List of people who converted to Christianity

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Converts to Christianity
Converts to Christianity.png
C. S. Lewis • M. Fuchida • C. Soong • B. Jindal • M. Oufkir A. Gbaja-Biamila • G. K. Skanderbeg • E. N. Kusturica • C. S. Menem • Chamillionaire • R. A. Yousef • G. Jellinek • The Apostle Paul • B. Dylan • T. Y. Boni F. P. B. Bok • Pocahontas • H. W. H. Pokai • L. Eiríksson • C. F. V. A. C. Augustus
Total population
2,501,396 every year, according to the World Christian Encyclopedia[1]
Another estimate says in Africa, every year, 6 million people convert to Christianity[2].

The following is a list of notable people who converted to Christianity from a different religion or no religion. This article addresses only past voluntary professions of faith by the individuals listed, and is not intended to address ethnic, cultural, or other considerations such as Marriage. Certain people listed here may be lapsed or former converts, or their current religious identity may be ambiguous, uncertain or disputed. Such cases are noted in their list entries.

Contents

[edit] From Abrahamic religions

[edit] From Islam

Abo of Tiflis, a Christian activist and the Patron AMR Saint of the city of Tbilisi, Georgia.[3]
Bahaa el-Din Ahmed Hussein el-Akkad - Egyptian former Muslim sheikh.[citation needed]
Nonie Darwish, an Egyptian American writer and public speaker.[4]
Akbar Gbaja-Biamila is an American football player.[5]
Mohammed Hegazy the first Egyptian Muslim convert to Christianity to seek official recognition of his conversion from the Egyptian Government.[6]
Italian journalist Magdi Allam converted to Roman Catholicism during the Vatican's 2008 Easter vigil service presided over by Pope Benedict XVI.[7]
Born into a Muslim Batak family, Indonesian Prime Minister Amir Sjarifuddin converted to Christianity in 1931, upon which his fervently Islamic mother committed suicide.[8]


A

B

C

D

E

F

  • Donald Fareed - Iranian Christian tele-evangelist and minister.[42]
  • Jacob Frank - 18th century Jewish religious leader who claimed to be the reincarnation of the self-proclaimed messiah Sabbatai Zevi, and also of King David. Frank publicly converted to Islam in 1757 and later to Christianity at Poland in 1759, but actually presented himself as the Messiah of a syncretic derivation of Shabbatai Zevi's Messianism now referred to as Frankism.[43]

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

  • Marina Nemat - Canadian author of Iranian descent and former political prisoner of the Iranian government. Born into a Christian family, she converted to Islam in order to avoid execution but later reverted to Christianity.[72]
  • Nunilo and Alodia - a pair of child martyrs from Huesca. Born of a mixed marriage, they eschewed the Islam of their father in favour of their mother's Christianity.

O

  • Malika Oufkir - Moroccan writer, daughter of General Mohamed Oufkir, and former prisoner of King Hassan II of Morocco.

P

R

S

T

U

W

Y

Z

[edit] From Judaism

The Jewish Encyclopedia gives some statistics on conversion of Jews to Protestantism, Roman Catholicism, and Orthodox Christianity (which it calls "Greek Catholicism").[102] Some 2,000 European Jews converted to Christianity every year during the 19th century, but in the 1890s the number was running closer to 3,000 per year, — 1,000 in Austria Hungary (Galizian Poland), 1,000 in Russia (Poland, Belarus, Ukraine, and Lithuania), 500 in Germany (Posen), and the remainder in the English world.

[edit] From Rastafari movement

[edit] From Dharmic religions

[edit] From Buddhism

[edit] From Hinduism

[edit] From Sikhism

[edit] From agnosticism or atheism

[edit] Other

[edit] From Cao Dai

[edit] From Confucianism or traditional Chinese/East Asian religions

Note: It is debated whether Confucianism is a religion and some Confucians who became Christians considered themselves to remain Confucian in philosophy.

[edit] From Paganism

Paganism is a term which, from a Western perspective, has come to connote a broad set of spiritual or cultic practices or beliefs of any folk religion, and of historical and contemporary polytheistic religions in particular.

While the term has historically been used to denote adherents of any non-Abrahamic faith, for the purposes of this list, only adherents of non-major polytheistic, shamanistic, pantheistic, or animistic religions will be listed in this section.

