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{{Refimprove|date=September 2008}}
{{otheruses}}
{{current sport-related|image=AmericanFootball current event.svg|mini=1|2008 Cincinnati Bengals season}}
{{Expert-subject|Medicine|date=January 2009}}
{{NFL team | name = Cincinnati Bengals | logo = New_Cincinnati_Bengals_Logo.png

| founded = 1968
{{DiseaseDisorder infobox |
| city = [[Cincinnati, Ohio]]
Name = Dementia|
| uniform = Image:AFCN-Uniform-CIN.PNG
ICD10 = {{ICD10|F|00||f|00}}-{{ICD10|F|07||f|00}}|
| colors = Black, orange, white
ICD9 = {{ICD9|290}}-{{ICD9|294}} |
{{color box|black}} {{color box|#f03a16}} {{color box|white}}
ICDO = |
| coach = [[Marvin Lewis]]
Image = |
| general manager = Mike Brown
Caption = |
| owner = [[Mike Brown (football team owner)|Mike Brown]]
OMIM = |
| mascot = [[Who Dey]]
MedlinePlus = 000739 |
| hist_yr = 1968
eMedicineSubj = |
| affiliate_old =
eMedicineTopic = |
[[American Football League]] (1968-1969)
DiseasesDB = 29283 |
*Western Division (1968-1969)
MeshID = D003704 |
| NFL_start_yr = 1970
| division_hist =
*'''[[American Football Conference]] (1970-present)'''
**[[AFC Central]] (1970-2001)
**'''[[AFC North]] (2002-present)'''
| no_conf_champs = 2
| no_div_champs = 6
| conf_champs =
*'''AFC:''' 1981, 1988
| div_champs =
*'''AFC Central:''' 1970, 1973, 1981, 1988, 1990
*'''AFC North:''' 2005
| playoff_appearances = <ul><li>'''NFL:''' 1970, 1973, 1975, 1981, 1982, 1988, 1990, 2005</li></ul>
| no_playoff_appearances = 8
| stadium_years =
*[[Nippert Stadium]] (1968-1969)
*[[Riverfront Stadium]] (1970-1999)
**a.k.a. [[Riverfront Stadium|Cinergy Field]] (1996-99)
*'''[[Paul Brown Stadium]] (2000-present)'''
}}
}}


{{ otheruses4|the current Cincinnati Bengals team of the National Football League|American Football League team of the same name (1937&ndash;1941)|Cincinnati Bengals (AFL)}}
'''Dementia''' (from [[Latin]] ''de-'' "apart, away" + ''[[mens]]'' ([[genitive case|genitive]] ''mentis'') "mind") is the progressive decline in [[cognition|cognitive function]] due to damage or [[disease]] in the body beyond what might be expected from normal [[aging]]. Although dementia is far more common in the [[geriatric]] population, it may occur in any stage of adulthood. This age cutoff is defining, as similar sets of symptoms due to organic brain dysfunction are given different names in populations younger than adulthood (see, for instance, [[developmental disorders]]).
The '''Cincinnati Bengals''' are a professional [[American football]] team based in [[Cincinnati, Ohio|Cincinnati]], [[Ohio]]. It is currently a member of the [[AFC North|North Division]] of the [[American Football Conference]] (AFC) in the [[National Football League]] (NFL). Their first season, [[1968 in sports|1968]], was as an [[American Football League]] franchise, but they joined the NFL as part of the 1970 [[AFL-NFL Merger]], which had actually been agreed to in [[1966 in sports|1966]]. During that time, they have never won a [[Super Bowl]].


The Bengals currently conduct summer training camp at [[Georgetown College (Kentucky)|Georgetown College]] in [[Georgetown, Kentucky|Georgetown]], [[Kentucky]] and play home games at [[Paul Brown Stadium]] in [[Downtown Cincinnati]].
Dementia is a non-specific illness [[syndrome]] (set of signs and [[symptoms]]) in which affected areas of cognition may be [[memory]], [[attention]], [[language]], and [[problem solving]]. Higher mental functions are affected first in the process. Especially in the later stages of the condition, affected persons may be [[disorientation|disoriented]] in time (not knowing what day of the week, day of the month, or even what year it is), in place (not knowing where they are), and in person (not knowing who they are or others around them).


==Franchise history==
Symptoms of dementia can be classified as either reversible or irreversible, depending upon the [[etiology]] of the disease. Less than 10 percent of cases of dementia are due to causes which may presently be reversed with treatment. Causes include many different specific disease processes, in the same way that symptoms of organ dysfunction such as shortness of breath, [[jaundice]], or [[pain]] are attributable to many etiologies. Without careful assessment of history, the short-term syndrome of [[delirium]] can easily be confused with dementia, because they have many symptoms in common. Some [[mental illnesses]], including [[depression (mood)|depression]] and [[psychosis]], may also produce symptoms which must be differentiated from both delirium and dementia.<ref>[http://www.aafp.org/afp/20030301/1027.html American Family Physician], March 1, 2003 Delirium</ref>
{{details|History of the Cincinnati Bengals}}
In 1966, Paul Brown wanted to become involved in professional football again. [[James A. Rhodes]], then the governor of Ohio, convinced Brown that Ohio needed a second team. Cincinnati was deemed the logical choice, in essence, splitting the state.


Brown named the team the Bengals in order "to give it a link with past professional football in Cincinnati." <ref>[http://www.cincinnatibengals.com/team/history.asp History - Cincinnati Bengals<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> Another Bengals team existed in the city and played in a three previous American Football Leagues<ref>[[AFL II]] 1937, [[American Football League (1938)|AFL/APFA]] 1939, [[AFL III]] 1940-1941</ref> from [[1937 in sports|1937]] to [[1942 in sports|1942]]. The city's renowned [[Cincinnati Zoo|zoo]] was also home to a rare white [[Bengal Tiger]]. However, possibly as an insult to [[Art Modell]], Paul Brown chose the exact shade of orange used by his former team. He added black as the secondary color. Brown chose a very simple logo: the word "BENGALS" in black lettering. Ironically, one of the potential helmet designs Brown rejected was a striped motif that was similar to the helmets adopted by the team in [[1981 in sports|1981]] and which is still in use to this day; however, that design featured orange stripes on a black helmet which were more uniform in width.
==Diagnosis==
Proper differential diagnosis between the types of dementia ([[Cerebral cortex|cortical]] and [[Cerebral cortex#Laminar pattern|subcortical]] - see below) will require, at the least, referral to a specialist, e.g. a geriatric internist, geriatric psychiatrist, [[neurologist]], [[neuropsychologist]] or geropsychologist.{{Fact|date=January 2009}} However, there exist some brief tests (5-15 minutes) that have reasonable reliability and can be used in the office or other setting to screen cognitive status for deficits which are considered [[pathology|pathological]]. Examples of such tests include the [[abbreviated mental test score]] (AMTS), the [[mini mental state examination]] (MMSE), Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (3MS),<ref name="pmid3611032">Teng E L, Chui H C. The Modified Mini-Mental State (3MS) examination. J Clin Psychiatry 1987;48:314–18. PMID 3611032</ref> the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI),<ref name="pmid8054493">Teng E L, Hasegawa K, Homma A, et al. The Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI): a practical test for cross-cultural epidemiological studies of dementia. Int Psychogeriatr 1994;6:45–58. PMID 8054493</ref> and the clock drawing test.<ref name="pmid9598672">{{cite journal |author=Royall, D.; Cordes J.; & Polk M. |title=CLOX: an executive clock drawing task |journal=J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry |volume=64 |issue=5 |pages=588–94 |year=1998 |pmid=9598672 | url=http://jnnp.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/64/5/588 |doi=10.1136/jnnp.64.5.588}}</ref>
An AMTS score of less than six (out of a possible score of ten) and an MMSE score under 24 (out of a possible score of 30) suggests a need for further evaluation. Scores must be interpreted in the context of the person's educational and other background, and the particular circumstances; for example, a person highly depressed or in great pain will not be expected to do well on many tests of mental ability.


