Armed Forces General Staff (Portugal): Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
|||
(70 intermediate revisions by 23 users not shown) | |||
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Short description|Supreme military body of Portugal}} |
|||
{{Infobox military unit |
{{Infobox military unit |
||
|unit_name=Armed Forces General Staff |
|unit_name=Armed Forces General Staff |
||
|native_name=Estado-Maior-General das Forças Armadas |
|||
| |
|image=Military flag of Portugal.svg |
||
| |
|image_size=150px |
||
|caption=Military Standard of Portugal |
|caption=Military Standard of Portugal |
||
|dates= |
|dates=1950–1974 (SGDN);<br>1974–present (EMGFA) |
||
|country= |
|country=[[Portugal]] |
||
|allegiance= |
|||
|branch=[[Armed forces]] |
|branch=[[Armed forces]] |
||
|type= |
|type=[[Staff (military)|Military staff]] |
||
|role= |
|role= |
||
|size= |
|size= |
||
|command_structure=[[Portuguese Armed Forces]] |
|command_structure=[[Portuguese Armed Forces]] |
||
|garrison=Lisbon |
|garrison=[[Lisbon]] |
||
|garrison_label=Headquarters |
|garrison_label=Headquarters |
||
|nickname= |
|nickname= |
||
|patron= |
|patron= |
||
|motto=''Que quem quis sempre pôde''<br>( |
|motto=''Que quem quis sempre pôde''<br>("Who wills aye finds a way", from ''[[Os Lusíadas|The Lusiads]]'', Canto IX, 95, v. 6) |
||
|battles=[[Annexation of Goa]]<br/>[[Portuguese Colonial War]]<br/>[[IFOR]]<br/>[[SFOR]]<br/>[[EUFOR]]<br/>[[Kosovo Force|KFOR]]<br/>[[War in Afghanistan (2001–present)|Afghanistan War]]<br/>'''Peacekeaping missions'''<br/>[[Angola]]<br/>[[Bosnia and Herzegovina]]<br/>[[Croatia]]<br/>[[North Macedonia]]<br/>[[Western Sahara]]<br/>[[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]<br/>[[Lebanon]] |
|||
|colors= |
|||
|website={{URL|www.emgfa.pt}} |
|||
|colors_label= |
|||
|march= |
|||
|mascot= |
|||
|equipment= |
|||
|equipment_label= |
|||
|battles= [[Invasion of Goa]]<br/>[[Portuguese Colonial War]]<br/>[[IFOR]]<br/>[[SFOR]]<br/>[[EUFOR]]<br/>[[Kosovo Force|KFOR]]<br/>[[War in Afghanistan (2001–present)|Afghanistan War]]<br/>'''Peacekeaping missions'''<br/>[[Angola]]<br/>[[Bosnia]]<br/>[[Croatia]]<br/>[[Republic of Macedonia|Macedonia]]<br/>[[Western Sahara]]<br/>[[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]<br/>[[Lebanon]] |
|||
|anniversaries= |
|||
|decorations= |
|||
|battle_honours= |
|||
<!-- Commanders --> |
<!-- Commanders --> |
||
|commander1=General |
|commander1=General [[:pt:Jos%C3%A9 Nunes da Fonseca|José Nunes da Fonseca]] |
||
|commander1_label=Current Chief |
|||
[http://www.emgfa.pt www.emgfa.pt] |
|||
|commander1_label=Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces |
|||
|notable_commanders= |
|notable_commanders= |
||
<!-- Insignia --> |
<!-- Insignia --> |
||
|identification_symbol=EMGFA |
|||
|identification_symbol_label=Abbreviation |
|||
|identification_symbol_2= |
|identification_symbol_2= |
||
|identification_symbol_2_label= |
|identification_symbol_2_label= |
||
Line 42: | Line 36: | ||
EMGFA is headed by the Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces ({{lang-pt|Chefe do Estado-Maior-General das Forças Armadas}}) or CEMGFA, the highest rank of [[general]] in the Portuguese Armed Forces. |
EMGFA is headed by the Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces ({{lang-pt|Chefe do Estado-Maior-General das Forças Armadas}}) or CEMGFA, the highest rank of [[general]] in the Portuguese Armed Forces. |
||
==History== |
== History == |
||
