2018 in paleomammalogy: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 17:47, 9 April 2018

This article records new taxa of fossil mammals of every kind are scheduled to be described during the year 2018, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to paleontology of mammals that are scheduled to occur in the year 2018.

Metatherians

A study on the changes of the global diversity of metatherians through time based on a new dataset of metatherian fossil occurrences is published by Bennett et al. (2018).^[1]
A study on the morphological diversity of sparassodonts and its implications for the structure of the terrestrial carnivore guild from the middle Cenozoic of South America is published by Croft et al. (2018).^[2]
A study on the age of thylacine and Tasmanian devil fossils from the mainland Australia and their implications for estimating the time of extinction in mainland Australia for both species is published by White et al. (2018).^[3]
A study on the phylogenetic relationships of Palaeopotorous priscus is published by den Boer & Kear (2018), who interpret this taxon as a probable non-macropodoid macropodiform marsupial.^[4]
Revision of the taxonomic status of fossil kangaroo relatives attributed to the genera Ganawamaya and Nambaroo is published by Butler et al. (2018), who also describe new fossil material of Ganawamaya couperi (formerly assigned to the genus Nambaroo), Ganawamaya acris and G. aediculis.^[5]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Coloradolops^[6]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Chornogubsky et al.	Middle Eocene	Quebrada de Los Colorados Formation	Argentina	A member of Bonapartherioidea belonging to the family Prepidolopidae. Genus includes new species C. cardonensis.
Fumodelphodon^[7]	Gen. et sp. nov	In press	Cohen	Late Cretaceous (Turonian)	Straight Cliffs Formation	United States ( Utah)	A member of Stagodontidae. Genus includes new species F. pulveris.
Herpetotherium tabrumi^[8]	Sp. nov	In press	Korth	Late Paleogene (Chadronian)		United States ( Montana Nebraska North Dakota)
Hoodootherium^[7]	Gen. et sp. nov	In press	Cohen	Late Cretaceous (Turonian)	Straight Cliffs Formation	United States ( Utah)	A member of Stagodontidae. Genus includes new species H. praeceps.
Miminipossum^[9]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Archer et al.	Miocene	Riversleigh World Heritage Area Wipajiri Formation	Australia	A member of Phalangerida belonging to the new family Miminipossumidae. The type species is M. notioplanetes.
Perameles papillon^[10]	Sp. nov	Valid	Travouillon & Phillips	Holocene	Nullarbor Plain	Australia	A long-nosed bandicoot.
Varalphadon janetae^[11]	Sp. nov	Valid	Carneiro	Late Cretaceous (late Cenomanian to early Coniacian)	Naturita Formation Straight Cliffs Formation	United States ( Utah)	A member of Sparassodonta.

Eutherians

A study on the causes of the increase of body size in aquatic mammals, based on data on the body masses of living and fossil mammals, is published by Gearty, McClain & Payne (2018).^[12]
A study on the evolution and interconnectedness of the mammal faunas living in the Old World savannas in the Neogene is published by Kaya et al. (2018).^[13]
Faith (2018) evalutes the aridity index, a widely used technique for reconstructing local paleoclimate and water deficits from oxygen isotope composition of fossil mammal teeth, arguing that in some taxa altered drinking behavior (influencing oxygen isotope composition of teeth) might have been caused by dietary change rather than water deficits.^[14]^[15]^[16]
A revision of the mammal fauna from the Miocene site of Bukwa (Uganda) and a study on the age of this fauna is published by Cote et al. (2018), who interpret their finding as indicating that a significant faunal turnover may have occurred in East Africa between 20 and 19 million years ago.^[17]
A study on the distance of seed dispersal by extant and extinct mammalian frugivores and on the impact of the extinction of Pleistocene megafauna on seed dispersal is published by Pires et al. (2018).^[18]
A study on the diet and habitat of ungulates from the Middle Pleistocene site of Fontana Ranuccio (Italy) as indicated by their tooth wear is published by Strani et al. (2018).^[19]
A study on the response of large ungulates to the palaeoenvironmental changes that occurred at the passage between the Gelasian and Calabrian in the Italian Peninsula, based on the dental wear patterns and hypsodonty of the ungulates from the fossil assemblage of Olivola (Aulla, Italy), is published by Strani et al. (2018).^[20]
A study on the ungulate and carnivoran carrying capacity of the late Early and early Middle Pleistocene ecosystems of Europe is published by Rodríguez & Mateos (2018).^[21]
A study evaluating how the mammoth steppe ecosystem with its expected low vegetation productivity managed to support a high diversity and density of large mammalian herbivores during the Last Glacial Maximum is published by Zhu et al. (2018).^[22]

Xenarthrans

A study on the species distribution of 15 fossil xenarthrans from the late Pleistocene of South America will be published by Varela et al. (2018).^[23]
A study on the microwear patterns in the teeth of the Oligocene sloths Orophodon hapaloides and Octodontotherium grande, as well its implications for inferring the diet of these taxa, will be published by Kalthoff & Green (2018).^[24]
A study on the anatomy of the ear region in Glossotherium robustum and on the evolution of the inner ear anatomy in the xenarthrans is published by Boscaini et al. (2018).^[25]
A study on the feet anatomy of the fossil sloths Megatherium and Eremotherium, as well as its implications for inferring the degree to which their feet were habitually inverted, will be published by Toledo et al. (2018).^[26]
A study on the impact of climate changes on the distribution of armadillos as indicated by fossil record will be published by Soibelzon (2018).^[27]
A study on the morphology and histology of glyptodont osteoderms from the Gruta do Urso cave (Brazil), representing the first juvenile specimen of Glyptotherium described from the Late Pleistocene of South America, is published by Luna et al. (2018).^[28]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Neoglyptatelus uruguayense^[29]	Sp. nov	In press	Fernicola et al.	Late Miocene	Camacho Formation	Uruguay	A member of Cingulata.
Pattersonocnus^[30]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Rincón et al.	Late Miocene	Urumaco Formation	Venezuela	A sloth belonging to the family Megalonychidae. The type species is P. diazgameroi.
Urumacocnus^[30]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Rincón et al.	Late Miocene	Urumaco Formation	Venezuela	A sloth belonging to the family Megalonychidae. The type species is U. urbanii.

Afrotherians

A study on the anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of the elephant shrew Chambius kasserinensis based on known and newly described fossil remains from the Eocene of Tunisia is published by Tabuce (2018).^[31]
Description of the anatomy of middle and inner ears of the golden mole Namachloris arenatans from the Palaeogene of Namibia is published by Mason, Bennett & Pickford (2018).^[32]
A method to estimate the body mass of extinct proboscideans on the basis of skull remains is presented by Jukar, Lyons & Uhen (2018).^[33]
A study on the evolution of the cheek teeth displacement mechanism in elephantiform proboscideans is published by Sanders (2018).^[34]
Mothé, Ferretti & Avilla (2018) support the validity of Notiomastodon as a genus separate from Stegomastodon, arguing that members of the genus Stegomastodon were absent from South America.^[35]
A study on the diet of the Columbian mammoths, pygmy mammoths and American mastodons as indicated by tooth wear is published by Smith & Desantis (2018).^[36]
A study on the evolutionary history of the family Elephantidae based on 14 genomes from extant and fossil elephantids and from the American mastodon is published by Palkopoulou et al. (2018).^[37]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Promicrogale^[38]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Pickford	Early Miocene		Namibia	A tenrec. The type species is P. namibiensis.
Sobrarbesiren^[39]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Díaz-Berenguer et al.	Eocene (Lutetian)	Sobrarbe Formation	Spain	A sirenian of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is S. cardieli.

Bats

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Mops kerio^[40]	Sp. nov	In press	Gunnell & Manthi	Pliocene	Kanapoi site	Kenya	A species of Mops.
Mops turkwellensis^[40]	Sp. nov	In press	Gunnell & Manthi	Pliocene	Kanapoi site	Kenya	A species of Mops.
Rousettus pattersoni^[40]	Sp. nov	In press	Gunnell & Manthi	Pliocene	Kanapoi site	Kenya	A species of Rousettus.
Saccolaimus kenyensis^[40]	Sp. nov	In press	Gunnell & Manthi	Pliocene	Kanapoi site	Kenya	A species of Saccolaimus.
Turkanycteris^[40]	Gen. et sp. nov	In press	Gunnell & Manthi	Pliocene	Kanapoi site	Kenya	A very large fruit bat, larger than all extant fruit bats other than some species of Pteropus and Hypsignathus. Genus includes new species T. harrisi.
Vulcanops^[41]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Hand et al.	Early Miocene	Bannockburn Formation	New Zealand	A New Zealand short-tailed bat. The type species is V. jennyworthyae.

Odd-toed ungulates

Tooth anomalies in two juvenile specimens of the Miocene rhinoceros Prosantorhinus germanicus are described by Böhmer & Rössner (2018), who discuss probable causes of these anomalies.^[42]
A study on the digit reduction in the evolution of horses is published by Solounias et al. (2018).^[43]
A revised diagnosis and a description of the anatomy of the Miocene hipparionine species Sivalhippus ptychodus and S. platyodus from China is published by Sun et al. (2018).^[44]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Ardynia ordosensis^[45]	Sp. nov	In press	Bai, Wang & Zhang	Late Eocene		China	A member of the family Hyracodontidae.
Chilotherium licenti^[46]	Sp. nov	In press	Sun, Li & Deng	Late Miocene		China
Epimanteoceras mae^[47]	Sp. nov	Valid	Li	Eocene (Irdinmanhan)	Üqbulak Formation	China	A member of the family Brontotheriidae.
Forstercooperia ulanshirehensis^[48]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wang et al.	Eocene	Irdin Manha Formation Ulan Shireh Formation	China
Hispanotherium wushanense^[49]	Sp. nov	In press	Sun et al.	Miocene	Wushan Subbasin	China
Maobrontops^[50]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Averianov et al.	Late Eocene	Youganwo Formation	China	A member of the family Brontotheriidae. The type species is M. paganus.

Even-toed ungulates

Description of the fossil material of the camel species Camelus thomasi from the Pleistocene locality of Tighennif (Algeria) and a study on the phylogenetic relationships of this species is published by Martini & Geraads (2018).^[51]
New specimen of the fossil peccary Parachoerus carlesi will be described from the Upper Pleistocene of the Chaco Province of Argentina by Gasparini et al. (2018), representing the most complete fossil material of a member this species reported so far, and providing new information on the morphology of the species and the environment it lived in.^[52]
A description of the skull anatomy of the fossil suid Nyanzachoerus jaegeri based on new fossil material and a study on the phylogenetic relationships of the species will be published by Reda, Lazagabaster & Haile-Selassie (2018).^[53]
New fossil suid specimens, providing new information on the classification and relationships of the Miocene Suinae from China, will be described from the latest Miocene site of Shuitangba (Zhaotong Basin, China) by Hou et al. (2018).^[54]
A study on the evolution of hypsodonty in ruminants as indicated by phylogeny of ruminants, estimated ancestral ruminant diets and habitats, and fossil record of grasslands is published by Toljagić et al. (2018).^[55]
A study comparing the exclusivity and magnitude of changes in diversification rates during the evolution of ruminants and other lineages of placental mammals is published by Rossi, Mello & Schrago (2018).^[56]
Fossils of the chevrotain Dorcatherium crassum, including a skull and teeth remains, will be described from the Miocene (Langhian) of the Faluns Auger quarry (Contres, France) by Mennecart et al. (2018).^[57]
A study on the feeding habits of Morenelaphus as indicated by tooth enamel microwear is published by Rotti et al. (2018).^[58]
Giraffe tracks are described from the Pleistocene Waenhuiskrans Formation (Bredasdorp Group, South Africa) by Helm et al. (2018), increasing known historical range of giraffes.^[59]
A study on the diet and habitat of Leptomeryx from the Eocene (Uintan) Yolomécatl Formation (Mexico) as indicated by tooth enamel carbon and oxygen isotopic relationships will be published by Ferrusquía-Villafranca et al. (2018).^[60]
A study on the dietary preferences of members of the tribe Tragelaphini from the Plio-Pleistocene Shungura Formation (Lower Omo Valley, Ethiopia) as indicated by their tooth wear is published by Blondel et al. (2018).^[61]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Location	Notes
Bachitherium thraciensis^[62]	Sp. nov	Valid	Mennecart et al.	Eocene (latest Bartonian or early Priabonian)	Bulgaria	An early ruminant belonging to the group Tragulina and the family Bachitheriidae.
Candiacervus devosi^[63]	Sp. nov	Valid	Van der Geer	Late Pleistocene	Greece	An Old World deer.
Candiacervus listeri^[63]	Sp. nov	Valid	Van der Geer	Late Pleistocene	Greece	An Old World deer.
Candiacervus reumeri^[63]	Sp. nov	Valid	Van der Geer	Late Pleistocene	Greece	An Old World deer.
Kubanochoerus parvus^[64]	Sp. nov	In press	Hou & Deng	Latest Middle or earliest Late Miocene	China	A member of the family Suidae belonging to the subfamily Listriodontinae.