However, Brown was not a supporter of the rival American Football League, stating that "I didn't pay ten million dollars to be in the AFL." <ref>[http://www.conigliofamily.com/PaulBrown.htm Paul Brown<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>. He only acquiesced to joining the AFL when he was guaranteed that the team would become an NFL franchise after the impending [[AFL-NFL merger|merger of the two leagues]].
===Mini-mental state examination===
{{main|Mini-mental state examination}}
The [http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstfix.htm U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)] reviewed tests for cognitive impairment and concluded:<ref name="pmid12779304">{{cite journal |author=Boustani, M.; Peterson, B.; Hanson, L.; Harris, R.; & Lohr, K. |title=Screening for dementia in primary care: a summary of the evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force |journal=Ann Intern Med |volume=138 |issue=11 |pages=927–37 |year=2003 |pmid=12779304 | url=http://www.annals.org/cgi/content/full/138/11/927 |month=Jun |day=03}}</ref>
* MMSE


There was also a complication: the [[Major League Baseball]] [[Cincinnati Reds]] were in need of a facility to replace the antiquated, obsolete [[Crosley Field]], which they had used since [[1912 in sports|1912]]. Parking nightmares had plagued the city as far back as the 1950s, the little park lacked modern amenities, and [[New York City]], which in [[1957 in sports|1957]] had lost both their [[National League]] teams, the [[Los Angeles Dodgers|Dodgers]] and the [[San Francisco Giants|Giants]] to Los Angeles and San Francisco, respectively, were actively courting [[Powel Crosley]]. However, Crosley was adamant that the Reds remain in Cincinnati and tolerated worsening problems with the Crosley Field location, which were increased with the [[Millcreek Expressway]] ([[I-75]]) project that ran alongside the park.
: [[Sensitivity (tests)|sensitivity]] 71% to 92%
: [[Specificity (tests)|specificity]] 56% to 96%


With assistance from Ohio governor James A. Rhodes, [[Hamilton County, Ohio|Hamilton County]] and the Cincinnati city council agreed to build a single multi-purpose facility on the dilapidated riverfront section of the city. The new facility had to be ready by the opening of the [[1970 in sports|1970]] NFL season and was officially named [[Riverfront Stadium]], which was its working title.
===Modified Mini-Mental State examination (3MS)===
A copy of the 3MS is online.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cjns.org/27febtoc/predicting_appendix_.html |title=Appendix: The Modified Mini-Mental State (3MS) |accessdate=2007-09-06 |format= |work=}}</ref> A [[meta-analysis]] concluded that the Modified Mini-Mental State (3MS) examination has:<ref name="pmid17178826">Cullen B, O'Neill B, Evans JJ, Coen RF, Lawlor BA. A review of screening tests for cognitive impairment.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2007 Aug;78(8):790-9. Epub 2006 Dec 18. PMID 17178826</ref>
: sensitivity 83% to 93.5%
: specificity 85% to 90%


With the completion of the merger in 1970, the Cleveland Browns were moved to the AFL-based American Football Conference and placed in the [[AFC Central]], the same division as the Bengals. An instant [[Battle_of_Ohio_(NFL)|rivalry was born]], fueled initially by Paul Brown's rivalry with Art Modell.
===Abbreviated mental test score===
{{main|abbreviated mental test score}}
A meta-analysis concluded:<ref name="pmid17178826"/>
: sensitivity 73% to 100%
: specificity 71% to 100%


For their inaugural season they played at [[Nippert Stadium]] which is the current home of the [[University of Cincinnati]] [[Bearcat]]s. The team finished its first season with a 3&ndash;11 record, although one bright spot was running back [[Paul Robinson (American football player)|Paul Robinson]]. Robinson rushed for 1,023 yards and was named the AFL Rookie of the Year.
===Other examinations===
Many other tests have been studied<ref name="pmid17163083">{{cite journal |author=Sager, M.; Hermann, B.; La Rue, A.; & Woodard, J. |title=Screening for dementia in community-based memory clinics |journal=WMJ |volume=105 |issue=7 |pages=25–9 |year=2006 |pmid=17163083}}</ref><ref name="pmid17287448">{{cite journal |author=Fleisher, A.; Sowell B.; Taylor C.; Gamst A.; Petersen R.; & Thal L. |title=Clinical predictors of progression to Alzheimer disease in amnestic mild cognitive impairment |journal=Neurology |volume= 68|issue= |pages= 1588|year= 2007|pmid=17287448 |doi=10.1212/01.wnl.0000258542.58725.4c}}</ref><ref name="pmid12614094">{{cite journal |author=Karlawish, J. & Clark, C. |title=Diagnostic evaluation of elderly patients with mild memory problems |journal=Ann Intern Med |volume=138 |issue=5 |pages=411–9 |year=2003 |pmid=12614094 | url=http://www.annals.org/cgi/content/full/138/5/411}}</ref> including the clock-drawing test ([http://jnnp.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/64/5/588/F3 example form]). Although some may emerge as better alternatives to the MMSE, presently the MMSE is the best studied. However, access to the MMSE is now limited by enforcement of its copyright.{{Fact|date=September 2008}}


Founder Paul Brown coached the team for its first eight seasons. One of Brown’s college draft strategies was to draft players with above average intelligence. [[punter (football position)|Punter]]/[[wide receiver]] [[Pat McInally]] attended [[Harvard]] and [[linebacker]] Reggie Williams attended [[Dartmouth College]] and served on [[Cincinnati]] city council while on the Bengals’ roster. Because of this policy, many former players were highly articulate and went on to have successful careers in [[Play-by-play|commentary]] and [[broadcasting]] as well as the arts. In addition, Brown had a knack for locating and recognizing pro football talent in unusual places.
Another approach to screening for dementia is to ask an informant (relative or other supporter) to fill out a questionnaire about the person's everyday cognitive functioning. Informant questionnaires provide complementary information to brief cognitive tests. Probably the best known questionnaire of this sort is the [[Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE)]].<ref>Jorm, A.F. (2004). The Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE): A review. International Psychogeriatrics, 16, 1-19.</ref>


In the '70s the Bengals moved to play at Riverfront Stadium, a home they shared with the Cincinnati Reds until the team moved to Paul Brown Stadium in 2000. The team would reach the playoffs three times during that decade, but could not win any of those postseason games. In 1975, the team posted an 11-3 record, giving them what is to this day the highest winning percentage (.786) in franchise history. But it only earned them a Wild Card spot in the playoffs, behind the 12&ndash;2 [[Pittsburgh Steelers]], who went on to win the Super Bowl, and Bengals lost to the [[Oakland Raiders]] 31&ndash;28 in the divisional playoffs.
Further evaluation includes retesting at another date, and administration of other (and sometimes more complex) tests of mental function, such as formal [[neuropsychological]] testing.


