completely sold within thirteen minutes of release, even though it was widely understood that Daft Punk would not be in attendance at the launch—the album launch details revealed that the album would be streamed live to the 4,000 audience members. Australian police in the local Wee Waa area initiated Operation Hadrian to prevent alcohol-related problems and anti-social behaviour at the launch event.[73]

Sony commissioned the design and construction of a custom-built stage for the Wee Waa album launch event, and the Daft Arts production house assembled a LED circular music space that became Australia's biggest ever outdoor dancefloor. Illuminated by a giant disco ball and complemented by four speaker towers and flood lights, the record label described the creation as "Saturday Night Fever meets Close Encounters of the Third Kind".[72][74] The prelude to the streaming of the album was a pyrotechnic show that was provided by Father Anthony Koppman and his company "Holy Smoke" from Guyra, New South Wales, Australia.[75]

Critical reception

Professional ratings
Aggregate scores
SourceRating
Metacritic87/100[76]
Review scores
SourceRating
Allmusic[77]
The A.V. ClubB+[78]
Chicago Tribune[79]
Entertainment WeeklyA[80]
The Guardian[81]
NME10/10[82]
Pitchfork8.8/10[83]
Rolling Stone[84]
Slant Magazine[85]
Spin8/10[86]

Random Access Memories received critical acclaim upon release. On Metacritic, which assigns a rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album gained an average score of 87, based on 47 reviews, indicating "universal acclaim".[76] Q referred to it as "by some margin Daft Punk's best album in a career that's already redefined dance music at least twice. It is, in short, a mind blower."[34] The Independent expressed that, "Random Access Memories breathes life into the safe music that dominates today’s charts, with its sheer ambition…It's an exciting journey, and one that, for all its musical twists and turns, has its feet planted on the dancefloor."[87] Melissa Maerz of Entertainment Weekly called it "a headphones album in an age of radio singles; a bravura live performance that stands out against pro forma knob-twiddling; a jazzy disco attack on the basic house beat; a full collaboration at a time when the superstar DJ stands alone." She concluded her review by saying that "if EDM is turning humans into robots, Daft Punk are working hard to make robot pop feel human again."[80]

Several critics commented on the variety of content on the album. NME said, "There's a creeping notion that every musical idea that's ever been so much as thought up is on this album."[35] Mark Richardson of Pitchfork echoed this sentiment, calling the record "a mix of disco, soft rock, and prog-pop, along with some Broadway-style pop bombast and even a few pinches of their squelching stadium-dance aesthetic". Richardson praised the engineering and recording on the album, but did say that "though everything about RAM, from the session musicians to the guests to the means of production, is meant to sound more 'human,' the album at points sounds more sterile, almost too perfect."[83] DJ Magazine commented on the shift in Daft Punk's musical style "While Daft Punk clearly want to move on and evolve, ditching the electronic beats, house and techno that first elevated them to fame, it's that music that forms the bedrock of their best tunes, and still, that's what they're best at making."[88] In a four-star review, Rolling Stone said of the album, "this is Daft Punk conjuring the musical era that first inspired them, when disco conquered the world with handcrafted grooves and prog-rock excess magnified emotions in black-lit bedrooms."[84] In a four-and-a-half star review, Heather Phares of Allmusic said that the record "taps into the wonder and excitement" of music from the 1970s and early 1980s. Phares concluded her review by saying, "Random Access Memories is also Daft Punk's most personal work, and richly rewarding for listeners willing to spend time with it."[77]

Aaron Payne of musicOMH wrote, "Daft Punk somehow misplace the wit and the light touch that's pretty much their trademark. Instead, these long epics become somewhat tedious and there is a strong whiff of egoism and self-indulgence.…At over 70 minutes, the album feels rather bloated. Quite a few of the songs are too long, or too empty of ideas, or too willing to repeat themselves, or too willing to play to type".[89] Dan Weiss of Paste took note of a perceptively incongruous critical reaction with the album, and addressed Sasha Frere-Jones' review which "insisted that this album asks, 'Does good music have to be good?' This is actually a very fitting koan for a duo whose consensus classic Discovery received low-to-middling marks from Pitchfork, Rolling Stone, AV Club and Village Voice in 2001." Speculating on the intentions of the album, he added: "It's a disco album, they agree on that, with a few theater pieces and suite-like formations boringly slotted as prog. Prog has surprise to it, whether it's a screwy time signature or a monkey-wrench key change or some other unconventional defiance of pop formula. But none of the admittedly eclectic pilferings of Random Access Memories challenge or defy anything. They all evoke specific eras of film soundtrack or disco trend. The beats have grown less, not more, complex over time."[90]

Commercial performance

Random Access Memories debuted at number one on the French Albums Chart with first-week sales of 195,013 copies (127,361 physical sales and 67,652 digital sales),[91] earning Daft Punk their first number-one album in France.[92] The next week, it sold 49,600 copies to remain at the top spot with a 75% sales decrease.[93] The album secured a third consecutive week atop the French chart, withstanding a 29% sales drop to 35,500 copies.[94]

Random Access Memories debuted atop the UK Albums Chart with 165,091 copies sold in its first week, becoming the duo's first UK number-one album, as well as the fastest-selling album of 2013 so far.[95][96] The album remained at number one on the UK chart the following week, selling 52,801 copies.[97] In its third week, it fell to number three on sales of 28,182 copies.[98]

In the United States, the album debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 with first-week sales of 339,000 copies, the duo's first number-one album on the chart and the second largest sales week of 2013 overall.[99] The album maintained the number-one spot in its second week, selling 93,000 copies.[100] In the album's third week of release, it sold an additional 62,000 copies, while falling to number two on the Billboard 200.[101] It has sold 614,000 copies in the US as of July 2013.[102]

