Constituency
|
Commentary
|
Summary of vote
|
Elected deputies
|
Petrograd City
|
Voter turnout in the capital was estimated at between 69.7% and 72%.[41]
The Petrograd SR branch was dominated by left-wing elements.[42]
The Kadet list (no. 2) was headed by Pavel Milyukov, followed by Maxim Vinaver, Nikolai Kutler, F.I. Rodichev, Vladimir Dmitrievich Nabokov, Andrei Ivanovich Shingarev, Countess Sofia Panina, Aleksandr Kornilov, D.D. Grimm, D.S. Zernov, Vladimir Vernadsky, A.N. Kolosov, A.D. Protopopov, Prince V.A. Obolensky, Sergey Oldenburg, L.A. Velikhov, K. N. Sokolov and V. M. Hessen.[43]
The Bolshevik (no. 4) Bolsheviks headed by Vladimir Ilich Ulyanov (Lenin), followed by Evsei Aronovich Radomyslsky (Zinoviev), Lev Davydovich Bronstein (Trotsky), Lev Borisovich Rosenfeld (Kamenev), Alexandra Kollontai, Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili (Stalin), Matvei Muranov, Mikhail Kalinin, Józef Unszlicht, Sergei Alexandrovich Cherepanov, Grigorii Eremeevich Evdokimov, Klavdia Ivanovna Nikolaeva and others.[43]
There was also a Women's List (no. 13).[2]
|
Petrograd City
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
Seats
|
%
|
List 4 - Bolsheviks
|
424,027
|
45.00
|
6
|
50.00
|
List 2 - Kadets
|
246,506
|
26.16
|
4
|
33.33
|
List 9 - Socialist-Revolutionaries
|
152,230
|
16.15
|
2
|
16.67
|
List 12 - United Orthodox Parishes
|
24,139
|
2.56
|
0
|
0.00
|
List 1 - Popular Socialists
|
19,109
|
2.03
|
0
|
0.00
|
List 17 - Menshevik Defencists (Potresovites)[44]
|
17,427
|
1.85
|
0
|
0.00
|
List 15 - International Unity of Christian Democrats (Roman Catholics)
|
14,382
|
1.53
|
0
|
0.00
|
List 16 - Mensheviks
|
11,740
|
1.25
|
0
|
0.00
|
List 19 - Council of the Union of Cossack Host
|
6,712
|
0.71
|
0
|
0.00
|
List 7 - All-Russian League for Women's Equality
|
5,310
|
0.56
|
0
|
0.00
|
List 14 - Independent Union of Workers, Soldiers and Peasants
|
4,942
|
0.52
|
0
|
0.00
|
List 8 - Petrograd Group of SR Defencists (Volya Naroda group)
|
4,696
|
0.50
|
0
|
0.00
|
List 6 - Petrograd organizations of the Ukrainian Soc.-Dem. Labour Party, Ukrainian SRs and United Jewish Socialist Labour Party (S.S. and E.S.)
|
4,219
|
0.45
|
0
|
0.00
|
List 3 - Christian Democratic Party
|
3,797
|
0.40
|
0
|
0.00
|
List 18 - All-Russian Soc.-Dem. Organization "Unity"
|
1,823
|
0.19
|
0
|
0.00
|
List 11 - Central Committee of the Russian Radical Democratic Party
|
413
|
0.04
|
0
|
0.00
|
List 10 - People's Development League
|
386
|
0.04
|
0
|
0.00
|
List 13 - Women's Union for Motherland
|
318
|
0.03
|
0
|
0.00
|
List 5 - Universal League of National Associations of Socialist-Universalists
|
158
|
0.02
|
0
|
0.00
|
Total:
|
942,334
|
100.00
|
12
|
100.00
|
|
|
Moscow City
|
Voter turnout in the city was estimated at between 65.4% and 69.7%.[41]
|
Moscow City
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
Seats
|
%
|
List 5 - Bolsheviks
|
366,148
|
47.88
|
6
|
54.55
|
List 1 - Kadets
|
263,859
|
34.50
|
4
|
36.36
|
List 3 - Socialist-Revolutionaries
|
62,260
|
8.14
|
1
|
9.09
|
List 8 - Democratic Socialist Bloc (incl. Cooperative, Unity)
|
35,305
|
4.62
|
0
|
0.00
|
List 4 - Mensheviks
|
19,690
|
2.57
|
0
|
0.00
|
List 9 - Labour Non-Party Group (Rightists, ex-Octobrists)
|
4,085
|
0.53
|
0
|
0.00
|
List 7 - Popular Socialists
|
2,508
|
0.33
|
0
|
0.00
|
List 2 - National-Socialist Bloc (Ukrainian Socialist Bloc and Nationalist Bloc)
|
2,346
|
0.31
|
0
|
0.00
|
List 12 - Commercial-Industrial Group
|
2,300
|
0.30
|
0
|
0.00
|
List 11 - All-Russian Peasants Union
|
2,279
|
0.30
|
0
|
0.00
|
List 6 - Commonwealth of Nations (mainly Germans)
|
2,076
|
0.27
|
0
|
0.00
|
List 10 - United Internationalists
|
1,907
|
0.25
|
0
|
0.00
|
Total:
|
764,763
|
|
11
|
|
|
|
Archangel
|
Radkey's account is missing 4 uezds, representing some 25% of the electorate the Archangel electoral district.[45] Notably, Archangel had a different electoral system than the rest of the country, as voters voted for individual candidates rather than party lists.[45]
|
Arkhangelsk
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
Seats
|
%
|
List 3 - Socialist-Revolutionaries and Soviet of Peasants' Deputies
|
85,272
|
66.81
|
2
|
100.00
|
List 5 - Bolsheviks
|
21,779
|
17.06
|
|
List 1 - Kadets
|
12,086
|
9.47
|
|
List 2 - Mensheviks
|
7,335
|
5.75
|
|
List 3 - Citizens Group of Kurlev volost
|
1,160
|
0.91
|
|
Total:
|
127,632
|
|
2
|
|
Deputies Elected
Ivanov
|
SR
|
Kvyatkovskiy
|
SR
|
|
Olonets
|
Olonets had special electoral system, electing 2 deputies and with each voter having 2 votes. Radkey's summary excludes 126,827 duplicate votes. The Socialist-Revolutionaries and the Mensheviks had an electoral alliance, with each of the two parties presenting one candidate. Both were elected with big margins, SR candidate obtained 127,062 whilst the Menshevik candidate obtained 126,827 votes.[46]
|
Olonets
Uezd
|
Matveev (SR)
|
Shishkin (Menshevik)
|
Melekhov (Kadet)
|
Deyakonov (Kadet)
|
Mirokhin (Unity)
|
Petrozavodsk town
|
4,515
|
4,498
|
1,829
|
1,600
|
262
|
Petrozavodsk uezd
|
21,123
|
21,057
|
3,624
|
3,367
|
517
|
Olonets
|
12,057
|
11,918
|
3,159
|
3,069
|
480
|
Lodeynoye Pole
|
15,542
|
15,442
|
2,142
|
2,092
|
191
|
Povenets
|
10,864
|
10,846
|
1,621
|
1,553
|
144
|
Kargopol
|
35,129
|
35,382
|
3,394
|
3,290
|
536
|
Pudozh
|
10,806
|
10,783
|
2,414
|
2,186
|
446
|
Vytegra
|
17,084
|
16,901
|
2,095
|
1,994
|
237
|
Total:
|
127,120 (elected)
|
126,827 (elected)
|
20,278
|
19,151
|
2,813
|
|
Deputies Elected
Matveev
|
SR-Menshevik bloc
|
Shishkin
|
SR-Menshevik bloc
|
|
Vologda
|
Out of the 10 uezds in Vologda electoral district, Radkey's account has 1 uezds with a largely incomplete vote count and gaps in coverage in another 2 uezds. In Vologda the Bolsheviks and Mensheviks had a common list.[47] Soviet sources indicated that Social Democratic list was dominated by the Bolsheviks.[48]
|
|
Deputies Elected
Galkin
|
SR
|
Koryakin
|
SR
|
Maslov
|
SR
|
Raschesaev
|
SR
|
Sorokin
|
SR
|
Yuretsky
|
SR
|
Vetoshkin
|
Bolshevik
|
|
Petrograd Province
|
According to Radkey the result is incomplete, as data is missing for 7 minor lists.[49]
|
Petrograd
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
Seats
|
%
|
List 2 - Bolsheviks
|
229,698
|
48.69
|
5
|
62.50
|
List 10 - Socialist-Revolutionaries
|
119,761
|
25.39
|
2
|
25.00
|
List 1 - Kadets
|
64,859
|
13.75
|
1
|
12.50
|
List 4 - Estonian List
|
15,963
|
3.38
|
|
|
List 5 - Finnish Socialists
|
14,807
|
3.14
|
|
|
List 8 - Popular Socialists
|
12,048
|
2.55
|
|
|
List 3 - Mensheviks
|
6,100
|
1.29
|
|
|
List 7 - Petrograd Governorate Union of Orthodox Parishes
|
5,661
|
1.20
|
|
|
List 9 - Petrograd organizations of the Ukrainian Soc.-Dem. Labour Party, Ukrainian SRs and the United Jewish Socialist Labour Party (S.S. and E.S.)
|
1,997
|
0.42
|
|
|
List 6 - Cooperative Group
|
841
|
0.18
|
|
|
Total:
|
471,735
|
|
8
|
|
|
|
Pskov
|
Out of 13 lists that were submitted to the electoral authorities, 4 were barred from contesting.[50] The SR list was dominated by Left SR elements.[51] A priest was killed in connection with the election day, one of few violent incidents across the country.[52]
|
Pskov
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
Seats
|
%
|
List 3 - Socialist-Revolutionaries and Soviet of Peasants Deputies
|
295,012
|
57.25
|
5
|
62.50
|
List 6 - Bolsheviks
|
173,631
|
33.69
|
3
|
37.50
|
List 2 - Kadets
|
25,961
|
5.04
|
|
|
List 4 - Mensheviks
|
4,870
|
0.95
|
|
|
List 1 - Popular Socialists and Toiling Peasants
|
4,059
|
0.79
|
|
|
List 8 - Lettish Peasant Union and Lettish Radical Democratic Party
|
3,859
|
0.75
|
|
|
List 5 - Pskov Provincial Union of Landowners
|
3,209
|
0.62
|
|
|
List 9 - All-Russian League for Women's Equality
|
2,366
|
0.46
|
|
|
List 7 - Pskov United Democratic Groups of Townspeople, Peasants and Workers
|
2,337
|
0.45
|
|
|
Total:
|
515,304
|
|
8
|
|
Deputies Elected
Bekleshov
|
SR
|
Olkhin
|
SR
|
Pokrovsky
|
SR
|
Safonov
|
SR
|
Utkin
|
SR
|
Joffe
|
Bolshevik
|
Usharnov
|
Bolshevik
|
Yurov (Okhotin)
|
Bolshevik
|
|
Novgorod
|
Whilst Novgorod was an agrarian province, the Bolsheviks obtained a good vote. This might have been due to the fact that many inhabitants were accustomed to perform seasonal work in nearby Petrograd.[53] 4 local peasants lists did not qualify to run in the election.[50]
|
Novgorod
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
Seats
|
%
|
List 4 - Socialist-Revolutionaries
|
220,665
|
45.36
|
4
|
44.44
|
List 6 - Bolsheviks
|
203,658
|
41.87
|
5
|
55.56
|
List 3 - Kadets
|
31,484
|
6.47
|
|
|
List 1 - Popular Socialists
|
10,314
|
2.12
|
|
|
List 9 - Mensheviks
|
9,336
|
1.92
|
|
|
List 7 - Union of Landowners
|
7,804
|
1.60
|
|
|
List 2 - Homeowners and Landowners of Novgorod Governorate
|
1,178
|
0.24
|
|
|
List 8 - Union of Cooperativists
|
1,123
|
0.23
|
|
|
List 5 - Unity
|
860
|
0.18
|
|
|
Total:
|
486,422
|
|
9
|
|
|
Deputies Elected
Gukovsky
|
SR
|
Kobyakov
|
SR
|
Leontiev
|
SR
|
Sokolov
|
SR
|
Ermakov
|
Bolshevik
|
Pashin
|
Bolshevik
|
Trotsky
|
Bolshevik
|
Uritsky
|
Bolshevik
|
Valentinov
|
Bolshevik
|
|
Estonia
|
The Bolsheviks and Estonian Labour Party had their strongest support in Reval and northern Estonia. Bolsheviks obtained 47.6% of the votes cast in Reval. The Democratic Bloc obtained 53.4% in Tartu, and did also get a good number of votes in southern Estonia.[54] Notably, the Bolsheviks benefited from popular discontent with the failure of the Provisional Government to follow through on its promises of self-determination for Estonia.[54]