The Bengals would reach the Super Bowl twice during the 1980s, but lost both times to the San Francisco 49ers. Then after appearing in the playoffs in 1990, Paul Brown died. He had already transferred control to his son, Mike Brown, but was reported to still influence the daily operations of the team. The Bengals' fortunes changed for the worse as the team would post 14 consecutive non-winning seasons. The Bengals began to emerge from that dismal period into a new era of increased consistency after hiring Marvin Lewis as head coach in 2003. [[Carson Palmer]], the future star quarterback, was drafted in 2003 but did not play a snap that whole season, as [[Jon Kitna]] had a comeback year (voted NFL Comeback Player of the Year). Despite Kitna's success, Carson was promoted to starting quarterback the following season. Under Carson, the team advanced to the playoffs for the first time since 1990 in the 2005 season, which marked the first time the team had a winning percentage above .500 since 1990.
===Laboratory tests===
Routine [[blood test]]s are also usually performed to rule out treatable causes. These tests include [[vitamin B12]], [[folic acid]], [[thyroid-stimulating hormone]] (TSH), [[C-reactive protein]], [[full blood count]], [[electrolyte]]s, [[calcium in biology|calcium]], [[renal function]], and [[liver enzyme]]s. Abnormalities may suggest [[vitamin deficiency]], [[infection]] or other problems that commonly cause confusion or disorientation in the elderly. The problem is complicated by the fact that these cause confusion more often in persons who have early dementia, so that "reversal" of such problems may ultimately only be temporary.


Meanwhile, Paul Brown Stadium was built for the 2000 season using private and public money. In tribute to his father, Mike Brown refused corporate offers to have the stadium renamed for their company which became a trend in the NFL and other sports teams around that time.
Chronic use of substances such as [[alcoholic beverage|alcohol]] can also predispose the patient to cognitive changes suggestive of dementia.


Under the ownership of Mike Brown, the Bengals remain one of five NFL teams without a [[General Manager]]--the other four being the [[Dallas Cowboys]] (with owner [[Jerry Jones]] legally serving as his own GM), the [[New England Patriots]], the [[Oakland Raiders]] (with owner [[Al Davis]] in a similar capacity to Jones) and the [[Washington Redskins]] (with [[Daniel Snyder]] in a similar role to Mike Brown and serving as the ''de facto'' GM without the title).
===Imaging===
A [[Computed axial tomography|CT scan]] or [[magnetic resonance imaging]] (MRI scan) is commonly performed, although these modalities (as is noted below) do not have optimal sensitivity for the diffuse metabolic changes associated with dementia in a patient who shows no gross neurological problems (such as paralysis or weakness) on neurological exam. CT or MRI may suggest [[normal pressure hydrocephalus]], a potentially reversible cause of dementia, and can yield information relevant to other types of dementia, such as infarction ([[stroke]]) that would point at a vascular type of dementia. However, the [[functional neuroimaging]] modalities of [[SPECT]] and [[Positron emission tomography|PET]] have shown similar ability to diagnose dementia as clinical exam.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Bonte |first=FJ |coauthors=Harris TS, Hynan LS, Bigio EH, White CL 3rd |year=2006 |month=July |title=Tc-99m HMPAO SPECT in the differential diagnosis of the dementias with histopathologic confirmation |journal=Clinical Nuclear Medicine |volume=31 |issue=7 |pages=376–8 |accessdate= 2007-12-21 |pmid=16785801 |doi=10.1097/01.rlu.0000222736.81365.63 }}</ref> The ability of SPECT to differentiate the vascular cause from the Alzheimer disease cause of dementias, appears to be superior to differentiation by clinical exam.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Dougall |first=NJ |coauthors=Bruggink S, Ebmeier KP |year=2004 |month=Nov-December |title=Systematic review of the diagnostic accuracy of 99mTc-HMPAO-SPECT in dementia |journal=The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry |volume=12 |issue=6 |pages=554–70 |accessdate= 2007-12-21 |pmid=15545324 |doi=10.1176/appi.ajgp.12.6.554 }}</ref>


==Logo and uniforms==
==Types==
[[Image:AFC-Throwback2-Uniform-CIN.PNG|thumb|right|250px|Cincinnati Bengals uniform: 1973-1980]]
{{Prose|date=January 2009}}
===Cortical dementias===
* [[Alzheimer's disease]]
* [[Vascular dementia]] (also known as ''multi-infarct dementia''), including [[Binswanger's disease]]
* [[Dementia with Lewy bodies]] (DLB)
* [[Alcohol dementia|Alcohol-Induced Persisting Dementia]]
** [[Korsakoff's syndrome]]
** [[Wernicke's encephalopathy]]
* [[Frontotemporal lobar degenerations]] (FTLD), including [[Pick's disease]]
** [[Frontotemporal dementia]] (or frontal variant FTLD)
** [[Semantic dementia]] (or temporal variant FTLD)
** [[Progressive non-fluent aphasia]]
* [[Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease]]
* [[Dementia pugilistica]]
* [[Moyamoya disease]]
* [[Thebestia]] (Often mistaken for a [[cancer]])
* [[Posterior cortical atrophy]] or Benson's syndrome.


[[Image:AFCN-Uniform-combination-CIN.png|thumb|left|250px|Cincinnati Bengals uniform combinations]][[Image:AFC-Throwback-Uniform-CIN.PNG|thumb|right|250px|Cincinnati Bengals uniform: 1997-2003]]
===Subcortical dementias===
When the team debuted in 1968, the Bengals' uniforms were modeled after the [[Cleveland Browns]]. When Paul Brown was fired by [[Art Modell]], Brown still had ownership of the equipment used by Cleveland. So after the firing, Paul Brown packed up all his equipment, which he then used for his new team in Cincinnati. The Cleveland Browns' team colors were orange, brown and white, and their helmets were solid orange with a white dorsal stripe over the crest.
* Dementia due to [[Huntington's disease]]
* Dementia due to [[Hypothyroidism]]
* Dementia due to [[Parkinson's disease]]
* Dementia due to [[Vitamin B1 deficiency]]
* Dementia due to [[Vitamin B12 deficiency]]
* Dementia due to [[Folate deficiency]]
* Dementia due to [[Syphilis]]
* Dementia due to [[Subdural hematoma]]
* Dementia due to [[Hypercalcaemia]]
* Dementia due to [[Hypoglycemia]]
* [[AIDS dementia complex]]
* [[Pseudodementia]] (a [[major depressive episode]] with prominent cognitive symptoms)
* Substance-induced persisting dementia (related to psychoactive use and formerly [[Absinthism]])
* Dementia due to multiple etiologies
* Dementia due to other general medical conditions (i.e. [[end stage renal failure]], [[cardiovascular disease]] etc.)
* Dementia not otherwise specified (used in cases where no specific criteria is met)


The Bengals' team colors were orange, black and white, and their helmets were a similar shade of orange, with the only variations being the word "Bengals" in block letters on either side of the helmet and no stripe on the helmet. The Cincinnati Bengals were unique in the NFL as they did not have uniform numbers on the players sleeves until the 1980 season.
Dementia and early onset dementia have been associated with neurovisceral porphyrias. [[Porphyria]] is listed in textbooks in the differential diagnosis of dementia. Because acute intermittent porphyria, hereditary coproporphyria and variegate porphyria are aggravated by environmental toxins and drugs the disorders should be ruled out when these etiologies are raised.


