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Bowser has a son, [[Bowser Jr.]], who helps his father kidnap Princess Peach. Bowser Jr.'s mother is unknown, as Bowser isn't officially confirmed as having a previous marriage yet. Originally in ''[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]'', Bowser was stated to be the father of the [[Koopalings]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nintendo.co.jp/clv/manuals/ja/pdf/CLV-P-HAACJ.pdf |title=Original Japanese manual of ''Super Mario Bros. 3''. |publisher= Nintendo Co., Ltd. |access-date=December 23, 2016}}</ref> with subsequent official sources adding that he was their biological father,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nintendo.co.uk/Games/NES/Super-Mario-Bros-3-279558.html |title=''Super Mario Bros. 3'' page on Nintendo UK's site. |publisher= Nintendo UK |access-date=December 23, 2016}}</ref><ref>"''Bowser, King of the Koopas, and his evil offspring have invaded yet another kingdom. The Koopalings have seized the Kingdom's precious crystals. It's up to you, armed with your trusty Nintendo Scope, to ride Yoshi to the rescue!''", back of the box of the North American and PAL versions of ''[[Yoshi's Safari]]''.</ref> but since their return in ''[[New Super Mario Bros. Wii]]'' they have been referred to as ''Bowser's minions''. In a 2012 interview, Shigeru Miyamoto stated, "Our current story is that the seven Koopalings are not Bowser's children. Bowser's only child is Bowser Jr., and we do not know who the mother is."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gameinformer.com/b/features/archive/2012/09/24/miyamoto-tezuka-interview.aspx |title=Mario's Creators Answer Burning Questions About The Series |publisher=Game Informer |access-date=December 24, 2016 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130123161706/http://www.gameinformer.com/b/features/archive/2012/09/24/miyamoto-tezuka-interview.aspx |archive-date=January 23, 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
Bowser has a son, [[Bowser Jr.]], who helps his father kidnap Princess Peach. Bowser Jr.'s mother is unknown, as Bowser isn't officially confirmed as having a previous marriage yet. Originally in ''[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]'', Bowser was stated to be the father of the [[Koopalings]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nintendo.co.jp/clv/manuals/ja/pdf/CLV-P-HAACJ.pdf |title=Original Japanese manual of ''Super Mario Bros. 3''. |publisher= Nintendo Co., Ltd. |access-date=December 23, 2016}}</ref> with subsequent official sources adding that he was their biological father,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nintendo.co.uk/Games/NES/Super-Mario-Bros-3-279558.html |title=''Super Mario Bros. 3'' page on Nintendo UK's site. |publisher= Nintendo UK |access-date=December 23, 2016}}</ref><ref>"''Bowser, King of the Koopas, and his evil offspring have invaded yet another kingdom. The Koopalings have seized the Kingdom's precious crystals. It's up to you, armed with your trusty Nintendo Scope, to ride Yoshi to the rescue!''", back of the box of the North American and PAL versions of ''[[Yoshi's Safari]]''.</ref> but since their return in ''[[New Super Mario Bros. Wii]]'' they have been referred to as ''Bowser's minions''. In a 2012 interview, Shigeru Miyamoto stated, "Our current story is that the seven Koopalings are not Bowser's children. Bowser's only child is Bowser Jr., and we do not know who the mother is."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gameinformer.com/b/features/archive/2012/09/24/miyamoto-tezuka-interview.aspx |title=Mario's Creators Answer Burning Questions About The Series |publisher=Game Informer |access-date=December 24, 2016 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130123161706/http://www.gameinformer.com/b/features/archive/2012/09/24/miyamoto-tezuka-interview.aspx |archive-date=January 23, 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref>


== Appearances and evolution ==
== Appearances ==
===In ''Super Mario'' series===
{{multiple image
{{multiple image
| footer = ''[[Super Mario Bros.]]'' featured Bowser's first video game appearance as a villain in the final stage. ''(left)''. Afterward, [[Shigeru Miyamoto|Miyamoto]] and [[Takashi Tezuka|Tezuka]] began to collaborate on Bowser's appearance. Because the character was the commander of the turtle-like Koopa Troopas, the two decided to create a new image based on him. Miyamoto said in his final design that he could make Bowser "look cool today".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://medium.com/gaminglinkmedia/how-was-bowser-created-547b32ac8479|title=King Bowser Koopa I of the Koopa Kingdom, Origin — Character Design|first=Ryan|last=Velasco|date=July 5, 2019}}</ref>
| footer = ''[[Super Mario Bros.]]'' featured Bowser's first video game appearance as a villain in the final stage. ''(left)''. Afterward, [[Shigeru Miyamoto|Miyamoto]] and [[Takashi Tezuka|Tezuka]] began to collaborate on Bowser's appearance. Because the character was the commander of the turtle-like Koopa Troopas, the two decided to create a new image based on him. Miyamoto said in his final design that he could make Bowser "look cool today".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://medium.com/gaminglinkmedia/how-was-bowser-created-547b32ac8479|title=King Bowser Koopa I of the Koopa Kingdom, Origin — Character Design|first=Ryan|last=Velasco|date=July 5, 2019}}</ref>
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}}
}}
Bowser makes his debut appearance in a video game in ''[[Super Mario Bros]]''.<ref name="auto4">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2010/09/14/ign-presents-the-history-of-super-mario-bros|title=IGN Presents: The History of Super Mario Bros. - IGN|first=Rus McLaughlinUpdated: 18 Sep 2015 1:15 amPosted: 14 Sep 2010 12:00|last=am|via=www.ign.com}}</ref> He then appeared through all ''[[Super Mario]]'' series, ''[[Paper Mario]]'' series, ''Yoshi'' series and' 'Mario and ''Luigi'' series.
Bowser makes his debut appearance in a video game in ''[[Super Mario Bros]]''.<ref name="auto4">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2010/09/14/ign-presents-the-history-of-super-mario-bros|title=IGN Presents: The History of Super Mario Bros. - IGN|first=Rus McLaughlinUpdated: 18 Sep 2015 1:15 amPosted: 14 Sep 2010 12:00|last=am|via=www.ign.com}}</ref> He then appeared through all ''[[Super Mario]]'' series, ''[[Paper Mario]]'' series, ''Yoshi'' series and' 'Mario and ''Luigi'' series.