Random Access Memories entered the Canadian Albums Chart at number one with 46,000 copies sold, the biggest one-week sales total so far in Canada of 2013.[103] The album remained at number one the next week, selling 17,000 copies.[104] In Japan, the album debuted at number three on the Oricon Weekly Albums Chart, selling 25,970 copies.[105]

The album debuted at number one in several countries across continental Europe, including Austria,[106] Belgium,[107] Czech Republic,[108] Denmark (where the album sold 5,392 copies in its first week),[109] Finland,[110] Germany,[111] Ireland,[112] Italy,[113] Norway,[114] Portugal,[115] Spain[116] and Switzerland.[117] In Oceania, Random Access Memories debuted at number one in Australia and New Zealand; it was certified Platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) and Gold by the Recording Industry Association of New Zealand (RIANZ) in its first week.[118][119]

Track listing

No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1."Give Life Back to Music"
4:34
2."The Game of Love"
  • Bangalter
  • de Homem-Christo
5:21
3."Giorgio by Moroder"
9:04
4."Within"
3:48
5."Instant Crush" (featuring Julian Casablancas)
  • Bangalter
  • Julian Casablancas
  • de Homem-Christo
5:37
6."Lose Yourself to Dance" (featuring Pharrell Williams)
  • Bangalter
  • de Homem-Christo
  • Rodgers
  • Pharrell Williams
5:53
7."Touch" (featuring Paul Williams)
8:18
8."Get Lucky" (featuring Pharrell Williams)
  • Bangalter
  • de Homem-Christo
  • Rodgers
  • Pharrell Williams
6:07
9."Beyond"
  • Bangalter
  • Caswell
  • de Homem-Christo
  • Paul Williams
4:50
10."Motherboard"
  • Bangalter
  • de Homem-Christo
5:41
11."Fragments of Time" (featuring Todd Edwards)
4:39
12."Doin' It Right" (featuring Panda Bear)
4:11
13."Contact"
6:21
Total length:74:24
Japanese edition bonus track
No.TitleWriter(s)Length
14."Horizon"
  • Bangalter
  • de Homem-Christo
4:24
Total length:78:48

Personnel

Production[19]
  • Bob Ludwig – mastering
  • Paul Hahn – management
  • Cédric Hervet – creative director, cover art
  • Warren Fu – cover art, illustrations
  • Mick Guzauski – recording, mixing engineer
  • Peter Franco – recording engineer
  • Florian Lagatta – recording engineer
  • David Lerner – digital audio engineer

Charts

Chart (2013) Peak
position
Australian Albums Chart[120] 1
Austrian Albums Chart[106] 1
Belgian Albums Chart (Flanders)[107] 1
Belgian Albums Chart (Wallonia)[121] 1
Canadian Albums Chart[122] 1
Croatian Albums Chart[123] 6
Czech Albums Chart[108] 1
Danish Albums Chart[124] 1
Dutch Albums Chart[125] 2
Estonian Albums Chart[126] 4
Finnish Albums Chart[110] 1
French Albums Chart[92] 1
German Albums Chart[127] 1
Greek Albums Chart[128] 3
Hungarian Albums Chart[129] 1
Irish Albums Chart[112] 1
Italian Albums Chart[113] 1
Japanese Albums Chart[105] 3
Mexican Albums Chart[130] 1
New Zealand Albums Chart[131] 1
Norwegian Albums Chart[114] 1
Polish Albums Chart[132] 4
Portuguese Albums Chart[115] 1
Russian Albums Chart[133] 1
Scottish Albums Chart[134] 1
South Korean Albums Chart[135] 8
Slovenian Albums Chart[136] 7
Spanish Albums Chart[116] 1
Swedish Albums Chart[137] 2
Swiss Albums Chart[117] 1
UK Albums Chart[138] 1
US Billboard 200[139] 1
US Dance/Electronic Albums[140] 1

Certifications

Region Certification Certified units/sales
Australia (ARIA)[141] Platinum 70,000^
Austria (IFPI Austria)[142] Gold 7,500*
Belgium (BEA)[143] Gold 15,000*
Denmark (IFPI Danmark)[144] Gold 10,000^
Germany (BVMI)[145] Gold 100,000^
Italy (FIMI)[146] Gold 30,000*
Mexico (AMPROFON)[147] Gold 30,000^
New Zealand (RMNZ)[119] Gold 7,500^
Poland (ZPAV)[148] Gold 0*
Sweden (GLF)[149] Gold 20,000‡
Switzerland (IFPI Switzerland)[150] Platinum 20,000^
United Kingdom (BPI)[151] Platinum 300,000^

* Sales figures based on certification alone.
^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.

Release history

On 23 March, the album became available for pre-order on the iTunes Store via digital download, revealing a release date of 17 May in Australia, 20 May in the United Kingdom, and 21 May in the United States. It later appeared as an Amazon.com pre-order on CD, vinyl and directly from the Random Access Memories official website.[48][72][152] The album became available for preview streaming via the iTunes Store on 13 May 2013.[58][59] It has also been released for streaming on Spotify, with the lead single, "Get Lucky", managing to top Spotify's very first digital streaming chart in the process.[153]

Region Date Format Label
Australia[154] 17 May 2013 CD, LP, digital download Sony Music Entertainment, Columbia Records
Belgium[155]
Brazil[156]
Finland[157]
Germany[158]
Ireland[159]
Netherlands[160]
New Zealand[161]
Czech Republic[162] 20 May 2013
Denmark[163]
France[164]
Poland[165]
South Africa[166]
United Kingdom[152]
Canada[167] 21 May 2013
Colombia[168]
Italy[169]
Mexico[170]
Russia[171]
United States[48]
India[172] 22 May 2013
Japan[173]

References

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  148. ^ Expression error: Unexpected <= operator
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