[edit] British Isles/Celtic/Germanic (excluding Norse) paganism

[edit] Norse paganism

[edit] Graeco-Roman Paganism

[edit] Egyptian paganism

  • Horapollo - leader of the few remaining pagan schools of Menouthis during Emperor Zeno's reign (474-491) who converted to Christianity after being tortured.[256]

[edit] Mideastern and Arabian paganism

[edit] African traditional religions

[edit] North American or Inuit

[edit] New Zealand and Pacific Islands traditional religions

[edit] European paganism (generic)

[edit] Eastern European/ Slavic paganism

[edit] From Manichaeism

[edit] From Zoroastrianism

[edit] From Satanism

  • Bartolo Longo - Italian satanic priest who converted to Catholicism, became a lay Dominican and founded a lay prayer society. On October 26, 1980 he was beatified by Pope John Paul II, who called him the "Apostle of the Rosary" and mentioned him specifically in his encyclical letter "Rosarium Virginis Mariae" (The Rosary of the Virgin Mary).
  • Jeffrey Dahmer - American serial killer and cannibal. Dahmer dabbled in Satanism before his arrest,[279] but later converted to Christianity while in prison.[280]
  • Sean Sellers - American murderer.[281]

[edit] Undetermined former religion


[edit] See also

[edit] Notes and references

  1. ^ The Numbers. FastestGrowingReligion.com
  2. ^ Six Million African Muslims Convert to Christianity Each Year. OrthodoxyToday.org May 6, 2006.
  3. ^ a b Collected Papers in Greek And Georgian Textual Criticism, pg. 174.[1]; January 8th Saints
  4. ^ a b Friedman, Lisa. "Ex-Muslim calls on her people to reject hatred", Los Angeles Daily News, 5 June 2005. (reproduced)
  5. ^ a b Kabeer Gbaja-Biamila
  6. ^ a b [2]
  7. ^ a b Pope baptizes one of Italy's most prominent Muslims at Easter vigil service
  8. ^ a b Vickers (2005), page 86
  9. ^ a b c d e f Compass Direct News
  10. ^ Former terrorist trades weapons for olive branch
  11. ^ http://www.rnw.nl/arabic/article/467965
  12. ^ http://www.hdhod.com/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%82-%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AC-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A9-%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A8%D8%B7%D9%84%D9%8A-%D9%84%D9%81%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A8-%D8%A3%D8%B9%D8%B7%D9%89-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%B6-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF_a34209.html
  13. ^ Michael Walsh, A New Dictionary of Saints: East and West, Liturgical Press, 2007, ISBN 0-8146-3186-X, Google Print, p. 3.
  14. ^ Holweck, F. G. (1924). A Biographical Dictionary of the Saints. St. Louis: B. Herder Book Co.. p. 84. 
  15. ^ "A History of Orthodox Missions Among the Muslims". Yurij Maximov, Russian author and religious studies teacher in the Religious Studies at the Moscow Orthodox Seminary. http://www.orthodoxytoday.org/articles4/MaximovMuslims.shtml. Retrieved 2007-08-17. 
  16. ^ Joseph Patrich, The Sabaite Heritage in the Orthodox Church, Peeters Publishers, 2001, ISBN 90-429-0976-5, Google Print, p. 157.
  17. ^ The Human Side In The Hajjah Of The Messenger of Allah
  18. ^ Compass Direct News
  19. ^ "CBC Radio – The Current – Whole Show Blow-by-Blow". http://www.cbc.ca/thecurrent/2007/200701/20070116.html. [dead link]
  20. ^ He saved me - The story of Hussain Andaryas from Afghanistan
  21. ^ Petre, Jonathan (2005-10-08). "'Wealth' church leader practised what he preached". Telegraph. http://www.rickross.com/reference/general/general772.html. Retrieved 2007-08-04. "the charismatic Mr Ashimolowo, a Nigerian-born convert from Islam" 
  22. ^ Christian Martyrs in Muslim Spain
  23. ^ Biography of Johannes Aveteranian
  24. ^ Hutchison, Robert A. (1999). Their Kingdom Come: Inside the Secret World of Opus Dei. St. Martin's Press. p. 7. ISBN 0312193440.  - "Sister Josephine Bakhita had been converted by force to Islam and then, freedom restored, had chosen Christianity".