=== In ''Yoshi'' series ===
Bowser makes his first debut in-universe appearance as Baby Bowser in ''[[Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island]]''. He is seen to have powers similar to those he possesses as an adult at this age.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://screenrant.com/nintendo-characters-major-transformation-changes/|title=10 Ways Nintendo Characters Have Changed Drastically Over The Years|date=September 9, 2021|website=ScreenRant}}</ref>

Bowser is one of the four playable characters in ''[[Yoshi's Cookie]]''{{'}}s vs mode. His attack is the strongest of the four, but his other attributes are ordinary.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nintendolife.com/reviews/vc/yoshis_cookie_nes|title=Review: Yoshi's Cookie (Wii Virtual Console / NES)|first=Nintendo|last=Life|date=April 5, 2008|website=Nintendo Life}}</ref>

In ''[[Yoshi's Story]]'', Baby Bowser steals the Super Happy Tree from the Yoshis and transforms Yoshi's Island into a pop-up book, but is vanquished once more by a baby Yoshi. Both episodes rapidly establish the young Bowser as a self-centered individual who lacks empathy.<ref name=EGM104>{{cite magazine |first=John |last=Ricciardi |title=Yoshi's Story: Yoshi Strikes Back |magazine=[[Electronic Gaming Monthly]] |publisher=Ziff Davis |issue=104 |date=March 1998 |pages=78-82}}</ref>

In ''[[Yoshi Topsy-Turvy]]'', Bowser and his minions attack the island. A spirit named Hongo attempts to contain Bowser and his army by using his magic to place the entire island inside the Forbidden Pop-Up Book, mirroring what Bowser did to Yoshi's Island as a baby. After Yoshi satisfies each of the six spirits of Yoshi's Island, the spirits allow Yoshi to confront Bowser. The first part of the battle takes place on a platform. Bowser attacks Yoshi by breathing fire at him while bombs fall from the sky. Bowser is damaged if he walks into the bombs. He flies into the air and lands, causing two Shy Guys to fall onto the platform.<ref name="auto3">{{Cite web|url=https://screenrant.com/nintendo-best-yoshi-games-metacritic-scores/|title=Nintendo: 9 Best Yoshi Games, Ranked (According To Metacritic)|date=September 8, 2021|website=ScreenRant}}</ref>

Bowser journeys to the past in ''[[Yoshi's Island DS]]'' in search of the star children, who are thought to possess the strength he needs to conquer the universe. Baby Mario, Baby Luigi, Baby Peach, Baby Donkey Kong, Baby Wario, and even Baby Bowser are among the many children he kidnaps or attempts to kidnap. Bowser from the future uses a scepter to bring him back to the past and invades Baby Bowser's Castle. Bowser later kicks Baby Bowser out of the castle when he insults him.<ref name="auto3"/>

Bowser makes a surprising appearance as the genuine last boss in ''[[Yoshi's New Island]]''. Bowser assaults Yoshi and Baby Mario after Kamek defeats Baby Bowser and whisks him away, before the two can save Baby Luigi and the Stork by warping through space and time. In his fight, he jumps around and breathes fireballs. After Bowser jumps higher than his previous two jumps, Metal Guys appear, letting Yoshi to survive the otherwise ever-shrinking space in which he can walk, which Yoshi may convert into a Metal Eggdozer to hit Bowser.<ref name="auto3"/>

In ''[[Yoshi's Safari]]'', Bowser and the Koopalings take over the kingdom of Jewelry Land, abduct King Fret and Prince Pine and stealing twelve precious jewels. This causes a disruption, resulting in an earthquake that splits Jewelry Land into the Light and Dark Realms. Mario and Yoshi ride to Jewelry Land, armed with the Super Scope Princess Peach bestows on them in order to battle Bowser.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sea.ign.com/mario/146879/feature/remembering-the-first-and-only-mario-fps|title=Remembering the First and Only Mario FPS|date=March 13, 2019|website=IGN Southeast Asia}}</ref>