[[File:CinLeapTiger.gif|left|thumb|150px|The sleeve design of the Bengals added to the uniform in 1997.]]The team did not discard their Cleveland-like uniforms until 1981. During that year, a then-unique uniform design was introduced. Although the team kept black jerseys, white jerseys, and white pants, they were now trimmed with orange and black tiger stripes. The team also introduced orange helmets with black tiger stripes.
==Treatment==
{{Unreferenced section|date=January 2009}}
Except for the treatable types listed above, there is no cure to this illness, although scientists are progressing in making a type of medication that will slow down the process.{{Fact|date=January 2009}} [[Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor|Cholinesterase inhibitor]]s are often used early in the disease course. Cognitive and behavioral interventions may also be appropriate. Educating and providing emotional support to the [[caregiver]] (or carer) is of importance as well (''see also [[elderly care]]'').


[[File:CinTigerHead.gif|left|thumb|125px|An alternate logo of the Bengals introduced in 1997.]]In 1997, the Bengals designed an alternate logo consisting of a leaping tiger, and it was added to the uniform sleeves. They also designed an alternate logo consisting of a Bengal's head facing to the left. However, the orange helmet with black tiger stripes continued to be the team's primary trademark.
A [[Canadian]] study found that a lifetime of [[bilingualism]] has a marked influence on delaying the onset of dementia by an average of four years when compared to [[monolingualism|monolingual]] patients. The researchers determined that the onset of dementia symptoms in the monolingual group occurred at the mean age of 71.4, while the bilingual group was 75.5 years. The difference remained even after considering the possible effect of cultural differences, [[immigration]], formal [[education]], employment and even [[gender]] as influences in the results.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/medicalnews.php?newsid=60646 | title=Bilingualism Has Protective Effect In Delaying Onset Of Dementia By Four Years, Canadian Study Shows | publisher=Medical News Today | date=2007-01-11 | accessdate=2007-01-16}}</ref>


In 2004, a new tiger stripe pattern and more accents were added to the uniforms. The black jerseys now featured orange sleeves, while the white jerseys began to use black sleeves and orange shoulders. A new logo consisting of an orange "B" covered with black tiger stripes was introduced. The team also started rotating black pants and debuted an alternate orange jersey.
Some studies world-wide have found that [[Music therapy]] may be useful in helping patients with dementia.<ref>Aldridge, David, [http://books.google.com/books?id=c5imM2M4VjAC&printsec=frontcover ''Music Therapy in Dementia Care''], London : Jessica Kingsley Publishers, November 2000. ISBN 1853027766</ref><ref>Tuet, R.W.K.; Lam, L.C.W. (September 2006) [http://www.hkjpsych.com/past0603.htm "A preliminary study of the effects of music therapy on agitation in Chinese patients with dementia"], Hong Kong Journal of Psychiatry, Volume 16, Number 3</ref><ref>Watanabe, Tomoyuki; et al., [http://ir.nul.nagoya-u.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2237/8800/1/aikyo+57-61.pdf "Effects of music therapy for dementia: A systematic review"], (in Japanese) Aichi University of Education Research Reports, v.55, pp. 57-61, March, 2005</ref><ref>Koger, Susan M.; Chapin Kathyn; Brotons, Melissa, [http://apt.allenpress.com/perlserv/?request=get-toc&issn=0022-2917&volume=36&issue=1 "Is Music Therapy an Effective Intervention for Dementia? : A Meta-Analytic Review of Literature"], Journal of Music Therapy 36(1), February 1999, pp.2-15.</ref><ref>Remington, Ruth, "Calming Music and Hand Massage With Agitated Elderly", Nursing Research 51(5): 317-323, September/October 2002.</ref>


The Bengals have primarily worn their black uniforms at home throughout their history, except during the 1970 and 1971 seasons, when the Bengals wore white at home for the entire season. In 2001 and 2002 the Bengals wore white at home for preseason games as well as September home games due to the heat. Since 2005, the Bengals only wear white during early September home games.
===Medications===
*[[Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor]]s


==Contributions to NFL culture==
[[Tacrine]] (Cognex), [[donepezil]] (Aricept), [[galantamine]] (Razadyne), and [[rivastigmine]] (Exelon) are approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of dementia induced by Alzheimer disease. They may be useful for other similar diseases causing dementia such as Parkinsons or vascular dementia.<ref>Lleo A, Greenberg SM, Growdon JH. Current pharmacotherapy for Alzheimer's disease. Annu Rev Med. 2006;57:513-33. Review. PMID 16409164</ref>
===No Huddle Offense===
*N-methyl-D-aspartate Blockers. Memantine (Namenda) is a drug representative of this class. It can be used in combination with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.{{Fact|date=January 2009}}
A '''[[No-Huddle Offense]]''' was commonly used by all teams when time in the game was running low. However, [[Sam Wyche]], the head coach of the Bengals in 1988, along with offensive coordinator [[Bruce Coslet]], made the high-paced offense the standard modality for the ball club regardless of time remaining. By quickly setting up for the next play (often within 5-10 seconds after the last play despite being afforded 45 seconds) this hindered the other teams' defense from substituting situational players, regrouping for tactics, and, some suggest, increased the defenses' rate of fatigue (This is attributed to the belief that the offense dictates when a play starts so they tend to be more mentally relaxed and prepared for the start of a play where the defense must remain on a different level of alert before the play starts). In response to this tactic the NFL instituted several rules related to this tactic:
* Allowing the defense ample time for substitutions (if offensive substitutions are made)
* If a player's injury causes the play-clock to stop, the player must sit out at least one play
* Charging a time-out to a team when a player is injured within a certain time period of the game


The tactic was used by the franchise from the late 80s while Sam Wyche was the coach. The main rivals for AFC supremacy were the [[Buffalo Bills]], coached by [[Marv Levy]]. Most of the high-profile games (the various games for AFC Conference titles and regular season games) between the two led to these changes in NFL rules.
====Off label====


Wyche recalled that before the '88 AFC title game the Buffalo Bills had seemingly convinced league officials to penalize the Bengals for running a no-huddle offense. In a statement made to the Bengals' press in 2005, he relayed "The NFL was nice enough to come to us an hour and 55 minutes before the game and tell us we would be given a 15-yard penalty every time we used it. Of course we had practiced it all week. We told them if they wanted to answer to the public for changing the competitive balance of the AFC championship game, that was up to them, but we were using it. They never dropped a flag."
*Amyloid deposit inhibitors


===West Coast Offense/Paul Brown's Offense===
[[Minocycline]] and [[Clioquinoline]], antibiotics, may help reduce [[amyloid]] deposits in the brains of persons with Alzheimer disease.<ref>Choi, Y., Kim, H.S., Shin, K.Y., Kim, E.M., Kim, M., Kim, H.S., Park, C.H., Jeong, Y.H., Yoo, J., Lee, J.P., Chang K.A., Kim S., & Suh, Y.H. Related Minocycline Attenuates Neuronal Cell Death and Improves Cognitive Impairment in Alzheimer's Disease Models. ''Neuropsychopharmacology''. 2007 Apr 4; PMID 17406652</ref>
The [[West Coast Offense]], which is commonly employed by many teams (most notably, it was used by San Francisco during their dynasty, and the Buffalo Bills during their domination of the AFC) is the popular name for the high-percentage passing scheme designed by former Bengals assistant [[Bill Walsh]]. This play scheme was used by Ken Anderson during the Bengals' initial Super Bowl run.