In 1950, as part of the Portuguese military reforms related with the lessons learned following World War II, the start of the [[Cold War]] and the foundation of [[NATO]], the roles of [[Ministry of National Defence (Portugal)|minister of National Defence]] and of Chief of the Armed Forces General Staff (CEMGFA) were created. The creation of these roles was a major step in the planned integration of the several military [[service branch]]es and so the establishment of the Armed Forces of Portugal as a single organization. The CEMGFA assumed most of the responsibilities until then assigned to the military heads of the Navy and of the Army, the then existing service branches, as the Air Force would only be created in 1952. |
|||
At the same time and as a forerunner of a future General Staff, the '''Secretariat-General of National Defence''' ({{lang-pt|Secretariado-Geral da Defesa Nacional}}) or '''SGDN''' was established. The SGDN was the central planning organization of the Defence, being headed by the CEMGFA. |
|||
In 1969, it was decreed that SGDN should be remodeled in order to be transformed into the EMGFA, as the organization for the joint administration of the Armed Forces. However, transformation of the SGDN into the EMGFA occurred in 1974. |
|||
In 1969, it was decreed that SGDN should be remodelled in order to be transformed into the Armed Forces General Staff (EMGFA), as the organization for the joint administration of the Armed Forces. However, transformation of the SGDN into the EMGFA occurred only in 1974. |
|||
==Organization== |
|||
== Organization == |
|||
The Armed Forces General Staff is integrated into the [[Ministry of National Defence (Portugal)|Portuguese Ministry of National Defence]] and includes: |
The Armed Forces General Staff is integrated into the [[Ministry of National Defence (Portugal)|Portuguese Ministry of National Defence]] and includes: |
||
* The Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces (CEMGFA) |
* The Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces (CEMGFA) |
||
Line 54: | Line 50: | ||
* The operational commands of the [[Azores]] and [[Madeira]] |
* The operational commands of the [[Azores]] and [[Madeira]] |
||
* The [[commander-in-chief#Portugal|commanders-in-chief]] that can be created under the CEMGFA, in times of war |
* The [[commander-in-chief#Portugal|commanders-in-chief]] that can be created under the CEMGFA, in times of war |
||
* The [[ |
* The [[Centro de Informações e Segurança Militares|Military Security and Information Center]] (CISMIL, ''Centro de Informações e Segurança Militares'') |
||
* The general support organizations |
* The general support organizations |
||
Line 61: | Line 57: | ||
* The Hospital of the Armed Forces (HFAR, ''Hospital das Forças Armadas'') |
* The Hospital of the Armed Forces (HFAR, ''Hospital das Forças Armadas'') |
||
== |
== Chief of the General Staff == |
||
The Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces is the operational commander of the Portuguese Armed Forces in times of peace. In times of war, he assumes the complete command of the Armed Forces. The CEMGFA is a general officer of one of the three branches of the Armed Forces ([[Portuguese |
The Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces is the operational commander of the Portuguese Armed Forces in times of peace. In times of war, he assumes the complete command of the Armed Forces. The CEMGFA is a general officer of one of the three branches of the Armed Forces ([[Portuguese Army|Army]], [[Portuguese Navy|Navy]] and [[Portuguese Air Force|Air Force]]), appointed by the [[President of Portugal]], by proposal of the [[Government of Portugal]]. |
||
== List of chiefs of the General Staff |
=== List of chiefs of the General Staff === |