=== In ''Paper Mario'' series ===
Bowser made his first appearance in ''[[Paper Mario]]'' series. Bowser and his henchman Kammy Koopa invade Star Haven during the events of ''[[Paper Mario (video game)|Paper Mario]]'' and take the Star Rod, which grants the user any wish. Bowser uses this device to encase the seven Star Spirits in cards, which he then places under the protection of seven of his minions. Bowser utilizes his flying fortress the next day to hoist Peach's Castle into the sky. Bowser uses the Star Rod to make himself invincible during their fight, as Mario tries to stop him.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010216055540/http://www.game-revolution.com/games/n64/rpg/paper_mario.htm|title=Paper Mario - N64 Review - Game Revolution|date=February 16, 2001|website=web.archive.org}}</ref>

Bowser also makes an appearance in ''[[Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door]]'' as a minor antagonist. Kammy Koopa summons Bowser in this game to inform him that Mario is attempting to locate the Crystal Stars. Bowser decides to track them down on his own since he thinks they're "excellent world-conquering instruments." She also claims that Princess Peach has been kidnapped by someone else, which he has just learned, so he sets off to discover and capture her himself.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gamespot.com/reviews/paper-mario-the-thousand-year-door-review/1900-6110235/|title=Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door Review}}</ref>

In ''[[Super Paper Mario]]'', Bowser is a playable character who joins forces with Mario. Mario is one of four heroes tasked with preventing the annihilation of all dimensions. Mario and Luigi learn of Princess Peach's kidnapping from Toad in the game's opening sequence, and they rush to Bowser's Castle, believing he is the offender. When they accuse him of this, he is taken aback because he is still planning to kidnap Peach at the time.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2007/04/05/super-paper-mario-review|title=Super Paper Mario Review - IGN|first=Matt CasamassinaUpdated: 15 May 2012 11:01 amPosted: 5 Apr 2007 4:29|last=pm|via=www.ign.com}}</ref>

Bowser is the main opponent in ''[[Paper Mario: Sticker Star]]''. Bowser invades Decalburg on the night of the Sticker Fest to take the Sticker Comet for himself at the start of the game. As he approaches the comet, numerous Toads attempt to pull him away, but they lose their grip, sending Bowser flying into the comet; his striking the star causes it to shatter into several fragments, which are scattered around the Mushroom Kingdom. One of the split Royal Stickers lands on Bowser's head, boosting his strength. Bowser is able to overcome Mario and kidnap Peach despite Mario's appearance on stage.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.outcyders.net/news/paper-mario-sticker-star-first-look-preview|title=Paper Mario: Sticker Star - First Look Preview &#124; Outcyders|first=Sarah|last=Morris|website=www.outcyders.net}}</ref>

Bowser is the main antagonist in ''[[Paper Mario: Color Splash]]''. He's covered in black paint, which has changed his appearance to the point that he has red eyes with yellow sclera. It's also implied that he was possessed by the paint.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.polygon.com/2016/10/14/13289136/paper-mario-color-splash-review-wii-u|title=Paper Mario: Color Splash review|first=Caty|last=McCarthy|date=October 14, 2016}}</ref>

=== In ''Mario & Luigi'' series ===
Bowser plays an important role in the new Minion Quest: The Search for Bowser mode in the Nintendo 3DS ''[[Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga]]''{{'}}s remake ''Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga Plus Bowser's Minions'', in addition to appearing in the main story mode with the same role as in the original game. Captain Goomba leads a squad of Bowser's minions into the Beanbean Kingdom with the goal of reconnecting with Bowser and releasing other minions from Fawful's brainwashing.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.thegamer.com/every-mario-luigi-game-rpg-ranked/|title=Mario & Luigi: Every Game Ranked|date=September 11, 2021|website=TheGamer}}</ref>

Bowser initially appears in ''[[Mario & Luigi: Partners in Time]]'', shortly after Princess Peach is rescued. When Mario and Luigi appear in Peach's room, he is preparing to abduct the princess. As they prepare to fight, a piece of the Shroob Mushroom that had been covering her face flies onto Bowser's face, which he consumes, prompting him to vomit a gas that knocks Mario and Luigi out.<ref name="auto"/>

[[File:Bowser in Bowser's Inside Story.png|right|thumb|Bowser appears as a playable character in the ''[[Mario & Luigi]]'' series, in ''[[Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story]]''.]]
Bowser is the main protagonist in the third Mario & Luigi game, ''[[Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story]]''. His playability is a major story point, and is alluded to by the game's title; much of Mario and Luigi's side of the plot takes place inside Bowser's body. Bowser attempts to kidnap Peach once more, at a conference about the "blorbs" disease that has infected the Mushroom Kingdom; after Mario prevents this kidnapping, Princess Peach and Starlow throw Bowser to a region called Dimble Woods, thus setting into motion the plot of the game.<ref name="auto"/> In a mode ''Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story + Bowser Jr.'s Journey'', he plays a similar function, with the added implication that he mistakenly freed Beef when he set off the Bob-omb storage depot owing to physically "burning off fat" previously. In the optional game mode Bowser Jr.'s Journey, he has Kamek and the Koopalings look after Bowser Jr.<ref name="auto"/>

Bowser is a secondary adversary in ''[[Mario & Luigi: Dream Team]]'' who eventually becomes the true main antagonist. He makes an alliance with Antasma, the other main enemy, unlike in previous RPG titles. He appears three times in the game: initially with Antasma boosting his power, then as the last large boss, and finally as Dreamy Bowser, the last boss.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thegamer.com/super-mario-bros-luigi-bowser-hero-moments/|title=Super Mario Bros.: 5 Times Luigi Saved The Day (& 5 Times Bowser Did)|date=October 27, 2020|website=TheGamer}}</ref>