===Paul Brown Stadium===
*[[Antidepressant]] drugs
Mike Brown, the current owner of the Bengals, named the new stadium after his [[Pro Football Hall of Fame]]r father, Paul Brown, resisting offers to sell the naming rights for the stadium.


==Season-by-season records==
[[Clinical depression|Depression]] is frequently associated with dementia and generally worsens the degree of [[cognitive]] and [[behavioral]] impairment. [[Antidepressant]]s may be helpful in alleviating cognitive and behavior symptoms by reuptaking [[neurotransmitter]] regulation through reuptake of [[serotonin]], [[noradrenaline]] and [[dopamine]].{{Fact|date=January 2009}}
{{main|Cincinnati Bengals seasons}}


==Players of note==
*[[Anxiolytic]] drugs
===Current roster===
{{Cincinnati Bengals roster}}


===Pro Football Hall of Famers===
Many patients with dementia experience [[anxiety]] symptoms. Although [[benzodiazepines]] like [[diazepam]] (Valium) have been used for treating anxiety in other situations, they are often avoided because they may increase agitation in persons with dementia and are likely to worsen cognitive problems or are too sedating. [[Buspirone]] (Buspar) is often initially tried for mild-to-moderate anxiety.{{Fact|date=January 2009}}
*[[Anthony Muñoz]], OL
*[[Charlie Joiner]], WR
*[[Paul Brown]], Head coach and owner.


===Retired numbers===
[[Selegiline]], a drug used primarily in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, appears to slow the development of dementia. Selegiline is thought to act as an [[antioxidant]], preventing [[free radical]] damage. However, it also acts as a stimulant, making it difficult to determine whether the delay in onset of dementia symptoms is due to protection from free radicals or to the general elevation of brain activity from the stimulant effect.{{Fact|date=January 2009}}
*54 [[Bob Johnson (American football)|Bob Johnson]], OL


===NFL Most Valuable Player===
===Contraindicated===
*[[Ken Anderson (American football)|Ken Anderson]], 1981
*[[Boomer Esiason]], 1988


===AFL/NFL Rookie of the Year===
*Antipsychotic drugs
*[[Paul Robinson (American football player)|Paul Robinson]], 1968
*[[Greg Cook]], 1969
*[[Eddie Brown]], 1985


===Coach of the Year===
Both [[typical antipsychotics]] (such as [[Haloperidol]]) and [[atypical antipsychotics]] such as ([[risperidone]]) increases the risk of death in dementia-associated psychosis.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fda.gov/medwatch/safety/2008/safety08.htm#Antipsychotics |title=FDA MedWatch - 2008 Safety Alerts for Human Medical Products |format= |work=FDA |accessdate=}}</ref> Antipsychotics are therefore not indicated for the treatment of dementia-related psychosis.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fda.gov/medwatch/safety/2008/safety08.htm#Antipsychotics |title=FDA MedWatch - 2008 Safety Alerts for Human Medical Products |format= |work=FDA |accessdate=}}</ref>
*[[Paul Brown]], 1969, 1970
*[[Forrest Gregg]], 1981


==Prevention==
==Coaches of note==
===Head coaches===
{{Main|Prevention of dementia}}
{{main|List of Cincinnati Bengals head coaches}}
It appears that the regular moderate consumption of alcohol (beer, wine, or distilled spirits) and a Mediterranean diet may reduce risk.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Mukamal KJ, Kuller LH, Fitzpatrick AL, Longstreth WT, Mittleman MA, Siscovick DS |title=Prospective study of alcohol consumption and risk of dementia in older adults |journal=JAMA |volume=289 |issue=11 |pages=1405–13 |year=2003 |month=March |pmid=12636463 |doi=10.1001/jama.289.11.1405 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Ganguli M, Vander Bilt J, Saxton JA, Shen C, Dodge HH |title=Alcohol consumption and cognitive function in late life: a longitudinal community study |journal=Neurology |volume=65 |issue=8 |pages=1210–7 |year=2005 |month=October |pmid=16247047 |doi=10.1212/01.wnl.0000180520.35181.24 |url=}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Huang W, Qiu C, Winblad B, Fratiglioni L |title=Alcohol consumption and incidence of dementia in a community sample aged 75 years and older |journal=J Clin Epidemiol |volume=55 |issue=10 |pages=959–64 |year=2002 |month=October |pmid=12464371 |doi=10.1016/S0895-4356(02)00462-6 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Sofi F, Cesari F, Abbate R, Gensini GF, Casini A |title=Adherence to Mediterranean diet and health status: meta-analysis |journal=BMJ |volume=337 |issue= |pages=a1344 |year=2008 |pmid=18786971 |pmc=2533524 |doi=10.1136/bmj.a1344 }}</ref> A study has shown a link between high blood pressure and developing dementia. The study, published in the Lancet Neurology journal July 2008, found that blood pressure lowering medication reduced dementia by 13%.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Fillit H, Nash DT, Rundek T, Zuckerman A |title=Cardiovascular risk factors and dementia |journal=Am J Geriatr Pharmacother |volume=6 |issue=2 |pages=100–18 |year=2008 |month=June |pmid=18675769 |doi=10.1016/j.amjopharm.2008.06.004 |url=}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Peters R, Beckett N, Forette F, ''et al'' |title=Incident dementia and blood pressure lowering in the Hypertension in the Very Elderly Trial cognitive function assessment (HYVET-COG): a double-blind, placebo controlled trial |journal=Lancet Neurol |volume=7 |issue=8 |pages=683–9 |year=2008 |month=August |pmid=18614402 |doi=10.1016/S1474-4422(08)70143-1 |url=}}</ref>


*[[Paul Brown]] (1968&ndash;1975)
==Risk to self and others==
*[[Bill "Tiger" Johnson]] (1976&ndash;1978)
[[Driving]] with dementia could lead to severe injury or even death to self and others. Doctors should advise appropriate testing on when to quit driving.<ref>[http://www.cbc.ca/health/story/2007/09/19/drivers-dementia.html?ref=rss Drivers with dementia a growing problem, MDs warn, CBC News, Canada], September 19, 2007</ref>
*[[Homer Rice]] (1978&ndash;1979)
*[[Forrest Gregg]] (1980&ndash;1983)
*[[Sam Wyche]] (1984&ndash;1991)
*[[Dave Shula]] (1992&ndash;1996)
*[[Bruce Coslet]] (1996&ndash;2000)
*[[Dick LeBeau]] (2000&ndash;2002)
*[[Marvin Lewis]] (2003&ndash;present)