|
|
Deputies Elected
Anvelt
|
Bolshevik
|
Pöögelmann
|
Bolshevik
|
Rabchinsky
|
Bolshevik
|
Vakmann
|
Bolshevik
|
Seljamaa
|
Estonian Labour
|
Vilms
|
Estonian Labour
|
Poska
|
Estonian Democratic
|
Tõnisson
|
Estonian Democratic
|
|
Livonia
|
Latvia was a Bolshevik stronghold at the time, as only in Latvia did the Social Democrats continue to function as a political party following the waves of repression 1905-1908.[56] After the February Revolution, the political scene in Riga was similar to that of many other cities in Russia, with Bolsheviks becoming the dominant force in the soviets and competing for power with the moderate socialists and the city duma. By May 1917 the Bolsheviks had emerged as the main political force of Latvian Riflemen's soviet. Gradually the Bolsheviks began to dominate Riga, but on September 3, 1917 German troops seized control of the city.[57] In September 1917 the Bolsheviks had some 12,000 members in Latvia, the Mensheviks 2,600.[56]
97,781 votes (72%) were cast for Social-Democracy of the Latvian Territory, the Bolshevik affiliate organization in Latvia.[58] At the time Riga was under German occupation so no vote took place there. In 9 uezds some 9,000 votes are missing according to Radkey.[59]
|
|
Deputies Elected
Goldmanis
|
Lettish Peasant Union
|
Berzin
|
SD of Latvian Territory
|
Peterson
|
SD of Latvian Territory
|
Rozin
|
SD of Latvian Territory
|
|
Vitebsk
|
White Russian separatism was a negligible force in the electoral district.[60] Grigorii (Zvi Hirsh) Bruk, Zionist and former Kadet deputy of the First Duma, stood as candidate of the Jewish National Electoral Committee.[61]
|
Vitebsk
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
Seats
|
List 5 - Bolsheviks
|
287,101
|
51.22
|
6
|
List 1 - Socialist-Revolutionaries
|
150,279
|
26.81
|
3
|
List 11 - Socialist-Federalists and Peasants of Latgale
|
26,990
|
4.82
|
|
List 7 - Jewish National Electoral Committee
|
24,790
|
4.42
|
|
List 9 - Mensheviks-Bund
|
12,471
|
2.22
|
|
List 10 - United Polish Organizations
|
10,556
|
1.88
|
|
List 13 - Peasants of Vitebsk Governorate
|
9,752
|
1.74
|
|
List 6 - Vitebsk Belarusian People’s Union and Orthodox Parishes of the Faith of the Polotsk Diocese
|
9,019
|
1.61
|
|
List 3 - Kadets
|
8,132
|
1.45
|
|
List 8 - Landowners and Old Believers
|
6,098
|
1.09
|
|
List 12 - Lettish Democrats-Nationalists
|
5,881
|
1.05
|
|
List 4 - Latgallian Popular Committee and Latgallian Socialist Party of Working People
|
5,118
|
0.91
|
|
List 2 - Popular Socialists
|
3,599
|
0.64
|
|
List 14 - Citizens of Boletskii Volost of Gorodsky Uezd
|
752
|
0.13
|
|
Total:
|
560,538
|
|
9
|
|
Deputies Elected
Boldysh
|
SR
|
Bulota
|
SR
|
Gizetti
|
SR
|
Ceshejko-Sochacki
|
Bolshevik
|
Dzerzhinsky
|
Bolshevik
|
Kamenev
|
Bolshevik
|
Pinson
|
Bolshevik
|
Rivkin
|
Bolshevik
|
Sarkisyants
|
Bolshevik
|
|
Minsk
|
White Russian separatism was a negligible force in the electoral district.[60] The conservative press reported a quiet and orderly election in the province.[62] According to Radkey, his count of the result in Minsk is largely complete, only lacking 3 out of 25 volosts Mozyr uezd. These 3 volosts had 16,755 eligible voters.[59]
|
Minsk
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
List 9 - Bolsheviks
|
579,087
|
63.13
|
List 12 - Bloc of Socialist-Revolutionaries and the Soviet of Peasants Deputies
|
181,673
|
19.81
|
List 2 - Jewish National Electoral Committee
|
65,046
|
7.09
|
List 8 - Polish Electoral Committee
|
36,882
|
4.02
|
List 5 - Mensheviks-Bund
|
16,277
|
1.77
|
List 6 - Kadets
|
10,724
|
1.17
|
List 11 - Russian Democratic Party
|
10,040
|
1.09
|
List 10 - Jewish Soc.-Dem. Labour Party (Poalei Zion)
|
6,184
|
0.67
|
List 1 - United Socialist Jewish Labour Party (S.S. and E.S.)
|
4,880
|
0.53
|
List 3 - Union of Landowners
|
3,465
|
0.38
|
List 13 - Belarusian Socialist Assembly
|
2,998
|
0.33
|
Total:
|
917,256
|
|
|
Deputies Elected
Balay
|
SR
|
Drizo
|
SR
|
Gamzagurdi
|
SR
|
Nesterov
|
SR
|
Brutzkus
|
Jewish National Electoral Committee
|
Alibekov
|
Bolshevik
|
Freiman
|
Bolshevik
|
Gromashevsky
|
Bolshevik
|
Kozhuro
|
Bolshevik
|
Krivoshein
|
Bolshevik
|
Lander
|
Bolshevik
|
Schlegel
|
Bolshevik
|
Seleznev
|
Bolshevik
|
Taganov
|
Bolshevik
|
|
Mogilev
|
According to Radkey the vote count in Mogilev is largely incomplete. He claims to have the data for Gomel (with the votes for all 11 lists), Mogilev (with votes for the 7 most voted lists) and Orsha (with votes for the 6 most votes lists) towns as well as 80 precincts in Gomel uezd (but in these precincts, only the vote for SR and Bolshevik lists).[59] The SRs benefited from the fact that the leader heading the Mogilev Provincial Soviet of Peasants Deputies was largely popular in the province.[63]
|
Mogilev
Party
|
Vote (Radkey)
|
% (Radkey)
|
Vote (Spirin)
|
% (Spirin)
|
List 1 - Socialist-Revolutionaries and Soviet of Peasants Deputies
|
50,684
|
37.55
|
511,998
|
70.62
|
List 11 - Bolsheviks
|
28,446
|
21.07
|
93,060
|
12.83
|
List 6 - Kadets
|
14,494
|
10.74
|
19,316
|
2.66
|
List 9 - Jewish National Electoral Committee
|
14,101
|
10.45
|
42,037
|
5.80
|
List 2 - Mensheviks-Bund
|
10,549
|
7.81
|
21,664
|
2.99
|
List 4 - Jewish Soc.-Dem. Labour Party (Poalei Zion)
|
7,900
|
5.85
|
2,596
|
0.36
|
List 10 - Mogilev Governorate Polish Council
|
4,635
|
3.43
|
15,981
|
2.20
|
List 3 - United Jewish Socialist Labour Party (S.S. and E.S.)
|
1,583
|
1.17
|
4,004
|
0.55
|
List 8 - White Russian Organizations
|
1,385
|
1.03
|
2,523
|
0.35
|
List 5 - Union of Landowners
|
293
|
0.22
|
10,136
|
1.40
|
List 7 - Yidishe Folkspartei and Non-Party Democratic Committee
|
[64]
|
|
1,737
|
0.24
|
Unaccounted
|
924
|
0.68
|
|
|
Total:
|
134,994
|
|
725,052
|
|
|
Deputies Elected
Buslov
|
SR
|
Khrisanenkov
|
SR
|
Kovarsky
|
SR
|
Maleev
|
SR
|
Malyshitsky
|
SR
|
Rappoport
|
SR
|
Shishaev
|
SR
|
Tsvetaev
|
SR
|
Vasilevsky
|
SR
|
Voronov
|
SR
|
Zakrevsky
|
SR
|
Zasorin
|
SR
|
Kaganovich
|
Bolshevik
|
Leplevsky
|
Bolshevik
|
Friedman
|
Jewish National Committee
|
Mazeh
|
Jewish National Committee
|
|
Smolensk
|
2 volost-level lists were barred from participating in the election.[50] List no. 3, endorsed by Smolensk Provincial Council of SR Party and the Smolensk Provincial Congress of Peasants Deputies, was headed by E.K. Breshko-Breshkovskaia and Andrei Argunov.[65]
|
Smolensk
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
Seats
|
List 7 - Bolsheviks
|
361,062
|
54.85
|
6
|
List 3 - Socialist-Revolutionaries and Soviet of Peasants Deputies
|
250,134
|
38.00
|
4
|
List 1 - Kadets
|
29,274
|
4.45
|
|
List 6 - Mensheviks
|
7,901
|
1.20
|
|
List 8 - [Orthodox] Parish Non-Party Group
|
5,300
|
0.81
|
|
List 4 - Popular Socialists
|
2,210
|
0.34
|
|
List 5 - Nationalist Bloc
|
1,708
|
0.26
|
|
List 2 - Group Allied with Socialist Parties
|
645
|
0.10
|
|
Total:
|
658,234
|
|
10
|
|
|
Moscow Province
|
According to Radkey's account, only few votes are missing from the summary (one military voting box in Moscow uezd, the votes from a single volost in Bronnitsy uezd and the votes for smaller parties in Serpukhov uezd).[59]
|
Moscow Province
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
List 5 - Bolsheviks- Menshevik-Internationalists
|
351,853
|
56.43
|
List 3 - Socialist-Revolutionaries
|
159,630
|
25.60
|
List 1 - Kadets
|
43,295
|
6.94
|
List 4 - Mensheviks
|
27,108
|
4.35
|
List 6 - All-Russian Peasants Union
|
12,967
|
2.08
|
List 10 - Group of Public Figures (rightists)
|
8,443
|
1.35
|
List 9 - Old Believers
|
7,467
|
1.20
|
List 2 - Popular Socialists
|
6,058
|
0.97
|
List 7 - Democratic Non-partisan Group of Members of District Committees of Sergiev Posad
|
4,497
|
0.72
|
List 8 - Landowners
|
2,189
|
0.35
|
Total:
|
623,507
|
|
|
|
Tver
|
Radkey lists the Tver result as 'somewhat incomplete'.[66] Russkoe Slovo reported that the election was conducted orderly, whilst SR organ Delo Naroda stated that Bolsheviks disrupted the polls in Rzhev uezd.[62] A farmer list was denied contesting the election in Tver.[50]
|
Tver
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
Seats
|
List 6 - Bolsheviks
|
362,687
|
59.27
|
6
|
List 3 - Socialist-Revolutionaries and Soviet of Peasants Deputies
|
186,030
|
30.40
|
3
|
List 1 - Kadets
|
32,830
|
5.37
|
|
List 5 - Mensheviks
|
22,552
|
3.69
|
|
List 2 - Union of Landowners
|
3,677
|
0.60
|
|
List 7 - Popular Socialists
|
2,338
|
0.38
|
|
List 4 - Unity and Union of Credit and Savings Associations
|
975
|
0.16
|
|
List 8 - Commercial-Industrial Union
|
812
|
0.13
|
|
Total:
|
611,901
|
|
9
|
|
Deputies Elected
Tikhomirov
|
SR
|
Tolmachevsky
|
SR
|
Volsky
|
SR
|
Arosev
|
Bolshevik
|
Bulatov
|
Bolsheviks
|
Medov
|
Bolshevik
|
Schmidt
|
Bolshevik
|
Sokolnikov
|
Bolshevik
|
Vagzhanov
|
Bolshevik
|
|
Yaroslavl
|
|
Yaroslavl
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
Seats
|
List 3 - Socialist-Revolutionaries and Governorate Soviet of Peasants Deputies
|
197,465
|
43.06
|
3
|
List 7 - Bolsheviks
|
176,035
|
38.39
|
2
|
List 2 - Kadets
|
53,730
|
11.72
|
1
|
List 4 - Mensheviks
|
16,809
|
3.67
|
|
List 1 - Popular Socialists
|
5,637
|
1.23
|
|
List 5 - Union of Landowners
|
4,497
|
0.98
|
|
List 6 - Bloc of Traders, Industrialists, Artisans and Homeowners
|
4,421
|
0.96
|
|
List 8 - ?
|
?
|
?
