Darul Uloom Deoband: Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox University
{{Infobox University
|name = Darul Uloom Deoband
|name = Daarul ‘Uloom Deoband
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|image_name =
|native_name = دارالعلوم دیوبند<br/>दारुल उलूम देवबंद
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|image = [[File:Daarul ‘Uloom Deoband logo.gif]]
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|image_name =
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|image_size =
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|image =[[image:Jameah Darul Uloom Deoband.jpg|300px]]
|caption =
|caption =
|latin_name =
|latin_name =
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|tagline =
|tagline =
|established = 1866
|established = 1866
|type = [[Islamic University]]
|type = [[Islaamic University]]
|endowment =
|endowment =
|staff =
|staff =
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|principal =
|principal =
|rector =
|rector =
|chancellor = Majlis-e-Shoora
|chancellor = [[Majlis-e-Shooraa]]
|vice_chancellor = Abul Qasim Nomani
|vice_chancellor =Mufti [[Abul Qaasim Nu’maani]]
|Acting Vice_Chancellor =Mufti [[Abul Qaasim Nu'maani]]
|head_label = Acting Vice Chancellor
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|head = Abul Qasim Nomani
|dean =
|dean =
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|head_label =
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|head =
|students =
|students =
|undergrad =
|undergrad =
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|doctoral =
|doctoral =
|profess =
|profess =
|city = {{flagicon|IND}} [[Deoband]]
|city = [[Deoband]]
|state = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
|state = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
|country = [[India]]
|country = [[India]]
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|logo =
|logo =
}}
}}
The '''Darul Uloom Deoband''' ({{lang-hi|दारुल उलूम देवबन्द}}, {{lang-ur|'''دارالعلوم دیوبند'''}}) is an [[Darul Uloom|Islamic school]] in India where the [[Deobandi Islamic movement]] was started. It is located at [[Deoband]], a town in [[Saharanpur district]] of [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[India]]. It was founded in 1866 by several prominent Islamic scholars ([[Ulema]]), headed by Maulana [[Muhammad Qasim Nanotvi]]. The other prominent founding scholars were Maulana [[Rasheed Ahmed Gangohi]] and Haji Saiyyid 'abid Husaiyn. The institution is highly respected across the [[India]], as well as in other parts of the [[Indian subcontinent]].
The '''Daarul ‘Uloom Deoband''' ({{lang-hi|दारुल उलूम देवबन्द}}, {{lang-ur|دارالعلوم دیوبند}}) is an [[Daarul ‘Uloom|Islaamic school]] in India and is where the [[Deobandi Islaamic movement]] was started. It is located at [[Deoband]], a town in Saharanpur district of [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[India]]. It was founded in 1866 by several prominent Islaamic scholars ([['Ulamaa]]), headed by Maulaana [[Muhammad Qaasim Naanautawi]]. The other prominent founding scholars were [[Maulaana Rasheed Ahmad Gangohi]] and Haaji Saiyyid 'Aabid Husaiyn. The institution is highly respected across the [[India]], as well as in other parts of the [[Indian subcontinent]].


