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Venus Bay, South Australia

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Venus Bay
South Australia
The entrance to Venus Bay
Population139 (2006 census)[1]
Established1864[2]
Postcode(s)5607
Elevation1 m (3 ft)
Location665 km (413 mi) North West of Adelaide
LGA(s)District Council of Elliston
State electorate(s)Flinders
Federal division(s)Grey

Venus Bay (formerly Parkin) is a small tourist and fishing town sited on the bay of the same name, on the Eyre Peninsula in South Australia. The town population numbers in the twenties during most of the year, but its numbers greatly increase during the summer holidays. At the 2006 census, Venus Bay had a population of 139.[1] The town also serves the professional fishermen who fish the Southern Ocean.

History

Venus Bay, as with most of the coast of the Eyre Peninsula was first recorded by Captain Matthew Flinders in 1802, during his attempt to map the coast of southern Australia, although he did not land, did not name it, and had no idea of its extent. The first Europeans to explore the bay were the party which landed from the brig Nerus in March 1839, comprising Captain F.R. Lees, David McLaren, and Samuel Stephens, the latter two being the current and former Colonial Managers of the South Australian Company, who were examining the West Coast for potential special surveys, but they also did not name it.[3] Sheep pastoralists soon followed, and in 1850, in order to load wool, the bay was first entered by a vessel, Robert Venn's schooner Venus, 60 tons, from which the bay took its name. The Venus continued to trade along the coast, carrying wool, wheat, and passengers, until she was sold to NSW in 1952, where she was wrecked at Cronulla on 22 July.[4]

The town was established after a whaling station was built in the 1850s, and for twenty years it existed as no more than a shop, hotel and police station. In 1855 there were eleven Aboriginal mounted constables of the Native Police Force stationed at Venus Bay under Sergeant Eyre.[5] The focus of the town soon turned from wool and pastoralism to agriculture as the area was opened for cereal cropping in the 1870s. The town was surveyed in August 1864 and was subsequently given the name "Parkin" (also spelt as Parkyn in one source) in honour of William Parkin, who was notable as a businessman, politician and philanthropist. The name of the town was officially changed to "Venus Bay" in July 1940.[2][6][7]

The township was abandoned by 1900, but was revitalised in the 1920s when it became the base for a commercial fishing operation.[8] This led to a school being established in 1939 which, however, closed in 1955.[9]

Environment

The town of Venus Bay lies on the bay of the same name, with numerous tidal flats, shallow lagoons, mangroves, islands, and a number of deep channels that carry water in and out of the bay. The entrance is lined by towering cliffs, as is much of the coast, but in the bay, the landscape is flat lying, with much of this land used for agricultural purposes. The bay is highly sheltered, contrasting to the entrance where large swells constantly batter the coast.

Important Bird Area

The bay, with its wetlands and beaches, has been identified as an 83 km2 Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International because it regularly supports over 1% of the world populations of pied and sooty oystercatchers as well as small numbers of fairy terns.[10]

Economy

The economy of the town is heavily dependent on commercial fishing, with a number of boats using Venus Bay as an offloading base, where fish, lobster and abalone are transported for sale. Agriculture does impact the town’s economy, but the agricultural areas are more centralised toward Port Kenny.[8]

Tourism

Venus Bay also relies heavily on tourism, particularly during the summer, where its small caravan park regularly fills up. Venus Bay is primarily a fishing and water sport based destination, with the sheltered waters providing small boat users a safe fishing environment. The bay is known to hold whiting, salmon, garfish, snook, tommy ruff, flathead and gummy shark, with most of these caught off the town’s jetty also.[11]

There are several tourist walks near the town, as well as drives to surrounding areas such as Talia Caves and Mount Camel Beach. Daily supplies and accommodation are available from the licensed general store and cafe, as well as other accommodation in the caravan park and private beach houses.[12] The northern end of the Lake Newland Conservation Park lies about 20 km to the south of the town.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 October 2007). "Venus Bay (State Suburb)". 2006 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 30 October 2011.
  2. ^ a b "Search results on Property Location Browser for Parkin (SA0053568)". Land Services Commission, Department of Planning, Transport and Infrastructure. Retrieved 2 April 2015.
  3. ^ Their reports were published in Royal S.A. Almanack 1840 (Thomas & Co) and reappeared Southern Australian 22 December 1843, p2.
  4. ^ Sydney Morning Herald, 13Feb1852,p1; 30Jun1952,p2
  5. ^ S.A. Police Commissioner's Report, Register newspaper, 13 November 1855, p.2
  6. ^ "Colonial Nomenclature. To the editor (from) Cupid". The South Australian Advertiser. 30 May 1865. p. 2. Retrieved 2 April 2015.
  7. ^ "Popular Place Names Adopted, Original Official Names Abandoned". Port Lincoln Times. 1 August 1940. p. 6. Retrieved 2 April 2015.
  8. ^ a b Sydney Morning Herald Tourism (8 February 2004), Port Kenny and Venus Bay, The Sydney Morning Herald, retrieved 25 May 2007
  9. ^ Manning Index of South Australia, Venus Bay, retrieved 25 May 2007
  10. ^ "IBA: Venus Bay". Birdata. Birds Australia. Archived from the original on 6 July 2011. Retrieved 19 November 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  11. ^ Tourism EP, Fishing Key, retrieved 25 May 2007
  12. ^ Waterways in South Australia, Venus Bay, retrieved 25 May 2007
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