|
|
Total:
|
458,594
|
|
6
|
|
|
Kostroma
|
Out 15 lists submitted, 5 were rejected by the electoral authorities.[50]
|
Kostroma
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
Seats
|
List 1 - Socialist-Revolutionaries and Soviet of Peasants Deputies
|
249,838
|
44.97
|
4
|
List 4 - Bolsheviks
|
226,905
|
40.84
|
4
|
List 2 - Kadets
|
41,448
|
7.46
|
|
List 3 - Mensheviks
|
19,488
|
3.51
|
|
List 5 - Orthodox Clergy and Laymen
|
17,901
|
3.22
|
|
Total:
|
555,580
|
|
8
|
|
Deputies Elected
Kondratiev
|
SR
|
Kozlov
|
SR
|
Lotoshnikov
|
SR
|
Maltsev
|
SR
|
Danilov
|
Bolshevik
|
Larin-Lurie
|
Bolshevik
|
Malyutin
|
Bolshevik
|
Rostopchin
|
Bolshevik
|
|
Vladimir
|
Vladimir was heavily industrialized, second only to Moscow itself. There were many textile mills in Ivanovo-Voznesensky, Out of 13 uezd, SR won in 2; Viazniki (east of industrial belt), an area with hemp and linen production where SRs scored 42,4%, and further east in Gorokhovets uezd, an area with no factories where SRs scored 57.4%.[53]) Out of 11 lists submitted, 7 were approved whilst 4 non-partisan peasants' lists were denied registration.[50]
|
Vladimir
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
Seats
|
List 6 - Bolsheviks
|
337,941
|
55.95
|
6
|
List 3 - Socialist-Revolutionaries and Congress of Peasants Deputies
|
197,311
|
32.67
|
3
|
List 1 - Kadets
|
38,035
|
6.30
|
|
List 4 - Mensheviks
|
13,074
|
2.16
|
|
List 2 - Revival of Free Russia (rightists)
|
9,209
|
1.52
|
|
List 5 - Popular Socialists
|
6,908
|
1.14
|
|
List 7 - Cooperative
|
1,482
|
0.25
|
|
Total:
|
603,960
|
|
9
|
|
|
Kaluga
|
In Kaluga, the SR list was dominated by leftist elements.[39]
|
|
Deputies Elected
Borodachov
|
SR
|
Eliseev
|
SR
|
Parol
|
SR
|
Ginzburg
|
Bolshevik
|
Glebov-Avilov
|
Bolshevik
|
Logachev
|
Bolshevik
|
Stukov
|
Bolshevik
|
Zakharov
|
Bolshevik
|
|
Tula
|
The votes from the city of Tula and 10 out 12 uezds are complete, according to Radkey. The votes from Efremov uezd and one of the volosts of Odoev uezd are not covered in Radkey's account.[59]
|
|
Deputies Elected
Arvatov
|
SR
|
Gurevich
|
SR
|
Medvedev
|
SR
|
Nearonov
|
SR
|
Kaminsky
|
Bolshevik
|
Kaul
|
Bolshevik
|
Kolesnikov
|
Bolshevik
|
Yakovleva
|
Bolshevik
|
|
Riazan
|
Radkey's account is missing the vote from Egoriev uezd, 1 out of 12 uezds in the electoral district.[59]
|
|
Deputies Elected
Barinov
|
SR
|
Gendelman
|
SR
|
Govorov
|
SR
|
Pavlov
|
SR
|
Sorokin
|
SR
|
Sukharev
|
SR
|
Gorshkov
|
Bolshevik
|
Osinsky
|
Bolshevik
|
Sereda
|
Bolshevik
|
Voronkov
|
Bolshevik
|
|
Orel
|
The Kraiskovo electoral commission chair was killed by soldiers at the time of the election.[62]
|
Oryol
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
Seats
|
List 3 - Socialist-Revolutionaries and Soviet of Peasants Deputies
|
511,049
|
62.70
|
8
|
List 8 - Bolsheviks
|
241,786
|
29.66
|
4
|
List 2 - Kadets
|
18,345
|
2.25
|
|
List 5 - Mensheviks
|
16,301
|
2.00
|
|
List 6 - Union of Landowners
|
12,911
|
1.58
|
|
List 4 - Commercial-Industrial Union
|
4,462
|
0.55
|
|
List 7 - Unity, Cooperators and Popular Socialists
|
1,384
|
0.17
|
|
List 1 - Union of Homeowners
|
438
|
0.05
|
|
Unaccounted
|
8,453
|
1.04
|
|
Total:
|
815,129
|
|
12
|
|
Deputies Elected
Bukin
|
SR
|
Goncharov
|
SR
|
Khodotov
|
SR
|
Maslov
|
SR
|
Matveevskaya
|
SR
|
Vladykin
|
SR
|
Volnov
|
SR
|
Volodin
|
SR
|
Andreev
|
Bolshevik
|
Fokin
|
Bolshevik
|
Ivanov
|
Bolshevik
|
Kuznetsov
|
Bolshevik
|
|
Kursk
|
Kursk was an agrarian, black-earth province with no industries. The Bolshevik vote was attributed to soldiers returning home from the front. [67]
|
|
Deputies Elected
Baryshnikov
|
SR
|
Belosov
|
SR
|
Doroshev
|
SR
|
Kholodov
|
SR
|
Kutepov
|
SR
|
Merkulov
|
SR
|
Neruchev
|
SR
|
Pakhomov
|
SR
|
Piyanich
|
SR
|
Romanenko
|
SR
|
Rusanov
|
SR
|
Vlasov
|
SR
|
Ozemblovsky
|
Bolshevik
|
|
Voronezh
|
8 out of 16 lists submitted were disqualified from contesting.[50]
|
|
Deputies Elected
Kardashov
|
Bolshevik
|
Nevsky
|
Bolshevik
|
Antipin
|
SR
|
Bliznyuk
|
SR
|
Burevoy-Soplyakov
|
SR
|
Gladkikh
|
SR
|
Khrenovsky
|
SR
|
Kogan-Bernstein
|
SR
|
Mamkin
|
SR
|
Nikitin
|
SR
|
Oganovsky
|
SR
|
Perveeva
|
SR
|
Postnikov
|
SR
|
Smirnov
|
SR
|
Zinin
|
SR
|
|
Tambov
|
73% electoral participation was reported, as the SRs had a good mobilization capacity among the peasantry. [68] In the Spassko-Kashminskaia canton, Morshansk uezd the SR local government banned the Bolshevik election campaign, alleging that the Bolsheviks were German spies. [69]
|
Tambov
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
List 1 - Socialist-Revolutionaries and Governorate Soviet of Peasants Deputies
|
835,556
|
71.22
|
List 7 - Bolsheviks
|
240,652
|
20.51
|
List 5 - Kadets
|
47,548
|
4.05
|
List 3 - Mensheviks
|
22,425
|
1.91
|
List 2 - Union of Landowners
|
12,493
|
1.06
|
List 4 - Popular Socialists and Congress of Cooperative Organizations
|
7,408
|
0.63
|
List 8 - Party of the Muslim Socialist-Democratic Bloc
|
6,222
|
0.53
|
List 6 - Uezd Peasants List
|
887
|
0.08
|
Total:
|
1,173,191
|
|
|
Deputies Elected
Batmanov
|
SR
|
Bobynin
|
SR
|
Chernov
|
SR
|
Chernyshov
|
SR
|
Ilyin
|
SR
|
Kiselev
|
SR
|
Kondratenkov
|
SR
|
Merkulov
|
SR
|
Nabatov
|
SR
|
Nemtinov
|
SR
|
Odintsov
|
SR
|
Ryabov
|
SR
|
Sletova-Chernova
|
SR
|
Volsky
|
SR
|
Moiseev
|
Bolshevik
|
Olminsky
|
Bolshevik
|
Schlichter
|
Bolshevik
|
|
Penza
|
5 out of 11 submitted lists were disqualified (and some additional lists submitted their lists too late to register).[50] In Penza town there were 49,741 eligible voters, out of whom 17,583 voted (35%).[41]
|
|
Deputies Elected
Avksentiev
|
SR
|
Boldov
|
SR
|
Fedorovich
|
SR
|
Gots
|
SR
|
Konogov
|
SR
|
Kostin
|
SR
|
Leutnov
|
SR
|
Prokhorov
|
SR
|
Tsyngovatov
|
SR
|
|
Nizhni Novgorod
|
Only in the Nizhni Novgorod constituency could the combined forces of clergy and far right make an electoral impact. [70]The Christian Union for Faith and Fatherland had a relative success. [71]
|
Nizhny Novgorod
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
Seats
|
List 3 - Socialist-Revolutionaries and the Soviet of Peasants Deputies
|
314,004
|
54.15
|
6
|
List 7 - Bolsheviks
|
133,950
|
23.10
|
2
|
List 11 - Christian Union for Faith and Fatherland
|
48,428
|
8.35
|
1
|
List 12 - Kadets
|
34,726
|
5.99
|
|
List 8 - All Muslim Socialist Bloc
|
19,935
|
3.44
|
|
List 5 - Union of Old Believer Accord
|
16,230
|
2.80
|
|
List 2 - Mensheviks
|
7,634
|
1.32
|
|
List 10 - Popular Socialists
|
2,666
|
0.46
|
|
List 6 - Ukrainian Group
|
126
|
0.02
|
|
Unaccounted
|
2,198
|
0.38
|
|
Total:
|
579,897
|
|
9
|
|
Deputies Elected
Sergius
|
Christian Unity
|
Fokeev
|
SR
|
Kutuzov
|
SR
|
Lukyanov
|
SR
|
Rakov
|
SR
|
Sumgin
|
SR
|
Tyurikov
|
SR
|
Danilov
|
Bolshevik
|
Romanov
|
Bolshevik
|
|
Simbirsk
|
Electoral participation was reported at around 58%.[41]
|
Simbirsk
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
List 2 - Socialist-Revolutionaries and Congress of Peasants
|
363,847
|
57.68
|
List 10 - Bolsheviks
|
93,000
|
14.74
|
List 8 - Muslim Shuro Islamia
|
57,000
|
9.04
|
List 4 -SR Defencists
|
29,446
|
4.67
|
List 5 - Kadets
|
16,718
|
2.65
|
List 6 - Mensheviks
|
3,681
|
0.58
|
List 12 - All Chuvash National Congress and Chuvash Organizations
|
55
|
0.01
|
List 9 - Popular Socialists
|
?
|
|
List 3 - Cooperative
|
?
|
|
List 13 - Union of Farmers and Landowners
|
?
|
|
List 11 - Orthodox Parishes
|
?
|
|
List 7 - Union of Traders, Industrialists, Artisans and Homeowners
|
?
|
|
List 1 - Workers Committee of Protopov Factory
|
?
|
|
Unaccounted
|
67,043
|
10.63
|
Total:
|
630,790
|
|
|
Deputies Elected
Sverdlov
|
Bolshevik
|
Almazov
|
SR
|
Gavronsky
|
SR
|
Moshkin
|
SR
|
Petrov
|
SR
|
Pochekuev
|
SR
|
Titov
|
SR
|
Vorobiev
|
SR
|
Tsalikov
|
Muslim Shuro
|
|
Kazan
|
66% turnout was reported.[41] The Chuvash largely voted for the SRs, and the local SR party branch was dominated by leftist elements. [72]The Tatars voters were split between leftist and rightist lists. [73]
|
Kazan
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
List 11 - The Kazan Governorate Organization of the Socialist-Revolutionaries and the Soviet of Peasants Deputies
|
264,158
|
30.77
|
List 1 - The All Chuvash National Congress, the Chuvash Military Committees and the Chuvash Organization of the Socialist Revolutionary Party
|
226,496
|
26.38
|
List 10 - Muslim Socialist Committee
|
153,151
|
17.84
|
List 4 - Kazan Governorate Muslim Assembly
|
99,080
|
11.54
|
List 7 - Bolsheviks
|
51,936
|
6.05
|
List 2 - Kadets
|
31,728
|
3.70
|
List 6 - Orthodox Clergy and Laymen of the Kazan Governorate
|
12,322
|
1.44
|
List 9 - Right-wing Socialist-Revolutionaries
|
9,820
|
1.14
|
List 5 - Mensheviks
|
4,906
|
0.57
|
List 3 - Cooperatives and Independent Socialists
|
2,993
|
0.35
|
List 8 - Agricultural-Artisan-Commercial-Industrial group
|
2,001
|
0.23
|
Total:
|
858,591
|
|
|
Deputies Elected
Alyunov
|
Chuvash
|
Nikolaev
|
Chuvash
|
Vasiliev
|
Chuvash
|
Alkin
|
Muslim Socialist
|
Waxitov
|
Muslim Socialist
|
Kolegaev
|
SR
|
Martyushin
|
SR
|
Mayorov
|
SR
|
Mokhov
|
SR
|
Sukhanov
|
SR
|
Khalfin
|
Muslim Assembly
|
Salekhov
|
Muslim Assembly
|
|
Samara
|
Electoral turnout at 54.86%.[41] Out of 95 different lists submitted, 79 turned down (out of which approx 42 due to late submission).[50] The constituency had large German and Tatar minorities. [74] In Samara city the Bolsheviks polled 42% of the vote, the SRs 27% and Kadets 14%.[14]
|
Samara
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
Seats
|
List 3 - Soviet of Peasants Deputies and Socialist-Revolutionaries
|
702,924
|
58.47
|
12
|
List 2 - Bolsheviks
|
179,533
|
14.93
|
3
|
List 13 - Muslim Shuro-Islamia
|
126,558
|
10.53
|
2
|
List 16 - Union of Russian Citizens of German Nationality in the Central Volga Region
|
47,705
|
3.97
|
|
List 6 - Kadets
|
44,466
|
3.70
|
|
List 1 - Union of Socialists of the Volga German Region
|
42,148
|
3.51
|
|
List 15 - Orthodox Followers
|
13,133
|
1.09
|
|
List 4 - Bashkir Federalists
|
12,397
|
1.03
|
|
List 8 - Chuvash National Congress of Socialist-Revolutionaries
|
9,036
|
0.75
|
|
List 7 - Old Believer Joint Committee
|
6,508
|
0.54
|
|
List 10 - Ukrainians
|
4,378
|
0.36
|
|
List 5 - Popular Socialists
|
4,364
|
0.36
|
|
List 6 - Mensheviks
|
4,166
|
0.35
|
|
List 12 - Non-Party Peasants-Farmers
|
3,030
|
0.25
|
|
List 11 - Unity
|
937
|
0.08
|
|
List 14 - Menshevik-Internationalists
|
936
|
0.08
|
|
Total:
|
1,202,219
|
|
17
|
|
Deputies Elected
Mukhamediyarov
|
Muslim Shuro
|
Tuktarov
|
Muslim Shuro
|
Ermoshchenko
|
Bolshevik
|
Kuybyshev
|