Cetaceans

A study assessing the lumbar mobility in archaeocetes is published by Bebej & Smith (2018).^[65]
A study on the anatomy of the auditory region of the skull of protocetids as indicated by fossils from the Eocene of Togo is published by Mourlam & Orliac (2018).^[66]
Description of postcranial remains of the stem-beaked whale Messapicetus gregarius from the Miocene (Tortonian) of Peru is published by Ramassamy et al. (2018), who also propose a reconstruction of the musculature of the neck and forelimb of the species.^[67]
A study on the anatomy of cochleae of extant and extinct cetaceans, the relationships of cochlear shape and the frequency ranges heard by cetaceans, and their implications for determining the occurrence of very low frequency and infrasonic hearing in fossil baleen whales is published by Ritsche et al. (2018).^[68]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Aondelphis^[69]	Gen. et sp. nov	In press	Viglino et al.	Early Miocene	Gaiman Formation	Argentina	A member of Platanistoidea. The type species is A. talen.
Eschrichtius akishimaensis^[70]	Sp. nov	Valid	Kimura, Hasegawa & Kohno	Early Pleistocene		Japan	A relative of the gray whale.
Khoikhoicetus kergueleni^[71]	Sp. nov	Valid	Lambert et al.	Uncertain, possibly Miocene		Seafloor 370 km SWW to Kerguelen Islands	A beaked whale belonging to the subfamily Hyperoodontinae.
Tlaxcallicetus^[72]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Hernández Cisneros	Late Oligocene	El Cien Formation	Mexico	A member of Chaeomysticeti of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is T. guaycurae.
Wimahl^[73]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Peredo, Uhen & Nelson	Early Miocene	Astoria Formation	United States ( Washington)	A member of the family Kentriodontidae. Genus includes new species W. chinookensis.

Carnivorans

A systematic examination of members of the family Canidae from the Hemphillian Mehrten Formation (California, United States) is published by Balisi et al. (2018).^[74]
A study on the morphological diversity of the limb bones of fossil and modern North American gray wolves is published by Tomiya & Meachen (2018).^[75]
A study on the morphological and morphometric variability of late Pleistocene gray wolves from Avetrana (Italy) in comparison to other populations from northern and southern Italy, as well as from other localities in Europe, is published by Mecozzi & Bartolini Lucenti (2018).^[76]
A study on the age of the fossil remains of short-faced bears (Arctodus simus) and brown bears (Ursus arctos) from Pellucidar Cave (Vancouver Island, Canada) is published by Steffen & Fulton (2018).^[77]
A study on the diet of the cave bears from four MIS 3 sites in the Carpathian Mountains, based on isotopic data, is published by Robu et al. (2018).^[78]
A study on the dynamics of lineage diversification and diversity of body mass and length in the evolution of musteloid carnivorans based on data from extant and fossil taxa is published by Law, Slater & Mehta (2018).^[79]
A study estimating the body mass of the fossil procyonids Cyonasua, Parahyaenodon and Tetraprothomo is published by Tarquini et al. (2018).^[80]
The first well-preserved skull of the fossil mustelid Leptarctus oregonensis is described from the Miocene Mascall Formation (Oregon, United States) by Calede, Kehl & Davis (2018).^[81]
Femur of a member of the genus Enhydra (a relative of the sea otter) is described from the middle Pleistocene Merced Formation (California, United States) by Boessenecker (2018), representing the oldest record of Enhydra in the Pacific with robust geochronologic age control reported so far.^[82]
New specimens of members of the genus Enaliarctos are described from the Miocene Skooner Gulch Formation (California, United States), Oligocene Yaquina Formation (Oregon, United States) and Miocene Astoria Formation (Oregon, United States) by Poust & Boessenecker (2018), extending the geographic and temporal range of the genus.^[83]
A study evaluating the ability of the extinct giant fossa to hunt large lemurs will be published by Meador et al. (2018).^[84]
Cougar skull will be described from the Pleistocene (Ensenadan) of Argentina by Chimento & Dondas (2018), representing the first unequivocal record of the cougar prior to late Pleistocene times in South America.^[85]
A study on the shape and the dimensions of the bony vestibular system in the inner ear of the cheetah, comparing it with the vestibular system in other extant felids and in the extinct giant cheetah (Acinonyx pardinensis) and Proailurus lemanensis, and on the evolution of the vestibular system of the cheetah is published by Grohé, Lee & Flynn (2018).^[86]
An exceptionally large skull of a lion, comparable to large specimens of the American lion in terms of skull length and substantially larger than known skulls of extant lions, is described from the Pleistocene of Kenya by Manthi et al. (2018).^[87]
A study on the evolution of the morphological diversity of the mandibles of saber-toothed cats, as well as on the speciation and extinction rates in the evolution of saber-toothed cats, is published by Piras et al. (2018).^[88]
An almost complete skull of Smilodon fatalis will be described from the Pleistocene Sopas Formation (Uruguay) by Manzuetti et al. (2018), representing the first known record of the species from the eastern part of South America.^[89]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Allodesmus demerei^[90]	Sp. nov	Valid	Boessenecker & Churchill	Miocene (Tortonian)	Montesano Formation	United States ( Washington)
Auroraphoca^[91]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Dewaele et al.	Pliocene (Zanclean)	Yorktown Formation	United States ( North Carolina)	An earless seal belonging to the subfamily Monachinae. The type species is A. atlantica.
Civettictis braini^[92]	Sp. nov	In press	Fourvel	Pliocene-Pleistocene transition	Kromdraai fossil site	South Africa	A relative of the African civet.
Katifelis^[93]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Adrian, Werdelin & Grossman	Early Miocene	Lothidok Formation	Kenya	A member of the family Felidae. The type species is K. nightingalei.
Kichechia savagei^[93]	Sp. nov	Valid	Adrian, Werdelin & Grossman	Early Miocene	Lothidok Formation	Kenya	A member of the family Viverridae belonging to the subfamily Paradoxurinae.
Leptofelis^[94]	Gen. et comb. nov	In press	Salesa et al.	Late Miocene		Spain	A member of the family Felidae belonging to the subfamily Felinae; a new genus for "Styriofelis" vallesiensis Salesa et al. (2012).
Meles magnus^[95]	Sp. nov	In press	Jiangzuo et al.	Early Pleistocene		China	A badger, a species of Meles.
Tchadailurus^[96]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	De Bonis et al.	Late Miocene		Chad	A member of the family Felidae belonging to the subfamily Machairodontinae. The type species is T. adei.
Virginiaphoca^[91]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Dewaele et al.	Late Miocene or Pliocene (Zanclean)	Eastover Formation or Yorktown Formation	United States ( Virginia)	An earless seal belonging to the subfamily Monachinae. The type species is V. magurai.

Rodents

A study on the late Miocene rodents of the Iberoccitanian Region (Iberian Peninsula and southern France), aiming to identify the rodent metacommunities and to analyse their reactions to environmental changes, is published by Blanco et al. (2018).^[97]
A study on the enamel microstructure of the incisors of caviomorph rodents from the Eocene and Oligocene localities in Peruvian Amazon will be published by Boivin et al. (2018).^[98]
A study on the enamel microstructure of the incisors of the hystricognaths and anomaluroids from the Oligocene of Western Sahara will be published by Marivaux et al. (2018).^[99]
A study on the morphology of the lower deciduous premolars of extant and fossil caviomorph rodents and its implications for inferring the phylogenetic relationships of fossil caviomorphs will be published by Verzi, Olivares & Morgan (2018), who argue that Eocene genus Cachiyacuy might be a stem-octodontoid.^[100]
New adult and juvenile specimens of the dinomyid rodent Isostylomys laurillardi will be described from the Miocene Camacho Formation (Uruguay) by Rinderknecht, Bostelmann & Ubilla (2018).^[101]
Description of a well-preserved skull of Telicomys giganteus, estimation of body mass and analysis of the bite mechanics of this species will be published by Rinderknecht et al. (2018).^[102]
A revision of the fossils of members of the genus Phoberomys from the late Miocene of Entre Ríos Province (Argentina) and a study on their systematics and phylogenetic relationships is published by Rasia & Candela (2018).^[103]
A study on the morphology of the ossicles of the extinct neoepiblemid rodent Perimys and of extant and extinct caviomorph rodents in general is published by Kerber & Sánchez-Villagra (2018).^[104]
Fossil New World porcupine belonging or related to the species Coendou magnus is described from the Upper Pleistocene of the Santa Fe Province (Argentina) by Vezzosi & Kerber (2018).^[105]
Nine virtual skull endocasts of members of the family Ischyromyidae (members of the genera Pseudotomus, Notoparamys, Reithroparamys and Rapamys) are reconstructed by Bertrand et al. (2018).^[106]
Revision of the problematic Neogene sciurid genus Sinotamias is published by Sinitsa (2018).^[107]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Aepyocricetus^[108]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Li et al.	Pliocene	Zanda Basin	China	A hamster. Genus includes new species A. liuae.
Eoincamys parvus^[109]	Sp. nov	In press	Boivin et al.	Early Oligocene	Pozo Formation	Peru	Possibly a member of Chinchilloidea.
Eoincamys valverdei^[109]	Sp. nov	In press	Boivin et al.	Early Oligocene	Pozo Formation	Peru	Possibly a member of Chinchilloidea.
Euroxenomys nanus^[110]	Sp. nov	Valid	Mörs & Tomida	Early Miocene	Nakamura Formation	Japan	A member of the family Castoridae.
Gregorymys veloxikua^[111]	Sp. nov	In press	Jiménez-Hidalgo, Guerrero-Arenas & Smith	Eocene (Chadronian)		Mexico	A member of Geomyidae.
Kichkasteiromys^[109]	Gen. et sp. nov	In press	Boivin et al.	Early Oligocene	Pozo Formation	Peru	A member of Erethizontoidea. The type species is K. raimondii.
Mayomys^[109]	Gen. et sp. nov	In press	Boivin et al.	Early Oligocene	Pozo Formation	Peru	A member of Octodontoidea of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is M. confluens.
Mogilia^[112]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Wessels et al.	Eocene and early Oligocene		Serbia	A member of the family Muridae belonging to the subfamily Melissiodontinae. The type species is M. miloshi; genus also includes M. lautus.
Namaparamys^[113]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Mein & Pickford	Eocene (Ypresian/Lutetian)		Namibia	Possibly a relative of Reithroparamys. The type species is N. inexpectatus.
Nannocricetus qiui^[108]	Sp. nov	Valid	Li et al.	Pliocene	Zanda Basin	China	A hamster. Genus includes new species A. liuae.
Orcemys^[114]	Gen. et sp. nov	In press	Martin et al.	Early Pleistocene		Spain	A member of Arvicolidae. Genus includes new species O. giberti.
Paracricetodon gracilis^[115]	Sp. nov	Valid	Van de Weerd et al.	Early Oligocene		Serbia	A member of the family Muridae belonging to the subfamily Paracricetodontinae.
Paracricetodon stojanovici^[115]	Sp. nov	Valid	Van de Weerd et al.	Late Eocene and early Oligocene		Serbia	A member of the family Muridae belonging to the subfamily Paracricetodontinae.
Selvamys^[109]	Gen. et sp. nov	In press	Boivin et al.	Early Oligocene	Pozo Formation	Peru	A member of Octodontoidea of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is S. paulus.
Shapajamys^[109]	Gen. et sp. nov	In press	Boivin et al.	Early Oligocene	Pozo Formation	Peru	A member of Erethizontoidea. The type species is S. labocensis.
Tarapotomys^[109]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	In press	Boivin et al.	Early Oligocene	Pozo Formation	Peru	A member of Caviomorpha of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is T. subandinus; genus also includes T. mayoensis.
Tsaukhaebmys^[116]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Pickford	Eocene (Ypresian/Lutetian)		Namibia	A member of the family Zegdoumyidae. The type species is T. calcareus.
Vasseuromys tectus^[117]	Sp. nov	Valid	Sinitsa & Nesin	Late Miocene		Ukraine	A dormouse belonging to the subfamily Leithiinae.