A large group of scholars at the Darul Uloom Deoband had opposed the establishment of a state established along sectarian lines, particularly the demands of [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]]'s [[All-India Muslim League|Muslim League]] for the [[Partition of India|Partition]] of [[British Raj|British India]] into Muslim and non-Muslim sections.<ref>Abdus-Sattar Ghazzali [http://www.ghazali.net/book1/contents.htm ''ISLAMIC PAKISTAN: ILLUSIONS & REALITY'']</ref><ref>A History of Pakistan and Its Origins By Christophe Jaffrelot, Gillian Beaumont, p. 224, ISBN 1-84331-149-6.</ref> It has been suggested that the real reason for their opposition to Partition was their desire to Islamize all of India.<ref>[http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/intro/islam-barelvi.htm Barelvi Islam]. globalsecurity.org</ref> Maulana [[Husain Ahmad Madani]] was one of the scholars who opposed the idea of Pakistan. He was also Shaiykhul-Hadees (Chief of [[Hadith|Hadees]] department) of Darul Uloom Deoband and led the [[Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind]], an organization of the 'Ulama, that saw nothing Islamic in the idea of Pakistan. He said: "All should endeavour jointly for such a democratic government in which Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs, Christians and Parsis are included. Such a freedom is in accordance with Islam." The school advocates an orthodox version of Islam and has repeatedly distanced itself from religious extremism. While it has often seemed to distance itself from religious extremism, it has also courted controversy in free speech cases, for instance in January 2012 when it issued a fatwa calling for author [[Salman Rushdie]] to be barred from entering India to attend a literature festival because he had "hurt Muslim sentiments".<ref>Darul Uloom, Farangimahal, fatwa on Rushdie Jaipur visit http://www.siasat.com/english/news/darul-uloom-farangimahal-fatwa-rushdie-jaipur-visit</ref><ref>Cleric seeks apology from Rushdie http://kashmirmonitor.org/01192012-ND-cleric-seeks-apology-from-rushdie-18875.aspx</ref>
A large group of scholars at the Daarul ‘Uloom Deoband had opposed the establishment of a state established along sectarian lines, particularly the demands of [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]]'s [[All-India Muslim League|Muslim League]] for the [[Partition of India|Partition]] of [[British Raj|British India]] into Muslim and non-Muslim sections.<ref>ISLAAMIC PAKISTAN: ILLUSIONS & REALITY, by 'Abdus-Sattaar Ghazzaali.</ref><ref>A History of Pakistan and Its Origins By Christophe Jaffrelot, Gillian Beaumont, page: 224, ISBN 1-84331-149-6.</ref> It has been suggested that the real reason for their opposition to Partition was their desire to Islaamize all of India.<ref>http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/intro/islam-barelvi.htm</ref> Maulaana [[Husaiyn Ahmad Madani]] was one of the scholars who opposed the idea of Pakistan. He was also Shaiykhul-Hadees (Chief of [[Hadees]] department) of Daarul ‘Uloom Deoband and led the [[Jam'iyyat 'Ulamaa-e-Hind]], an organization of the 'Ulamaa, that saw nothing Islaamic in the idea of Pakistan. He said: "All should endeavour jointly for such a democratic government in which Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs, Christians and Parsis are included. Such a freedom is in accordance with Islaam." The school advocates an orthodox version of Islaam and has repeatedly distanced itself from religious extremism.


==Background==
==Background==
[[image:Deoband.jpg|thumb|300px|left]]
{{Deobandi}}
{{Deobandi}}
In 1857, the British [[East India Company]] put down with a heavy hand the independence movement begun by disparate north Indian forces, conducted in the name of the otherwise powerless [[Bahadur Shah II|Bahadur Shah Zafar Gurakani]]. Emperor Zafar became the last Mughal Emperor, for he was deposed the following year and exiled to Burma, with many of his sons put to death. This marked a seminal moment for Indo-Islamic consciousness, specifically for the established Muslim elites of north India, who tended to view the defeat of 1857 as the end of their political pre-eminence and the beginning of what could be a dark period of Muslim history in India.
In 1857, the British [[Honorable East India Company|East India Company]] put down with a heavy hand the independence movement begun by disparate north Indian forces, conducted in the name of the otherwise powerless [[Bahaadur Shaah II|Bahaadur Shaah Zafar Gurakani]]. Emperor Zafar became the last Mughal Emperor, for he was deposed the following year and exiled to Burma, with many of his sons put to death. This marked a seminal moment for Indo-Islaamic consciousness, specifically for the established Muslim elites of north India, who tended to view the defeat of 1857 as the end of their political pre-eminence and the beginning of what could be a dark period of Muslim history in India.