Bolshevik
|
Maslennikov
|
Bolshevik
|
Arkangelsky
|
SR
|
Bashkirov
|
SR
|
Belozerov
|
SR
|
Brushvit
|
SR
|
Chupakhin
|
SR
|
Dedusenko
|
SR
|
Elyashevich
|
SR
|
Fortunatov
|
SR
|
Klimushkin
|
SR
|
Lazarev
|
SR
|
Maslov
|
SR
|
Bogoslovov
|
SR
|
|
Saratov
|
Saratov had been one of the early strongholds of the SRs. [75] Kerensky was one of the SR candidates, but many voters scratched his name from the list (and thus made their votes invalid). [6] was politically turbulent, also during the election. [6] In Saratov Bolshevik campaigners were frequently attacked by rich farmers.[69] Whilst the SR won in the largely agrarian district, the Bolsheviks had a strong showing, with strong support from soldiers and from the industrial city of Tsaritsyn.[62] Khvalynsk uezd was an Old Believer stronghold, with presence of Khlysty and Skoptsky sects. [76]
The German socialists didn't field a list in Saratov, whilst the German Central Committee contested on the Volga German List 7.[77]
|
Saratov
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
Seats
|
List 12 - Socialist-Revolutionaries and the Soviet of Peasants Deputies
|
612,094
|
56.28
|
11
|
List 10 - Bolsheviks
|
261,308
|
24.03
|
4
|
List 3 - Union of Ukrainian Peasants, Ukrainian Refugees and the Organization of Tatar Socialist Revolutionaries
|
53,445
|
4.91
|
|
List 7 - Volga Germans
|
50,025
|
4.60
|
|
List 1 - Kadets
|
27,226
|
2.50
|
|
List 5 - Orthodox People's Party
|
17,414
|
1.60
|
|
List 2 - Mensheviks
|
15,152
|
1.39
|
|
List 4 - Russian People's Party of Christians-Old Believers
|
13,956
|
1.28
|
|
List 6 - Union of Landowners
|
13,804
|
1.27
|
|
List 8 - Popular Socialists
|
10,243
|
0.94
|
|
List 9 - Society for Faith and Order
|
6,600
|
0.61
|
|
List 11 - Peasants of Petrovsk uezd and Mordva Population
|
6,379
|
0.59
|
|
Total:
|
1,087,646
|
|
15
|
|
Deputies Elected
Antonov
|
Bolshevik
|
Milutin
|
Bolshevik
|
Minin
|
Bolshevik
|
Vasiliev
|
Bolshevik
|
Bykhovsky
|
SR
|
Chernavin
|
SR
|
Chernenkov
|
SR
|
Kerensky
|
SR
|
Kotov
|
SR
|
Minin
|
SR
|
Panchurin
|
SR
|
Rakitnikov
|
SR
|
Ulyanov
|
SR
|
Ustinov
|
SR
|
Zatonsky
|
SR
|
|
Astrakhan
|
Radkey's account is incomplete, with some votes missing.[39]
|
|
Deputies Elected
Usmanov
|
Muslim
|
Tereshchenko
|
SR
|
Trusov
|
Bolshevik
|
Figner
|
SR
|
Nezhintsev
|
SR
|
|
Viatka
|
8 out of 20 submitted lists were disqualified.[50] Cheremis ran on a joint list with the Popular Socialists. [78] Radkey's account only includes full result for 3 lists (Bolsheviks, Mensheviks, Orthodox), albeit the number of votes for the Orthodox list has been rounded off. The real vote of the other nine lists, according to Radkey, would have been more than double that what is accounted for.[59]
|
Vyatka
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
List 3 – Vyatka Governorate Congress of Peasants Deputies and the Party of Socialist-Revolutionaries
|
300,503
|
46.91
|
List 11 – Bolsheviks
|
222,272
|
34.70
|
List 4 – Muslim Union of Vyatka Governorate
|
37,781
|
5.90
|
List 5 – Popular Socialists and Cheremi National Union
|
25,311
|
3.95
|
List 9 – Kadets
|
22,404
|
3.50
|
List 6 – Mensheviks
|
18,964
|
2.96
|
List 10 – Orthodox Parish Democratic Union
|
9,000
|
1.40
|
List 2 – Vyatka Governorate Commercial and Industrial Union
|
3,424
|
0.53
|
List 12 – Glazovski Uezd Congress of Workers, Soldiers and Peasants Soviets (Left Socialist-Revolutionaries)
|
942
|
0.15
|
List 1 – Kotelnichesky Uezd Soviet of Peasant Deputies
|
?
|
|
List 7 – Petropavlovsk Division of the Russian Peasant Union
|
?
|
|
List 8 – Group of Citizens of Yaraisky and Pachinsky Volosts
|
?
|
|
Total:
|
640,601
|
|
|
Deputies Elected
Pastukhov
|
Bolshevik
|
Popov
|
Bolshevik
|
Shvetsov
|
Bolshevik
|
Sponde
|
Bolshevik
|
Biryukov
|
SR
|
Buzanov
|
SR
|
Efremov
|
SR
|
Evseev
|
SR
|
Golovizin
|
SR
|
Kropotov
|
SR
|
Kuznetsov
|
SR
|
Salamatov
|
SR
|
Shulakov
|
SR
|
Zbarsky
|
SR
|
Tchaikovsky
|
Popular Socialists-Cheremi National Union alliance
|
Vikhlyaev
|
SR
|
|
Perm
|
The Peasants Union, with more than 13,000 votes, was mainly based in Krasnoufimsk uezd. [74]
|
Perm
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
List 2 - Socialist-Revolutionaries
|
665,118
|
52.05
|
List 6 - Bolsheviks
|
268,292
|
20.99
|
List 5 - Kadets
|
111,241
|
8.71
|
List 10 - [Orthodox] Clerical People's Party
|
47,881
|
3.75
|
List 9 - Muslims-Bashkirs
|
47,578
|
3.72
|
List 4 - Old Believers
|
35,853
|
2.81
|
List 3 - Muslims
|
29,683
|
2.32
|
List 11 - Bloc of Rightist SRs and Unity
|
29,112
|
2.28
|
List 7 - Mensheviks
|
28,002
|
2.19
|
List 1 - Krasnoufimsky Non-Partisan Credit Union
|
13,748
|
1.08
|
List 8 - Radical Democrats
|
1,381
|
0.11
|
Total:
|
1,277,889
|
|
|
Deputies Elected
Alekseev
|
SR
|
Bondarev
|
SR
|
Gerstein
|
SR
|
Kabakov
|
SR
|
Kuznetsov
|
SR
|
Sigov
|
SR
|
Tarabukin
|
SR
|
Varushkin
|
SR
|
Zateeyshchikov
|
SR
|
Zdobnov
|
SR
|
Zisman
|
SR
|
Krol
|
Kadet
|
Sumarokov
|
Kadet
|
Andronnikov
|
Bolshevik
|
Beloborodov
|
Bolshevik
|
Krestinsky
|
Bolshevik
|
Sosnovsky
|
Bolshevik
|
Tukhvatullin
|
Bashkir-Tatar group
|
|
Ufa
|
Ufa was a multinational constituency. [74]The SR list was dominated by leftist elements.[39]
|
Ufa
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
Seats
|
List 9 - Socialist-Revolutionaries
|
322,166
|
33.68
|
5
|
List 3 - Muslims (Social-Revolutionaries)
|
304,864
|
31.88
|
5
|
List 11 - Bashkir Federalists
|
135,977
|
14.22
|
2
|
List 1 - Muslim National Council
|
88,850
|
9.29
|
1
|
List 10 - Bolsheviks
|
48,151
|
5.03
|
|
List 12 - Kadets
|
15,825
|
1.65
|
|
List 6 - Orthodox Parishes
|
11,178
|
1.17
|
|
List 8 - Popular Socialists
|
11,429
|
1.19
|
|
List 2 - Landowners
|
7,358
|
0.77
|
|
List 4 - Cooperative
|
4,941
|
0.52
|
|
List 7 - Unity
|
3,078
|
0.32
|
|
List 5 - Mensheviks
|
2,614
|
0.27
|
|
Total:
|
956,431
|
|
13
|
|
Deputies Elected
Teregulov
|
Muslim National Council
|
Kuvatov
|
Bashkir Federalist
|
Validov
|
Bashkir Federalist
|
Akhmerov
|
Council of Peasants' Deputies
|
Ibragimov
|
Council of Peasants' Deputies
|
Ilyasov
|
Council of Peasants' Deputies
|
Mukhametdinov
|
Council of Peasants' Deputies
|
Syuncheley
|
Council of Peasants' Deputies
|
Brillantov
|
SR
|
Filatov
|
SR
|
Osintsev
|
SR
|
Steinberg
|
SR
|
Trutovsky
|
SR
|
|
Orenburg
|
According to Radkey, his account of the Bashkir Federalist vote is underestimated, believing that the real figure would land at around 100,000.[71]
|
Orenburg
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
List 8 - Bolsheviks
|
163,425
|
24.14
|
List 2 - Orenburg Cossack Host
|
144,039
|
21.28
|
List 3 - Socialist-Revolutionaries
|
110,172
|
16.28
|
List 9 - Bashkir Federalists
|
51,787
|
7.65
|
List 1 - Kadets
|
24,757
|
3.66
|
List 5 - Muslim Association
|
16,652
|
2.46
|
List 4 - Mensheviks
|
7,544
|
1.11
|
List 6 - Cooperative
|
7,296
|
1.08
|
List 7 - Popular Socialists
|
5,681
|
0.84
|
Unaccounted
|
145,512
|
21.50
|
Total:
|
676,865
|
|
|
Deputies Elected
Dutov
|
Cossack
|
Krivoschekov
|
Cossack
|
Matushkin
|
Cossack
|
Myakutin
|
Cossack
|
Bogdanov
|
Cossack
|
Polyakov
|
SR
|
Sorokin
|
SR
|
Chutskaya
|
Bolshevik
|
Korostelev
|
Bolshevik
|
Zwilling
|
Bolshevik
|
Bikbov
|
Bashkir Federalist
|
Fakhretdinov
|
Bashkir Federalist
|
Manatov
|
Bashkir Federalist
|
|
Kiev
|
Kiev was a historical Black Hundred stronghold, and monarchists got some 3% of the votes in the district. [79]
|
Kiev
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
List 1 - Ukrainian Socialist Bloc
|
1,161,033
|
77.26
|
List 2 - Jewish National Bloc
|
90,829
|
6.04
|
List 12 - Bolsheviks
|
60,693
|
4.04
|
List 8 - Russian Rightists
|
48,758
|
3.24
|
List 11 - Polish
|
42,943
|
2.86
|
List 6 - Kadets
|
21,667
|
1.44
|
List 9 - Bund
|
20,144
|
1.34
|
List 14 - Socialist-Revolutionaries
|
19,220
|
1.28
|
List 3 - Jewish Socialists
|
14,115
|
0.94
|
List 5 - Mensheviks
|
11,613
|
0.77
|
List 4 - Poalei Zion
|
4,086
|
0.27
|
List 13 - Ukrainian Socialists-Federalists and Popular Socialists
|
3,072
|
0.20
|
List 16 - Commercial-Industrial
|
2,508
|
0.17
|
List 17 - Unity
|
928
|
0.06
|
List 10 - Villagers' Group
|
655
|
0.04
|
List 7 - Military Revolutionary Union
|
258
|
0.02
|
List 15 - Zaustsinsky
|
203
|
0.01
|
Total:
|
1,502,725
|
|
|
Deputies Elected
Chechel
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Darchuk
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Donchenko
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Dragomiretsky
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Hrushevsky
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Ilchenko
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Khimerik
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Khomutovsky
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Kotik
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Mandryka
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Porsh
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Prisyazhnyuk
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Pyrkovka
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Rohmanyuk
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Sevryuk
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Shvets
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Stasyuk
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Tkachenko
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Vynnychenko
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Fyalek
|
Bolshevik
|
Syrkin
|
Jewish National Bloc
|
|
Volynia
|
17 submitted lists rejected, out of which 5 were peasants' lists.[50] The western parts of the electoral district were under German or Austrian occupation.[59] Radkey expresses concern that the votes account from Volynia (exclusively brought from the 1918 study by Sviatitski) may have been largely incomplete, possibly an effect of the proximity to the battle lines.[59]
|
Volhynia
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
Seats
|
List 11 - Ukrainian Socialist-Revolutionaries and Council of Peasant Deputies
|
569,044
|
70.76
|
9
|
List 4 - Polish
|
57,998
|
7.21
|
1
|
Jewish national lists;
- List 2 - Jewish National Electoral Committee
- List 3 - Jewish National Party
- List 8 - Jewish Community Personalities
|
55,967
|
6.96
|
|
List 12 - Bolsheviks
|
35,612
|
4.43
|
|
List 6 - Socialist-Revolutionaries
|
27,575
|
3.43
|
|
List 5 - Kadets and Non-Party Farmers
|
22,337
|
2.78
|
|
List 1 - Mensheviks-Bund
|
16,947
|
2.11
|
|
List 13 - Rightists and coreligionists
|
1,438
|
0.18
|
|
List 10 - United Jewish Socialist Labour Party (S.S. and E.S.)
|
?
|
|
|
List 9 - Poalei Zion
|
?