  25. ^ The Kurdish Minority Problem, p.11, December 1948, ORE 71-48, CIA "The first of the major Barzani revolts took place in 1931 after Sheikh Ahmed Barzani, one of the most prominent Kurdish leaders in Iraqi Kurdistan, announced his conversion to Christianity and succeeded in defeating a number of other Kurdish tribes as well as regular Iraqi troops." [3].
  26. ^ a b c d (Tatar) "Үтәмешгәрәй". Tatar Encyclopedia. Kazan: Tatarstan Republic Academy of Sciences Institution of the Tatar Encyclopaedia. 2002. 
  27. ^ Massie, Robert K. (1981). Peter the Great. Soviet Union: Ballantine Books. p. 469. ISBN 0345298063. 
  28. ^ Beale, Lewis. "Precious Freedom. USA Weekend Magazine. November 9, 2003.
  29. ^ I Love Jeddah in the Springtime Time magazine
  30. ^ Benin's new president announced
  31. ^ Djibril Cisse - Biography "Cisse, originally a Muslim converted to Christianity."
  32. ^ Muslim to Catholic Convert Hansen Hashem Clarke Member of US Congress.
  33. ^ Latter-day Saint (Mormon) character in "Panther" (1997) (Eldridge Cleaver, Latter-day Saint)
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  35. ^ Constantine the African
  36. ^ Constantine the African, or Constantinus Africanus (medieval medical scholar)
  37. ^ FAITH UNDER FIRE - Descendant of Muhammad converts to Christianity - But faces threat to life if forced to return to Turkey
  38. ^ "The Rt Rev Hassan Dehqani-Tafti, Bishop of Iran who survived an assassination attempt and had to continue his ministry in exile". The Telegraph (London). 2008-05-05. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1918728/The-Rt-Rev-Hassan-Dehqani-Tafti.html. Retrieved 2008-05-11. 
  39. ^ The Written Defense of the Rev. Mehdi Dibaj Delivered to the Sari Court of Justice - Sari, Iran December 3, 1993
  40. ^ Estevanico (aka Estevan, Esteban, Estebanico, Black Stephen, Stephen the Moor)
  41. ^ Gulshan Esther, Alistair Mark Dean, Thelma Sangster, The Torn Veil: The Best-selling Story of Gulshan Esther, Zondervan (1992), pg.46, ISBN 0-551-01153-X
  42. ^ Donald Fareed's testimony on the Persian ministries website
  43. ^ Gershom Scholem, 'Shabtai Zvi (1626–1676)', 'Frank, Jacob, and the Frankists', from Encyclopedia Judaica
  44. ^ Against the Tides in the Middle East, International Academic Centre for Muslim Evangelism in South Africa, 1997 (published under the name "Mustafa").
  45. ^ Prison Radicalization: Are Terrorist Cells Forming in U.S. Cell Blocks? Government testimony (PDF)
  46. ^ Daveed Gartenstein-Ross biography on his website
  47. ^ Akbar Gbaja-Biamila Keeps the Faith - ("In college, Akbar converted to Christianity, while his father remains a Muslim.")
  48. ^ Ruffa Gutierrez reaffirms her Christian faith
  49. ^ Damien Simonis, Sarah Andrews, Spain, Lonely Planet, 2005, ISBN 1-74059-700-1, Google Print, pp. 743.
  50. ^ Gutierrez, Scott (July 28, 2006). "Shooting suspect was baptized". Seattle Post-Intelligencer. http://www.seattlepi.com/local/279424_convert30ww.html. Retrieved 2006-08-01. 
  51. ^ L. P. Harvey, Muslims in Spain, 1500 to 1614: 1500 to 1614, University of Chicago Press, 2005, ISBN 0-226-31963-6, M1 Google Print, pp. 223 Various Christian sources including the Christian historian, Marmol claim that with his dying breath Aben Humeya declared himself a Christian and said that what he had done was in the prosecution of a family feud.
  52. ^ Faith in Sports
  53. ^ Qadry Ismail's bio on TheGoal.com
  54. ^ Article on Raghib Ismail: Rocket shows strong path
  55. ^ Marriages of the Holy Prophet
  56. ^ in Catholic community
  57. ^ Time Magazine
  58. ^ (Russian) Alexander Kazembek: Light from the East by Alexei Pylev. 13 April 2003. Retrieved 9 October 2006
  59. ^ Okanla, Karim (20 August 2003). "Benin's 'magical' leader". BBC news. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/3166593.stm. 
  60. ^ Article about Kusturica's religion on pionirovglasnik.com
  61. ^ News of Kusturica's baptism on passagen.se