Bowser is one of two main enemies in ''[[Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam]]'', the other being his paper counterpart.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theverge.com/2016/2/12/10972838/mario-and-luigi-paper-jam-interview|title=How Super Mario became an unlikely RPG star|first=Andrew|last=Webster|date=February 12, 2016|website=The Verge}}</ref>

===Other ''Super Mario'' games===
Bowser has appeared in nearly all of the ''Mario'' spin-off games, including in ''[[Mario Kart]]'' series,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nintendolife.com/news/2021/05/random_nintendos_doug_bowser_introduces_his_parents_to_mario_kart_8_on_switch|title=Random: Nintendo's Doug Bowser Introduces His Parents To Mario Kart 8 On Switch|first=Nintendo|last=Life|date=May 16, 2021|website=Nintendo Life}}</ref> and every ''[[Mario Party]]'' game to date as a playable character except ''Mario Party 5 to 9''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kotaku.com.au/2021/09/mario-party-characters-ranked/|title=Ranking Every Mario Party Character From Shit To Lit|date=September 22, 2021|website=Kotaku Australia}}</ref> Bowser have also made appearances in multiple ''Mario'' sports games, such as ''[[Mario Tennis]]'',<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nintendolife.com/news/2019/05/dry_bowser_confirmed_to_be_joining_mario_tennis_aces_in_july|title=Dry Bowser Confirmed To Be Joining Mario Tennis Aces In July|first=Nintendo|last=Life|date=May 30, 2019|website=Nintendo Life}}</ref> ''[[Mario Golf (video game)|Mario Golf]]'',<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://slate.com/culture/2021/06/mario-golf-super-rush-review-nintendo-switch.html|title=The New Mario Golf Game, According to an Actual Golfer|first=Jim|last=Newell|date=June 29, 2021|website=Slate Magazine}}</ref> ''[[Super Mario Strikers]]'',<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cube.gamespy.com/gamecube/super-mario-strikers/673802p1.html|title=GameSpy: Super Mario Strikers - Page 1|website=cube.gamespy.com}}</ref> and ''[[Mario & Sonic at the Olympic Games]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://screenrant.com/super-mario-video-games-movie-should-adapt/|title=10 Mario Games The Movie Could Adapt|date=October 3, 2021|website=ScreenRant}}</ref>

In ''[[Mario's Time Machine]]'', Bowser uses a time machine known as the Timulator to steal valuable artifacts from Earth's past, then places them in his own personal museum. He plans to destroy the Timulator after he is done, which would drastically alter the present. The player must take back Bowser's stolen artifacts and use the Timulator to return them to their proper places, saving the time stream.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141114134134/http://www.allgame.com/game.php?id=12507&tab=review|title=Mario's Time Machine - Review - allgame|date=November 14, 2014|website=web.archive.org}}</ref> Bowser and the Koopalings transform the Mushroom Kingdom into their own personal hotel chain in ''[[Hotel Mario]]'', with Princess Toadstool staying in one of the seven Koopa hotels as a "permanent guest." Bowser arrives at the Mushroom Kingdom's entrance after the Mario Bros. enter and chuckles ominously at the start of the game. Mario and Luigi subsequently find a note from Bowser describing the situation, and they start off to find the princess.<ref name="instructions3">{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/HotelMarioUSAManual|title=Hotel Mario instruction book|publisher=Philips Interactive Media|year=1994|pages=2–16|id=PP0260 GA}}</ref>

Bowser appears as the final boss of ''[[Mario Pinball Land]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gamerant.com/forgotten-obscure-nintendo-games/|title=10 First-Party Nintendo Games Everyone Forgot About|date=August 10, 2021|website=Game Rant}}</ref> Bowser also appears as a playable character in the game ''[[Itadaki Street]]'' DS. In the game, the player can also unlock customization options for their character; the accessories based upon Bowser include a Bowser Cap and a Bowser Suit. By default, Bowser when controlled by a computer is an A-rank character.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://wegotthiscovered.com/gaming/invest-fortune-street-today/|title=Invest In Fortune Street Today|first=Chad|last=Goodmurphy|date=December 5, 2011}}</ref> Bowser is also a Dark attribute character who appears as the main opponent in ''[[Puzzle & Dragons: Super Mario Bros. Edition]]'' as the boss of World 8. After defeating Bowser in World 8, you can use him as a Helper.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/comic-riffs/wp/2015/06/09/puzzles-dragons-z-super-mario-bros-edition-struggles-to-make-free-to-play-games-worth-a-higher-price-of-admission/</ref>

Bowser joins Mario as an ally in ''[[Super Mario RPG: Legend of the Seven Stars]]'', marking the first time the two have worked together. Bowser, in his Koopa Clown Car, flies to Mario's Pad at the start of the Super Mario RPG to kidnap Princess Toadstool and return her to his stronghold. Mario, on the other hand, is hot on Toadstool's tail after hearing him scream. In the throne area, Bowser and Mario face each other atop a pair of chandeliers.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080903163233/http://wii.ign.com/articles/906/906945p1.html|title=IGN: Super Mario RPG: Legend of the Seven Stars [Virtual Console] Review|date=September 3, 2008|website=web.archive.org}}</ref>