|
|
|
List 7 - Ukrainian Socialist-Federalists
|
?
|
|
|
Unaccounted
|
17,290
|
2.15
|
|
Total:
|
804,208
|
|
10
|
|
Template:Volynia Electoral District deputies, 1917
|
Podolia
|
Podolia was close to the frontline. [80] Radkey cites that the Ukrainian Social Democratic Labour Party organ Robitchna Gazeta reported that elections were held in Podolia between Dec 3-7, and presented results from 9 out of 12 uezds, but Robitchna Gazeta's party tally greater than the vote cast in the 9 uezds, possibly pointing to results included from the remaining 3 uezds.[80] The conservative Russkoe Slovo reported normal voting conditions in Podolia.[62]
|
Podolia
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
List 1 - Ukrainian SRs, Selyanska Spilka and Ukrainian Soc.-Dem. Labour Party
|
652,306
|
78.57
|
List 2 - Jewish National Electoral Committee
|
62,544
|
7.53
|
List 8 - Regional Polish List
|
46,500
|
5.60
|
List 15 - Bolsheviks
|
27,550
|
3.32
|
List 10 - Socialist-Revolutionaries,Soviet of Peasants and Soviet of Soldiers of the South-Western Front
|
10,170
|
1.22
|
List 5 - Bund
|
7,959
|
0.96
|
List 4 - Kadets
|
7,951
|
0.96
|
List 14 - Mensheviks
|
4,028
|
0.49
|
List 12 - Ukrainian Toilers List
|
3,810
|
0.46
|
List 3 - United Jewish Socialist Labour Party (S.S. and E.S.)
|
3,415
|
0.41
|
List 7 - Poalei Zion
|
2,164
|
0.26
|
List 9 - Popular Socialists
|
852
|
0.10
|
List 16 - United Polish
|
412
|
0.05
|
List 6 - Jewish List
|
322
|
0.04
|
List 13 - Ushitsky Uezd List
|
284
|
0.03
|
List 11 - Zionists
|
-
|
|
Total:
|
830,267
|
|
|
Deputies Elected
Antonovych
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Blonski
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Dudich
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Dyachuk
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Gerasimenko
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Golovchuk
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Grigoriev
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Isaevich
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Litvitsky
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Liubynsky
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Machushenko
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Nikolaychuk
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Shevchenko
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Shimanovich
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Tkach
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Verkhola
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Widybida-Rudenko
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Bartoszewicz
|
Polish List
|
|
Chernigov
|
Chernigov was an agrarian province. The Bolshevik Party was absent in most uezds and weak in others. But returning soldiers, about a quarter of the electorate, boosted the Bolshevik vote. [81]
|
Chernigov
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
Seats
|
List 10 - Ukrainian Socialist-Revolutionaries
|
484,156
|
49.73
|
9
|
List 9 - Bolsheviks
|
271,174
|
27.85
|
4
|
List 1 - Socialist-Revolutionaries
|
105,565
|
10.84
|
1
|
List 7 - Kadets
|
28,864
|
2.96
|
|
List 4 - Jewish National Committee
|
28,308
|
2.91
|
|
List 15 - Non-Partisan Public Figures
|
12,050
|
1.24
|
|
List 14 - Landowners
|
11,857
|
1.22
|
|
List 2 - Mensheviks
|
10,813
|
1.11
|
|
List 3 - Bloc of Ukrainian Socialist-Federalists and Popular Socialists
|
10,089
|
1.04
|
|
List 5 - Old Believers
|
4,858
|
0.50
|
|
List 11 - Poalei Zion
|
2,808
|
0.29
|
|
List 8 - Toiling Peasants
|
1,020
|
0.10
|
|
List 13 - Employees of Government Agencies
|
1,005
|
0.10
|
|
List 6 - Peasants of Mglin Uezd
|
538
|
0.06
|
|
List 12 - Commercial-Industrial
|
525
|
0.05
|
|
Total:
|
973,630
|
|
14
|
|
Deputies Elected
Breshko-Breshkovskaya
|
SR
|
Kostenetsky
|
Ukrainian SR
|
Kovalevsky
|
Ukrainian SR
|
Kovbasa
|
Ukrainian SR
|
Kuzmenko
|
Ukrainian SR
|
Lashkevich
|
Ukrainian SR
|
Odinets
|
Ukrainian SR
|
Sayenko
|
Ukrainian SR
|
Shapoval
|
Ukrainian SR
|
Shrag
|
Ukrainian SR
|
Bosch
|
Bolshevik
|
Motorra
|
Bolshevik
|
Pyatakov
|
Bolshevik
|
Ryndich
|
Bolshevik
|
|
Poltava
|
Poltava was an agrarian province . [82]Voter turnout was reported at 74%.[41] The Russian SRs (dominated by the left) ran a joint list with the Ukrainian SRs (dominated by Left) [83]The Selianska Spilka ('Village Union'), the agrarian wing of the Ukrainian SR, confronted the Farmers (Landowners) Party, excluding Landowners from local election commissions. The campaign against the Landowners Party occasional took violent shape.[82]
|
Poltava
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
List 8 - Ukrainian Socialist-Revolutionaries and Selianska Spilka
|
727,247
|
63.28
|
List 17 - Socialist-Revolutionaries and Ukrainian Socialist-Revolutionaries
|
198,437
|
17.27
|
List 12 - Bolsheviks
|
64,460
|
5.61
|
List 2 - Farmer-Owners
|
61,115
|
5.32
|
List 15 - Ukrainian Social Democrats
|
22,613
|
1.97
|
List 3 - Kadets
|
18,105
|
1.58
|
List 6 - Jewish National Electoral Committee
|
13,722
|
1.19
|
List 9 - Jewish List
|
12,100
|
1.05
|
List 13 - Ukrainian Socialist-Federalists
|
9,092
|
0.79
|
List 1 - Folkspartey
|
6,448
|
0.56
|
List 10 - Mensheviks, Bund, Polish Unity
|
5,993
|
0.52
|
List 14 - Popular Socialists and Cooperativists
|
4,391
|
0.38
|
List 5 - List without title
|
1,657
|
0.14
|
List 7 - United Jewish Socialist Labour Party (S.S. and E.S.)
|
1,482
|
0.13
|
List 11 - Ukrainian National Republican Group
|
1,070
|
0.09
|
List 4 - Poalei Zion
|
879
|
0.08
|
List 16 - Soviet of Peasants Deputies of Smenoi Rovno Village
|
445
|
0.04
|
Total:
|
1,149,256
|
|
|
Deputies Elected
Kovalyov
|
Ukrainian SR-SR alliance
|
Poloz
|
Ukrainian SR-SR alliance
|
Terletsky
|
Ukrainian SR-SR alliance
|
Galagan
|
Ukrainian SR
|
Ivchenko
|
Ukrainian SR
|
Kovalenko
|
Ukrainian SR
|
Kovalevsky
|
Ukrainian SR
|
Kulichenko
|
Ukrainian SR
|
Petrenko
|
Ukrainian SR
|
Polotsky
|
Ukrainian SR
|
Semenyaga
|
Ukrainian SR
|
Sten'ka
|
Ukrainian SR
|
Stepanenko
|
Ukrainian SR
|
Yanko
|
Ukrainian SR
|
|
Kharkov
|
The SR list in Kharkov was dominated by the left-wing, contesting jointly with the Ukrainian SRs. The rightwing pro-war SR faction had its own list, headed by E.K. Breshko-Breshkovskaia. [84] The Bolsheviks won the election in Kharkov city. [84]
|
Kharkov
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
List 5 -Socialist-Revolutionaries and Ukrainian SRs
|
795,558
|
72.82
|
List 3 - Bolsheviks
|
114,743
|
10.50
|
List 6 - Kadets
|
58,302
|
5.34
|
List 15 - SR Defencists
|
42,331
|
3.87
|
List 2 - Landowners
|
13,847
|
1.27
|
List 4 - Menshevik-Internationalists
|
12,192
|
1.12
|
List 11 - Popular Socialists
|
11,852
|
1.08
|
List 1 - [Orthodox] Parishes
|
10,478
|
0.96
|
List 12 - Commercial-Industrial
|
6,543
|
0.60
|
List 10 - Jewish National Bloc
|
6,366
|
0.58
|
List 9 - Menshevik Defencists
|
6,024
|
0.55
|
List 16 - Germans
|
5,221
|
0.48
|
List 7 - E. Abramov
|
3,776
|
0.35
|
List 14 - Unity
|
2,293
|
0.21
|
List 13 - Serp
|
917
|
0.08
|
List 8 - Poalei Zion
|
875
|
0.08
|
List 19 - Cooperators and Unity
|
590
|
0.05
|
List 18 - Peasants of Zmiyevsky Uezd
|
311
|
0.03
|
List 17 - Peasants of Sumy Uezd
|
229
|
0.02
|
Total:
|
1,092,448
|
|
|
Deputies Elected
Muranov
|
Bolshevik
|
Sergeyev
|
Bolshevik
|
Alekseev
|
SR
|
Dyakonov
|
SR
|
Kachinsky-Oreshin
|
SR
|
Karelin
|
SR
|
Kravchenko
|
SR
|
Mikhailichenko
|
SR
|
Ovcharenko
|
SR
|
Popov
|
SR
|
Severov-Odoyevsky
|
SR
|
Shkorbatov
|
SR
|
Streltsov
|
SR
|
Svyatitsky
|
SR
|
|
Ekaterinoslav
|
Ekaterinoslav was a large province; ethnically and economically diverse. [85] The Ekaterinoslav electoral district recorded the highest vote for a landowners list in the country. List 1 Landowners and Nonpartisan Progressives gathered 26,597 votes (2.2%), and was headed by Mikhail Rodzianko (an Octobrist leader, having served as the presiding officer in the 3rd and 4th Dumas, elected on the Stolypin franchise). [86] The conservative press reported a quiet and orderly election in the province.[62]
|
Ekaterinoslav
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
Seats
|
List 5 - Bloc of Ukrainian Socialist-Revolutionaries, Selyanska Spilka, Soviet of Peasant Deputies, Ukrainian Soc.-Dem. Labour Party
|
556,012
|
46.60
|
10
|
List 3 - Socialist-Revolutionaries
|
231,717
|
19.42
|
4
|
List 9 - Bolsheviks, Bakhmut Soviet of Peasants Deputies
|
213,163
|
17.87
|
4
|
List 10 - Jewish National Electoral Committee
|
37,032
|
3.10
|
|
List 7 - Kadets
|
27,551
|
2.31
|
|
List 12 - Mensheviks
|
26,909
|
2.26
|
|
List 1 - Landowners and Nonpartisan Progressives
|
26,597
|
2.23
|
|
List 14 - Russian Citizens of German Nationality
|
25,977
|
2.18
|
|
List 4 - Popular Socialists-Cooperative alliance
|
9,496
|
0.80
|
|
List 13 - Greek Settlement of Mariupol uezd
|
9,143
|
0.77
|
|
List 6 - Orthodox-Farmers alliance
|
8,068
|
0.68
|
|
List 15 - Unity
|
7,363
|
0.62
|
|
List 2 - United Jewish Socialist Labour Party (S.S. and E.S.)
|
5,831
|
0.49
|
|
List 11 - Bund
|
4,883
|
0.41
|
|
List 8 - Poalei Zion
|
3,307
|
0.28
|
|
Total:
|
1,193,049
|
|
18
|
|
Deputies Elected
Gvozdikovsky
|
SR
|
Popov
|
SR
|
Rosenblum
|
SR
|
Socheva
|
SR
|
Bachinsky
|
Ukrainian SR
|
Karpenko
|
Ukrainian SR
|
Korzh
|
Ukrainian SR
|
Mitsyuk
|
Ukrainian SR
|
Radomsky
|
Ukrainian SR
|
Romanenko
|
Ukrainian SR
|
Rosin
|
Ukrainian SR
|
Storubel
|
Ukrainian SR
|
Stromenko
|
Ukrainian SR
|
Surgae
|
Ukrainian SR
|
Averin
|
Bolshevik
|
Lutovinov
|
Bolshevik
|
Petrovsky
|
Bolshevik
|
Voroshilov
|
Bolshevik
|
|
Kherson
|
According to Radkey, the Odessa city results appeared complete, the Odessa uezd possibly incomplete, the Kherson uezd having results from 195 out of 223 voting centers, no indication about whether 2 other uezds' results were complete or not. From the remaining 2 uezds the results were missing altogether.[59]
D. Lvovich of Fareynikte elected as SR list candidate.[87]
|
Kherson
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
List 4 - Ukrainian SRs, SRs and the United Jewish Socialist Labour Party (S.S. and E.S.)