In this situation, a group of learned theologians, led by Maulana [[Muhammad Qasim Nanotvi|Muhammad Qasim Nanautawi]], established the Darul ‘Uloom Seminary in the town of Deoband, in order to preserve Indo-Islamic culture and train the youth in Islamic knowledge. The foundation of Darul ‘Uloom Deoband was laid down in 1283 A.H. (21 May 1866 A.D.) beneath a pomegranate tree. Nanautawi claimed he had been inspired to do so by a dream in which the Prophet Muhammad spoke to him.<ref>[http://www.inter-islam.org/Pastevents/Jknowledge.html Knowledge – An odyssey – The Historic Journey]. Inter-islam.org. Retrieved on 2011-08-06.</ref> The pedagogical philosophy of Deoband was focused on teaching revealed Islamic sciences, known as Manqulat, to the Indian Muslim population, according to the [[Hanafi]] tradition. In this seminary, Nanautawi instituted modern methods of learning: Teaching in classrooms, a fixed and carefully selected curriculum, lectures by different faculties recognised as leaders in their fields, exam periods, merit prizes, a publishing press and so on. The faculty instructed its students primarily in [[Urdu]], the [[lingua franca]] of the urbanised section of the region, and supplemented it with study of [[Arabic]] (for theological reasons) and [[Persian language|Persian]] (for cultural and literary reasons). In due course, it also unwittingly cemented the growing association of the Urdu language with the north Indian Muslim community. The founders consciously decided to divorce the seminary from political or governmental participation. Instead, it was to run as an autonomous institution, supported by voluntary financial contributions from the Muslims at large.
In this situation, a group of learned theologians, led by Maulaana [[Muhammad Qaasim Naanautawi]], established the Daarul ‘Uloom Seminary in the town of Deoband, in order to preserve Indo-Islaamic culture and train the youth in Islaamic knowledge. The foundation of Daarul ‘Uloom Deoband was laid down in 1283 A.H. (21 May 1866 A.D.) beneath a pomegranate tree. Naanautawi claimed he had been inspired to do so by a dream in which the Prophet Muhammad spoke to him.<ref>Knowledge - An odyssey - The Historic Journey http://www.inter-islam.org/Pastevents/Jknowledge.html</ref> The pedagogical philosophy of Deoband was focused on teaching revealed Islaamic sciences, known as Manqoolaat, to the Indian Muslim population, according to the [[Hanafi]] tradition. In this seminary, Naanautawi instituted modern methods of learning: Teaching in classrooms, a fixed and carefully selected curriculum, lectures by different faculties recognised as leaders in their fields, exam periods, merit prizes, a publishing press and so on. The faculty instructed its students primarily in [[Urdu]], the [[lingua franca]] of the urbanized section of the region, and supplemented it with study of [[Arabic]] (for theological reasons) and [[Persian language|Persian]] (for cultural and literary reasons). In due course, it also unwittingly cemented the growing association of the Urdu language with the north Indian Muslim community. The founders consciously decided to divorce the seminary from political or governmental participation. Instead, it was to run as an autonomous institution, supported by voluntary financial contributions from the Muslims at large.


Its over 15,000 graduates have gone on to found many similar mandrasas across [[South Asia]] and further afield; the followers of this school of theology are often described as followers of the [[Deobandi]] school of thought.
Its over 15,000 graduates have gone on to found many similar Madaaris (schools) across [[South Asia]] and further afield; the followers of this school of theology are often described as followers of the [[Deobandi]] school of thought.


==Pattern of education==
==Pattern of education==
Deoband's curriculum is based on the 17th-century Indo-Islamic syllabus known as [[Dars-i-Nizami|Dars-e-Nizami]]. The core curriculum teaches Islamic law (''[[sharee'ah]]''), Islamic jurisprudence (''[[Fiqh]]''), traditional Islamic spirituality (''[[Tasawwuf]]'', which is the focus of [[Sufism]]), as well as several other fields of Islamic study.<ref>[http://darululoom-deoband.com/english/sys_of_edu/index.htm The System Of Education]. Darululoom-deoband.com. Retrieved on 2011-08-06.</ref><ref>Maulana [[Ashraf Ali Thanwi]], Sharee'at and Tasawwuf pp. 11, 112, 113</ref>
Deoband's curriculum is based on the 17th-century Indo-Islaamic syllabus known as [[Dars-e-Nizaami]]. The core curriculum teaches Islaamic law (''[[sharee'ah]]''), Islaamic jurisprudence (''[[Fiqh]]''), traditional Islaamic spirituality (''[[Tasawwuf]]'', which is the focus of [[Soofism]]), as well as several other fields of Islaamic study.<ref>[http://darululoom-deoband.com/english/sys_of_edu/index.htm The System Of Education<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref><ref>Mawlaana [[Ashraf 'Ali Thaanwi]], Sharee'at and Tasawwuf pg. 11, 112, 113</ref>


The current syllabus consists of four stages. The first three stages can be completed in a total of eight years. The final stage is a post-graduate stage where students specialize in a number of advanced topics, such as the sciences of [[Hadith|Hadees]], [[Fiqh]] and so on.
The current syllabus consists of four stages. The first three stages can be completed in a total of eight years. The final stage is a post-graduate stage where students specialize in a number of advanced topics, such as the sciences of [[Hadees]], [[Fiqh]] and so on.