||
{{Officeholder table start |
|||
* Army General Aníbal César Valdês de Passos e Sousa (1950–1951) |
|||
| showorder = y |
|||
* [[Rear-admiral]] Manuel Ortins de Bettencourt (1951–1955) |
|||
| showimage = y |
|||
* Army General Júlio Carlos Alves Dias Botelho Moniz (1955–1958) |
|||
| image_title = Portrait |
|||
* Army General José António da Rocha Beleza Ferraz (1958–1961) |
|||
| officeholder_title = Chief |
|||
* Army General Manuel Gomes de Araújo (1961–1962) |
|||
| showtermlenght = y |
|||
* Air Force General Venâncio Augusto Deslandes (1968–1972) |
|||
| showparty = n |
|||
* Army General [[Francisco da Costa Gomes]] (1972–1974) |
|||
| showdefencebranch = y |
|||
* Army General Joaquim da Luz Rocha (1974) |
|||
| showref = y |
|||
* Army General Francisco da Costa Gomes (1974–1976) |
|||
}} |
|||
* Army General [[António dos Santos Ramalho Eanes]] (1976–1981) |
|||
{{Officeholder table |
|||
* Army General [[Nuno Viriato Tavares de Melo Egídio]] (1981–1984) |
|||
| order = 1 |
|||
* Air Force General José Lemos Ferreira (1984–1989) |
|||
| image = |
|||
* Army General António da Silva Osório Soares Carneiro (1989–1994) |
|||
| military_rank = [[General]] |
|||
* [[Admiral]] António Carlos Fuzeta da Ponte (1994–1998) |
|||
| officeholder = {{ill|Aníbal César Valdez de Passos e Sousa|pt}} |
|||
* Army General Gabriel Augusto do Espírito Santo (1998–2000) |
|||
| officeholder_sort = de Passos e Sousa, Aníbal César Valdês |
|||
* Air Force General Manuel José Alvarenga de Sousa Santos (2000–2002) |
|||
| born_year = 1884 |
|||
* Admiral José Manuel Garcia Mendes Cabeçadas (2002–2006) |
|||
| died_year = 1954 |
|||
* Army General Luís Valença Pinto (2006–2011) |
|||
| term_start = 5 August 1950 |
|||
* Air Force General [[Luís Araújo|Luís Evangelista Esteves Araújo]] (2011–2014) |
|||
| term_end = 6 December 1951 |
|||
* Army General Artur Neves Pina Monteiro (2014–present)<ref>http://eeas.europa.eu/csdp/structures-instruments-agencies/eumc/documents/general-pina-monteiro.pdf</ref> |
|||
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|1950|08|05|1951|12|06}} |
|||
| defence_branch = {{army|Portugal}} |
|||
== References == |
|||
| ref = – |
|||
* RIBEIRO, António S., ''Organização Superior da Defesa Nacional'', Prefácio, 2004 |
|||
}} |
|||
{{reflist}} |
|||
{{Officeholder table |
|||
| order = 2 |
|||
| image = |
|||
| military_rank = [[Rear admiral]] |
|||
| officeholder = {{ill|Manuel Ortins de Bettencourt|pt}} |
|||
| officeholder_sort = de Bettencourt, Manuel Ortins |
|||
| born_year = 1892 |
|||
| died_year = 1969 |
|||
| term_start = 12 December 1951 |
|||
| term_end = 9 February 1955 |
|||
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|1951|12|12|1955|02|09}} |
|||
| defence_branch = {{navy|Portugal}} |
|||
| ref = – |
|||
}} |
|||
{{Officeholder table |
|||
| order = 3 |
|||
| image = |
|||
| military_rank = General |
|||
| officeholder = [[Júlio Botelho Moniz]] |
|||
| officeholder_sort = Moniz, Júlio Botelho |
|||
| born_year = 1900 |
|||
| died_year = 1979 |
|||
| term_start = 3 March 1955 |
|||
| term_end = 13 August 1958 |
|||
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|1955|03|03|1958|08|13}} |
|||
| defence_branch = {{army|Portugal}} |
|||
| ref = – |
|||
}} |
|||
{{Officeholder table |
|||
| order = 4 |
|||
| image = |
|||
| military_rank = General |
|||
| officeholder = [[J. A. Beleza Ferraz|José António da Rocha Beleza Ferraz]] |
|||
| officeholder_sort = Ferraz, José António da Rocha Beleza |
|||
| born_year = 1901 |
|||
| died_year = ? |
|||
| term_start = 22 August 1958 |
|||
| term_end = 12 April 1961 |
|||