|
266,771
|
42.98
|
List 10 - Jewish Bloc
|
86,190
|
13.89
|
List 9 - Bolsheviks
|
81,826
|
13.18
|
List 8 - Ukrainian Soc.-Dem. Labour Party
|
63,159
|
10.18
|
List 5 - Kadets
|
53,770
|
8.66
|
List 3 - Russian Citizens of German Nationality
|
27,879
|
4.49
|
List 7 - Mensheviks-Bund
|
14,369
|
2.31
|
List 1 - [Orthodox] Clergy and Laymen
|
13,038
|
2.10
|
List 11 - Popular Socialists
|
5,626
|
0.91
|
List 2 - Russian Popular State Union (Rightists)
|
4,217
|
0.68
|
List 12 - Old Believers
|
2,188
|
0.35
|
List 6 - Poalei Zion
|
1,687
|
0.27
|
Total:
|
620,720
|
|
|
Deputies Elected
Gruzenberg
|
Jewish National Bloc
|
Tyomkin
|
Jewish National Bloc
|
Meiendorf
|
German
|
Asmolov
|
SR
|
Bontzarevich
|
SR
|
Eremenchuk
|
SR
|
Feofilaktov
|
SR
|
Gavrilyuk
|
SR
|
Glevenko
|
SR
|
Holubovych
|
SR
|
Gordievsky
|
SR
|
Lvovich
|
SR
|
Richter
|
SR
|
Trichevsky
|
SR
|
Troichuk
|
SR
|
Vekhtev
|
SR
|
Yuritsin
|
SR
|
Velikhov
|
Kadet
|
Chekhivsky
|
Ukrainian SD
|
Sklyar
|
Bolshevik
|
|
Bessarabia
|
Radkey's account is substantially incomplete. [88] According to Radkey, only the results from Kishinev and 3 out of 8 uezds could be gathered by scholars.[89] The 5 uezds left out of the count were more populous.[59] 17 lists were in the fray in Bessarabia. The demographics of the district were divided between Rumanians (48%), Ukrainians (20%) and Russians (8%). Among the elected deputies, SR deputies were Jewish or Russian, whilst the peasant soviet deputies were Rumanian.[89]
As per Serge, some 600,000 people took part in the vote, with the Peasant soviet obtaining some 200,000 votes, SRs 200,000 votes, Jewish national list 60,000, Kadets 40,000 and the Moldavian National Party 14,000.[90]
|
Bessarabia
Party
|
Vote (Radkey)
|
% (Radkey)
|
% (Rus)
|
List 2 - Socialist-Revolutionaries
|
85,349
|
33.63
|
31.6
|
List 1 - Soviet of Peasants' Deputies
|
69,085
|
27.22
|
35.3
|
List 9 - Jewish National Electoral Committee
|
28,785
|
11.34
|
10.2
|
List 8 - Bolsheviks- Menshevik-Internationalists
|
25,569
|
10.07
|
8.2
|
List 5 - Kadets
|
16,545
|
6.52
|
n/a
|
List 6 - Moldovan National Party and the Bessarabian Union of Credit and Savings Associations
|
6,643
|
2.62
|
2.1
|
List 3 - Union of Landowners
|
5,246
|
2.07
|
n/a
|
List 11- Ukrainian Socialist Organizations
|
4,241
|
1.67
|
4.1
|
List 4 - Bund-Mensheviks
|
1,438
|
0.57
|
n/a
|
List 10 - Bessarabian Popular Socialist Labour Party
|
376
|
0.15
|
n/a
|
List 7 - Socialist Party of the Workers of the South-East Railway
|
?
|
|
n/a
|
List 12 - Union of Citizens of German Nationality
|
?
|
|
n/a
|
List 13 - Cooperative Group
|
?
|
|
n/a
|
List 14 - 3rd section of the Telitsky volost of Bendery uezd
|
?
|
|
n/a
|
List 15 - Inhabitants of Telitsky volost
|
?
|
|
n/a
|
List 16 - 4th section of the Telitsky volost
|
?
|
|
n/a
|
List 17 - Poalei Zion
|
?
|
|
n/a
|
Unaccounted
|
10,536
|
4.15
|
n/a
|
Total:
|
253,813
|
|
n/a
|
|
|
Taurida
|
One peasant list had been denied registration.[50]
Taurida had a 54.74% voter turnout.[41] Radkey's account is missing Berdiansk uezd with some 3,400 electors and Vodiansk volost of Melitopol uezd.[59] All in all there were 753 precincts in the Taurida electoral district.[59]
|
Taurida
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
List 5 - Socialist-Revolutionaries
|
300,100
|
52.22
|
List 9 - Muslims
|
68,581
|
11.93
|
List 3 - Ukrainian Socialist-Revolutionaries
|
61,541
|
10.71
|
List 1 - Kadets
|
38,794
|
6.75
|
List 3 - Bolsheviks
|
31,612
|
5.50
|
List 10 - Germans
|
27,681
|
4.82
|
List 6 - Mensheviks
|
15,176
|
2.64
|
List 11 - Jewish Nationalists
|
13,986
|
2.43
|
List 12 - Landowner
|
7,715
|
1.34
|
List 2 - Popular Socialists
|
4,643
|
0.81
|
List 7 - Unity
|
2,273
|
0.40
|
List 8 - Poalei Zion
|
1,745
|
0.30
|
Molokan
|
885
|
0.15
|
Total:
|
574,732
|
|
|
Deputies Elected
Bogdanov
|
Kadet
|
Saltan
|
Ukrainian SR
|
Alyasov
|
SR
|
Bakuta
|
SR
|
Bondar
|
SR
|
Nikonov
|
SR
|
Popov
|
SR
|
Tolstov
|
SR
|
Zak
|
SR
|
Seidamet
|
Provisional Crimean Muslim Executive Committee
|
|
Don Cossack Region
|
The Provisional Government had provided a degree of autonomy to the Don region, recognizing the authority of the Cossacks over the land. In June 1917 General Alexey Kaledin was elected as ataman. The Kadets had sought to form a joint Kadet-Cossack list in the district, and a number of Kadet national leaders had visited the area ahead of the election. The effort failed, over differences of opinion on land ownership of non-Cossacks.[24]
|
Don Cossack Region
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
Seats
|
List 4 - Cossack
|
636,966
|
45.28
|
9
|
List 2 - Socialist-Revolutionaries
|
478,901
|
34.05
|
7
|
List 5 - Bolsheviks
|
205,497
|
14.61
|
3
|
List 6 - Kadets
|
43,345
|
3.08
|
|
List 8 - Mensheviks
|
17,504
|
1.24
|
|
List 3 - Old Believer
|
8,183
|
0.58
|
|
List 1 - Bloc of Socialists (right-wing socialists, incl. Unity)
|
5,718
|
0.41
|
|
List 9 - Landowners
|
5,457
|
0.39
|
|
List 7 - Popular Socialists-Cooperative alliance
|
5,049
|
0.36
|
|
Total:
|
1,406,620
|
|
19
|
|
Deputies Elected
Babin
|
SR
|
Kolesnikov
|
SR
|
Kurilov
|
SR
|
Mamonov
|
SR
|
Nikolaev
|
SR
|
Nikolsky
|
SR
|
Shvetsov
|
SR
|
Ageyev
|
Cossack
|
Arakantsev
|
Cossack
|
Bogaevsky
|
Cossack
|
Kaledin
|
Cossack
|
Kharlamov
|
Cossack
|
Melnikov
|
Cossack
|
Popov
|
Cossack
|
Ulanov
|
Cossack
|
Voronkov
|
Cossack
|
Lozovsky
|
Bolshevik
|
Syrtsov
|
Bolshevik
|
Vasilchenko
|
Bolshevik
|
|
Stavropol
|
In Pyatigorsk the Bolsheviks won some 8,000 votes, half of the votes from the town.[91]
|
Stavropol
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
Seats
|
List 1 - Socialist-Revolutionaries and Soviet of Peasants Deputies
|
291,395
|
88.69
|
6
|
List 2 - Bolsheviks
|
17,430
|
5.31
|
|
List 5 - Kadets
|
10,938
|
3.33
|
|
List 3 - Farmers
|
3,205
|
0.98
|
|
List 4 - [Orthodox] Clergy and Worshippers
|
3,078
|
0.94
|
|
List 7 - Mensheviks
|
1,836
|
0.56
|
|
List 6 - Popular Socialists- and Cooperativists
|
670
|
0.20
|
|
Total:
|
328,552
|
|
6
|
|
Deputies Elected
Bocharnikov
|
SR
|
Dementiev
|
SR
|
Emelyanov
|
SR
|
Garnitsky
|
SR
|
Gutorov
|
SR
|
Onipko
|
SR
|
|
Kuban-Black Sea
|
Kuban was fully engulfed by civil war by the time of the vote.[3] 16 seats had been allotted to the Kuban-Black Sea electoral district, but the election was only held in Ekaterinodar and some surrounding villages were the Kuban Territorial Council was in control. [92]ref name=Wade2004e/>
|
|
|
Ter-Dagestan
|
Voting was delayed in Ter-Dagestan and was held between November 26 and December 5. In some areas the votes were counted but not reported, in other areas votes were left uncounted. [93] In Radkey's account a complete result was only available for Vladikavkaz city. He includes sporadic results of the major parties in some towns and garrisons. Radkey's account contains no results from rural areas.[59]
Bolsheviks obtained 44% of the vote in Vladikavkaz. This situation could be compared to that by March 1917 the Bolshevik Party had been so weak in the city that it had been decided to form a joint Bolshevik-Menshevik Party Committee in the city.[91] According to Wade, the election was not carried through to completion in Ter-Dagestan.[3]
|
Terek-Dagestan
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
List 7 - Bolsheviks
|
21,495
|
55.95
|
List 5 - Kadets
|
7,725
|
20.11
|
List 8 - Socialist-Revolutionaries
|
4,292
|
11.17
|
List 1 - Cossack
|
3,062
|
7.97
|
List 4 - Mensheviks
|
958
|
2.49
|
List 9 - Chechen-Ingush Peoples
|
332
|
0.86
|
List 10 - Ukrainians
|
209
|
0.54
|
List 2 - Popular Socialists
|
53
|
0.14
|
List 3 - Muslim National Committee
|
?
|
|
List 6 - Kabardian and Balkarian people and the Russian population of the Nalchik district
|
?
|
|
List 11 - Dagestan Socialist Group
|
?
|
|
Unaccounted
|
291
|
0.76
|
Total:
|
38,417
|
|
|
|
Caspian
|
The Caspian electoral district, which included areas of the Kalmyk steppe of the Astrakhan Governorate, was thinly populated.[92] 1 seat was assigned to the constituency.[92] A special Pricaspian electoral district had been formed, including areas of the Kalmyk steppe of Astrakhan governorate.[5] The Pricaspian Oblast Election Commission was set up on September 16, 1917 by the Central Committee for the Kalmyk People's Administration.[5] The Chairman was B.E. Krishtafovich, CCKPA Chairman, accompanied by members I.O. Ochirov (assistant CCKPA chair), S.B. Bayanov, E.A. Sarangov, E.S. Bakayev and with F.I. Plyunov as its secretary.[5] On September 23, 1917 the Pricaspian Oblast Election Commission set up 52 electoral precincts: 10 in Maloderbetovsky ulus 10 precincts, 10 in Manychsky ulus, 7 in Yandyko-Mochaznyi ulus, 12 in Ikitsokhuro-Kharakhusovksy 12, 9 precincts in the uluses of Bagaotsokhuro-Khoshoutovsky and Erketenevsky and 4 precincts in the Kuma aimak of the Terek oblast (which initially had not been planned to be part of the Caspian Electoral District).[5] A list was submitted, signed by 137 electors, with the 33-year old lawyer Sandzhi Bayanovich Bayanov as its candidate.[5] Due to late arrival of electoral material, the vote was postponed to November 26-28, 1917.[5] The vote was reportedly held on these dates, in some places with very low turnout. Bayanov received a majority of votes.[5]
|
|
Deputies Elected
Bayanov
|
?
|
|
Transcaucasus
|
The vote was held November 26-28, within two weeks of the formation of the Transcaucasian Commissariat (Zavakom).[94] 15 lists were in the fray in Transcaucasus. [95]The three largest parties in Transcaucasus were the Mensheviks, the Musavat Party and the Armenian Revolutionary Federation (Dashnaksiun).[96] Whilst the Mensheviks were the most voted party, it should be noted that here Menshevism had become intertwined with Georgian nationalism. [97]Soon after the election, the Georgian Mensheviks would become openly nationalistic.[95]
Bolsheviks won the election Baku city (followed closely by Musavat and Dashnaksiun), Ittihad won the elections in the rural areas of Baku uezd, in the villages of the Absheron Peninsula. Musavat won most of the Azerbaijani vote in Baku guberniia, followed by Ittehad.[96] In Tiflis the Bolsheviks quadrupled their vote compared to the July 1917 city duma election.[98]
The numbers in the column to the right originate from Hovannisian (1967)[99] and Vestnik Evrazii (2004)[100] The source for Vestnik Evrazii for the results stems from the State Archive of the Russian Federation.[100]
These two references present a more complete account than that of Radkey. Radkey’s account lists a total of 1,887,453 votes, including 215,121 unspecified residue votes. [39] Radkey’s effort to map the votes in Transcaucasus was frustrated by the insistence of Soviet source to lump parties like Musavat and Dashnaksiun into a single bloc.[71]
Between Hovannisian and Vestnik Evrazii, the votes for the Mensheviks, Kadets, SRs and Bolsheviks are identical. Vestnik Evrazii presents the vote for the Popular Socialist list, which is not detailed in Hovannasian. Vestnik Evrazii groups the Dashnaks, the Muslim Socialist Bloc and Hummet together (825,672 votes) and 728,206 for Bourgeois parties (presumably including Musavat). In the case of Musavat, Hummet, Ittihad and Dashnaks, the figures from Hovannisian are used. Hovannisian does not present a total of votes, so the total from Vestnik Evrazii is utilized instead.