==Impact of the Deoband School==
==Impact of the Deoband School==
<!-- Image with unknown copyright status removed: [[Image:Masjid Rasheed Deoband.jpg|thumb|right|Masjid Rasheed Deoband]] -->
Many Islamic schools throughout modern [[India]], [[Bangladesh]] and [[Pakistan]] – and more recently in [[Afghanistan]], the [[United Kingdom]], the [[United States]], [[South Africa]] – as well as in hundreds of other places throughout the world are affiliated, or theologically linked, to Darul 'Uloom Deoband. Famous seminaries have been established by its graduates, e.g. [[Darul-uloom Nadwatul Ulama|Nadwatul 'Ulama]] in [[Lucknow]], [[Madrasah In'amiyyah]] <ref>[http://www.alinam.org.za/Madrasah In'amiyyah] Madrasah In'amiyyah</ref> Camperdown, near [[Durban]] in [[South Africa]], and three important seminaries in Pakistan, viz. [[Darul 'Uloom Karachi]], [[Jamia Ashrafia|Jami'ah Ashrafiyah]] [[Lahore]],<ref>[http://www.ashrafia.org.pk/index.html Welcome to Ashrafia Islamic University Lahore]. Ashrafia.org.pk (1947-09-14). Retrieved on 2011-08-06.</ref> and Jami'ah Ziyaul-Qur'an (Al-Ma'ruf Bagh-Wali Masjid), [[Faisalabad]]. As the official website of the Darul ‘Uloom proclaims in flowery language, 'the whole of Asia is redolent with the aroma of this Prophetic garden.'
Many Islaamic schools throughout modern [[India]], [[Bangladesh]] and [[Pakistan]] - and more recently in [[Afghanistan]], the [[United Kingdom]], the [[United States]], [[South Africa]] - as well as in hundreds of other places throughout the world are affiliated, or theologically linked, to Daarul ‘Uloom Deoband. Famous seminaries have been established by its graduates, e.g. [[Nadwatul 'Ulamaa]] in [[Lucknow]], [[Madrasah In'aamiyyah]] <ref>[http://www.alinaam.org.za/Madrasah In'aamiyyah] Madrasah In'aamiyyah</ref> Camperdown, near [[Durban]] in [[South Africa]], and three important seminaries in Pakistan, viz. [[Daarul ‘Uloom Karachi]], [[Jaami'ah]] Ashrafiyah [[Lahore]],<ref>http://www.ashrafia.org.pk/index.html</ref> and Jaami'ah Ziyaaul-Qur'aan (Al-Ma'roof Baagh-Waali Masjid), [[Faisalabad]]. As the official website of the Daarul ‘Uloom proclaims in flowery language, 'the whole of Asia is redolent with the aroma of this Prophetic garden.'


==India's Independence Movement==
==India's Independence Movement==
In the meeting of the [[Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind]] at [[Calcutta]], in 1926, the participants included graduates of Darul ‘Uloom, Deoband and they supported the group which called for complete independence of India from the [[British India|British]] rule. [[Indian National Congress]] was to declare complete independence as its goal three years later, in its session at [[Lahore]].
In the meeting of the [[Jam'iyyat 'Ulamaa-e-Hind]] at [[Calcutta]], in 1926, the participants included graduates of Daarul ‘Uloom, Deoband and they supported the group which called for complete independence of India from the [[British India|British]] rule. [[Indian National Congress]] was to declare complete independence as its goal three years later, in its session at [[Lahore]].


The famous freedom fighter [[Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan]], who visited Darul ‘Uloom during his visit to India in 1969, had said:<ref>[http://www.darululoom-deoband.com Official website of Darul ‘Uloom Deoband]. Darululoom-deoband.com. Retrieved on 2011-08-06.</ref> "I have had relation with Darul ‘Uloom since the time the Shaiykhul-Hind, [[Maulana Mehmud Hasan]], was alive. Sitting here, we used to make plans for the independence movement, as to how we might drive away the English from this country and how we could make India free from the yoke of slavery of the [[British Raj]]. This institution has made great efforts for the freedom of this country".
The famous freedom fighter [[Khaan 'Abdul Ghaffaar Khaan]], who visited Daarul ‘Uloom during his visit to India in 1969, had said<ref>http://www.darululoom-deoband.com Official website of Daarul ‘Uloom Deoband</ref>: "I have had relation with Daarul ‘Uloom since the time the Shaiykhul-Hind, [[Maulaana Mahmood Hasan]], was alive. Sitting here, we used to make plans for the independence movement, as to how we might drive away the English from this country and how we could make India free from the yoke of slavery of the [[British Raj]]. This institution has made great efforts for the freedom of this country".