In ''[[Mario + Rabbids Kingdom Battle]]'', Bowser makes a cameo. In this game, he spends the most of the time on vacation, leaving Bowser Jr. to head the Koopa Troop in his absence (although Bowser does call his son at one point asking if he has done his homework and assures that Junior is not throwing a party). Due to Spawny's actions, the Rabbids are taken to the Mushroom Kingdom while Bowser is away.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170710014431/https://blog.ubi.com/mario-rabbids-kingdom-battle-coming-nintendo-switch-august-29-e3-2017/|title=Mario + Rabbids Kingdom Battle Coming to Nintendo Switch on August 29 - E3 2017 - UbiBlog - Ubisoft®|date=July 10, 2017|website=web.archive.org}}</ref> He also reappears in the sequel ''[[Mario + Rabbids Sparks of Hope]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imore.com/mario-rabbids-sparks-hope-revealed|title=Mario + Rabbids Sparks of Hope leaked ahead of main reveal|date=June 12, 2021|website=iMore}}</ref>

===In other media===
[[File:King Koopa Super Show.png|thumb|right|As shown in ''[[The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!]]'', Bowser is known as King Koopa.]]
Outside of ''Super Mario'' series. Bowser appears as a playable character in every installment of the ''[[Super Smash Bros.]]'' series.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.usgamer.net/articles/10-12-2018-super-smash-bros-ultimate-characters-moves-type-every-character-on-the-super-smash-bros-ultimate-roster/super-smash-bros-ultimate-bowser|title=Super Smash Bros Ultimate Character - Every Fighter in Smash Bros Ultimate|first=Jake|last=Green|date=January 17, 2020}}</ref> Bowser can be found in ''[[Tetris Attack]]'', a game inspired by the Japanese Panel de Pon. All of the original cast members are replaced, with the exception of Mr. Time, with characters from the Mario and Yoshi series, with Bowser taking on the role of Corderia as the game's final boss.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thegamer.com/weirdest-nintendo-spin-off-games/|title=10 Bizarre Nintendo Spin-Offs You've Probably Never Heard Of|date=October 2, 2020|website=TheGamer}}</ref> Under the name Hammer Slam Bowser, Bowser debuts as a playable character in ''[[Skylanders: SuperChargers]]''. He appears alongside ''[[Donkey Kong (character)|Donkey Kong]]'' and comes with a Skylanders: Skylanders unique figurine.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20150616005598/en/Skylanders%C2%AE-SuperChargers-Introduces-Donkey-Kong%E2%84%A2-and-Bowser%E2%84%A2-as-Skylanders-Guest-Stars|title=Skylanders® SuperChargers Introduces Donkey Kong™ and Bowser™ as Skylanders Guest Stars|date=June 16, 2015|website=www.businesswire.com}}</ref> Bowser also appears as a playable character in ''[[Dr. Mario World]]'' under the name Dr. Bowser.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.polygon.com/22597816/dr-mario-world-mobile-game-ios-android-shutting-down-nintendo|title=Nintendo gives Dr. Mario mobile game just 3 months to live|first=Michael|last=McWhertor|date=July 28, 2021}}</ref>

Bowser is one of the gaming villains attending a "Bad-Anon" support group in the 2012 animated film ''[[Wreck-It Ralph]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cinemablend.com/new/wreck-it-ralph-footage-from-d23-features-8-bit-action-plenty-of-cameos-26349.html |title=Wreck-It Ralph Footage From D23 Features 8-Bit Action, Plenty Of Cameos |website=CinemaBlend.com |date=2011-08-21 |access-date=2012-09-05}}</ref>

[[Dennis Hopper]] portrays President Koopa, a human character based on Bowser, in the 1993 live-action film [[Super Mario Bros. (film)|''Super Mario Bros.'']]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Noel |date=December 12, 2008 |title=Random Roles: Dennis Hopper |url=https://www.avclub.com/articles/random-roles-dennis-hopper,2549/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131016075047/http://www.avclub.com/articles/random-roles-dennis-hopper,2549/ |archive-date=October 16, 2013 |access-date=April 16, 2020 |website=[[The A.V. Club]] |publisher=[[The Onion]]}}</ref> In the film, Koopa is the usurper ruler of Dinohattan, a city in a [[Parallel universes in fiction|parallel universe]] in which humans evolved from dinosaurs. He captures [[Princess Daisy]] but is eventually defeated by Mario and Luigi.

Bowser plans to overtake the Mushroom Kingdom with copies made of sand using Iggy's latest invention, a cloning machine known as the GLOM, in ''[[Nintendo gamebooks]]''. Bowser brags about his scheme after meeting Mario in his Koopahari Desert Fortress, but he swiftly loses Mario. Mario notices Bowser, Iggy, and Wendy limping away after digging themselves out of the wreckage after Mario forces Fort Koopa to collapse by having the GLOM overload and blow up.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gamesasylum.com/2013/10/22/nintendo-adventure-books-probably-not-due-a-revival/|title=Nintendo Adventure Books: probably not due a revival|first1=Jake Jake has been here since the|last1=beginning|first2=With Hundreds of|last2=Reviews|first3=countless other guff to his name These|last3=days|first4=Not so|last4=Consistent}}</ref> Bowser appears as the primary antagonist in Nintendo Power's comic series ''[[Super Mario Adventures]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.superluigibros.com/mario-v-wario-comic-issue-2|title=Super Luigi Bros - Mario vs. Wario Comic Issue. 2 from Nintendo Power Magazine Vol. 56|website=www.superluigibros.com}}</ref> Bowser, originally known as King Koopa, reappears in the Mario comics of Valiant Comics' ''[[Nintendo Comics System]]'' as the principal antagonist of the Mushroom Kingdom, which he continues to strive to destabilize.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2018/12/comic-video-game-crossover-history/|title=Drawn together: The love affair between comics and games|first=Ars|last=Staff|date=December 24, 2018|website=Ars Technica}}</ref>