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|1958|08|22|1961|04|12}} |
|||
| defence_branch = {{army|Portugal}} |
|||
| ref = – |
|||
}} |
|||
{{Officeholder table |
|||
| order = 5 |
|||
| image = Manuel Gomes de Araujo - GazetaCF 1475 1949.jpg |
|||
| military_rank = General |
|||
| officeholder = {{ill|Manuel Gomes de Araújo|pt}} |
|||
| officeholder_sort = de Araújo, Manuel Gomes |
|||
| born_year = 1897 |
|||
| died_year = 1982 |
|||
| term_start = 13 April 1961 |
|||
| term_end = 3 December 1962 |
|||
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|1961|04|13|1962|12|03}} |
|||
| defence_branch = {{army|Portugal}} |
|||
| ref = – |
|||
}} |
|||
{{Officeholder table |
|||
| order = 6 |
|||
| image = |
|||
| military_rank = General |
|||
| officeholder = {{ill|Venâncio Augusto Deslandes|pt}} |
|||
| officeholder_sort = Deslandes, Venâncio Augusto |
|||
| born_year = 1909 |
|||
| died_year = 1985 |
|||
| term_start = 16 August 1968 |
|||
| term_end = 4 September 1972 |
|||
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|1968|08|16|1972|09|04}} |
|||
| defence_branch = {{air force|Portugal}} |
|||
| ref = – |
|||
}} |
|||
{{Officeholder table |
|||
| order = 7 |
|||
| image = Francisco Costa Gomes Roma 1975.jpg |
|||
| military_rank = General |
|||
| officeholder = [[Francisco da Costa Gomes]] |
|||
| officeholder_sort = Gomes, Francisco da Costa |
|||
| officeholder_note = {{efn|Dismissed because of refusal to swear loyalty to the [[Prime Minister of Portugal|Prime Minister]] [[Marcello Caetano]] in a public ceremony}} |
|||
| born_year = 1914 |
|||
| died_year = 2001 |
|||
| term_start = 5 September 1972 |
|||
| term_end = 13 March 1974 |
|||
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|1972|09|05|1974|03|13}} |
|||
| defence_branch = {{army|Portugal}} |
|||
| ref = – |
|||
}} |
|||
{{Officeholder table |
|||
| order = 8 |
|||
| image = |
|||
| military_rank = General |
|||
| officeholder = {{ill|Joaquim da Luz Cunha|pt}} |
|||
| officeholder_sort = Cunha, Joaquim da Luz |
|||
| officeholder_note = {{efn|Dismissed following the [[Carnation Revolution]]}} |
|||
| born_year = 1914 |
|||
| died_year = ? |
|||
| term_start = 19 March 1974 |
|||
| term_end = 28 April 1974 |
|||
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|1974|03|19|1974|04|28}} |
|||
| defence_branch = {{army|Portugal}} |
|||
| ref = – |
|||
}} |
|||
{{Officeholder table |
|||
| order = (7) |
|||
| image = Francisco Costa Gomes Roma 1975.jpg |
|||
| military_rank = General |
|||
| officeholder = [[Francisco da Costa Gomes]] |
|||
| officeholder_sort = Gomes, Francisco da Costa |
|||
| officeholder_note = {{efn|Simultaneously served as President of the [[National Salvation Junta]] (30 September 1974 – 14 March 1975), [[List of Presidents of Portugal|15th]] [[President of Portugal]] (30 September 1974 – 13 July 1976) and President of the [[Revolutionary Council (Portugal)|Revolutionary Council]] (14 March 1975 – 13 July 1976)}} |
|||
| born_year = 1914 |
|||
| died_year = 2001 |
|||
| term_start = 29 April 1974 |
|||
| term_end = 13 July 1976 |
|||
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|1974|04|29|1976|07|13}} |
|||
| defence_branch = {{army|Portugal}} |
|||
| ref = – |
|||
}} |
|||
{{Officeholder table |
|||
| order = 9 |
|||
| image = António Ramalho Eanes.jpg |
|||
| military_rank = General |
|||
| officeholder = [[António Ramalho Eanes]] |
|||
| officeholder_sort = Eanes, António Ramalho |
|||
| officeholder_note = {{efn|Simultaneously served as [[List of Presidents of Portugal|16th]] [[President of Portugal]] (14 July 1976 – 9 March 1986) and President of the [[Revolutionary Council (Portugal)|Revolutionary Council]] (14 July 1976 – 30 September 1982)}} |