  62. ^ Heirs of the Prophets: An account of the clergy and Priests of Islam, Samuel Marinus Zwemer, Moody press, 1946, p. 127 - "There are some examples which could easily be multiplied. Dr. Imad-ud-Din was a leading sufi and theologian in the Punjaub. He was appointed to preach against Dr. Pfander in the royal mosque at Agra; he read the Scriptures, believed and was baptised, and with another great theologian and sufi, Safdar Ali, became a missionary to his people. Afterwards he received a doctorate from Oxford University. His baptism took place New Year's Day, 1868, together with his aged father and brother. Other distinguished converts in the Punjab, such as Imam Shah, were also from the clergy."
  63. ^ Cryer, Neville Barker (1979). Bibles Across the World. United States of America: Mowbrays. p. 94. ISBN 0264664175. 
  64. ^ Majumdar, Margaret (2002). Francophone Studies: The Essential Glossary. United States of America: Oxford University Press. p. 4. ISBN 0340806966. 
  65. ^ In Tibet and Chinese Turkestan: Being the Record of Three Years' Exploration, Henry Hugh Peter Deasy, pg. 284
  66. ^ "Carlos Menem" Encyclopædia Britannica
  67. ^ http://st-takla.org/zJ/index.php?option=com_icopts&task=&sm=3-2&c=&dbl=en&tht=1309039200
  68. ^ http://www.wiscopts.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=153&Itemid=97
  69. ^ http://st-takla.org/Saints/Coptic-Orthodox-Saints-Biography/Coptic-Saints-Story_794.html
  70. ^ Brad Biggs (May 20, 2005 Friday). "Muhammad all about giving as well as receiving". Chicago Sun-Times: p. 148. 
  71. ^ Jarrett-Kerr, Martin (1972). Patterns of Christian Acceptance. United Kingdom: Oxford University Press. p. 196. 
  72. ^ Flight from Iran
  73. ^ Hussein Fardust, The Rise and Fall of the Pahlavi Dynasty:, Motilal Banarsidass, 1999, ISBN 81-208-1642-0, Google Print, pp. 122–123.
  74. ^ Hamid Pourmand: Imprisonment due to religious belief
  75. ^ http://english.aljazeera.net/news/archive/archive?ArchiveId=21687
  76. ^ Istoria şi tradiţiile minorităţii rromani, p.28, 2005, Sigma, Bucharest, Delia Grigore, Petre Petcuţ and Mariana Sandu - "Born to a Rom Muslim slave father and a free Romanian Christian mother, Razvan converted to Christianity, thereby, attracting the wrath of the Ottomans."
  77. ^ Emily Ruete, (1888): Memoirs of an Arabian Princess from Zanzibar
  78. ^ Emily Ruete, Ulrich Haarmann (Editor), E. Van Donzel (Editor), Leiden, Netherlands, (1992): An Arabian Princess Between Two Worlds: Memoirs, Letters Home, Sequels to the Memoirs, Syrian Customs and Usages. Presents the reader with a picture of life in Zanzibar between 1850 - 1865, and with an intelligent observer's reactions to life in Germany in the Bismarck period. Emily Ruete's writings describe her attempts to recover her Zanzibar inheritance and her homesickness. ISBN 90-04-09615-9
  79. ^ Publisher's review for Memoirs of an Arabian Princess from Zanzibar - ("Despite strictures confining Islamic women, she trysted with a German who is thought to have impregnated her, fled to Germany where she converted to Christianity")
  80. ^ Erebara, Gjergj (4 October 2010). "Kosovo's New Cathedral Stirs Muslim Resentment". Balkan Insight. http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/albanians-vie-for-religious-sites. Retrieved 14 January 2011. 
  81. ^ Egypt The Muhammed Ali dynasty
  82. ^ Egypt
  83. ^ The Indian Mutiny and the British Imagination by Gautam Chakravarty · Cambridge, 242 pp ISBN 0-521-83274-8
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  85. ^ Features : Chamillionaire: Here Comes the Reign
  86. ^ MuchMusic.com | Artists|Chamillionaire
  87. ^ Michael Khodarkovsky, Russia's Steppe Frontier, Indiana University Press, 2002, ISBN 0-253-21770-9, M1 Google Print, p. 265.
  88. ^ Ivan Mannheim, Syria & Lebanon handbook, Footprint Travel Guides, 2001, ISBN 1-900949-90-3, Google Print, p. 567.
  89. ^ Biography of Walid Shoebat
  90. ^ Is the 'prosperity gospel' prospering?
  91. ^ Rendina, Claudio (2000). La grande enciclopedia di Roma. Rome: Newton Compton, 1136. ISBN 88-8289-316-2.