Bowser will be voiced by [[Jack Black]] in the [[Untitled Mario film|upcoming 2022 film adaptation]].<ref name="2022 film">{{cite web |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/chris-pratt-nintendo-direct-super-mario-bros-movie-cast-illumination-entertainment |title=Nintendo Direct: Chris Pratt Will Voice Mario in the Super Mario Bros. Movie |last=Murphy |first=J. Kim |work=[[IGN]] |publisher=[[Ziff Davis]] |date=September 23, 2021 |accessdate=September 24, 2021 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210923223916/https://www.ign.com/articles/chris-pratt-nintendo-direct-super-mario-bros-movie-cast-illumination-entertainment |archivedate=September 23, 2021 |url-status=live }}</ref>


==Reception and legacy==
==Reception and legacy==

Revision as of 12:41, 12 October 2021

"Bowser (Nintendo)" redirects here. For the President of Nintendo of America, see Doug Bowser.
For other uses, see Bowser (disambiguation).
Bowser
Mario character
3D character artwork
First appearanceSuper Mario Bros. (1985)
Created byShigeru Miyamoto
Designed byShigeru Miyamoto
Yōichi Kotabe
Portrayed byChristopher Collins/Patrick Pinney (King Koopa's Kool Kartoons)
Christopher Hewett (Mario Ice Capades)
Dennis Hopper (Super Mario Bros.)
Voiced by
In-universe information
AliasKing Koopa
SpeciesKoopa
TitleKing of the Koopas[6]
ChildrenBowser Jr.

Bowser (クッパ, Kuppa, "Koopa"),[7] or King Koopa, is a fictional character and the primary antagonist of Nintendo's Mario franchise and is the archenemy of Mario. In Japan, the character bears the title of Daimaō (大魔王, "Great Demon King").[8] Bowser is the leader of the turtle-like Koopa race. Despite the fact that Bowser has teamed up with Mario in a few games, his ultimate goals are to kidnap Princess Peach, defeat Mario and Luigi to conquer the Mushroom Kingdom. Bowser's defining traits are his monstrous appearance with dragon-like elements, full-throated roar, fire-breathing abilities, cruel personality, bestial reptilian voice, never-ending conflict with Mario, and unrequited crush for Peach.

Bowser initially appears as Mario's opponent in the 1985 video game Super Mario Bros. Bowser was originally envisioned as a ox as an Ox-King from the Toei Animation film Alakazam the Great, but Nintendo Designer Takashi Tezuka remarked out that the character looked a lot more like a turtle than an ox, and the two collaborated to define Bowser's appearance, leading to the character becoming the leader of the turtle-like Koopa Troopas.

After Super Mario Bros., Bowser also began to branch off to different genres. These include role-playing games such as Paper Mario and Mario & Luigi, and sports games such as Mario Kart and Mario Tennis. He has appeared in other Nintendo properties, such as in the Super Smash Bros. series of crossover fighting games. Bowser has also appeared in various animations, including three series produced by DIC Entertainment, and was portrayed by Dennis Hopper in the 1993 Super Mario Bros. film. He will be voiced by Jack Black in the upcoming 2022 film adaptation.

Bowser received mainly excellent reviews, with several critics noting that he is one of the most iconic and most recognizable video game villains ever.

Concept and creation

Earliest known concept artwork for Bowser.

Bowser was created by Nintendo designer and producer Shigeru Miyamoto. Miyamoto had first envisioned Bowser as an ox, basing him on the Ox-King from the Toei Animation film Alakazam the Great.[9] However, Nintendo designer Takashi Tezuka pointed out that the character looked a lot more like a turtle than an ox. Miyamoto and Tezuka then began to work together to define Bowser's appearance. Since the character was the leader of the turtle-like Koopa Troopas the two began to base his new appearance on them, creating a new illustration. In his final design, Miyamoto commented that he could make Bowser "look cool now".[10]

Miyamoto named him 大魔王 クッパ Daimaō Kuppa. Kuppa came from the Japanese name for 국밥, gukbap, a Korean dish. Miyamoto had also considered the names ユッケ Yukke and ビビンバ Bibinba, also Japanese names of Korean dishes (육회 yukhoe and 비빔밥 bibimbap respectively).[11] The Korean name for the character Bowser/Kuppa is not Gukbap, but 쿠파 Kupa, which is essentially a phonetic round-trip translation.[12] The name was anglicized to Kuppa rather than Koopa in the Japanese versions up until the release of Super Mario World.[13][14]