|||
| born_year = 1935 |
|||
| died_year = |
|||
| term_start = 14 July 1976 |
|||
| term_end = 16 February 1981 |
|||
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|1976|07|14|1981|02|16}} |
|||
| defence_branch = {{army|Portugal}} |
|||
| ref = – |
|||
}} |
|||
{{Officeholder table |
|||
| order = 10 |
|||
| image = |
|||
| military_rank = General |
|||
| officeholder = [[Nuno Viriato Tavares de Melo Egídio]] |
|||
| officeholder_sort = de Melo Egídio, Nuno Viriato Tavares |
|||
| born_year = 1922 |
|||
| died_year = 2011 |
|||
| term_start = 17 February 1981 |
|||
| term_end = 18 February 1984 |
|||
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|1981|02|17|1984|02|18}} |
|||
| defence_branch = {{army|Portugal}} |
|||
| ref = – |
|||
}} |
|||
{{Officeholder table |
|||
| order = 11 |
|||
| image = |
|||
| military_rank = General |
|||
| officeholder = {{ill|José Lemos Ferreira|pt}} |
|||
| officeholder_sort = Ferreira, José Lemos |
|||
| born_year = 1929 |
|||
| died_year = 2020 |
|||
| term_start = 1 March 1984 |
|||
| term_end = 8 March 1989 |
|||
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|1984|03|01|1989|03|08}} |
|||
| defence_branch = {{air force|Portugal}} |
|||
| ref = – |
|||
}} |
|||
{{Officeholder table |
|||
| order = 12 |
|||
| image = |
|||
| military_rank = General |
|||
| officeholder = [[António Soares Carneiro]] |
|||
| officeholder_sort = Carneiro, António Soares |
|||
| born_year = 1928 |
|||
| died_year = 2014 |
|||
| term_start = 29 March 1989 |
|||
| term_end = 25 January 1994 |
|||
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|1989|03|29|1994|01|25}} |
|||
| defence_branch = {{army|Portugal}} |
|||
| ref = – |
|||
}} |
|||
{{Officeholder table |
|||
| order = 13 |
|||
| image = |
|||
| military_rank = [[Admiral]] |
|||
| officeholder = {{ill|António Carlos Fuzeta da Ponte|pt}} |
|||
| officeholder_sort = da Ponte, António Carlos Fuzeta |
|||
| born_year = 1935 |
|||
| died_year = |
|||
| term_start = 21 February 1994 |
|||
| term_end = 9 March 1998 |
|||
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|1994|02|21|1998|03|09}} |
|||
| defence_branch = {{navy|Portugal}} |
|||
| ref = – |
|||
}} |
|||
{{Officeholder table |
|||
| order = 14 |
|||
| image = |
|||
| military_rank = General |
|||
| officeholder = {{ill|Gabriel Espírito Santo|pt}} |
|||
| officeholder_sort = Santo, Gabriel Espírito |
|||
| born_year = 1936 |
|||
| died_year = 2014 |
|||
| term_start = 17 March 1998 |
|||
| term_end = 8 August 2000 |
|||
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|1998|03|17|2000|08|08}} |
|||
| defence_branch = {{army|Portugal}} |
|||
| ref = – |
|||
}} |
|||
{{Officeholder table |
|||
| order = 15 |
|||
| image = |
|||
| military_rank = General |
|||
| officeholder = {{ill|Manuel José Alvarenga de Sousa Santos|pt}} |
|||
| officeholder_sort = Santos, Manuel José Alvarenga de Sousa |
|||
| born_year = 1940 |
|||
| died_year = |
|||
| term_start = 12 August 2000 |
|||
| term_end = 23 August 2002 |
|||
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|2000|08|12|2002|08|23}} |
|||
| defence_branch = {{air force|Portugal}} |
|||
| ref = – |
|||
}} |
|||
{{Officeholder table |
|||
| order = 16 |
|||
| image = |
|||
| military_rank = Admiral |
|||
| officeholder = {{ill|José Manuel Garcia Mendes Cabeçadas|pt}} |
|||
| officeholder_sort = Cabeçadas, José Manuel Garcia Mendes |
|||
| born_year = 1943 |
|||
| died_year = |
|||
| term_start = 4 November 2002 |
|||
| term_end = 5 December 2006 |
|||