Primates

A study on reconstructing the jaw muscles and bite force of subfossil lemurs from Madagascar, as well as on their implications for inferring the diet of these lemurs, is published by Perry (2018).^[118]
A tibia of a large-bodied arboreally-adapted Old World monkey (a member or a relative of the genus Rhinocolobus) is described from the Australopithecus afarensis-bearing Upper Laetolil Beds (∼3.7 Ma) of Laetoli (Tanzania) by Laird et al. (2018), who also study the implications of the specimen for inferring the paleoenvironment of the Upper Laetolil Beds.^[119]
A study evaluating whether climatic and environmental changes were the main cause of extinction of Oreopithecus bambolii is published by DeMiguel & Rook (2018).^[120]
Estimations of body mass in Pliocene and Pleistocene hominins based on lower limb bones dimensions are presented by Ruff et al. (2018).^[121]
A study on the evolution of the brain size in hominins is published by Du et al. (2018).^[122]
A study on the behavioral features which might have contributed to the demographic success of early hominids such as Australopithecus, based on comparison with macaques, is published by Meindl, Chaney & Lovejoy (2018).^[123]
A study on the pelvic morphology in Ardipithecus and Australopithecus, evaluating the hypothesis that early hominins retained ischial proportions and orientation that favored greater force production during climbing but limited their ability to hyperextend the hip and walk as economically as modern humans, is published by Kozma et al. (2018).^[124]
New fossils attributable to the species Australopithecus anamensis will be described from Kanapoi (Kenya) by Ward, Plavcan & Manthi (2018).^[125]
Endocrania of two specimens of Australopithecus africanus from Sterkfontein Member 4 (South Africa) are virtually reconstructed by Beaudet et al. (2018).^[126]
The skull of ‘Mrs. Ples’ (Sts 5 specimen of Australopithecus africanus) is interpreted as a skull of a small male rather than a large female individual by Tawane & Thackeray (2018).^[127]
A study on the possible date of the first appearance of Australopithecus sediba as indicated by the average hominin species’ temporal range is published by Robinson et al. (2018).^[128]
Pelvic remains of Homo naledi from the Dinaledi Chamber in the Rising Star Cave system (Cradle of Humankind, South Africa) will be described by VanSickle et al. (2018).^[129]
A study on the minimum number of individuals and on a demographic profile of the assemblage of Homo naledi individuals in the Dinaledi Chamber (Rising Star Cave system, South Africa) is published by Bolter et al. (2018).^[130]
A study on the diet of Homo naledi as indicated by teeth wear textures is published by Ungar & Berger (2018).^[131]
A study comparing tooth shape and size in Homo naledi and other South African Plio-Pleistocene hominins, as well as a study on the possible diet of Homo naledi, is published by Berthaume, Delezene & Kupczik (2018).^[132]
A study on evaluating whether deliberate disposal of corpses is the only likely explanation for large assemblages of fossil human bones from the Middle Pleistocene sites of Sima de los Huesos (Spain) and the Dinaledi Chamber (South Africa) is published by Egeland et al. (2018).^[133]
A study on the phylogenetic relationships of the Pleistocene hominin specimen (a fragmented skullcap) from Kocabaş (Denizli Basin, Turkey) is published by Vialet et al. (2018).^[134]
A study on the humeral rigidity and strength in members of the species Homo erectus known from Zhoukoudian (China), comparing it with the humeral rigidity and strength in the African members of the species, is published by Xing et al. (2018).^[135]
A study on the morphology of teeth of Homo erectus from Zhoukoudian is published by Xing, Martinón-Torres & Bermúdez de Castro (2018).^[136]
A study on the morphology and affinities of the Middle Pleistocene hominin mandible recovered from La Niche cave site of the Montmaurin karst system (France) is published by Vialet et al. (2018).^[137]
A series of excavated Middle Stone Age sites from the Olorgesailie Basin (Kenya), dated as ~320,000 years old, is presented by Brooks et al. (2018), who report evidence of hominins preparing cores and points, exploiting iron-rich rocks to obtain red pigment, and procuring stone tool materials from ≥25–50 km distance.^[138]
A study on the environmental dynamics before and after the onset of the early Middle Stone Age in the Olorgesailie Basin (Kenya) is published by Potts et al. (2018).^[139]
A study on the chronology of the Acheulean and early Middle Stone Age sedimentary deposits in the Olorgesailie Basin (Kenya) is published by Deino et al. (2018).^[140]
A study on the age of stone tools from the Attirampakkam site in India is published by Akhilesh et al. (2018), indicating the emergence of a Middle Paleolithic culture in India at 385 ± 64 thousand years ago.^[141]
The study on the Cerutti Mastodon site published by Holen et al. (2017), reporting possible evidence of an unidentified species of the genus Homo living in California 130,000 years ago,^[142] is criticized by Ferraro et al. (2018).^[143]^[144]
Bone retouchers dated as approximately 125–105,000 years old are described from the Lingjing site in Henan, China by Doyon et al. (2018), representing the first evidence from Eastern Asia for the use of bone as raw material to modify stone tools.^[145]
An assemblage of hominin tracks produced by adults and children potentially as young as 12 months, probably members of the species Homo heidelbergensis living 700,000 years ago, is described from the Upper Awash Valley (Ethiopia) by Altamura et al. (2018).^[146]
A study on the morphology and function of the browridge of the Kabwe 1 archaic hominin specimen is published by Godinho, Spikins & O’Higgins (2018).^[147]
A study intending to detect introgressed Denisovan genetic material in present-day human genomes is published by Browning et al. (2018), who report evidence of Denisovan ancestry in populations from East and South Asia and Papuans, and interpret their findings as indicating that at least two distinct instances of Denisovan admixture into modern humans occurred.^[148]
A series of partially charred wooden tools is described from the late Middle Pleistocene site of Poggetti Vecchi (central Italy) by Aranguren et al. (2018), who interpret their findings as indicating that Neanderthals were able to choose the appropriate timber and to process it with fire to produce tools.^[149]
A wooden tool (possibly a digging stick), likely produced by Neanderthals, is described from the early Late Pleistocene Aranbaltza III site (Basque Country, Spain) by Rios-Garaizar et al. (2018), representing the oldest wooden tool from southern Europe reported so far.^[150]
Cave art in Cave of La Pasiega, Maltravieso cave and Ardales cave (Spain) is dated as older than 64,000 years (thus predating the arrival of modern humans in Europe) by Hoffmann et al. (2018), who interpret their findings as indicative of Neandertal authorship of the art.^[151]
Genomes of five Neanderthals from Belgium (Spy Cave and Goyet Caves), France (Les Cottés cave), Croatia (Vindija Cave) and Russia (Mezmaiskaya cave), who lived around 39,000 to 47,000 years ago, are sequenced by Hajdinjak et al. (2018).^[152]
A study evaluating three hypotheses forwarded to explain the distinctive Neanderthal face is published by Wroe et al. (2018).^[153]
A study on the climatic changes in the Lake Tana area in the last 150,000 years and their implications for early modern human dispersal out of Africa is published by Lamb et al. (2018).^[154]
A study on the evolution of modern human brain shape based on endocasts of Homo sapiens fossils from different geologic time periods is published by Neubauer, Hublin & Gunz (2018).^[155]
Late Pleistocene hominin tracks, probably produced by Homo sapiens, are described from the Waenhuiskrans Formation (South Africa) by Helm et al. (2018).^[156]
A study on the age of a modern human mandible with teeth from the Misliya cave (Mount Carmel, Israel) is published by Hershkovitz et al. (2018), who date the fossil as at least 177,000 years old, representing the oldest reported fossil of a member of the Homo sapiens clade found outside Africa.^[157]
A phalanx of a member of the species Homo sapiens is described from the ~95–86,000 years old Al Wusta site (An Nafud, Saudi Arabia) by Groucutt et al. (2018), representing the oldest directly dated fossil of Homo sapiens found outside Africa and the Levant.^[158]
A study on the effects of the Toba supereruption in East Africa is published by Yost et al. (2018), who find no evidence of the erupton causing a volcanic winter in East Africa or a population bottleneck among African populations of anatomically modern humans.^[159]
Microscopic glass shards characteristic of the Youngest Toba Tuff (ashfall from the Toba eruption), dated as approximately 74,000 years old, are described from two archaeological sites on the south coast of South Africa by Smith et al. (2018), who interpret their findings as indicating that humans in this region thrived through the Toba event and the ensuing full glacial conditions.^[160]
Genomic data from seven 15,000-year-old modern humans from Morocco, attributed to the Iberomaurusian culture, is presented by van de Loosdrecht et al. (2018), who report evidence of a genetic affinity of the studied individuals with early Holocene Near Easterners.^[161]
A study on the technological traits of fluted projectile points from northern Alaska and Yukon, in combination with artifacts from further south in Canada, the Great Plains, and eastern United States, evaluating the plausibility of historical relatedness and evolutionary patterns in the spread of fluted-point technology in North America in the latest Pleistocene and earliest Holocene, is published by Smith & Goebel (2018).^[162]
The genome of two infants from the Upward Sun River site dated 11,500 years ago is sequenced, leading to the discovery of the Ancient Beringian ethnic group.^[163]^[164]
A study on the Mesolithic site of Star Carr, indicating that there was intensive human activity at the site for several hundred years when the community was subject to multiple, severe, abrupt climate events that impacted air temperatures, the landscape and the ecosystem of the region, is published by Blockley et al.' (2018).^[165]