===Current staff===
Florida's [[Baker Act]] allows law enforcement and the judiciary to force [[mental evaluation]] for those suspected of suffering from dementia or other mental [[Incapacity|incapacities]].{{Fact|date=March 2008}}
{{Cincinnati Bengals staff}}


==Radio and television==
==Services==
{{As of|2008}}, the Bengals flagship radio stations are [[WCKY (AM)|WCKY]], "1530 The Homer" and [[WEBN]]-FM, with [[WLW]] AM 700 joining in following the end of the [[Cincinnati Reds|Reds']] season. [[Brad Johansen]] and former Bengals [[offensive lineman]] [[Dave Lapham]], who started in 1985, form the announcing team. Most preseason and regular season games, are telecast on [[WKRC-TV]], channel 12, the [[CBS]] affiliate. [[Paul Keels]] and [[Anthony Munoz]] are the TV announcers for the preseason games. Games that feature an NFC opponent playing at Paul Brown Stadium will be televised on [[WXIX]], channel 19, the local FOX affiliate.
[[Adult daycare]] centers as well as special care units in nursing homes often provide specialized care for dementia patients. Adult daycare centers offer supervision, recreation, meals, and limited health care to participants, as well as providing respite for caregivers.


Phil Samp was the Bengals original play-by-play announcer from 1968-1990. Ken Broo (1991-1995), [[Paul Keels]] (1996) and [[Pete Arbogast]] (1997-2000) have also done radio play-by-play for the Bengals.
==See also==
* [[Caregiving and dementia]]
* [[Montessori-Based Dementia Programming]]
* [[Alcohol dementia]]
* [[Sundowning (dementia)]]
* [[Wandering (dementia)]]


==Notes and references==
==References==
{{reflist}}
===Notes===
{{reflist|2}}


===External links===
==External links==
* [http://www.ahaf.org/alzheimers/ Alzheimer's Disease Research]
*[http://www.bengals.com/ Cincinnati Bengals official web site]
*[http://www.sportsecyclopedia.com/nfl/cincy/bengals.html Sports E-Cyclopedia.com]
* [http://www.alzheimers-research.org.uk/info/dementia/ Alzheimer's Research Trust - What is dementia?] - Information produced by the Alzheimer's Research Trust including statistics.
* [http://www.alzheimers.org.uk/site/scripts/documents.php?categoryID=200120 Alzheimer's Society - About dementia] - Information produced by the Alzheimer's Society including factsheets and support.
* [http://www.knowledgenetwork.ca/beyondmemory/index.html An Documentary About Dementia Produced by Knowledge Network]
* [http://www.brad.ac.uk/acad/health/dementia/index.php] Bradford Dementia Group - provide education, training and research on dementia care
* [http://www.sciencedaily.com/news/mind_brain/dementia/ Dementia Research News from ScienceDaily]
* [http://www.dementia.stir.ac.uk The Dementia Services Development Centre, University of Stirling]
* [http://www.ehr.chime.ucl.ac.uk/display/demcare/Home Dementia tutorial for U.K. practitioners by the Alzheimer's Society]
* {{PDFlink|[http://changeagentteam.org.uk/_library/docs/Housing/Telecare/Telecare_gettingstarted.pdf Getting Started in Telecare for Patients with Dementia]|897&nbsp;[[Kibibyte|KiB]]<!-- application/pdf, 918906 bytes -->}}
* [http://www.dementiaguide.ca/aboutdementia/understanding/ Understanding Dementia: a primer of diagnosis and management]
*[http://alzonline.phhp.ufl.edu AlzOnline] - AlzOnline provides education, information, and support to persons caring for someone with Alzheimer's disease or a related memory problem.
* [http://www.olderpeoplesmentalhealth.csip.org.uk CSIP National Older Persons Mental Health Programme] Includes an involvement toolkit with tips on how people with dementia can get involved in the planning, development and evaluation of services
* [http://www.dasninternational.org Dementia Advocacy and Support Network]
* [http://www.bradford.ac.uk/health/dementia/dcm/index.php Dementia Care Mapping] Bradford Dementia Group
* {{GPnotebook|-1650851840|Dementia}}
* {{EMedicineConsumer|38533-1}}
* {{MedlinePlusOverview|Dementia}}
* {{MerckGeriatrics|5|40|a}}


{{Cincinnati Bengals|width=100}}
{{Mental and behavioural disorders}}
{{BengalsCoach}}
{{NFL}}
{{AFL (1960 - 1969)}}
{{Ohio Sports}}


[[Category:Aging-associated diseases]]
[[Category:Sports clubs established in 1968]]
[[Category:Cognitive disorders]]
[[Category:American Football League]]
[[Category:Neurology]]
[[Category:Cincinnati Bengals]]
[[Category:Neurobiological brain disorder]]
[[Category:National Football League teams]]
[[Category:Psychiatry]]


[[ca:Cincinnati Bengals]]
[[ar:خرف]]
[[da:Cincinnati Bengals]]
[[gn:Tarova]]
[[de:Cincinnati Bengals]]
[[bg:Деменция]]
[[es:Cincinnati Bengals]]
[[cs:Demence]]
[[fa:سینسینتی بنگالز]]
[[da:Demens]]
[[fr:Bengals de Cincinnati]]
[[de:Demenz]]
[[he:סינסינטי בנגלס]]
[[et:Dementsus]]
[[hi:सिनसिनाटी बेन्गल्स]]
[[es:Demencia]]
[[id:Cincinnati Bengals]]
[[eo:Demenco]]
[[it:Cincinnati Bengals]]
[[eu:Dementzia]]
[[hu:Cincinnati Bengals]]
[[fr:Démence]]
[[nl:Cincinnati Bengals]]
[[ga:Néaltrú]]
[[ja:シンシナティ・ベンガルズ]]
[[ko:치매]]
[[pl:Cincinnati Bengals]]
[[hr:Demencija]]
[[pt:Cincinnati Bengals]]
[[it:Demenza]]
[[ru:Цинциннати Бенгалс]]
[[he:שיטיון]]
[[simple:Cincinnati Bengals]]
[[ku:Demenza]]
[[sv:Cincinnati Bengals]]
[[lv:Plānprātība]]
[[uk:Цинциннаті Бенгалс]]
[[lt:Silpnaprotystė]]
[[zh:辛辛那提孟加拉虎]]
[[mk:Деменција]]
[[mt:Demenzja]]
[[ms:Penyakit Dementia]]
[[nl:Dementie]]
[[ja:認知症]]
[[no:Demens]]
[[pl:Demencja]]
[[pt:Demência]]
[[ru:Деменция]]
[[scn:Demenza]]
[[simple:Dementia]]
[[sk:Demencia]]
[[sl:Demenca]]
[[sr:Деменција]]
[[fi:Dementia]]
[[sv:Demens]]
[[th:ภาวะสมองเสื่อม]]
[[vi:Chứng mất trí]]
[[tr:Demans]]
[[ur:خرف]]
[[zh:失智症]]