Bowser was once imagined as an upright Koopa Troopa with spines on his back and fangs, according to the oldest known design.[15] During the development of Super Mario Bros., Miyamoto contemplated commissioning the game's art to a manga artist or illustrator. However, due to a lack of time, he created the game's original box art himself. Bowser is depicted in this artwork in a way that differs from later renditions, with the most noticeable differences being his gray-blue complexion and lack of horns. Miyamoto received inspiration for the character's appearance from an anime film version of the Chinese novel Journey to the West, which was renamed Alakazam the Great during the film's Ameri period.[16] Yōichi Kotabe based Bowser's final design on the Chinese softshell turtle, which he recognized to be a highly aggressive kind of turtle, reflecting Bowser's terrifying temperament.[17]

In the Super Mario Bros. film, Bowser is portrayed by Dennis Hopper and is called President Koopa. He is also briefly referred to as King Koopa. This incarnation is almost entirely human in appearance, with blonde hair he gels in the shape of a crown, and he frequently wears a black business suit and necktie. However, after brief exposure to his own evolution-reversing device by the Mario Bros., he starts occasionally possessing some reptilian traits. The climax of the film sees Koopa devolve into an enormous green Tyrannosaurus rex to battle the Mario Bros., but he is further devolved into primordial ooze.[18] Bowser Standalone Prop, but with a penis for usage in Bowser movies, was created by 3D modeller "AkkoArcade". After a copyright claim was made by a party claiming to represent Nintendo of America, Patreon fully removed it.[19][20]

In Wreck-It Ralph, the writers had early on envisioned the Bad-anon meeting with Bowser as a major character within the scene; according to Moore, Nintendo was very positive towards this use, stating in Rich Moore's own words, "If there is a group that is dedicated to helping the bad guy characters in video games then Bowser must be in that group!"[21]

Characteristics

File:Bowser Emblem.png
Bowser's Emblem.

Bowser is portrayed as the "King of the Koopas", anthropomorphic turtles that inhabit the world of the Mushroom Kingdom. Bowser differs greatly from the rest of the Koopa clan, which consists mainly of bipedal tortoises. He is characterized by a large, spiked turtle shell, horns, a draconic muzzle, razor-sharp fangs, taloned fingers, three clawed toes on each foot, red eyes and a shock of red hair. He is physically endowed with immense strength, is nearly indestructible, and can breathe fire. He can also jump surprisingly high for his large size. He is also accomplished in black magic, thanks to which he can teleport himself or summon objects, fly, generate a huge amount of electricity, use telekinesis or metamorphose.[22]

Bowser's physical size tends to vary from game to game. In most games, he towers over the majority of characters, but there are exceptions. In Super Mario RPG, he stands only slightly taller than Mario. He is shown changing his size at will or through others' sorcery in games including Yoshi's Island, Super Mario Galaxy and Super Mario Galaxy 2.[22]

Bowser aspires to take over the Mushroom Kingdom and merge it with his own realm. He is infatuated with Princess Peach,[23][24][25] and routinely kidnaps her as part of his plans for domination.[26] Sometimes, he kidnaps Peach simply to lure Mario into a trap, but occasionally he hopes to marry her. The character's role in the franchise varies.[26] He is typically the main antagonist in the main series, but in the RPG series, he sometimes works with the heroes to defeat a greater evil. The RPGs also portray Bowser in a more humorous light as a blustering, buffoonish bully with a hidden softer side. He also cares for his minions.[22]

Bowser has a son, Bowser Jr., who helps his father kidnap Princess Peach. Bowser Jr.'s mother is unknown, as Bowser isn't officially confirmed as having a previous marriage yet. Originally in Super Mario Bros. 3, Bowser was stated to be the father of the Koopalings[27] with subsequent official sources adding that he was their biological father,[28][29] but since their return in New Super Mario Bros. Wii they have been referred to as Bowser's minions. In a 2012 interview, Shigeru Miyamoto stated, "Our current story is that the seven Koopalings are not Bowser's children. Bowser's only child is Bowser Jr., and we do not know who the mother is."[30]

Appearances

Super Mario Bros. featured Bowser's first video game appearance as a villain in the final stage. (left). Afterward, Miyamoto and Tezuka began to collaborate on Bowser's appearance. Because the character was the commander of the turtle-like Koopa Troopas, the two decided to create a new image based on him. Miyamoto said in his final design that he could make Bowser "look cool today".[31]

Bowser makes his debut appearance in a video game in Super Mario Bros.[32] He then appeared through all Super Mario series, Paper Mario series, Yoshi series and' 'Mario and Luigi series.

Reception and legacy

Due largely to the success of the Mario franchise, Bowser has become one of the most iconic and easily recognizable video game antagonists of all time. He frequently appears in lists for greatest video game antagonists. IGN placed him at #2 out of 100,[33] and GamePro placed him at #9 out of 47.[34] GameSpot listed him at #9 in their "Top 10 Video Game Villains" article, stating "Of all the villains to make an appearance on this list, Bowser...has got to be the most interesting," later adding "While some people say Bowser's life may have gotten into a rut, the man has simply refined his game down to an everyday thing. He's focused, he's dedicated, and worst of all, he's patient."[35] Bowser ranked in the first slot on GameDaily's top 10 Nintendo characters that deserve their own games list, explaining if Yoshi and Wario get their own games, Bowser should too due to his being one of gaming's most nefarious villains.[36] In GameDaily's top 10 Smash Bros. characters list, he ranked sixth.[37] GameDaily also included him in their most persistent video game villains list.[38] However, Bowser has been also rated as the 4th-biggest douchebag in gaming history by ScrewAttack, who said that he wants to "take Mario down".[39] IGN editor Craig Harris described Bowser as being a household name.[40] In 2011, Empire ranked him as the 23rd-greatest video game character[41] while Guinness World Records Gamer's Edition 2013 featured Bowser first in their list of top 50 Villains.[42] IGN named Bowser as one of the "oldest villains in gaming history, not to mention one of the most iconic."[43]