Other eutherians

A study on the anatomy of the Early Cretaceous eutherian Endotherium niinomii is published by Wang et al. (2018), who consider this species to be a valid taxon.^[166]
Napoli et al. (2018) digitally visualize and describe the endocast of a taeniodont Onychodectes tisonensis.^[167]
A study on the phylogenetic relationships of the gymnure Deinogalerix within the tribe Galericini will be published by Borrani et al. (2018).^[168]^[169]
A study on the systematic usefulness of the humerus in proterotheriid litopterns will be published by Corona, Perea & Ubilla (2018), who consider the species Proterotherium berroi Kraglievich (1930) to be a probable synonym of Neolicaphrium recens.^[170]
A study on the diversity of shapes of snout in notoungulates and on the evolution of the wide range of shapes of snout in this group of mammals is published by Gomes Rodrigues et al. (2018).^[171]
A study on the variation of teeth shape and on the factors affecting changes in the shape of teeth of notopithecid notoungulates is published by Scarano & Vera (2018).^[172]
A study on the variation of teeth shape in late Miocene members of the hegetotheriid notoungulate genus Paedotherium, as well as its implications for the systematics and phylogenetic relationships of the late Miocene species of Paedotherium, will be published by Ercoli et al. (2018).^[173]
A study on the variability of the diagnostic characters in the fossils of members of the hegetotheriid notoungulate genus Tremacyllus will be published by Sostillo, Cerdeño & Montalvo (2018), who consider the species T. incipiens to be a junior synonym of the species T. impressus.^[174]
A study on the braincase anatomy in mesotheriid notoungulates will be published by Fernández-Monescillo et al. (2018).^[175]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Dissacus raslanloubatieri^[176]	Sp. nov	In press	Solé et al.	Eocene (Ypresian)		France	A member of the family Mesonychidae.
Dissacus rougierae^[176]	Sp. nov	In press	Solé et al.	Eocene (Ypresian)		France	A member of the family Mesonychidae.
Falcontoxodon^[177]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Carrillo et al.	Pliocene/Pleistocene	Falcón Basin	Venezuela	A member of Toxodontidae. Genus includes new species F. aguilerai.
Hilarcotherium miyou^[177]	Sp. nov	Valid	Carrillo et al.	Middle Miocene	Castilletes Formation	Colombia	A member of Astrapotheriidae.
Hovurlestes^[178]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Lopatin & Averianov	Early Cretaceous (Aptian–Albian)	Höovör locality	Mongolia	A basal member of Eutheria. The type species is H. noyon.
Propterodon panganensis^[179]	Sp. nov	In press	De Bonis et al.	Middle Eocene	Pondaung Formation	Myanmar	A member of the family Hyaenodontidae.
Sardolagus^[180]	Gen. et sp. nov	In press	Angelone et al.	Early Pleistocene		Italy	A member of the family Leporidae. Genus includes new species S. obscurus.
Shargainosorex^[181]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Zazhigin & Voyta	Middle Miocene	Oshin Suite	Mongolia	A shrew belonging to the subfamily Crocidosoricinae. The type species is S. angustirostris.
Wyonycteris kingi^[182]	Sp. nov	In press	Hooker	Paleogene	Woolwich Formation	United Kingdom	A member of the family Nyctitheriidae.
Xotodon caravela^[183]	Sp. nov	Valid	Armella, García-López & Dominguez	Late Miocene-early Pliocene	Aconquija Formation	Argentina

Other mammals

A diverse footprint assemblage dominated by small mammal tracks is described from the Lower Cretaceous Patuxent Formation (Maryland, United States) by Stanford et al. (2018), who name a new mammal ichnotaxon Sederipes goddardensis.^[184]
A revision of the teeth and mandibular fossils of members of the genus Docodon from Yale Quarry 9 at the Como Bluff site in the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation will be published by Schultz, Bhullar & Luo (2018), who argue that the fossils from that quarry represent only one species, Docodon victor.^[185]
A description of the middle ear ossicles of Arboroharamiya is published by Meng et al. (2018).^[186]
Asymmetric bicrural stapes is reported in the Jurassic multituberculate Pseudobolodon oreas by Schultz, Ruf & Martin (2018).^[187]
New specimens of the cladotherian species Palaeoxonodon ooliticus (two partial dentaries) are described from the Middle Jurassic Kilmaluag Formation (Isle of Skye, Scotland, United Kingdom) by Panciroli, Benson & Butler (2018).^[188]