Comparing the account from Hovannisian with that of Swietochowski (2004)[94] the numbers for the Mensheviks, Musavat, the Muslim Socialist Bloc, SRs, Hummet and Ittihad are identical. The minor discrepancies between Hovannisian and Swietochowski are different vote for Bolshevik list (93,581 in Hovannisian and Vestnik Evrazii, 95,581 in Switeochowski), the Dashnaks got 40 votes more in Swietochowski’s account and Swietochowski lists a total of 2,455,274 (plus 2,172 compared to Vestnik Evrazii).[94] Maḣmudov (2004)[101] and Balaev (1998)[102] carries the same numbers as Swietochowski.
|
Transcaucasus
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
List 1 - Mensheviks
|
661,934
|
26.96
|
List 10 - Musavat Party
|
615,816
|
25.08
|
List 4 - Armenian Revolutionary Federation
|
558,440
|
22.74
|
List 12 - Muslim Socialist Bloc
|
159,770
|
6.51
|
List 3 - Socialist-Revolutionaries
|
117,522
|
4.79
|
List 5 - Bolsheviks
|
93,581
|
3.81
|
List 11 - Hummet
|
84,743
|
3.45
|
List 14 - Ittihad
|
66,505
|
2.71
|
List 8 - Georgian National Democrats
|
25,733
|
1.05
|
List 2 - Kadets
|
25,637
|
1.04
|
List 6 - Georgian Socialist-Federalists
|
22,754
|
0.93
|
List 7 - Armenian Populist Party
|
15,180
|
0.62
|
List 15 - Zionists
|
7,018
|
0.29
|
List 9 - Popular Socialists
|
570
|
0.02
|
List 13 - Transcaucasian Muslims
|
71
|
0.00
|
Total:
|
2,455,274
|
|
|
|
Tobolsk
|
Tobolsk hosted one of only 2 undivided Social Democratic lists in the fray across the country. [103] Soviet sources indicated that the Social Democratic list was Menshevik-dominated. [48]
Soviet sources reported voter turnout at a mere 33.5%.[41]
|
|
Deputies Elected
Sukhanov, A. S.
|
Peasants Union- Popular Socialists alliance
|
Barantsev
|
SR
|
Evdokimov
|
SR
|
Gul'tyaev
|
SR
|
Ivanitsky-Vasilenko
|
SR
|
Kotelnikov
|
SR
|
Krasnousov
|
SR
|
Mikhailov
|
SR
|
Mukhin
|
SR
|
Sukhanov, P. S.
|
SR
|
|
Steppe
|
Radkey's account only includes votes from Omsk and surroundings.[59] According to Wade (2004), it is unclear whether the election was carried through to completion in the electoral district.[3]
|
Steppe (only Omsk and surroundings)
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
List 3 - Bolsheviks
|
11,681
|
37.71
|
List 6 - Kadets
|
4,925
|
15.90
|
List 10 - United Socialists (Mensheviks-Rightwing Socialist Bloc)
|
4,712
|
15.21
|
List 8 - Socialist-Revolutionaries
|
4,018
|
12.97
|
List 11 - Kirghiz Socialists
|
1,841
|
5.94
|
List 4 - Menshevik-Internationalists
|
1,660
|
5.36
|
List 1 - Cossack
|
1,069
|
3.45
|
List 2 - [Orthodox] Clergy and Laymen
|
555
|
1.79
|
List 5 - Alash
|
181
|
0.58
|
List 7 - Tatars
|
?
|
|
List 9 - Cossacks-Socialists
|
?
|
|
List 12 - Germans
|
?
|
|
List 13 - Muslim-Democrats
|
?
|
|
List 14 - [Orthodox] Clergy and Laymen of Petropavlovsk
|
?
|
|
Unaccounted
|
332
|
1.07
|
Total:
|
30,974
|
|
|
|
Tomsk
|
3 out of 9 lists submitted were rejected by the electoral authorities, including a moderate Turko-Tatar list.[50][39]
12,046 votes were cast at the Tomsk garrison. The Bolshevik list won 69% of the votes there, with 8,316 votes. The SR list got 2,683 votes (22.27%), the Kadet list 385 votes (3.20%), Popular Socialist 278 votes (2.31%), 73 votes (0.61%) for the Menshevik list and 10 votes (0.08%) for the Cooperative list.[104]
|
|
Deputies Elected
Smirnov
|
Bolshevik
|
Grigoriev
|
SR
|
Lindberg
|
SR
|
Markov
|
SR
|
Markov
|
SR
|
Mikhailov
|
SR
|
Omelkov
|
SR
|
Semenov
|
SR
|
Shisharin
|
SR
|
Sukhomlin
|
SR
|
|
Altai
|
|
|
Deputies Elected
Devisorov
|
SR
|
Krivorotov
|
SR
|
Levin
|
SR
|
Lomshakov
|
SR
|
Lyubimov
|
SR
|
Ramazanov
|
SR
|
Rogovsky
|
SR
|
Rudnev
|
SR
|
Sotnin
|
SR
|
Shaposhnikov
|
SR
|
Shnyrev
|
SR
|
Kosorotov
|
SR
|
Shatilov
|
SR
|
|
Yenisei
|
1 submitted peasant list was rejected.[50] According to Radkey the results from Krasnoyarsk city and 5 out of 6 uezds appeared complete, with thinly populated Turukhansk uezd missing.[59]
|
|
Deputies Elected
Okulov
|
Bolshevik
|
Rogov
|
Bolshevik
|
Eideman
|
SR
|
Fomin
|
SR
|
Gurov
|
SR
|
Kolosov
|
SR
|
|
Irkutsk
|
|
|
Deputies Elected
Korshunov
|
SR
|
Krol
|
SR
|
Timofeev
|
SR
|
Vampiloon
|
Buryat
|
Gavrilov
|
Bolshevik
|
|
Transbaikal
|
6 out of the 15 submitted lists in Transbaikal were rejected.[50]
|
|
Deputies Elected
Bogdanov
|
Buryat National Committee
|
Dobromyslov
|
SR
|
Flegontov
|
SR
|
Kruglikov
|
SR
|
Pumpyanskiy
|
SR
|
Simakov
|
SR
|
Taskin
|
Transbaikal Cossacks
|
|
Amur-Maritime
|
The Amur-Maritime electoral district consisted of the Amur region and the Maritime province.[89] The election was held on time in the constituency. From the Maritime Province the results were seemingly complete. In areas north of the Amur river some problems in voting occurred, with 312 polling stations reporting and 77 didn't (another reference stated that no election had been held in some 50 polling stations). The constituency had no significant ethnic minority except Ukrainians[105]
The SRs had suffered a four-way split in the constituency, with the branches in Amur and Maritime contesting separately. Ahead of the election the Maritime Province Peasants Soviets threw out the SR party representatives and fielded a separate list (in Amur, however, the peasants soviets stayed loyal to the SR party).[89] There was also a left SR list, distinctively urban.[89]
In Khabarovsk, 5,445 out of 12,727 eligble voters cast their votes; Kadets 1,639 votes (30.10%), Maritime Province SR 968 votes (17.78%), Maritime Peasants Soviet 712 votes (13.08%), Mensheviks 662 votes (12.16%), Bolsheviks 652 votes (11.97%), Cossacks 623 votes (11.44%), Ukrainian Bloc 85 votes (1.56%), Amur SR 24 votes (0.44%) and Left SR 18 votes (0.33%).[106]
In Blagoveshchensk the Kadets finished in first place (with some 2,800 votes), followed by the Mensheviks (2,300 votes), Bolsheviks (1,983 votes) and Amur SRs (1,267) votes.[106] In Nikolayevsk-on-Amur 1,529 votes were cast; Kadets 411 votes (26.88%), Maritime Province SRs 400 votes (26.16%), Mensheviks 311 votes (20.34%), Bolsheviks 287 votes (18.77%) and others 120 votes (7.85%).[106]
|
Amur-Maritime
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
List 2 - Maritime Province Soviet of Peasants Deputies
|
56,718
|
27.08
|
List 7 - Amur Oblast Organization of Socialist-Revolutionaries
|
41,152
|
19.65
|
List 5 - Bolsheviks
|
40,850
|
19.50
|
List 3 - Amur and Ussuri Cossacks
|
22,612
|
10.80
|
List 9 - Kadets
|
17,233
|
8.23
|
List 4 - Mensheviks
|
15,458
|
7.38
|
List 1 - Maritime Province Socialist-Revolutionaries
|
6,513
|
3.11
|
List 8 - SRs of Vladivostok, Nikolayevsk-on-Amur and Spassk (leftist Socialist-Revolutionaries)
|
5,805
|
2.77
|
List 6 - Amur Oblast Ukrainian Council
|
3,125
|
1.49
|
Total:
|
209,466
|
|
|
Deputies Elected
Mandrikov
|
Maritime Peasants Soviet
|
Petrov
|
Maritime Peasants Soviet
|
Sorokin
|
Maritime Peasants Soviet
|
Vykhristov
|
Maritime Peasants Soviet
|
Kozhevnikov
|
Amur and Ussuri Cossacks
|
Neibut
|
Bolshevik
|
Alekseevsky
|
Amur SR
|
|
Chinese Eastern Railroad
|
The Chinese Eastern Railroad electoral district was located outside the borders of Russia.[3] In March 1917, in response to the abdication of the Tsar, Lieutenant General Dmitri Horvath (the Chinese Eastern Railroad Zone administrator since 1902) proclaimed an 'All Russian Provisional Government' based in Harbin.[107][108][109] However, Horvath's regime was soon challenged by emergence of soviet power in the Chinese Eastern Railroad Zone (to the dismay of Western powers).[107] Nevertheless, Harbin was far detached from events in Petrograd and a more liberal atmosphere prevailed in Russian politics there; foreign diplomats took note that the monarchist Horvath and the Bolshevik leader Martemyan Ryutin could meet for lunch at the Railway Club in Harbin.[110]
Four candidates were nominated for the Chinese Eastern Railroad seat; Horvath ran as the Kadet candidate, representing the pre-revolutionary status quo. Nikolai Strelkov of the Railwaymens' Union contested as the Menshevik candidate, the Jewish businessman and Chair of the Chinese Eastern Railroad Executive Committee Faytel Volfovich was the SR candidate and the ensign and Harbin Soviet chairman Ryutin the Bolshevik candidate.[111][112][113][110]
The vote was held for the Chinese Eastern Railroad seat on November 29, 1917.[112] The voter turnout stood at around 60%.[111]
According to a contemporary account published in the organ of the Nikolsk-Ussuriysky Soviet (whose totals differ somewhat from the figures of Radkey), the vote in Harbin was won by Strelkov (4,874 votes, 31.74%), followed by Horvath (4,450 votes, 28.98%), Ryutin (4,412 votes, 28.73%) and Volfovich (1,620 votes, 10.55%).[106] In the 26 precincts of the western line, Ryutin was the most vote candidate (5,991 votes, 38.25%), followed by Strelkov (5,845 votes, 37.32%), Volfovich (2,519 votes, 16.08%) and Horvath (1,307 votes, 8.35%).[106] In the four precincts of the eastern line, Ryutin emerged as the winner with 1,461 votes (39.84%), followed by Strelkov (1,187 votes, 32.37%), Volfovich (831 votes, 22.66%) and Horvath (188 votes, 5.13%).[106]
|
|
Deputies Elected
Strelkov
|
Menshevik
|
|
Yakutsk
|
An election was held and deputies elected, but Radkey was unable to trace the any voting figures.[92]
|
|
Deputies Elected
Xenophonov
|
Federal Labour Union
|
Pankratov
|
SR
|
|
Kamchatka
|
The vote was held in the Kamchatka electoral on October 29, 1917, well ahead of the rest of the country, in order to allow its sole deputy to be able to catch the last steamship to Petrograd to attend the opening of the Constituent Assembly.[3] Radkey claims to only have been able to trace results from the town of Zavoyko, but the Zavoyko poll was disqualified as the vote had been held one day in advance.[59] 275 people had voted in Zavoyko, 258 of them for SR, 9 for Social Democrats and 8 for others. [39]
|
|
Deputies Elected
Lavrov
|
SR
|
|
Horde
|
The Horde (or 'Orda') electoral district covered the areas of the Bukey Horde in the Transvolga.[3] Khanskaya Stavka was the administrative center of the electoral district.[3] According to Radkey, 2 lists had registered in the Horde electoral district. As per Radkey's account, no information on whether election was held.[39] As per Wade (2004), members of the local revolutionary committee began arresting the District Election Commission officials as the vote tallying was ongoing.[3]
|
|
Deputies Elected
Kulmanov
|
Alash
|
Tanachev
|
Alash
|
|
Uralsk
|
|
Uralsk
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
List 1 - Ural Regional Kirghiz Committee
|
278,014
|
75.01
|
List 3 - Military Committee of the Ural Cossack Host
|
61,476
|
16.59
|
List 4 - Soviet of Peasants and Non-Resident Deputies
|
26,059
|
7.03
|
List 2 - Socialist-Revolutionaries
|
5,076
|
1.37
|
Total:
|
370,625
|
|
|
Deputies Elected
Alibekov
|
Ural Regional Kirghiz Committee
|
Dosmukhamedov, J. D.