Bowser's role in Super Mario Galaxy has been met with significant praise. Eurogamer editor Margaret Robertson commented that after years of being a "comedy villain", Galaxy put him back at his "scaly, scabrous best".[44] PALGN editor Chris Sell called him the best boss in Mario Galaxy, stating that it wasn't just because of the battles with him being "superb, screen filling affairs", but also because he is "back to being mean again".[45] Nintendo World Report editor Aaron Kaluszka commented that battling Bowser has never been "this intense and engaging".[46] IGN editor Cam Shea praised his physical appearance in Super Mario Galaxy, describing him as "imposing and weighty".[47] Another IGN editor, Matt Casamassina, praised the visual quality of the characters, citing Bowser in particular and mentioning how his "funky red fur waggles in the wind".[48] Game Positive editor Travis Simmons concurred, commenting that his hair "gives him a touch of personality".[49]

Bowser's role in Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story has been met with highly positive reception also. He has frequently been referenced as the main character of the game due to his prominence in it. Eurogamer editor Christian Donlan commented that it felt good to play as Bowser, and that "After years of picking a path carefully around threats, jumping out of harm's way, and tackling challengers mostly from above, it's a pleasure to put those cares aside and relish a few hours of spiky, tortoise-shelled power."[50] Destructoid editor Jim Sterling described Bowser's gameplay as "brilliant comic relief". He also described the dialogue of the game as being "laugh out loud funny", specifically praising Bowser's ego.[51] RPGamer editor Michael Cunningham praised the game for Bowser "stealing the show", but also decried it for not having quite enough of him.[52] Nintendo World Report editor Pedro Hernandez commented that the plot and humour of the game make iconic characters "more enduring, including Bowser".[53] NGamer Magazine editor Matthew Castle commented that all Mario role-playing games make good use of Bowser, but that this is the first game where Bowser takes the center stage.[54] Game Style editor Drew Middlemas commented that Bowser stole the show, being portrayed as a "creature of pure, blustering ego who reminds us of why he's one of gaming's greatest baddies."[55] N-Europe editor called him the "real star" of the game, calling him a "fantastic character" with "so much more to give than what we've seen from him so far, even in the other Mario RPGs". He added that his "foul mood and lack of intelligence" as well as his interactions with other characters are well written.[56] Kombo editor commented that he became a more sympathetic character as the game progresses, adding that his "massive ego pushes him towards heroism".[57] Wired editor Chris Kohler called Bowser awesome, adding that his segments are funnier than Mario and Luigi's.[58] Giant Bomb editor Brad Shoemaker states that Bowser steals the show, commenting that playing as him gives players an inside glimpse of his ego and megalomania.[59] IGN editor Craig Harris described Bowser as the only "core Nintendo character over the past couple decades" to not have a starring role in a video game, and this game acts as his "big break".[60] 1UP.com editor Jeremy Parish stated that Bowser makes the game, describing him as more interesting than Bowser's Inside Story predecessor's partners, the baby forms of Mario and Luigi.[61] GamePro editor Alicia Ashby called Bowser one of the most "lovable characters in the Nintendo universe", and praising Bowser's Inside Story for giving him "much deserved time in the spotlight".[62] GameSpy editor Phil Theobald called him the breakout star of the game, stating that "the gruff, quick-to-anger pro/antagonist is a treat to watch as he continuously becomes infuriated with the incompetence of his minions."[63] GamesRadar editor Henry Gilbert stated that he is "home to the most drastic change to the formula" in this game, stating that while he is still a "humorously incapable villain", the game allows players to switch between Bowser and the Mario Bros. at their discretion."[64]

Fans wondered for years about what Mario said after he defeated Bowser, threw him, and shouted in the final battle of Super Mario 3D All-Stars until Charles Martinet, Mario's voice actor, took to Twitter in April 2019 to assert Mario was saying "so long kinga Bowser!" However, from July 2020, a fan restoration has made Mario seem much more like he's saying "Gay Bowser."[65] Mario didn't say "gay Bowser," but rather "buh-bye!" according to Ian Walker of Kotaku.[66] Nintendo later confirmed that Mario said "buh-bye!" in a tweet.[67]

In 2018, a short comic "The Super Crown's some spicy new Mario lore" on DeviantArt and Twitter transforms Bowser into a monstrously sinister female resembling Peach, which fans named Bowsette.[68] The character subsequently went viral,[69] with Ars Technica writing that Bowsette's popularity was partly due to her contrast with Princess Peach and Bowser.[70] Apart from Mario Day, "Bowser Day 2021" became a Twitter craze as fans commemorated the renowned Nintendo's iconic villain.[71] When the alligator snapping turtle of the Amur River was discovered. As a result of the turtle's resemblance to Bowser, it has become somewhat of an internet sensation.[72]

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Sources

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