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^ Hai-Bing Wang; Bin Bai; Jin Meng; Yuan-Qing Wang (2018). "A new species of Forstercooperia (Perissodactyla: Paraceratheriidae) from northern China with a systematic revision of forstercooperiines". American Museum Novitates. 3897: 1–41. doi:10.1206/3897.1.
^ Bo-Yang Sun; Xiu-Xi Wang; Min-Xiao Ji; Li-Bo Pang; Qin-Qin Shi; Su-Kuan Hou; Dan-Hui Sun; Shi-Qi Wang (2018). "Miocene mammalian faunas from Wushan, China and their evolutionary, biochronological, and biogeographic significances". Palaeoworld. in press. doi:10.1016/j.palwor.2017.08.001.
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^ Pietro Martini; Denis Geraads (2018). "Camelus thomasi Pomel, 1893 from the Pleistocene type-locality Tighennif (Algeria). Comparisons with modern Camelus". Geodiversitas. 40 (5): 115–134. doi:10.5252/geodiversitas2018v40a5.
^ Germán Mariano Gasparini; Rodrigo Parisi Dutra; Guillermo N. Lamenza; Eduardo Pedro Tonni; Agustín Ruella (2018). "Parachoerus carlesi (Mammalia, Tayassuidae) in the Late Pleistocene (northern Argentina, South America): paleoecological and palaeobiogeographic considerations". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology. in press. doi:10.1080/08912963.2017.1418340.
^ Hailay G. Reda; Ignacio A. Lazagabaster; Yohannes Haile-Selassie (2018). "Newly discovered crania of Nyanzachoerus jaegeri (Tetraconodontinae, Suidae, Mammalia) from the Woranso-Mille (Ethiopia) and reappraisal of its generic status". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. in press. doi:10.1007/s10914-017-9398-5.
^ Sukuan Hou; Denise F. Su; Jay Kelley; Tao Deng; Nina G. Jablonski; Lawrence J. Flynn; Xueping Ji; Jiayong Cao; Xin Yang (2018). "New fossil suid specimens from the terminal Miocene hominoid locality of Shuitangba, Zhaotong, Yunnan Province, China". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. in press. doi:10.1007/s10914-018-9431-3.
^ Olja Toljagić; Kjetil L. Voje; Michael Matschiner; Lee Hsiang Liow; Thomas F. Hansen (2018). "Millions of years behind: Slow adaptation of ruminants to grasslands". Systematic Biology. 67 (1): 145–157. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syx059.
^ Mariana F. Rossi; Beatriz Mello; Carlos G. Schrago (2018). "Comparative evaluation of macroevolutionary regimes of Ruminantia and selected mammalian lineages". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. in press. doi:10.1093/biolinnean/bly009.
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^ Alline Rotti; Dimila Mothé; Leonardo dos Santos Avilla; Gina M. Semprebon (2018). "Diet reconstruction for an extinct deer (Cervidae: Cetartiodactyla) from the Quaternary of South America". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 497: 244–252. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2018.02.026.
^ Charles Helm; Hayley Cawthra; Richard Cowling; Jan De Vynck; Curtis Marean; Richard McCrea; Renee Rust (2018). "Palaeoecology of giraffe tracks in Late Pleistocene aeolianites on the Cape south coast". South African Journal of Science. 114 (1/2): Art. #2017-0266. doi:10.17159/sajs.2018/20170266.
^ Ismael Ferrusquía-Villafranca; Víctor Adrián Pérez-Crespo; José E. Ruiz-González; Enrique Martínez-Hernández; Pedro Morales-Puente (2018). "The diet of Leptomeryx sp. from the Late Eocene Yolomécatl Formation, NW Oaxaca, Sierra Madre del Sur Morphotectonic Province, SE México and its palaeoecological significance". Geological Magazine. 155 (1): 203–208. doi:10.1017/S0016756817000747.
^ Cécile Blondel; John Rowan; Gildas Merceron; Faysal Bibi; Enquye Negash; W. Andrew Barr; Jean-Renaud Boisserie (2018). "Feeding ecology of Tragelaphini (Bovidae) from the Shungura Formation, Omo Valley, Ethiopia: Contribution of dental wear analyses". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 496: 103–120. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2018.01.027.
^ Bastien Mennecart; Denis Geraads; Nikolai Spassov; Ivan Zagorchev (2018). "Discovery of the oldest European ruminant in the latest Eocene of Bulgaria: Did tectonics influence the diachronic development of the Grande Coupure?". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 498: 1–8. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2018.01.011.
^ ^a ^b ^c Alexandra A.E. van der Geer (2018). "Uniformity in variety: Antler morphology and evolution in a predator-free environment". Palaeontologia Electronica. 21 (1): Article number 21.1.9A. doi:10.26879/834.
^ Su-Kuan Hou; Tao Deng (2018). "A new species of Kubanochoerus (Suidae, Artiodactyla) from the Linxia Basin, Gansu Province, China". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. in press. doi:10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.180402.
^ Ryan M. Bebej; Kathlyn M. Smith (2018). "Lumbar mobility in archaeocetes (Mammalia: Cetacea) and the evolution of aquatic locomotion in the earliest whales". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 182 (3): 695–721. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx058.
^ Mickaël J. Mourlam; Maeva J. Orliac (2018). "Protocetid (Cetacea, Artiodactyla) bullae and petrosals from the middle Eocene locality of Kpogamé, Togo: new insights into the early history of cetacean hearing". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 16 (8): 621–644. doi:10.1080/14772019.2017.1328378.
^ Benjamin Ramassamy; Olivier Lambert; Alberto Collareta; Mario Urbina; Giovanni Bianucci (2018). "Description of the skeleton of the fossil beaked whale Messapicetus gregarius: searching potential proxies for deep-diving abilities". Fossil Record. 21 (1): 11–32. doi:10.5194/fr-21-11-2018.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
^ Indira S. Ritsche; Julia M. Fahlke; Frank Wieder; André Hilger; Ingo Manke; Oliver Hampe (2018). "Relationships of cochlear coiling shape and hearing frequencies in cetaceans, and the occurrence of infrasonic hearing in Miocene Mysticeti". Fossil Record. 21 (1): 33–45. doi:10.5194/fr-21-33-2018.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
^ Mariana Viglino; Mónica R. Buono; Carolina S. Gutstein; Mario A. Cozzuol; José I. Cuitiño (2018). "A new dolphin from the early Miocene of Patagonia, Argentina: Insights into the evolution of Platanistoidea in the Southern Hemisphere". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. in press. doi:10.4202/app.00441.2017.
^ Toshiyuki Kimura; Yoshikazu Hasegawa; Naoki Kohno (2018). "A new species of the genus Eschrichtius (Cetacea: Mysticeti) from the Early Pleistocene of Japan". Paleontological Research. 22 (1): 1–19. doi:10.2517/2017PR007.
^ Olivier Lambert; Christian de Muizon; Guy Duhamel; Johannes van der Plicht (2018). "Neogene and Quaternary fossil remains of beaked whales (Cetacea, Odontoceti, Ziphiidae) from deep-sea deposits off Crozet and Kerguelen islands, Southern Ocean". Geodiversitas. 40 (6): 135–160. doi:10.5252/geodiversitas2018v40a6.
^ Atzcalli Ehécatl Hernández Cisneros (2018). "A new group of late Oligocene mysticetes from México". Palaeontologia Electronica. 21 (1): Article number 21.1.7A. doi:10.26879/746.
^ Carlos Mauricio Peredo; Mark D. Uhen; Margot D. Nelson (2018). "A new kentriodontid (Cetacea: Odontoceti) from the early Miocene Astoria Formation and a revision of the stem delphinidan family Kentriodontidae". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. Online edition: e1411357. doi:10.1080/02724634.2017.1411357.
^ Mairin Balisi; Xiaoming Wang; Julia Sankey; Jacob Biewer; Dennis Garber (2018). "Fossil canids from the Mehrten Formation, Late Cenozoic of Northern California". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 38 (1): e1405009. doi:10.1080/02724634.2017.1405009.
^ Susumu Tomiya; Julie A. Meachen (2018). "Postcranial diversity and recent ecomorphic impoverishment of North American gray wolves". Biology Letters. 14 (1): 20170613. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2017.0613.
^ Beniamino Mecozzi; Saverio Bartolini Lucenti (2018). "The Late Pleistocene Canis lupus (Canidae, Mammalia) from Avetrana (Apulia, Italy): reappraisal and new insights on the European glacial wolves". Italian Journal of Geosciences. 137 (1): 138–150. doi:10.3301/IJG.2017.22.
^ Martina L. Steffen; Tara L. Fulton (2018). "On the association of giant short-faced bear (Arctodus simus) and brown bear (Ursus arctos) in late Pleistocene North America". Geobios. 51 (1): 61–74. doi:10.1016/j.geobios.2017.12.001.
^ Marius Robu; Jonathan G. Wynn; Ionuţ C. Mirea; Alexandru Petculescu; Marius Kenesz; Cristina M. Puşcaş; Marius Vlaicu; Erik Trinkaus; Silviu Constantin (2018). "The diverse dietary profiles of MIS 3 cave bears from the Romanian Carpathians: insights from stable isotope (δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N) analysis". Palaeontology. 61 (2): 209–219. doi:10.1111/pala.12338.
^ Chris J. Law; Graham J. Slater; Rita S. Mehta (2018). "Lineage diversity and size disparity in Musteloidea: Testing patterns of adaptive radiation using molecular and fossil-based methods". Systematic Biology. 67 (1): 127–144. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syx047.
^ Juliana Tarquini; Néstor Toledo; Leopoldo H. Soibelzon; Cecilia C. Morgan (2018). "Body mass estimation for †Cyonasua (Procyonidae, Carnivora) and related taxa based on postcranial skeleton". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology. 30 (4): 496–506. doi:10.1080/08912963.2017.1295042.
^ Jonathan J. Calede; Winifred A. Kehl; Edward B. Davis (2018). "Craniodental morphology and diet of Leptarctus oregonensis (Mammalia, Carnivora, Mustelidae) from the Mascall Formation (Miocene) of central Oregon". Journal of Paleontology. 92 (2): 289–304. doi:10.1017/jpa.2017.78.
^ Robert W. Boessenecker (2018). "A Middle Pleistocene Sea Otter from Northern California and the Antiquity of Enhydra in the Pacific Basin". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. 25 (1): 27–35. doi:10.1007/s10914-016-9373-6.
^ Ashley W. Poust; Robert W. Boessenecker (2018). "Expanding the geographic and geochronologic range of early pinnipeds: New specimens of Enaliarctos from Northern California and Oregon". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 63 (1): 25–40. doi:10.4202/app.00399.2017.
^ Lindsay Renee Meador; Laurie Rohde Godfrey; Jean Claude Rakotondramavo; Lovasoa Ranivoharimanana; Andrew Zamora; Michael Reed Sutherland; Mitchell T. Irwin (2018). "Cryptoprocta spelea (Carnivora: Eupleridae): What Did It Eat and How Do We Know?". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. in press. doi:10.1007/s10914-017-9391-z.
^ Nicolás R. Chimento; Alejandro Dondas (2018). "First Record of Puma concolor (Mammalia, Felidae) in the Early-Middle Pleistocene of South America". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. in press. doi:10.1007/s10914-017-9385-x.
^ Camille Grohé; Beatrice Lee; John J. Flynn (2018). "Recent inner ear specialization for high-speed hunting in cheetahs". Scientific Reports. 8: Article number 2301. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-20198-3.
^ Fredrick K. Manthi; Francis H. Brown; Michael J. Plavcan; Lars Werdelin (2018). "Gigantic lion, Panthera leo, from the Pleistocene of Natodomeri, eastern Africa". Journal of Paleontology. 92 (2): 305–312. doi:10.1017/jpa.2017.68.
^ Paolo Piras; Daniele Silvestro; Francesco Carotenuto; Silvia Castiglione; Anastassios Kotsakis; Leonardo Maiorino; Marina Melchionna; Alessandro Mondanaro; Gabriele Sansalone (2018). "Evolution of the sabertooth mandible: A deadly ecomorphological specialization". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 496: 166–174. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2018.01.034.
^ Aldo Manzuetti; Daniel Perea; Martín Ubilla; Andrés Rinderknecht (2018). "First record of Smilodon fatalis Leidy, 1868 (Felidae, Machairodontinae) in the extra-Andean region of South America (late Pleistocene, Sopas Formation), Uruguay: Taxonomic and paleobiogeographic implications". Quaternary Science Reviews. 180: 57–62. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.11.024.
^ Robert W. Boessenecker; Morgan Churchill (2018). "The last of the desmatophocid seals: a new species of Allodesmus from the upper Miocene of Washington, USA, and a revision of the taxonomy of Desmatophocidae". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. Online edition. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx098.
^ ^a ^b Leonard Dewaele; Carlos Mauricio Peredo; Pjotr Meyvisch; Stephen Louwye (2018). "Diversity of late Neogene Monachinae (Carnivora, Phocidae) from the North Atlantic, with the description of two new species". Royal Society Open Science. 5 (3): 172437. doi:10.1098/rsos.172437.
^ Jean-Baptiste Fourvel (2018). "Civettictis braini nov. sp. (Mammalia: Carnivora), a new viverrid from the hominin-bearing site of Kromdraai (Gauteng, South Africa)". Comptes Rendus Palevol. in press. doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2017.11.005.
^ ^a ^b Brent Adrian; Lars Werdelin; Aryeh Grossman (2018). "New Miocene Carnivora (Mammalia) from Moruorot and Kalodirr, Kenya". Palaeontologia Electronica. 21 (1): Article number 21.1.10A. doi:10.26879/778.
^ Manuel J. Salesa; Gema Siliceo; Mauricio Antón; Stéphane Peigné; Jorge Morales (2018). "Functional and systematic implications of the postcranial anatomy of a late Miocene feline (Carnivora, Felidae) from Batallones-1 (Madrid, Spain)". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. in press. doi:10.1007/s10914-017-9414-9.
^ Qi-Gao Jiangzuo; Jin-Yi Liu; Jan Wagner; Jin Chen (2018). "Taxonomical revision of "Arctonyx" fossil remains from the Liucheng Gigantopithecus Cave (South China) by means of morphotype and morphometrics, and a review of Late Pliocene and Early Pleistocene Meles fossil records in China". Palaeoworld. in press. doi:10.1016/j.palwor.2017.12.001.
^ Louis de Bonis; Stéphane Peigné; Hassane Taisso Mackaye; Andossa Likius; Patrick Vignaud; Michel Brunet (2018). "New sabre toothed Felidae (Carnivora, Mammalia) in the hominid-bearing sites of Toros Menalla (late Miocene, Chad)". Geodiversitas. 40 (3): 69–86. doi:10.5252/geodiversitas2018v40a3.
^ Fernando Blanco; Ana Rosa Gómez Cano; Juan L. Cantalapiedra; M. Soledad Domingo; Laura Domingo; Iris Menéndez; Lawrence J. Flynn; Manuel Hernández Fernández (2018). "Differential responses of Miocene rodent metacommunities to global climatic changes were mediated by environmental context". Scientific Reports. 8: Article number 2502. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-20900-5.
^ Myriam Boivin; Laurent Marivaux; Rodolfo Salas-Gismondi; Emma C. Vieytes; Pierre-Olivier Antoine (2018). "Incisor enamel microstructure of Paleogene caviomorph rodents from Contamana and Shapaja (Peruvian Amazonia)". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. in press. doi:10.1007/s10914-018-9430-4.
^ Laurent Marivaux; Myriam Boivin; Sylvain Adnet; Mohamed Benammi; Rodolphe Tabuce; Mouloud Benammi (2018). "Incisor enamel microstructure of hystricognathous and anomaluroid rodents from the earliest Oligocene of Dakhla, Atlantic Sahara (Morocco)". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. in press. doi:10.1007/s10914-017-9426-5.
^ Diego H. Verzi; A. Itatí Olivares; Cecilia C. Morgan (2018). "Morphology of the lower deciduous premolars of South American hystricomorph rodents and age of the Octodontoidea". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology. in press. doi:10.1080/08912963.2018.1427089.
^ Andrés Rinderknecht; Enrique Bostelmann; Martín Ubilla (2018). "Making a giant rodent: cranial anatomy and ontogenetic development in the genus Isostylomys (Mammalia, Hystricognathi, Dinomyidae)". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 16 (3): 245–261. doi:10.1080/14772019.2017.1285360.
^ Andrés Rinderknecht; Washington W. Jones; Ney Araújo; Gustavo Grinspan; R. Ernesto Blanco (2018). "Bite force and body mass of the fossil rodent Telicomys giganteus (Caviomorpha, Dinomyidae)". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology. in press. doi:10.1080/08912963.2017.1384475.
^ Luciano L. Rasia; Adriana M. Candela (2018). "Reappraisal of the giant caviomorph rodent Phoberomys burmeisteri (Ameghino, 1886) from the late Miocene of northeastern Argentina, and the phylogeny and diversity of Neoepiblemidae". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology. 30 (4): 486–495. doi:10.1080/08912963.2017.1294168.
^ Leonardo Kerber; Marcelo R. Sánchez-Villagra (2018). "Morphology of the middle ear ossicles in the rodent Perimys (Neoepiblemidae) and a comprehensive anatomical and morphometric study of the phylogenetic transformations of these structures in caviomorphs". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. in press. doi:10.1007/s10914-017-9422-9.
^ Raúl I. Vezzosi; Leonardo Kerber (2018). "The southernmost record of a large erethizontid rodent (Hystricomorpha: Erethizontoidea) in the Pleistocene of South America: Biogeographic and paleoenvironmental implications". Journal of South American Earth Sciences. 82: 76–90. doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2017.12.015.
^ Ornella C. Bertrand; Farrah Amador-Mughal; Madlen M. Lang; Mary T. Silcox (2018). "New virtual endocasts of Eocene Ischyromyidae and their relevance in evaluating neurological changes occurring through time in Rodentia". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. in press. doi:10.1007/s10914-017-9425-6.
^ Maxim V. Sinitsa (2018). "Phylogenetic position of Sinotamias and the early evolution of Marmotini (Rodentia, Sciuridae, Xerinae)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 38 (1): e1419251. doi:10.1080/02724634.2017.1419251.
^ ^a ^b Qiang Li; Thomas A. Stidham; Xijun Ni; Lüzhou Li (2018). "Two new Pliocene hamsters (Cricetidae, Rodentia) from southwestern Tibet (China), and their implications for rodent dispersal 'into Tibet'". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 37 (6): e1403443. doi:10.1080/02724634.2017.1403443.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Myriam Boivin; Laurent Marivaux; François Pujos; Rodolfo Salas-Gismondi; Julia V. Tejada-Lara; Rafael M. Varas-Malca; Pierre-Olivier Antoine (2018). "Early Oligocene caviomorph rodents from Shapaja, Peruvian Amazonia". Palaeontographica Abteilung A. in press.
^ Thomas Mörs; Yukimitsu Tomida (2018). "Euroxenomys nanus sp. nov., a minute beaver (Rodentia, Castoridae) from the Early Miocene of Japan". Paleontological Research. 22 (2): 145–149. doi:10.2517/2017PR013.
^ Eduardo Jiménez-Hidalgo; Rosalía Guerrero-Arenas; Krister T. Smith (2018). "Gregorymys veloxikua, The Oldest Pocket Gopher (Rodentia: Geomyidae), and The Early Diversification of Geomyoidea". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. in press. doi:10.1007/s10914-017-9383-z.
^ Wilma Wessels; Andrew A. van de Weerd; Hans de Bruijn; Zoran Marković (2018). "New Melissiodontinae (Mammalia, Rodentia) from the Paleogene of south-east Serbia". Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments. Online edition. doi:10.1007/s12549-017-0311-2.
^ Pierre Mein; Martin Pickford (2018). "Reithroparamyine rodent from the Eocene of Namibia" (PDF). Communications of the Geological Survey of Namibia. 18: 38–47.
^ Robert A. Martin; Alexey Tesakov; Jordi Agustí; Karla Johnston (2018). "Orcemys, a new genus of arvicolid rodent from the early Pleistocene of the Guadix–Baza Basin, southern Spain". Comptes Rendus Palevol. in press. doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2017.06.006.
^ ^a ^b Andrew A. van de Weerd; Hans de Bruijn; Zoran Marković; Wilma Wessels (2018). "Paracricetodontinae (Mammalia, Rodentia) from the late Eocene and early Oligocene of south-east Serbia". Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments. Online edition. doi:10.1007/s12549-017-0317-9.
^ Martin Pickford (2018). "New Zegdoumyidae (Rodentia, Mammalia) from the Middle Eocene of Black Crow, Namibia : taxonomy, dental formula" (PDF). Communications of the Geological Survey of Namibia. 18: 48–63.
^ Maxim V. Sinitsa; Valentin A. Nesin (2018). "Systematics and phylogeny of Vasseuromys (Mammalia, Rodentia, Gliridae) with a description of a new species from the late Miocene of eastern Europe". Palaeontology. Online edition. doi:10.1111/pala.12359.
^ Jonathan M. G. Perry (2018). "Inferring the diets of extinct giant lemurs from osteological correlates of muscle dimensions". The Anatomical Record. 301 (2): 343–362. doi:10.1002/ar.23719.
^ Myra F. Laird; Elaine E. Kozma; Amandus Kwekason; Terry Harrison (2018). "A new fossil cercopithecid tibia from Laetoli and its implications for positional behavior and paleoecology". Journal of Human Evolution. 118: 27–42. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2018.02.005.
^ Daniel DeMiguel; Lorenzo Rook (2018). "Understanding climate's influence on the extinction of Oreopithecus (late Miocene, Tusco-Sardinian paleobioprovince, Italy)". Journal of Human Evolution. 116: 14–26. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2017.11.008.
^ Christopher B. Ruff; M. Loring Burgess; Nicole Squyres; Juho-Antti Junno; Erik Trinkaus (2018). "Lower limb articular scaling and body mass estimation in Pliocene and Pleistocene hominins". Journal of Human Evolution. in press. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2017.10.014.
^ Andrew Du; Andrew M. Zipkin; Kevin G. Hatala; Elizabeth Renner; Jennifer L. Baker; Serena Bianchi; Kallista H. Bernal; Bernard A. Wood (2018). "Pattern and process in hominin brain size evolution are scale-dependent". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 285 (1873): 20172738. doi:10.1098/rspb.2017.2738.
^ Richard S. Meindl; Morgan E. Chaney; C. Owen Lovejoy (2018). "Early hominids may have been weed species". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 115 (6): 1244–1249. doi:10.1073/pnas.1719669115.
^ Elaine E. Kozma; Nicole M. Webb; William E. H. Harcourt-Smith; David A. Raichlen; Kristiaan D'Août; Mary H. Brown; Emma M. Finestone; Stephen R. Ross; Peter Aerts; Herman Pontzer (2018). "Hip extensor mechanics and the evolution of walking and climbing capabilities in humans, apes, and fossil hominins". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. in press. doi:10.1073/pnas.1715120115.
^ C.V. Ward; J.M. Plavcan; F.K. Manthi (2018). "New fossils of Australopithecus anamensis from Kanapoi, West Turkana, Kenya (2012–2015)". Journal of Human Evolution. in press. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2017.07.008.
^ Amélie Beaudet; Jean Dumoncel; Frikkie de Beer; Stanley Durrleman; Emmanuel Gilissen; Anna Oettlé; Gérard Subsol; John Francis Thackeray; José Braga (2018). "The endocranial shape of Australopithecus africanus: surface analysis of the endocasts of Sts 5 and Sts 60". Journal of Anatomy. 232 (2): 296–303. doi:10.1111/joa.12745.
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^ Chris Robinson; Timothy L. Campbell; Susanne Cote; Darryl J. de Ruiter (2018). "Temporal ranges and ancestry in the hominin fossil record: The case of Australopithecus sediba". South African Journal of Science. 114 (3/4): Art. #2017-0327. doi:10.17159/sajs.2018/20170327.
^ Caroline VanSickle; Zachary Cofran; Daniel García-Martínez; Scott A. Williams; Steven E. Churchill; Lee R. Berger; John Hawks (2018). "Homo naledi pelvic remains from the Dinaledi Chamber, South Africa". Journal of Human Evolution. in press. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2017.10.001.
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^ Peter S. Ungar; Lee R. Berger (2018). "Brief communication: Dental microwear and diet of Homo naledi". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. in press. doi:10.1002/ajpa.23418.
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^ Charles P. Egeland; Manuel Domínguez-Rodrigo; Travis Rayne Pickering; Colin G. Menter; Jason L. Heaton (2018). "Hominin skeletal part abundances and claims of deliberate disposal of corpses in the Middle Pleistocene". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. in press. doi:10.1073/pnas.1718678115.
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[26] Néstor Toledo; Gerardo De Iuliis; Sergio F. Vizcaíno; M. Susana Bargo (2018). "The concept of a pedolateral pes revisited: the giant sloths Megatherium and Eremotherium (Xenarthra, Folivora, Megatheriinae) as a case study". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. in press. doi:10.1007/s10914-017-9410-0.