Revision as of 04:31, 10 March 2009

Cincinnati Bengals
Cincinnati Bengals logo
Cincinnati Bengals logo
Logo
Established 1968
Play in Cincinnati, Ohio
League / conference affiliations
American Football League (1968-1969)
  • Western Division (1968-1969)

National Football League (1970–present)

Uniforms
File:AFCN-Uniform-CIN.PNG
Team colorsBlack, orange, white      
MascotWho Dey
Personnel
Owner(s)Mike Brown
General managerMike Brown
Head coachMarvin Lewis
Team history
  • Cincinnati Bengals (1968–present)
Championships
League championships (0)
Conference championships (2)
  • AFC: 1981, 1988
Division championships (6)
  • AFC Central: 1970, 1973, 1981, 1988, 1990
  • AFC North: 2005
Playoff appearances (8)
  • NFL: 1970, 1973, 1975, 1981, 1982, 1988, 1990, 2005
Home fields
This article is about the current Cincinnati Bengals team of the National Football League. For American Football League team of the same name (1937–1941), see Cincinnati Bengals (AFL).

The Cincinnati Bengals are a professional American football team based in Cincinnati, Ohio. It is currently a member of the North Division of the American Football Conference (AFC) in the National Football League (NFL). Their first season, 1968, was as an American Football League franchise, but they joined the NFL as part of the 1970 AFL-NFL Merger, which had actually been agreed to in 1966. During that time, they have never won a Super Bowl.

The Bengals currently conduct summer training camp at Georgetown College in Georgetown, Kentucky and play home games at Paul Brown Stadium in Downtown Cincinnati.

Franchise history

Further information: History of the Cincinnati Bengals

In 1966, Paul Brown wanted to become involved in professional football again. James A. Rhodes, then the governor of Ohio, convinced Brown that Ohio needed a second team. Cincinnati was deemed the logical choice, in essence, splitting the state.

Brown named the team the Bengals in order "to give it a link with past professional football in Cincinnati." [1] Another Bengals team existed in the city and played in a three previous American Football Leagues[2] from 1937 to 1942. The city's renowned zoo was also home to a rare white Bengal Tiger. However, possibly as an insult to Art Modell, Paul Brown chose the exact shade of orange used by his former team. He added black as the secondary color. Brown chose a very simple logo: the word "BENGALS" in black lettering. Ironically, one of the potential helmet designs Brown rejected was a striped motif that was similar to the helmets adopted by the team in 1981 and which is still in use to this day; however, that design featured orange stripes on a black helmet which were more uniform in width.

However, Brown was not a supporter of the rival American Football League, stating that "I didn't pay ten million dollars to be in the AFL." [3]. He only acquiesced to joining the AFL when he was guaranteed that the team would become an NFL franchise after the impending merger of the two leagues.

There was also a complication: the Major League Baseball Cincinnati Reds were in need of a facility to replace the antiquated, obsolete Crosley Field, which they had used since 1912. Parking nightmares had plagued the city as far back as the 1950s, the little park lacked modern amenities, and New York City, which in 1957 had lost both their National League teams, the Dodgers and the Giants to Los Angeles and San Francisco, respectively, were actively courting Powel Crosley. However, Crosley was adamant that the Reds remain in Cincinnati and tolerated worsening problems with the Crosley Field location, which were increased with the Millcreek Expressway (I-75) project that ran alongside the park.

With assistance from Ohio governor James A. Rhodes, Hamilton County and the Cincinnati city council agreed to build a single multi-purpose facility on the dilapidated riverfront section of the city. The new facility had to be ready by the opening of the 1970 NFL season and was officially named Riverfront Stadium, which was its working title.

With the completion of the merger in 1970, the Cleveland Browns were moved to the AFL-based American Football Conference and placed in the AFC Central, the same division as the Bengals. An instant rivalry was born, fueled initially by Paul Brown's rivalry with Art Modell.

For their inaugural season they played at Nippert Stadium which is the current home of the University of Cincinnati Bearcats. The team finished its first season with a 3–11 record, although one bright spot was running back Paul Robinson. Robinson rushed for 1,023 yards and was named the AFL Rookie of the Year.

Founder Paul Brown coached the team for its first eight seasons. One of Brown’s college draft strategies was to draft players with above average intelligence. Punter/wide receiver Pat McInally attended Harvard and linebacker Reggie Williams attended Dartmouth College and served on Cincinnati city council while on the Bengals’ roster. Because of this policy, many former players were highly articulate and went on to have successful careers in commentary and broadcasting as well as the arts. In addition, Brown had a knack for locating and recognizing pro football talent in unusual places.

In the '70s the Bengals moved to play at Riverfront Stadium, a home they shared with the Cincinnati Reds until the team moved to Paul Brown Stadium in 2000. The team would reach the playoffs three times during that decade, but could not win any of those postseason games. In 1975, the team posted an 11-3 record, giving them what is to this day the highest winning percentage (.786) in franchise history. But it only earned them a Wild Card spot in the playoffs, behind the 12–2 Pittsburgh Steelers, who went on to win the Super Bowl, and Bengals lost to the Oakland Raiders 31–28 in the divisional playoffs.

The Bengals would reach the Super Bowl twice during the 1980s, but lost both times to the San Francisco 49ers. Then after appearing in the playoffs in 1990, Paul Brown died. He had already transferred control to his son, Mike Brown, but was reported to still influence the daily operations of the team. The Bengals' fortunes changed for the worse as the team would post 14 consecutive non-winning seasons. The Bengals began to emerge from that dismal period into a new era of increased consistency after hiring Marvin Lewis as head coach in 2003. Carson Palmer, the future star quarterback, was drafted in 2003 but did not play a snap that whole season, as Jon Kitna had a comeback year (voted NFL Comeback Player of the Year). Despite Kitna's success, Carson was promoted to starting quarterback the following season. Under Carson, the team advanced to the playoffs for the first time since 1990 in the 2005 season, which marked the first time the team had a winning percentage above .500 since 1990.

Meanwhile, Paul Brown Stadium was built for the 2000 season using private and public money. In tribute to his father, Mike Brown refused corporate offers to have the stadium renamed for their company which became a trend in the NFL and other sports teams around that time.

Under the ownership of Mike Brown, the Bengals remain one of five NFL teams without a General Manager--the other four being the Dallas Cowboys (with owner Jerry Jones legally serving as his own GM), the New England Patriots, the Oakland Raiders (with owner Al Davis in a similar capacity to Jones) and the Washington Redskins (with Daniel Snyder in a similar role to Mike Brown and serving as the de facto GM without the title).