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|2002|11|04|2006|12|05}} |
|||
| defence_branch = {{navy|Portugal}} |
|||
| ref = – |
|||
}} |
|||
{{Officeholder table |
|||
| order = 17 |
|||
| image = |
|||
| military_rank = General |
|||
| officeholder = {{ill|Luís Valença Pinto|pt|Luís Vasco Valença Pinto}} |
|||
| officeholder_sort = Pinto, Luís Valença |
|||
| born_year = 1946 |
|||
| died_year = |
|||
| term_start = 5 December 2006 |
|||
| term_end = 4 February 2011 |
|||
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|2006|12|05|2011|02|04}} |
|||
| defence_branch = {{army|Portugal}} |
|||
| ref = – |
|||
}} |
|||
{{Officeholder table |
|||
| order = 18 |
|||
| image = Luisaraujo.jpg |
|||
| military_rank = General |
|||
| officeholder = [[Luís Araújo|Luís Evangelista Esteves Araújo]] |
|||
| officeholder_sort = Araújo, Luís Evangelista Esteves |
|||
| born_year = 1949 |
|||
| died_year = 2023 |
|||
| term_start = 7 February 2011 |
|||
| term_end = 7 February 2014 |
|||
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|2011|02|07|2014|02|07}} |
|||
| defence_branch = {{air force|Portugal}} |
|||
| ref = – |
|||
}} |
|||
{{Officeholder table |
|||
| order = 19 |
|||
| image = |
|||
| military_rank = General |
|||
| officeholder = {{ill|Artur Neves Pina Monteiro|pt}} |
|||
| officeholder_sort = Monteiro, Artur Neves Pina |
|||
| born_year = 1952 |
|||
| died_year = |
|||
| term_start = 7 February 2014 |
|||
| term_end = 1 March 2018 |
|||
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|2014|02|07|2018|03|01}} |
|||
| defence_branch = {{army|Portugal}} |
|||
| ref = – |
|||
}} |
|||
{{Officeholder table |
|||
| order = 20 |
|||
| image = Rear Adm. Antonio Silva Ribeiro, Deputy Vice Chief of the Portuguese Naval Staff, Portuguese Navy (5222172280) (cropped).jpg |
|||
| military_rank = Admiral |
|||
| officeholder = [[António da Silva Ribeiro]] |
|||
| officeholder_sort = Ribeiro, António da Silva |
|||
| born_year = 1957 |
|||
| died_year = |
|||
| term_start = 1 March 2018 |
|||
| term_end = 1 March 2023 |
|||
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|2018|03|01|2023|03|01}} |
|||
| defence_branch = {{navy|Portugal}} |
|||
| ref = – |
|||
}} |
|||
{{Officeholder table |
|||
| order = 21 |
|||
| image = |
|||
| military_rank = General |
|||
| officeholder = {{ill|José Nunes da Fonseca|pt}} |
|||
| officeholder_sort = da Fonseca, José Nunes |
|||
| born_year = 1961 |
|||
| died_year = |
|||
| term_start = 1 March 2023 |
|||
| term_end = Incumbent |
|||
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|2023|03|01}} |
|||
| defence_branch = {{army|Portugal}} |
|||
| ref = – |
|||
}} |
|||
{{Officeholder table end}} |
|||
== See also == |
== See also == |
||
Line 94: | Line 389: | ||
* [[Portuguese Air Force]] |
* [[Portuguese Air Force]] |
||
* [[Portuguese Navy]] |
* [[Portuguese Navy]] |
||
* [[ |
* [[National Republican Guard (Portugal)]] |
||
== Notes == |
|||
{{notelist}} |
|||
== References == |
|||
* RIBEIRO, António S., ''Organização Superior da Defesa Nacional'', Prefácio, 2004 |
|||
{{reflist}} |
|||
== External links == |
|||
* [http://www.emgfa.pt Armed Forces General Staff – Official Site] |
|||
{{Military of Portugal}} |
{{Military of Portugal}} |
||
{{Chief of military by country}} |
|||
{{Authority control}} |
|||
[[Category:Military of Portugal]] |
|||
[[Category:Staff (military)]] |
[[Category:Staff (military)]] |
||
[[Category: |
[[Category:Chiefs of defence|Portugal]] |
||
[[Category:1950 establishments in Portugal]] |
|||
[[Category:Military of Portugal]] |
Latest revision as of 13:39, 14 March 2024
Armed Forces General Staff | |