[27] Esteban Soibelzon (2018). "Using paleoclimate and the fossil record to explain past and present distributions of armadillos (Xenarthra, Dasypodidae)". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. in press. doi:10.1007/s10914-017-9395-8.

[28] Carlos A. Luna; Ignacio A. Cerda; Alfredo E. Zurita; Romina Gonzalez; M. Cecilia Prieto; Dimila Mothé; Leonardo S. Avilla (2018). "Distinguishing Quaternary glyptodontine cingulates in South America: How informative are juvenile specimens?". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 63 (1): 159–170. doi:10.4202/app.00409.2017.

[29] Juan C. Fernicola; Andrés Rinderknecht; Washington Jones; Sergio F. Vizcaíno; Kleberson Propino (2018). "A new species of Neoglyptatelus (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Cingulata) from the late Miocene of Uruguay provides new insights on the evolution of the dorsal armor in cingulates". Ameghiniana. in press. doi:10.5710/AMGH.02.12.2017.3150.

[Pattersonocnus-30] Ascanio D. Rincón; Andrés Solórzano; H. Gregory McDonald; Marisol Montellano-Ballesteros (2018). "Two new megalonychid sloths (Mammalia: Xenarthra) from the Urumaco Formation (late Miocene), and their phylogenetic affinities". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. Online edition. doi:10.1080/14772019.2018.1427639.

[31] Rodolphe Tabuce (2018). "New remains of Chambius kasserinensis from the Eocene of Tunisia and evaluation of proposed affinities for Macroscelidea (Mammalia, Afrotheria)". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology. 30 (1–2): 251–266. doi:10.1080/08912963.2017.1297433.

[32] Matthew J. Mason; Nigel C. Bennett; Martin Pickford (2018). "The middle and inner ears of the Palaeogene golden mole Namachloris: A comparison with extant species". Journal of Morphology. 279 (3): 375–395. doi:10.1002/jmor.20779.

[33] Advait M. Jukar; S. Kathleen Lyons; Mark D. Uhen (2018). "A cranial correlate of body mass in proboscideans". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. in press. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx108.

[34] William J. Sanders (2018). "Horizontal tooth displacement and premolar occurrence in elephants and other elephantiform proboscideans". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology. 30 (1–2): 137–156. doi:10.1080/08912963.2017.1297436.

[35] Dimila Mothé; Marco P. Ferretti; Leonardo S. Avilla (2018). "Running Over the Same Old Ground: Stegomastodon Never Roamed South America". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. in press. doi:10.1007/s10914-017-9392-y.

[36] Gregory James Smith; Larisa R.G. Desantis (2018). "Dietary ecology of Pleistocene mammoths and mastodons as inferred from dental microwear textures". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 492: 10–25. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2017.11.024.

[37] Eleftheria Palkopoulou; Mark Lipson; Swapan Mallick; Svend Nielsen; Nadin Rohland; Sina Baleka; Emil Karpinski; Atma M. Ivancevic; Thu-Hien To; R. Daniel Kortschak; Joy M. Raison; Zhipeng Qu; Tat-Jun Chin; Kurt W. Alt; Stefan Claesson; Love Dalén; Ross D. E. MacPhee; Harald Meller; Alfred L. Roca; Oliver A. Ryder; David Heiman; Sarah Young; Matthew Breen; Christina Williams; Bronwen L. Aken; Magali Ruffier; Elinor Karlsson; Jeremy Johnson; Federica Di Palma; Jessica Alfoldi; David L. Adelson; Thomas Mailund; Kasper Munch; Kerstin Lindblad-Toh; Michael Hofreiter; Hendrik Poinar; David Reich (2018). "A comprehensive genomic history of extinct and living elephants". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 115 (11): E2566–E2574. doi:10.1073/pnas.1720554115.

[38] Martin Pickford (2018). "Tenrecoid mandible from Elisabethfeld (Early Miocene) Namibia" (PDF). Communications of the Geological Survey of Namibia. 18: 87–92.

[39] Ester Díaz-Berenguer; Ainara Badiola; Miguel Moreno-Azanza; José Ignacio Canudo (2018). "First adequately-known quadrupedal sirenian from Eurasia (Eocene, Bay of Biscay, Huesca, northeastern Spain)". Scientific Reports. 8: Article number 5127. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-23355-w.

[Turkanycteris-40] Gregg F. Gunnell; Fredrick K. Manthi (2018). "Pliocene bats (Chiroptera) from Kanapoi, Turkana Basin, Kenya". Journal of Human Evolution. in press. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2018.01.001.

[41] Suzanne J. Hand; Robin M. D. Beck; Michael Archer; Nancy B. Simmons; Gregg F. Gunnell; R. Paul Scofield; Alan J. D. Tennyson; Vanesa L. De Pietri; Steven W. Salisbury; Trevor H. Worthy (2018). "A new, large-bodied omnivorous bat (Noctilionoidea: Mystacinidae) reveals lost morphological and ecological diversity since the Miocene in New Zealand". Scientific Reports. 8: Article number 235. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-18403-w.

[42] Christine Böhmer; Gertrud E. Rössner (2018). "Dental paleopathology in fossil rhinoceroses: etiology and implications". Journal of Zoology. 304 (1): 3–12. doi:10.1111/jzo.12518.

[43] Nikos Solounias; Melinda Danowitz; Elizabeth Stachtiaris; Abhilasha Khurana; Marwan Araim; Marc Sayegh; Jessica Natale (2018). "The evolution and anatomy of the horse manus with an emphasis on digit reduction". Royal Society Open Science. 5 (1): 171782. doi:10.1098/rsos.171782.

[44] Boyang Sun; Xiaoxiao Zhang; Yan Liu; Raymond L. Bernor (2018). "Sivalhippus ptychodus and Sivalhippus platyodus (Perissodactyla, Mammalia) from the Late Miocene of China". Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia. 124 (1): 1–22. doi:10.13130/2039-4942/9523.

[45] Bin Bai; Yuan-Qing Wang; Zhao-Qun Zhang (2018). "The late Eocene hyracodontid perissodactyl Ardynia from Saint Jacques, Inner Mongolia, China and its implications for the potential Eocene-Oligocene boundary". Palaeoworld. in press. doi:10.1016/j.palwor.2017.09.001.

[46] Dan-Hui Sun; Yu Li; Tao Deng (2018). "A new species of Chilotherium (Perissodactyla, Rhinocerotidae) from the Late Miocene of Qingyang, Gansu, China". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. in press. doi:10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.180109.

[47] Shuo Li (2018). "A new species of Brontotheriidae from the Middle Eocene of Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, China". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 56 (1): 25–44. doi:10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.170314.

[48] Hai-Bing Wang; Bin Bai; Jin Meng; Yuan-Qing Wang (2018). "A new species of Forstercooperia (Perissodactyla: Paraceratheriidae) from northern China with a systematic revision of forstercooperiines". American Museum Novitates. 3897: 1–41. doi:10.1206/3897.1.