  92. ^ Schwaner, Birgit (2007-06-01). "Der Abenteurer aus Ober St. Veit" (in German). Weiner Zeitung. http://www.wienerzeitung.at/Desktopdefault.aspx?TabID=3946&Alias=wzo&lexikon=Afrika&letter=A&cob=286780. Retrieved 2008-01-19. ""He was absolved by the Pope for his conversion, which he reversed"" 
  93. ^ Islam, the West and the need for honesty
  94. ^ TURKEY: CONVERTS SUBJECTED TO OFFICIAL HARASSMENT
  95. ^ Troyat, Henri Ivan le Terrible. Flammarion, Paris, 1982
  96. ^ Diplomats Concerned About Killing of Iranian Pastor
  97. ^ You quizzed George Weah - BBC.com
  98. ^ Catherine Elsworth&Carolynne Wheeler (August 24, 2008). "Mosab Hassan Yousef, son of Hamas leader, becomes a Christian". The Daily Telegraph (London). http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/palestinianauthority/2613399/Mosab-Hassan-Yousef-son-of-Hamas-leader-becomes-a-Christian.html. Retrieved 2010-03-04. 
  99. ^ Catholic Online (December 10, 2007). "Did Ramzi Yousef Really Convert to Christianity?". Catholic Online. http://www.catholic.org/national/national_story.php?id=25656. Retrieved 2008-03-19. 
  100. ^ 60 minutes (December 10, 2007). "Supermax: A Clean Version Of Hell". 60 minutes. http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/10/11/60minutes/main3357727_page2.shtml. Retrieved 2008-03-19. 
  101. ^ Saye Zerbo, président of the republic from 1980 to 1982 (article in French) "At once stopped, Saye Zerbo is thrown in prison. Since his imprisonment, the deposed president contemplates and reads the Qu'ran through whole nights. He also asks so that the Bible be brought to him that the archbishop of Ouagadougou, the cardinal Paul Zoungrana, had offered to him at the time of first Christmas following his takeover. At this point in time it will have the revelation which will change its life. In a mystical dash, Saye Zerbo is brought to his knees, returns thanks to God and converts to Christianity. His entire family will do the same thing thereafter."
  102. ^ JewishEncyclopedia.com - STATISTICS:
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  155. ^ Profile of Rev. David Yonggi Cho
  156. ^ Christianity Today newsletter
  157. ^ From Pearl Harbor to Calvary by Mitsuo Fuchida.
  158. ^ "God's on My Side" at nationmultimedia.com
  159. ^ LDS.org
  160. ^ Time Magazine
  161. ^ The Chinese Revolution and Chinese Communism
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  163. ^ Spiritual Counterfeits Project page on Tal Brooke
  164. ^ Rediff
  165. ^ "Indian-born nun to succeed Mother Teresa" at cnn.com
  166. ^ "Women Excel"
  167. ^ On Point : The Party of Death - The Party of Death
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  174. ^ A hindu sikh sadhu (Sundar Singh) met by Jesus Christ
  175. ^ Seattle Times "In 1975, he threw off his atheism and became a Christian."
  176. ^ Wall Street Journal
  177. ^ Sin: An Honest Mistake?, by Kirk Cameron, Boundless Webzine. From the introduction: "But much more noteworthy than his acting career was his conversion to Christianity. Kirk was not raised in a church-going home and described himself as a devout atheist from a very young age." (Accessed 13 June 2007)
  178. ^ "I was brought up as an agnostic... and when I first became a Christian in the Seventies I didn't really know what it was I'd adopted." Faith in Practice: Holding on to the Mystery of Love, by Bruce Cockburn as told to Cole Morton, Third Way, September 1994, page 15. (Accessed 13 June 2007)
  179. ^ "He converted from atheism to Christianity in his twenties after seeing how radically his patients' faith transformed their experience of suffering, and after reading several works by C. S. Lewis." The Question of God: Interview with Francis Collins, WGBH Educational Foundation, 2004 (Accessed 14 June 2007)
  180. ^ "[Stapleton and Flynt] formed a fast friendship, which resulted in Flynt's surprising and publicized conversion to Christianity." Biography.com: Larry Flynt
  181. ^ [Bo Giertz, The Hammer of God,revised edition, XIII, Augsburg Fortress, Minneapolis, 2005.
  182. ^ [16]; [17]