---|---|
Estado-Maior-General das Forças Armadas | |
![]() Military Standard of Portugal | |
Active | 1950–1974 (SGDN); 1974–present (EMGFA) |
Country | Portugal |
Branch | Armed forces |
Type | Military staff |
Part of | Portuguese Armed Forces |
Headquarters | Lisbon |
Motto(s) | Que quem quis sempre pôde ("Who wills aye finds a way", from The Lusiads, Canto IX, 95, v. 6) |
Engagements | Annexation of Goa Portuguese Colonial War IFOR SFOR EUFOR KFOR Afghanistan War Peacekeaping missions Angola Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia North Macedonia Western Sahara Georgia Lebanon |
Website | www |
Commanders | |
Current Chief | General José Nunes da Fonseca |
Insignia | |
Abbreviation | EMGFA |
The Armed Forces General Staff (Portuguese: Estado-Maior-General das Forças Armadas), or EMGFA, is the supreme military body of Portugal. It is responsible for the planning, command and control of the Portuguese Armed Forces.
EMGFA is headed by the Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces (Portuguese: Chefe do Estado-Maior-General das Forças Armadas) or CEMGFA, the highest rank of general in the Portuguese Armed Forces.
History
[edit]In 1950, as part of the Portuguese military reforms related with the lessons learned following World War II, the start of the Cold War and the foundation of NATO, the roles of minister of National Defence and of Chief of the Armed Forces General Staff (CEMGFA) were created. The creation of these roles was a major step in the planned integration of the several military service branches and so the establishment of the Armed Forces of Portugal as a single organization. The CEMGFA assumed most of the responsibilities until then assigned to the military heads of the Navy and of the Army, the then existing service branches, as the Air Force would only be created in 1952.
At the same time and as a forerunner of a future General Staff, the Secretariat-General of National Defence (Portuguese: Secretariado-Geral da Defesa Nacional) or SGDN was established. The SGDN was the central planning organization of the Defence, being headed by the CEMGFA.
In 1969, it was decreed that SGDN should be remodelled in order to be transformed into the Armed Forces General Staff (EMGFA), as the organization for the joint administration of the Armed Forces. However, transformation of the SGDN into the EMGFA occurred only in 1974.
Organization
[edit]The Armed Forces General Staff is integrated into the Portuguese Ministry of National Defence and includes:
- The Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces (CEMGFA)
- The Joint Staff (EMC, Estado-Maior Conjunto)
- The Joint Operational Command (COC, Comando Operacional Conjunto)
- The operational commands of the Azores and Madeira
- The commanders-in-chief that can be created under the CEMGFA, in times of war
- The Military Security and Information Center (CISMIL, Centro de Informações e Segurança Militares)
- The general support organizations
Under the dependency of the CEMGFA are also:
- The Portuguese Joint Command and Staff College (IESM, Instituto de Estudos Superiores Militares)
- The Hospital of the Armed Forces (HFAR, Hospital das Forças Armadas)
Chief of the General Staff
[edit]The Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces is the operational commander of the Portuguese Armed Forces in times of peace. In times of war, he assumes the complete command of the Armed Forces. The CEMGFA is a general officer of one of the three branches of the Armed Forces (Army, Navy and Air Force), appointed by the President of Portugal, by proposal of the Government of Portugal.