|
Ural Regional Kirghiz Committee
|
Dosmukhamedov, K. D.
|
Ural Regional Kirghiz Committee
|
Ipmagambetov
|
Ural Regional Kirghiz Committee
|
Karatlev
|
Ural Regional Kirghiz Committee
|
Borodin
|
Cossack
|
|
Turgai
|
According to Radkey the vote was held in one uezd, but that the result was not known.[39]
|
|
Deputies Elected
Baitursynov
|
Alash
|
Berimzhanov
|
Alash
|
Doshchanov
|
Alash
|
Temirov
|
Alash
|
Pakhomov
|
SR
|
|
Transcaspian
|
The Transcaspian electoral district was assigned 2 seats in the Constituent Assembly.[92] According to Radkey, an election was held but results not known.[92] Per Wade (2004), it is certain that no election took place in the Transcaspian electoral district.[3]
|
|
|
Samarkand
|
Samarkand was assigned 5 seats.[92] According to Radkey, an election was held but results were not known to him.[92]
|
|
Deputies Elected
Abdukhalilov
|
Muslim organizations of the Samarkand region
|
Behbudiy
|
Muslim organizations of the Samarkand region
|
Farhatov
|
Muslim organizations of the Samarkand region
|
Maksudi
|
Muslim organizations of the Samarkand region
|
|
Amu Darya
|
According to Radkey, not known whether voting took place, no results. 1 seat had been allotted to Amu Darya.[92] Per Wade (2004), it is certain that no election took place in Amu Darya.[3]
|
|
|
Syr Darya
|
Voting was postponed until mid-Dec 1917, then to January 19, 1918.[93] In the end no vote ever took place.[93][3] 9 seats had been allotted to Syr Darya.[92]
|
|
|
Fergana
|
Election was held and deputies elected, but Radkey unable to trace the any voting figures.[92] Seemingly, per Soviet sources cited by Radkey, there were 5 deputies elected from Fergana, out of whom 1 SR.[60]
|
|
Deputies Elected
Khodzhaev
|
Muinil Islam Society
|
Tyuryayev
|
Muinil Islam Society
|
Akaev
|
All-Fergana List of Muslim Organizations
|
Chaykin
|
All-Fergana List of Muslim Organizations
|
Shokay
|
All-Fergana List of Muslim Organizations
|
Mirza-Akhmedov
|
All-Fergana List of Muslim Organizations
|
Shagiakhmetov
|
All-Fergana List of Muslim Organizations
|
Shashahmedov
|
All-Fergana List of Muslim Organizations
|
Urazaev
|
All-Fergana List of Muslim Organizations
|
Yuldash-Kariev
|
All-Fergana List of Muslim Organizations
|
Yurgul-Agayev
|
All-Fergana List of Muslim Organizations
|
|
Semirechie
|
The electoral battle in Semirechie stood between a general soviet list (SRs and Mensheviks) and the Kirgiz-Cossack alliance. The Bolshevik list had been banned. [39]
|
Semirechie
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
List 3 - Bloc of the Kirghiz Party Alash and other Muslims
(Alash-Semirechie Cossack Host)
|
219,832
|
52.85
|
List 2 - Bloc of Socialists of Verny Town, Soviet of Peasants Deputies, Soviet of Soldiers and Workers Deputies, Kirghiz Socialist Party "Fukhara" (Socialist-Revolutionaries, Mensheviks)
|
167,793
|
40.34
|
List 1 - Tarachin Population of Dzharkent Uezd (Uighur-Dungan alliance)
|
28,368
|
6.82
|
Total:
|
415,993
|
|
|
Deputies Elected
Shebalin
|
Socialist Bloc
|
Tynyshpaev
|
Socialist Bloc
|
Amanzholov
|
Alash-Cossack alliance
|
Jainakov
|
Alash-Cossack alliance
|
Saurambaev
|
Alash-Cossack alliance
|
Shendrikov
|
Alash-Cossack alliance
|
|
Baltic Fleet
|
The Baltic Fleet was a revolutionary bastion.[79] Electoral participation stood at around 70%. 76% of sailors voted, but the sailors were outnumbered by workers and soldiers at the naval bases.[41] Baltic Fleet used a separate electoral system, where the voter could vote for two individual candidates rather than fixed party lists.[114][115]
The Bolsheviks in Tsentrobalt submitted their petition, with some two hundred signatures, to the electoral commission on October 12, 1917.[115] Their list had Lenin as its first candidate and with Pavel Dybenko as its second name.[115] Whilst the conducting the election campaign, the Bolsheviks in the Baltic Fleet prepared their role in the pending uprising against the Provisional Government.[115]
On the diametrical opposite end of the political spectrum was the Officers' Union or PROMOR. Different officers groups had emerged in the wake of the February Revolution, with the Union of Naval Officers of Revel (SMOR) being the most dynamic.[115] SMOR was led by Commander Boris Dudorov, who would be named Deputy Minister of War for the Navy under Kerensky.[116] In Helsingfors the first officers' union had been formed on March 10, 1917, led by captains I. I. Rengarten and Prince M. B. Cherkassky.[117] This group had some 200 followers, including SR-oriented officers.[117] The Rengarten-Cherkassky liberal group was initially affiliated with the Union of Officer-Republicans of the People's Army, but this bond did not last as the latter platform shifted further to the left.[115] A more right-wing oriented and larger group in Helsingfors was formed on March 22, 1917; the Union of Union of Officer-Republicans, Doctors and Officials of the Army and Navy of the Sveaborg Base with Lt. Vladimir Demchinsky as its chairman.[115][117] Demchinsky's group included Kadets and conservatives, and opposed socialism.[117] SMOR and Demchinsky's group supported the Provisional Government and opposed to revolutionary and antiwar politics in the navy. There were also smaller groups of officials (such as in Åbo).[115][117] On May 23, 1917 the different officers' groups united in the 'All-Baltic Professional Union of Officers, Doctors and Officials of the Fleet and Bases of the Baltic Sea' or PROMOR.[115] The Officers' Union candidates for the Constituent Assembly were Demchinsky and Rengarten.[115]
The official SR list for the Baltic Fleet constituency was dominated by the left-wing.[115] Its candidates were Prosh Proshian and Pavel Shishko.[115] The right-wing SRs fielded Sergey Tsion (leader of the 1906 Sveaborg rebellion) and Maslov as their candidates.[115] The fifth and last candidature was a supposedly non-partisan group with Lopatin and Magnitzky as their candidates.[118]
The election campaign received plenty attention in the fleet newspapers.[115] The campaign of non-Bolshevik candidates was largely confined to Helsingfors.[115] The outcome of the vote indicated strong dissatisfaction with the performance of the Provisional Government, as the combined Bolshevik/Left SR vote stood at around 85% (the highest of all electoral constituencies nationwide).[115] Radkey claims Dybenko was the most voted Bolshevik candidate, placing Lenin second.[114] Dybenko was himself a sailor, and likewise in the case of the SRs sailor candidates Shisko and Maslov scored higher votes than non-sailor political leaders.[115]
Saul (1978) expresses strong concerns over the accuracy of the result presented by Radkey.[115] Saul (1978) reports the following result from the Helsingfors region of the Baltic Fleet electoral district (with results from 97 out of 100 electoral precincts); 22,670 votes for Dybenko, 22,237 votes for Lenin, 13,617 votes for Shishko, 12,906 votes for Proshian, 7,620 votes for Maslov, 7,351 votes for Tsion, 855 votes for Demchinsky and 838 votes for Rengarten.[115] According to Soviet sources the non-partisan group got one percent of the votes in Helsingfors.[115] In Kronstadt a 84% vote for the Bolsheviks was recorded.[115] On the battleships the Bolsheviks won some 70% of the vote, whilst the (left) SRs dominated the vote in the Åbo–Åland region (which had smaller ships).[115]
|
|
|
Black Sea Fleet
|
|
|
|
Northern Front
|
Voter turnout stood at 72.36482% per official records.[41]
|
|
|
Western Front
|
The result for Muslim Socialists stems from a newspaper report in Russkiye Vedomosti, which had data from 472 out of 602 voting centres. [119]
|
Western Front
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
List 9 - Bolsheviks
|
653,430
|
66.95
|
List 12 - Socialist-Revolutionaries and the Soviet of Peasants Deputies of the Armies of the Western Front
|
180,582
|
18.50
|
List 1 - Ukrainian SRs and Ukrainian Social Democratic Labour Party
|
85,062
|
8.72
|
List 2 - Muslim Socialists
|
16,846
|
1.73
|
List 3 - Kadets
|
16,750
|
1.72
|
List 5 - Mensheviks-Bund
|
5,622
|
0.58
|
List 4 - Belorussian Socialist Party (Gromada) and the Congress of Belorussian Soldiers of the Western Front
|
4,380
|
0.45
|
List 6 - Russian Democratic Party
|
3,055
|
0.31
|
List 10 - Bloc of Popular Socialists, Unity and right-wing SRs (based around the Volya Naroda newspaper)
|
2,840
|
0.29
|
List 7
|
?
|
|
List 8
|
?
|
|
List 11
|
?
|
|
Unaccounted
|
7,433
|
0.76
|
Total:
|
976,000
|
|
|
Deputies Elected
Bazyak
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Lebedinets
|
Ukrainian Bloc
|
Morgenstiern
|
SR
|
Nikolayev
|
SR
|
Zetel-Zusman
|
SR
|
Anuchin
|
Bolshevik
|
Apeter
|
Bolshevik
|
Fedenev
|
Bolshevik
|
Ksenofontov
|
Bolshevik
|
Kukonkov
|
Bolshevik
|
Lysyakov
|
Bolshevik
|
Miasnikian
|
Bolshevik
|
Rogozinsky
|
Bolshevik
|
Grzelszczak
|
Bolshevik
|
Tikhmenev
|
Bolshevik
|
Vasiliev
|
Bolshevik
|
Yakovlev
|
Bolshevik
|
|
South-Western Front
|
|
South-Western Front
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
List 1 - Socialist-Revolutionaries and Soviet of Peasants Deputies of the South-Western Front
|
402,930
|
40.00
|
List 4 - Bolsheviks
|
292,626
|
29.05
|
List 3 - Ukrainian Socialist-Revolutionaries, Ukrainian Soc.-Dem. Labour Party and Socialist-Cossacks
|
168,354
|
16.71
|
List 2 - Mensheviks
|
79,630
|
7.90
|
List 6 - Socialist Group of Muslim Soldiers of the South-Western Front
|
32,910
|
3.27
|
List 7 - Kadets List 10 - Kadets and Allies
|
13,724
|
1.36
|
List 9 - Popular Socialists
|
3,084
|
0.31
|
List 5 - Unity and Non-Partisans, United by the Desire to Save the Motherland
|
?
|
|
List 8 - Congress of the Delegates of Polish Servicemen
|
?
|
|
Unaccounted
|
14,165
|
1.41
|
Total:
|
1,007,423
|
|
|
|
Rumanian Front
|
To Radkey some 12,000-15,000 votes appeared to be missing from official records.[119]
|
Romanian Front
Party
|
Vote
|
%
|
List 3 - Socialist-Revolutionaries and Soviet of Peasants Deputies
|
666,438
|
59.05
|
List 1 - United Ukrainian Socialists
|
186,219
|
16.50
|
List 6 - Bolsheviks
|
173,804
|
15.40
|
List 4 - Mensheviks
|
36,115
|
3.20
|
List 2 - Muslim Socialists
|
23,136
|
2.05
|
List 7 - Kadets
|
21,443
|
1.90
|
List 5 - Popular Socialists
|
4,514
|
0.40
|
List 9 -Lettish Soldiers
|
3,386
|
0.30
|
List 8 - Moldovan SRs
|
?
|
|
Unaccounted
|
13,545
|
1.20
|
Total:
|
1,128,600
|
|
|
Deputies Elected
Grischenko
|
Ukrainian Socialist Bloc
|
Petliura
|
Ukrainian Socialist Bloc
|
Pisnachevsky
|
Ukrainian Socialist Bloc
|
Ternichenko
|
Ukrainian Socialist Bloc
|
Abramov
|
SR
|
Alekseevsky
|
SR
|
Andrianov
|
SR
|
Bocharnikov
|
SR
|
Bylinkin
|
SR
|
Erofeev
|
SR
|
Ilinskiy
|
SR
|
Kotlin
|
SR
|
Krakovetsky
|
SR
|
Lordkipanidze
|
SR
|
Markov
|
SR
|
Shmelyov
|
SR
|
Krylenko
|
Bolshevik
|
Mostovenko
|
Bolshevik
|
Ryazanov
|
Bolshevik
|
Solers
|
Bolshevik
|
|
Caucasian Front
|
Radkey's summary only includes votes from Erzerum fortress, with 16,824 votes. [120] However, the Ukrainian vote in Erzerum was missing in the source material available to Radkey.[119]
|
|
Deputies Elected[40]
Berezov
|
SR
|
Donskoy
|
SR
|
Mikhailov
|
SR
|
Pyzhev
|
SR
|
Tumanov
|
SR
|
Badaev
|
Bolshevik
|
|
Russian forces in France and the Balkans
|
The Russian Expeditionary Force in France and the Salonika Front formed an electoral district of its own, with some 50,000 eligible voters.[3] According to Wade (2004) it is unclear whether any election took place in the electoral district.[3]
|
|
|