  183. ^ Telegraph "She reacted strongly against her parents' beliefs and became a Catholic at 19, because she 'no longer found it possible to disbelieve in God.'" (pg 2)
  184. ^ Time Magazine from July 19, 1963 "Lepp has the credentials to explain the mind of the atheist: he was one himself for 27 years."
  185. ^ Catholic Net
  186. ^ "The Killer and the Pastor" article from Time.com
  187. ^ "Lewis lapsed into atheism in his teens but experienced a reconversion to Christianity in 1931." Lewis, C.S.. (2007). In Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved June 28, 2007, from Encyclopædia Britannica Online
  188. ^ [18]
  189. ^ John J. Drummond, Lester E. Embree. Phenomenological Approaches to Moral Philosophy: A Handbook; Sweetman, Brendan. Marcel and phenomenology: Can literature help philosophy?
  190. ^ http://www.theinterim.com/march98/18colleton.html
  191. ^ biography on official website
  192. ^ Norge IDAG - Monsen med bok om sin tro
  193. ^ [19]
  194. ^ Interview for Christianity Today: I was so outspoken about not believing in God. I had real problems with Christians.]
  195. ^ statement of William J. Murray
  196. ^ Nathanson, Bernand Aborting America (1981 Pinnacle Books)
  197. ^ Marxism and Me by Marvin Olasky: My communism was based on atheism, and when I could no longer be an atheist, I resigned from the party.
  198. ^ Creators Syndicate Profile
  199. ^ University of Bielefeld
  200. ^ Chronicle of Higher Education article obituary (Copied by Gametheory.net) has the following "Because George was a fire-spitting atheist and Julia a devout Christian, their relationship was contentious from the beginning. After eight years, the marriage ended in acrimony." "On June 7 [1970] I gave in and admitted that God existed", he explained to friends.
  201. ^ Interview with a Penitent from Christianity Today
  202. ^ Article from the University of Wollongong
  203. ^ University of Chicago "made a spiritual journey from atheism to agnosticism before eventually converting to Catholicism"
  204. ^ Decibel Magazine
  205. ^ Strobel's official website calls him an "Atheist-turned-Christian."
  206. ^ "...he was an atheist arguing for religious values, a man writing an essay on religion 'in a spirit of irreligion.'... He would not convert to Catholicism for two decades, but his need for religious authority was acute even in 1930." Allen Tate: Orphan of the South, p. 167, biographer Thomas A. Underwood, Princeton University Press, 2000, ISBN 0-691-06950-6
  207. ^ "He was conspicuously bohemian and agnostic..." "Waugh's Catholicism is an organic part of this oneness. In 1930 he was converted..." [20]
  208. ^ The Guardian Quote: Even though she was raised an atheist, in the past three or four years she has been going to church. In her eighth decade, she has even submitted to being baptised.
  209. ^ "At that time, I was an atheist." "...I was converted as I repented of my sins and asked God to accept me in Christ." My Spiritual Pilgrimage from Theistic Evolution to Creationism by Monty White
  210. ^ Advocates for self-government (A Libertarian site) says of him "A lifelong 'vehement, argumentative, proselytizing atheist,' Wright suffered a heart attack in 2003 and soon afterwards had a 'supernatural' religious experience that made him, he wrote, 'aware of a spiritual dimension of reality of which I had hitherto been unaware... I was altered down to the root of my being.' Wright is now a Christian.
  211. ^ Canadian Christianity.com
  212. ^ Kim Foundation
  213. ^ a b Kim, Young-Sik, Ph.D. (2003). The US-Korea relations: 1910–1945: A brief history of the US-Korea relations prior to 1945. Association for Asian Research. http://www.asianresearch.org/articles/1624.html. Retrieved 2006-11-25. 
  214. ^ a b Interview "I had a religious conversion and became a Christian. Before I followed Confucianism"
  215. ^ a b Portraits of Modern Japanese Historical Figures
  216. ^ a b One of China's Scholars: The Culture & Conversion of a Confucianist