Logo and uniforms

File:AFC-Throwback2-Uniform-CIN.PNG
Cincinnati Bengals uniform: 1973-1980
File:AFCN-Uniform-combination-CIN.png
Cincinnati Bengals uniform combinations
File:AFC-Throwback-Uniform-CIN.PNG
Cincinnati Bengals uniform: 1997-2003

When the team debuted in 1968, the Bengals' uniforms were modeled after the Cleveland Browns. When Paul Brown was fired by Art Modell, Brown still had ownership of the equipment used by Cleveland. So after the firing, Paul Brown packed up all his equipment, which he then used for his new team in Cincinnati. The Cleveland Browns' team colors were orange, brown and white, and their helmets were solid orange with a white dorsal stripe over the crest.

The Bengals' team colors were orange, black and white, and their helmets were a similar shade of orange, with the only variations being the word "Bengals" in block letters on either side of the helmet and no stripe on the helmet. The Cincinnati Bengals were unique in the NFL as they did not have uniform numbers on the players sleeves until the 1980 season.

File:CinLeapTiger.gif
The sleeve design of the Bengals added to the uniform in 1997.

The team did not discard their Cleveland-like uniforms until 1981. During that year, a then-unique uniform design was introduced. Although the team kept black jerseys, white jerseys, and white pants, they were now trimmed with orange and black tiger stripes. The team also introduced orange helmets with black tiger stripes.

File:CinTigerHead.gif
An alternate logo of the Bengals introduced in 1997.

In 1997, the Bengals designed an alternate logo consisting of a leaping tiger, and it was added to the uniform sleeves. They also designed an alternate logo consisting of a Bengal's head facing to the left. However, the orange helmet with black tiger stripes continued to be the team's primary trademark.

In 2004, a new tiger stripe pattern and more accents were added to the uniforms. The black jerseys now featured orange sleeves, while the white jerseys began to use black sleeves and orange shoulders. A new logo consisting of an orange "B" covered with black tiger stripes was introduced. The team also started rotating black pants and debuted an alternate orange jersey.

The Bengals have primarily worn their black uniforms at home throughout their history, except during the 1970 and 1971 seasons, when the Bengals wore white at home for the entire season. In 2001 and 2002 the Bengals wore white at home for preseason games as well as September home games due to the heat. Since 2005, the Bengals only wear white during early September home games.

Contributions to NFL culture

No Huddle Offense

A No-Huddle Offense was commonly used by all teams when time in the game was running low. However, Sam Wyche, the head coach of the Bengals in 1988, along with offensive coordinator Bruce Coslet, made the high-paced offense the standard modality for the ball club regardless of time remaining. By quickly setting up for the next play (often within 5-10 seconds after the last play despite being afforded 45 seconds) this hindered the other teams' defense from substituting situational players, regrouping for tactics, and, some suggest, increased the defenses' rate of fatigue (This is attributed to the belief that the offense dictates when a play starts so they tend to be more mentally relaxed and prepared for the start of a play where the defense must remain on a different level of alert before the play starts). In response to this tactic the NFL instituted several rules related to this tactic:

  • Allowing the defense ample time for substitutions (if offensive substitutions are made)
  • If a player's injury causes the play-clock to stop, the player must sit out at least one play
  • Charging a time-out to a team when a player is injured within a certain time period of the game

The tactic was used by the franchise from the late 80s while Sam Wyche was the coach. The main rivals for AFC supremacy were the Buffalo Bills, coached by Marv Levy. Most of the high-profile games (the various games for AFC Conference titles and regular season games) between the two led to these changes in NFL rules.

Wyche recalled that before the '88 AFC title game the Buffalo Bills had seemingly convinced league officials to penalize the Bengals for running a no-huddle offense. In a statement made to the Bengals' press in 2005, he relayed "The NFL was nice enough to come to us an hour and 55 minutes before the game and tell us we would be given a 15-yard penalty every time we used it. Of course we had practiced it all week. We told them if they wanted to answer to the public for changing the competitive balance of the AFC championship game, that was up to them, but we were using it. They never dropped a flag."

West Coast Offense/Paul Brown's Offense

The West Coast Offense, which is commonly employed by many teams (most notably, it was used by San Francisco during their dynasty, and the Buffalo Bills during their domination of the AFC) is the popular name for the high-percentage passing scheme designed by former Bengals assistant Bill Walsh. This play scheme was used by Ken Anderson during the Bengals' initial Super Bowl run.

Paul Brown Stadium

Mike Brown, the current owner of the Bengals, named the new stadium after his Pro Football Hall of Famer father, Paul Brown, resisting offers to sell the naming rights for the stadium.

Season-by-season records

Main article: Cincinnati Bengals seasons

Players of note

Current roster

Cincinnati Bengals roster
Quarterbacks (QB)

Running backs (RB)

Wide receivers (WR)

Tight ends (TE)

Offensive linemen (OL)

Defensive linemen (DL)

Linebackers (LB)

Defensive backs (DB)

Special teams

Practice squad

Reserve


As of November 15, 2024. Rookies in italics.

53 active, 9 reserve, 15 practice squad

Pro Football Hall of Famers

Retired numbers

NFL Most Valuable Player

AFL/NFL Rookie of the Year

Coach of the Year

Coaches of note

Head coaches

Main article: List of Cincinnati Bengals head coaches

Current staff

Cincinnati Bengals staff
Front office
  • Owner/president – Mike Brown
  • Executive vice president – Katie Blackburn
  • Vice president – Troy Blackburn
  • Vice president of player personnel – Paul Brown Jr.
  • Director of player personnel – Duke Tobin
  • Senior personnel executive – Trey Brown
  • College scouting director – Mike Potts
  • Pro scouting director – Steven Radicivec
Head coach
Offensive coaches
  • Offensive coordinator – Dan Pitcher
  • Passing game coordinator – Justin Rascati
  • Quarterbacks – Brad Kragthorpe
  • Assistant quarterbacks – Fredi Knighten
  • Running backs – Justin Hill
  • Wide receivers – Troy Walters
  • Tight ends – James Casey
  • Offensive line/run game coordinator – Frank Pollack
  • Assistant offensive line – Derek Frazier
  • Offensive assistant – Jordan Salkin
  
Defensive coaches
Special teams coaches
Strength and conditioning
  • Strength and conditioning – Joey Boese
  • Assistant strength and conditioning – Todd Hunt
  • Assistant strength and conditioning – Garrett Swanson
Football operations
  • Chief of coaching staff – Doug Rosfeld

→ Coaching staff
→ Front office
→ More NFL staffs

Radio and television

As of 2008, the Bengals flagship radio stations are WCKY, "1530 The Homer" and WEBN-FM, with WLW AM 700 joining in following the end of the Reds' season. Brad Johansen and former Bengals offensive lineman Dave Lapham, who started in 1985, form the announcing team. Most preseason and regular season games, are telecast on WKRC-TV, channel 12, the CBS affiliate. Paul Keels and Anthony Munoz are the TV announcers for the preseason games. Games that feature an NFC opponent playing at Paul Brown Stadium will be televised on WXIX, channel 19, the local FOX affiliate.

Phil Samp was the Bengals original play-by-play announcer from 1968-1990. Ken Broo (1991-1995), Paul Keels (1996) and Pete Arbogast (1997-2000) have also done radio play-by-play for the Bengals.

Notes and references

  1. ^ History - Cincinnati Bengals
  2. ^ AFL II 1937, AFL/APFA 1939, AFL III 1940-1941
  3. ^ Paul Brown
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