[49] Bo-Yang Sun; Xiu-Xi Wang; Min-Xiao Ji; Li-Bo Pang; Qin-Qin Shi; Su-Kuan Hou; Dan-Hui Sun; Shi-Qi Wang (2018). "Miocene mammalian faunas from Wushan, China and their evolutionary, biochronological, and biogeographic significances". Palaeoworld. in press. doi:10.1016/j.palwor.2017.08.001.

[50] Alexander Averianov; Igor Danilov; Wen Chen; Jianhua Jin (2018). "A new brontothere from the Eocene of South China". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 63 (1): 189–196. doi:10.4202/app.00431.2017.

[51] Pietro Martini; Denis Geraads (2018). "Camelus thomasi Pomel, 1893 from the Pleistocene type-locality Tighennif (Algeria). Comparisons with modern Camelus". Geodiversitas. 40 (5): 115–134. doi:10.5252/geodiversitas2018v40a5.

[52] Germán Mariano Gasparini; Rodrigo Parisi Dutra; Guillermo N. Lamenza; Eduardo Pedro Tonni; Agustín Ruella (2018). "Parachoerus carlesi (Mammalia, Tayassuidae) in the Late Pleistocene (northern Argentina, South America): paleoecological and palaeobiogeographic considerations". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology. in press. doi:10.1080/08912963.2017.1418340.

[53] Hailay G. Reda; Ignacio A. Lazagabaster; Yohannes Haile-Selassie (2018). "Newly discovered crania of Nyanzachoerus jaegeri (Tetraconodontinae, Suidae, Mammalia) from the Woranso-Mille (Ethiopia) and reappraisal of its generic status". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. in press. doi:10.1007/s10914-017-9398-5.

[54] Sukuan Hou; Denise F. Su; Jay Kelley; Tao Deng; Nina G. Jablonski; Lawrence J. Flynn; Xueping Ji; Jiayong Cao; Xin Yang (2018). "New fossil suid specimens from the terminal Miocene hominoid locality of Shuitangba, Zhaotong, Yunnan Province, China". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. in press. doi:10.1007/s10914-018-9431-3.

[55] Olja Toljagić; Kjetil L. Voje; Michael Matschiner; Lee Hsiang Liow; Thomas F. Hansen (2018). "Millions of years behind: Slow adaptation of ruminants to grasslands". Systematic Biology. 67 (1): 145–157. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syx059.

[56] Mariana F. Rossi; Beatriz Mello; Carlos G. Schrago (2018). "Comparative evaluation of macroevolutionary regimes of Ruminantia and selected mammalian lineages". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. in press. doi:10.1093/biolinnean/bly009.

[57] Bastien Mennecart; Adrien de Perthuis; Gertrud E. Rössner; Jonathan A. Guzmán; Aude de Perthuis; Loïc Costeur (2018). "The first French tragulid skull (Mammalia, Ruminantia, Tragulidae) and associated tragulid remains from the Middle Miocene of Contres (Loir-et-Cher, France)". Comptes Rendus Palevol. in press. doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2017.08.004.

[58] Alline Rotti; Dimila Mothé; Leonardo dos Santos Avilla; Gina M. Semprebon (2018). "Diet reconstruction for an extinct deer (Cervidae: Cetartiodactyla) from the Quaternary of South America". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 497: 244–252. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2018.02.026.

[59] Charles Helm; Hayley Cawthra; Richard Cowling; Jan De Vynck; Curtis Marean; Richard McCrea; Renee Rust (2018). "Palaeoecology of giraffe tracks in Late Pleistocene aeolianites on the Cape south coast". South African Journal of Science. 114 (1/2): Art. #2017-0266. doi:10.17159/sajs.2018/20170266.

[60] Ismael Ferrusquía-Villafranca; Víctor Adrián Pérez-Crespo; José E. Ruiz-González; Enrique Martínez-Hernández; Pedro Morales-Puente (2018). "The diet of Leptomeryx sp. from the Late Eocene Yolomécatl Formation, NW Oaxaca, Sierra Madre del Sur Morphotectonic Province, SE México and its palaeoecological significance". Geological Magazine. 155 (1): 203–208. doi:10.1017/S0016756817000747.

[61] Cécile Blondel; John Rowan; Gildas Merceron; Faysal Bibi; Enquye Negash; W. Andrew Barr; Jean-Renaud Boisserie (2018). "Feeding ecology of Tragelaphini (Bovidae) from the Shungura Formation, Omo Valley, Ethiopia: Contribution of dental wear analyses". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 496: 103–120. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2018.01.027.

[62] Bastien Mennecart; Denis Geraads; Nikolai Spassov; Ivan Zagorchev (2018). "Discovery of the oldest European ruminant in the latest Eocene of Bulgaria: Did tectonics influence the diachronic development of the Grande Coupure?". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 498: 1–8. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2018.01.011.

[PECandiacervus-63] Alexandra A.E. van der Geer (2018). "Uniformity in variety: Antler morphology and evolution in a predator-free environment". Palaeontologia Electronica. 21 (1): Article number 21.1.9A. doi:10.26879/834.

[64] Su-Kuan Hou; Tao Deng (2018). "A new species of Kubanochoerus (Suidae, Artiodactyla) from the Linxia Basin, Gansu Province, China". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. in press. doi:10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.180402.

[65] Ryan M. Bebej; Kathlyn M. Smith (2018). "Lumbar mobility in archaeocetes (Mammalia: Cetacea) and the evolution of aquatic locomotion in the earliest whales". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 182 (3): 695–721. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx058.

[66] Mickaël J. Mourlam; Maeva J. Orliac (2018). "Protocetid (Cetacea, Artiodactyla) bullae and petrosals from the middle Eocene locality of Kpogamé, Togo: new insights into the early history of cetacean hearing". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 16 (8): 621–644. doi:10.1080/14772019.2017.1328378.

[67] Benjamin Ramassamy; Olivier Lambert; Alberto Collareta; Mario Urbina; Giovanni Bianucci (2018). "Description of the skeleton of the fossil beaked whale Messapicetus gregarius: searching potential proxies for deep-diving abilities". Fossil Record. 21 (1): 11–32. doi:10.5194/fr-21-11-2018.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)

[68] Indira S. Ritsche; Julia M. Fahlke; Frank Wieder; André Hilger; Ingo Manke; Oliver Hampe (2018). "Relationships of cochlear coiling shape and hearing frequencies in cetaceans, and the occurrence of infrasonic hearing in Miocene Mysticeti". Fossil Record. 21 (1): 33–45. doi:10.5194/fr-21-33-2018.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)

[69] Mariana Viglino; Mónica R. Buono; Carolina S. Gutstein; Mario A. Cozzuol; José I. Cuitiño (2018). "A new dolphin from the early Miocene of Patagonia, Argentina: Insights into the evolution of Platanistoidea in the Southern Hemisphere". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. in press. doi:10.4202/app.00441.2017.

[70] Toshiyuki Kimura; Yoshikazu Hasegawa; Naoki Kohno (2018). "A new species of the genus Eschrichtius (Cetacea: Mysticeti) from the Early Pleistocene of Japan". Paleontological Research. 22 (1): 1–19. doi:10.2517/2017PR007.

[71] Olivier Lambert; Christian de Muizon; Guy Duhamel; Johannes van der Plicht (2018). "Neogene and Quaternary fossil remains of beaked whales (Cetacea, Odontoceti, Ziphiidae) from deep-sea deposits off Crozet and Kerguelen islands, Southern Ocean". Geodiversitas. 40 (6): 135–160. doi:10.5252/geodiversitas2018v40a6.

[72] Atzcalli Ehécatl Hernández Cisneros (2018). "A new group of late Oligocene mysticetes from México". Palaeontologia Electronica. 21 (1): Article number 21.1.7A. doi:10.26879/746.

[73] Carlos Mauricio Peredo; Mark D. Uhen; Margot D. Nelson (2018). "A new kentriodontid (Cetacea: Odontoceti) from the early Miocene Astoria Formation and a revision of the stem delphinidan family Kentriodontidae". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. Online edition: e1411357. doi:10.1080/02724634.2017.1411357.

[74] Mairin Balisi; Xiaoming Wang; Julia Sankey; Jacob Biewer; Dennis Garber (2018). "Fossil canids from the Mehrten Formation, Late Cenozoic of Northern California". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 38 (1): e1405009. doi:10.1080/02724634.2017.1405009.

[75] Susumu Tomiya; Julie A. Meachen (2018). "Postcranial diversity and recent ecomorphic impoverishment of North American gray wolves". Biology Letters. 14 (1): 20170613. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2017.0613.

[76] Beniamino Mecozzi; Saverio Bartolini Lucenti (2018). "The Late Pleistocene Canis lupus (Canidae, Mammalia) from Avetrana (Apulia, Italy): reappraisal and new insights on the European glacial wolves". Italian Journal of Geosciences. 137 (1): 138–150. doi:10.3301/IJG.2017.22.

[77] Martina L. Steffen; Tara L. Fulton (2018). "On the association of giant short-faced bear (Arctodus simus) and brown bear (Ursus arctos) in late Pleistocene North America". Geobios. 51 (1): 61–74. doi:10.1016/j.geobios.2017.12.001.

[78] Marius Robu; Jonathan G. Wynn; Ionuţ C. Mirea; Alexandru Petculescu; Marius Kenesz; Cristina M. Puşcaş; Marius Vlaicu; Erik Trinkaus; Silviu Constantin (2018). "The diverse dietary profiles of MIS 3 cave bears from the Romanian Carpathians: insights from stable isotope (δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N) analysis". Palaeontology. 61 (2): 209–219. doi:10.1111/pala.12338.

[79] Chris J. Law; Graham J. Slater; Rita S. Mehta (2018). "Lineage diversity and size disparity in Musteloidea: Testing patterns of adaptive radiation using molecular and fossil-based methods". Systematic Biology. 67 (1): 127–144. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syx047.

[80] Juliana Tarquini; Néstor Toledo; Leopoldo H. Soibelzon; Cecilia C. Morgan (2018). "Body mass estimation for †Cyonasua (Procyonidae, Carnivora) and related taxa based on postcranial skeleton". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology. 30 (4): 496–506. doi:10.1080/08912963.2017.1295042.

[81] Jonathan J. Calede; Winifred A. Kehl; Edward B. Davis (2018). "Craniodental morphology and diet of Leptarctus oregonensis (Mammalia, Carnivora, Mustelidae) from the Mascall Formation (Miocene) of central Oregon". Journal of Paleontology. 92 (2): 289–304. doi:10.1017/jpa.2017.78.

[82] Robert W. Boessenecker (2018). "A Middle Pleistocene Sea Otter from Northern California and the Antiquity of Enhydra in the Pacific Basin". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. 25 (1): 27–35. doi:10.1007/s10914-016-9373-6.

[83] Ashley W. Poust; Robert W. Boessenecker (2018). "Expanding the geographic and geochronologic range of early pinnipeds: New specimens of Enaliarctos from Northern California and Oregon". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 63 (1): 25–40. doi:10.4202/app.00399.2017.

[84] Lindsay Renee Meador; Laurie Rohde Godfrey; Jean Claude Rakotondramavo; Lovasoa Ranivoharimanana; Andrew Zamora; Michael Reed Sutherland; Mitchell T. Irwin (2018). "Cryptoprocta spelea (Carnivora: Eupleridae): What Did It Eat and How Do We Know?". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. in press. doi:10.1007/s10914-017-9391-z.

[85] Nicolás R. Chimento; Alejandro Dondas (2018). "First Record of Puma concolor (Mammalia, Felidae) in the Early-Middle Pleistocene of South America". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. in press. doi:10.1007/s10914-017-9385-x.

[86] Camille Grohé; Beatrice Lee; John J. Flynn (2018). "Recent inner ear specialization for high-speed hunting in cheetahs". Scientific Reports. 8: Article number 2301. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-20198-3.

[87] Fredrick K. Manthi; Francis H. Brown; Michael J. Plavcan; Lars Werdelin (2018). "Gigantic lion, Panthera leo, from the Pleistocene of Natodomeri, eastern Africa". Journal of Paleontology. 92 (2): 305–312. doi:10.1017/jpa.2017.68.