  217. ^ The Northern Saints
  218. ^ Patron Saints Index: Saint Alban
  219. ^ Bede, Ecclesiastical History of the English People, Book III, chapter 7.
  220. ^ Britannia EBK Biographies: St. Constantine, King of Strathclyde
  221. ^ Berkshire History: Biographies: St. Abban of Abingdon
  222. ^ Raedwald - Britannica Online Encyclopedia
  223. ^ D.H. Farmer, The Oxford Dictionary of Saints (Oxford 1978). ISBN 0-19-282038-9.
  224. ^ [21]
  225. ^ CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: St. Ethelbert (King of Kent)
  226. ^ [22]
  227. ^ Allen, Grant. "Anglo-Saxon Britain".
  228. ^ Patron Saints Index: Saint Leonard of Noblac
  229. ^ [23]
  230. ^ St. Bavo - Catholic Online
  231. ^ BBC - History - Leif Erikson (11th century)
  232. ^ Green, John Richard. "A short history of the English people".
  233. ^ Rollo of Normandy
  234. ^ Olav Haraldsson
  235. ^ Viking in the Netherlands
  236. ^ Saint Patrick's Church: Saints of April 18
  237. ^ Forum Romanum: the Temple of Vesta and the Vestal Virgins
  238. ^ CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Commodianus
  239. ^ CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Constantine the Great
  240. ^ Ecumenical Patriarchate
  241. ^ CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Athenagoras
  242. ^ CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Dionysius the Pseudo-Areopagite
  243. ^ Patron Saints Index: Saint Eustachius
  244. ^ [24], [25]
  245. ^ CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Caius Marius Victorinus
  246. ^ CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Saint Honoratus
  247. ^ Patron Saints Index: Saint Pancras
  248. ^ Body Theology - St. Panteleimon
  249. ^ Patron Saints Index: Saint Cyriacus
  250. ^ Patron Saints Index: Saint Julius the Veteran
  251. ^ Patron Saints Index: Saint Sabinian of Troyes
  252. ^ CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Lucius Caecilius Firmianus Lactantius
  253. ^ Apologia ad Autolycum i. 14, ii. 24.
  254. ^ CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: St. Justin Martyr
  255. ^ [26], [27]
  256. ^ Studiolum
  257. ^ Reading Islam.com: What Really Happened Up There?
  258. ^ [28]
  259. ^ Bonaberi.com: A la découverte de Charles Atangana
  260. ^ God's Invisible Hand: The Life and Work of Francis Cardinal Arinze, an Interview with Gerard O'Connell, pp. 12–21 (Ignatius Press, 2006) ISBN 978-1-58617-135-3
  261. ^ Crowther, Samuel Ajayi, Nigeria, Anglican
  262. ^ Jomo Kenyatta
  263. ^ Bernard Mizeki, Catechist and Martyr in Africa
  264. ^ [29], [30]
  265. ^ February 21: Ranavalona II; Christian History Institute
  266. ^ Rock Paper Scissors - Ladysmith Black Mambazo, Raise Your Spirit Higher (Heads Up) - Concert Preview
  267. ^ Samson Occom, Christian Convert
  268. ^ Pocahontas
  269. ^ [31]
  270. ^ Biographies
  271. ^ The Woman Who Changed A Kingdom - Hawaiian Queen Ka'ahumanu
  272. ^ Dictionary Of New Zealand Biography
  273. ^ Borivoj I (Borivorius I) Duke of Bohemia\ Saint Ludmila
  274. ^ Untitled Document
  275. ^ Catholic Encyclopedia: St. Ludmilla
  276. ^ Jogaila (1350-1434)
  277. ^ Patron Saints Index: Saint Vladimir I of Kiev
  278. ^ [32]; [33]
  279. ^ Jeffrey Dahmer - Serial killer & Cannibal 12
  280. ^ Jeffrey Dahmer - Serial killer & Cannibal 22
  281. ^ Clay and Thornton, "Sellers Executed For 3 Murders", The Daily Oklahoman, February 4, 1999.
  282. ^ http://www.allhiphop.com/stories/news/archive/2009/09/03/21923200.aspx
  283. ^ The best interview ever with the lead men of UnderOath Norma Jean As I Lay Dying - Buzznet
  284. ^ Wonderful Words of Life: Hymns in American Protestant History and Theology By Richard J. Mouw, Mark A. Noll (Accessed 14 June 2007)
  285. ^ "In the winter of 1959 [René Girard] experienced a conversion to Christian faith which had been preceded by a kind of intellectual conversion while he was working on his first book." René Girard:A Biographical Sketch, by James G. Williams
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