List of chiefs of the General Staff
[edit]No. | Portrait | Chief | Took office | Left office | Time in office | Defence branch | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | General Aníbal César Valdez de Passos e Sousa (1884–1954) | 5 August 1950 | 6 December 1951 | 1 year, 123 days | ![]() | – | |
2 | Rear admiral Manuel Ortins de Bettencourt (1892–1969) | 12 December 1951 | 9 February 1955 | 3 years, 59 days | ![]() | – | |
3 | Júlio Botelho Moniz (1900–1979) | General3 March 1955 | 13 August 1958 | 3 years, 163 days | ![]() | – | |
4 | José António da Rocha Beleza Ferraz (1901–?) | General22 August 1958 | 12 April 1961 | 2 years, 233 days | ![]() | – | |
5 | Manuel Gomes de Araújo (1897–1982) | General13 April 1961 | 3 December 1962 | 1 year, 234 days | ![]() | – | |
6 | Venâncio Augusto Deslandes (1909–1985) | General16 August 1968 | 4 September 1972 | 4 years, 19 days | ![]() | – | |
7 | Francisco da Costa Gomes (1914–2001) [a] | General5 September 1972 | 13 March 1974 | 1 year, 189 days | ![]() | – | |
8 | Joaquim da Luz Cunha (1914–?) [b] | General19 March 1974 | 28 April 1974 | 40 days | ![]() | – | |
(7) | Francisco da Costa Gomes (1914–2001) [c] | General29 April 1974 | 13 July 1976 | 2 years, 75 days | ![]() | – | |
9 | António Ramalho Eanes (born 1935) [d] | General14 July 1976 | 16 February 1981 | 4 years, 217 days | ![]() | – | |
10 | Nuno Viriato Tavares de Melo Egídio (1922–2011) | General17 February 1981 | 18 February 1984 | 3 years, 1 day | ![]() | – | |
11 | José Lemos Ferreira (1929–2020) | General1 March 1984 | 8 March 1989 | 5 years, 7 days | ![]() | – | |
12 | António Soares Carneiro (1928–2014) | General29 March 1989 | 25 January 1994 | 4 years, 302 days | ![]() | – | |
13 | Admiral António Carlos Fuzeta da Ponte (born 1935) | 21 February 1994 | 9 March 1998 | 4 years, 16 days | ![]() | – | |
14 | Gabriel Espírito Santo (1936–2014) | General17 March 1998 | 8 August 2000 | 2 years, 144 days | ![]() | – | |
15 | Manuel José Alvarenga de Sousa Santos (born 1940) | General12 August 2000 | 23 August 2002 | 2 years, 11 days | ![]() | – | |
16 | José Manuel Garcia Mendes Cabeçadas (born 1943) | Admiral4 November 2002 | 5 December 2006 | 4 years, 31 days | ![]() | – | |
17 | Luís Valença Pinto (born 1946) | General5 December 2006 | 4 February 2011 | 4 years, 61 days | ![]() | – | |
18 | Luís Evangelista Esteves Araújo (1949–2023) | General7 February 2011 | 7 February 2014 | 3 years, 0 days | ![]() | – | |
19 | Artur Neves Pina Monteiro (born 1952) | General7 February 2014 | 1 March 2018 | 4 years, 22 days | ![]() | – | |
20 | António da Silva Ribeiro (born 1957) | Admiral1 March 2018 | 1 March 2023 | 5 years, 0 days | ![]() | – | |
21 | José Nunes da Fonseca (born 1961) | General1 March 2023 | Incumbent | 1 year, 184 days | ![]() | – |
See also
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ Dismissed because of refusal to swear loyalty to the Prime Minister Marcello Caetano in a public ceremony
- ^ Dismissed following the Carnation Revolution
- ^ Simultaneously served as President of the National Salvation Junta (30 September 1974 – 14 March 1975), 15th President of Portugal (30 September 1974 – 13 July 1976) and President of the Revolutionary Council (14 March 1975 – 13 July 1976)
- ^ Simultaneously served as 16th President of Portugal (14 July 1976 – 9 March 1986) and President of the Revolutionary Council (14 July 1976 – 30 September 1982)
References
[edit]- RIBEIRO, António S., Organização Superior da Defesa Nacional, Prefácio, 2004