[88] Paolo Piras; Daniele Silvestro; Francesco Carotenuto; Silvia Castiglione; Anastassios Kotsakis; Leonardo Maiorino; Marina Melchionna; Alessandro Mondanaro; Gabriele Sansalone (2018). "Evolution of the sabertooth mandible: A deadly ecomorphological specialization". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 496: 166–174. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2018.01.034.

[89] Aldo Manzuetti; Daniel Perea; Martín Ubilla; Andrés Rinderknecht (2018). "First record of Smilodon fatalis Leidy, 1868 (Felidae, Machairodontinae) in the extra-Andean region of South America (late Pleistocene, Sopas Formation), Uruguay: Taxonomic and paleobiogeographic implications". Quaternary Science Reviews. 180: 57–62. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.11.024.

[90] Robert W. Boessenecker; Morgan Churchill (2018). "The last of the desmatophocid seals: a new species of Allodesmus from the upper Miocene of Washington, USA, and a revision of the taxonomy of Desmatophocidae". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. Online edition. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx098.

[Auroraphoca-91] Leonard Dewaele; Carlos Mauricio Peredo; Pjotr Meyvisch; Stephen Louwye (2018). "Diversity of late Neogene Monachinae (Carnivora, Phocidae) from the North Atlantic, with the description of two new species". Royal Society Open Science. 5 (3): 172437. doi:10.1098/rsos.172437.

[92] Jean-Baptiste Fourvel (2018). "Civettictis braini nov. sp. (Mammalia: Carnivora), a new viverrid from the hominin-bearing site of Kromdraai (Gauteng, South Africa)". Comptes Rendus Palevol. in press. doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2017.11.005.

[Katifelis-93] Brent Adrian; Lars Werdelin; Aryeh Grossman (2018). "New Miocene Carnivora (Mammalia) from Moruorot and Kalodirr, Kenya". Palaeontologia Electronica. 21 (1): Article number 21.1.10A. doi:10.26879/778.

[94] Manuel J. Salesa; Gema Siliceo; Mauricio Antón; Stéphane Peigné; Jorge Morales (2018). "Functional and systematic implications of the postcranial anatomy of a late Miocene feline (Carnivora, Felidae) from Batallones-1 (Madrid, Spain)". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. in press. doi:10.1007/s10914-017-9414-9.

[95] Qi-Gao Jiangzuo; Jin-Yi Liu; Jan Wagner; Jin Chen (2018). "Taxonomical revision of "Arctonyx" fossil remains from the Liucheng Gigantopithecus Cave (South China) by means of morphotype and morphometrics, and a review of Late Pliocene and Early Pleistocene Meles fossil records in China". Palaeoworld. in press. doi:10.1016/j.palwor.2017.12.001.

[96] Louis de Bonis; Stéphane Peigné; Hassane Taisso Mackaye; Andossa Likius; Patrick Vignaud; Michel Brunet (2018). "New sabre toothed Felidae (Carnivora, Mammalia) in the hominid-bearing sites of Toros Menalla (late Miocene, Chad)". Geodiversitas. 40 (3): 69–86. doi:10.5252/geodiversitas2018v40a3.

[97] Fernando Blanco; Ana Rosa Gómez Cano; Juan L. Cantalapiedra; M. Soledad Domingo; Laura Domingo; Iris Menéndez; Lawrence J. Flynn; Manuel Hernández Fernández (2018). "Differential responses of Miocene rodent metacommunities to global climatic changes were mediated by environmental context". Scientific Reports. 8: Article number 2502. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-20900-5.

[98] Myriam Boivin; Laurent Marivaux; Rodolfo Salas-Gismondi; Emma C. Vieytes; Pierre-Olivier Antoine (2018). "Incisor enamel microstructure of Paleogene caviomorph rodents from Contamana and Shapaja (Peruvian Amazonia)". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. in press. doi:10.1007/s10914-018-9430-4.

[99] Laurent Marivaux; Myriam Boivin; Sylvain Adnet; Mohamed Benammi; Rodolphe Tabuce; Mouloud Benammi (2018). "Incisor enamel microstructure of hystricognathous and anomaluroid rodents from the earliest Oligocene of Dakhla, Atlantic Sahara (Morocco)". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. in press. doi:10.1007/s10914-017-9426-5.

[100] Diego H. Verzi; A. Itatí Olivares; Cecilia C. Morgan (2018). "Morphology of the lower deciduous premolars of South American hystricomorph rodents and age of the Octodontoidea". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology. in press. doi:10.1080/08912963.2018.1427089.

[101] Andrés Rinderknecht; Enrique Bostelmann; Martín Ubilla (2018). "Making a giant rodent: cranial anatomy and ontogenetic development in the genus Isostylomys (Mammalia, Hystricognathi, Dinomyidae)". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 16 (3): 245–261. doi:10.1080/14772019.2017.1285360.

[102] Andrés Rinderknecht; Washington W. Jones; Ney Araújo; Gustavo Grinspan; R. Ernesto Blanco (2018). "Bite force and body mass of the fossil rodent Telicomys giganteus (Caviomorpha, Dinomyidae)". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology. in press. doi:10.1080/08912963.2017.1384475.

[103] Luciano L. Rasia; Adriana M. Candela (2018). "Reappraisal of the giant caviomorph rodent Phoberomys burmeisteri (Ameghino, 1886) from the late Miocene of northeastern Argentina, and the phylogeny and diversity of Neoepiblemidae". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology. 30 (4): 486–495. doi:10.1080/08912963.2017.1294168.

[104] Leonardo Kerber; Marcelo R. Sánchez-Villagra (2018). "Morphology of the middle ear ossicles in the rodent Perimys (Neoepiblemidae) and a comprehensive anatomical and morphometric study of the phylogenetic transformations of these structures in caviomorphs". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. in press. doi:10.1007/s10914-017-9422-9.

[105] Raúl I. Vezzosi; Leonardo Kerber (2018). "The southernmost record of a large erethizontid rodent (Hystricomorpha: Erethizontoidea) in the Pleistocene of South America: Biogeographic and paleoenvironmental implications". Journal of South American Earth Sciences. 82: 76–90. doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2017.12.015.

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@@ Line 1,332: / Line 1,332: @@
 * Late [[Pleistocene]] hominin tracks, probably produced by ''Homo sapiens'', are described from the Waenhuiskrans Formation ([[South Africa]]) by Helm ''et al.'' (2018).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Charles W. Helm |author2=Richard T. McCrea |author3=Hayley C. Cawthra |author4=Martin G. Lockley |author5=Richard M. Cowling |author6=Curtis W. Marean |author7=Guy H. H. Thesen |author8=Tammy S. Pigeon |author9=Sinèad Hattingh |year=2018 |title=A new Pleistocene hominin tracksite from the Cape south coast, South Africa |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=8 |pages=Article number 3772 |doi=10.1038/s41598-018-22059-5 }}</ref>
 * A study on the age of a modern human [[mandible]] with teeth from the [[Misliya cave]] ([[Mount Carmel]], [[Israel]]) is published by Hershkovitz ''et al.'' (2018), who date the fossil as at least 177,000 years old, representing the oldest reported fossil of a member of the ''Homo sapiens'' clade found outside Africa.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Israel Hershkovitz |author2=Gerhard W. Weber |author3=Rolf Quam |author4=Mathieu Duval |author5=Rainer Grün |author6=Leslie Kinsley |author7=Avner Ayalon |author8=Miryam Bar-Matthews |author9=Helene Valladas |author10=Norbert Mercier |author11=Juan Luis Arsuaga |author12=María Martinón-Torres |author13=José María Bermúdez de Castro |author14=Cinzia Fornai |author15=Laura Martín-Francés |author16=Rachel Sarig |author17=Hila May |author18=Viktoria A. Krenn |author19=Viviane Slon |author20=Laura Rodríguez |author21=Rebeca García |author22=Carlos Lorenzo |author23=Jose Miguel Carretero |author24=Amos Frumkin |author25=Ruth Shahack-Gross |author26=Daniella E. Bar-Yosef Mayer |author27=Yaming Cui |author28=Xinzhi Wu |author29=Natan Peled |author30=Iris Groman-Yaroslavski |author31=Lior Weissbrod |author32=Reuven Yeshurun |author33=Alexander Tsatskin |author34=Yossi Zaidner |author35=Mina Weinstein-Evron |year=2018 |title=The earliest modern humans outside Africa |journal=Science |volume=359 |issue=6374 |pages=456–459 |doi=10.1126/science.aap8369 }}</ref>
+* A [[Phalanx bone|phalanx]] of a member of the species ''Homo sapiens'' is described from the ~95–86,000 years old Al Wusta site ([[An Nafud]], [[Saudi Arabia]]) by Groucutt ''et al.'' (2018), representing the oldest directly dated fossil of ''Homo sapiens'' found outside Africa and the Levant.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Huw S. Groucutt |author2=Rainer Grün |author3=Iyad A. S. Zalmout |author4=Nick A. Drake |author5=Simon J. Armitage |author6=Ian Candy |author7=Richard Clark-Wilson |author8=Julien Louys |author9=Paul S. Breeze |author10=Mathieu Duval |author11=Laura T. Buck |author12=Tracy L. Kivell |author13=Emma Pomeroy |author14=Nicholas B. Stephens |author15=Jay T. Stock |author16=Mathew Stewart |author17=Gilbert J. Price |author18=Leslie Kinsley |author19=Wing Wai Sung |author20=Abdullah Alsharekh |author21=Abdulaziz Al-Omari |author22=Muhammad Zahir |author23=Abdullah M. Memesh |author24=Ammar J. Abdulshakoor |author25=Abdu M. Al-Masari |author26=Ahmed A. Bahameem |author27=Khaled M. S. Al Murayyi |author28=Badr Zahrani |author29=Eleanor L. M. Scerri |author30=Michael D. Petraglia |year=2018 |title=''Homo sapiens'' in Arabia by 85,000 years ago |journal=Nature Ecology & Evolution |volume=in press |issue= |pages= |doi=10.1038/s41559-018-0518-2 }}</ref>
 * A study on the effects of the [[Toba catastrophe theory|Toba supereruption]] in East Africa is published by Yost ''et al.'' (2018), who find no evidence of the erupton causing a [[volcanic winter]] in East Africa or a [[population bottleneck]] among African populations of [[anatomically modern human]]s.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Chad L. Yost |author2=Lily J. Jackson |author3=Jeffery R. Stone |author4=Andrew S. Cohen |year=2018 |title=Subdecadal phytolith and charcoal records from Lake Malawi, East Africa imply minimal effects on human evolution from the ∼74 ka Toba supereruption |journal=Journal of Human Evolution |volume=116 |pages=75–94 |doi=10.1016/j.jhevol.2017.11.005 }}</ref>
 * Microscopic glass shards characteristic of the Youngest Toba Tuff (ashfall from the Toba eruption), dated as approximately 74,000 years old, are described from two archaeological sites on the south coast of [[South Africa]] by Smith ''et al.'' (2018), who interpret their findings as indicating that humans in this region thrived through the Toba event and the ensuing full glacial conditions.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Eugene I. Smith |author2=Zenobia Jacobs |author3=Racheal Johnsen |author4=Minghua Ren |author5=Erich C. Fisher |author6=Simen Oestmo |author7=Jayne Wilkins |author8=Jacob A. Harris |author9=Panagiotis Karkanas |author10=Shelby Fitch |author11=Amber Ciravolo |author12=Deborah Keenan |author13=Naomi Cleghorn |author14=Christine S. Lane |author15=Thalassa Matthews |author16=Curtis W. Marean |year=2018 |title=Humans thrived in South Africa through the Toba eruption about 74,000 years ago |journal=Nature |volume=555 |issue=7697 |pages=511–515 |doi=10.1038/nature25967 }}</ref>