==Alumni scholars==
==Alumni scholars==
The school has produced a large number of notable scholars. Among the most famous are:
The Deoband school of Islaamic Sciences has produced a large number of notable scholars. Among the most famous are:
* Maulana [[Ghulam Murshid]] (He also remained honorary [[Khateeb]] at [[Badshahi Mosque]], [[Lahore]] for more than five decades.)
* [[Maulaana Ghulaam Murshid]] (He also remained honorary [[Khateeb]] at [[BaadeShaahi Mosque]], [[Lahore]] for more than five decades.)
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* [[Maulaana Mahmood Hasan|Mahmoodul Hasan]]
* [[Anwar Shah Kashmiri]]
* [[Syed Ata Ullah Shah Bukhari]]
* [[Anwar Shaah Kashmiri]]
* Saiyyid 'Ataaullaah Shaah Bukhaari
* [[Shabbir Ahmad Usmani]]
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* [[Mufti Mohammad Na'eem Ludhyaanvi]]
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* [[Ubaidullah Sindhi]]
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* [[Maulaana Habeebur Rahmaan Ludhyaanvi]]
* [[Husain Ahmed Madani]]
* [[Ashraf Ali Thanwi]]
* [[Shabbeer Ahmad 'Usmaani]]
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* [['Ubaiydullaah Sindhi]]
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* [[Muhammad Ilyas al-Kandhlawi]]
* [[Abul Hasan Ali Hasani Nadwi]]
* [[Husaiyn Ahmad Madani]]
* [[Ashraf 'Ali Thaanwi]]
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* [[Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat]] (Chief Minister of [[Kelantan]] State, [[Malaysia]])
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* [[Muhammad Shafi 'Usmaani]]
* [[Ghulam Mustafa Qasmi]] ([[Sindh]], [[Pakistan]])
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* Qaari Muhammad Taiyyib Qaasmi (President of Khatm-e-Nubuwwat Movement, Hong Kong, China).
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* Maulaana 'Abdul Majeed Nadeem Shaah
* [[Muhammad Ilyaas]] Kaandhalvi
* [[Abul Hasan 'Ali Nadwi]]
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* [[Nik Azeez Nik Mat]] (Chief Minister of [[Kelantan]] State, [[Malaysia]])
* [[Ghulaam Mustafaa Qaasmi|'Allaamah Ghulaam Mustafaa Qaasmi]] ([[Sindh]], [[Pakistan]])
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* [[Maulaana Naseer Ahmad Khaan Buland Shahri]] (Shaiykhul Hadees)
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* [[Mulaana 'Uzaiyr gul kaka khail]] of [[nowshera district]], Aseer-e-Maalta
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* [[Mulaana 'Abdul Haq Nafee kaka khail]] of [[nowshera district]].
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* [[Mufti Saiyhuddeen kaka khail]] of [[nowshera district]]
* [[Dr. Maulaana Waseemur Rahmaan]] an IAS officer from [[Siddharthnagar U.P.]]
* [[Jaan Muhammad But]], broadcaster, and Muslim Chaplain of [[Cambridge University]]



<!-- HIDING ALL NAMES NOT NOTABLE ENOUGH TO HAVE OWN ARTICLE YET
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* [[Maulana Naseer Ahmad Khan Bulandshahri]] (Shaiykhul Hadees)
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* [[Maulana 'Uzaiyr gul kaka khail]] of [[nowshera district]], Aseer-e-Malta
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* [[Maulana 'Abdul Haq Nafee kaka khail]] of [[nowshera district]].
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* [[Mufti Saiyhuddeen kaka khail]] of [[nowshera district]]
* [[Qari Muhammad Tayib Qasmi]], Ex-Vice Chancellor Darul Uloom Deoband * [[Muhammad Shafi Usmani]]
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* [[Maulana Mahmood Hasan]]
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* [[Maulana Habeebur Rahman Ludhyanvi]]
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* [[Mufti Mohammad Na'eem Ludhyanvi]]
* [[Mufti Rasheed Ahmad]] ([[Karachi]], Pakistan)
* [[Mufti Rasheed Ahmad]] ([[Karachi]], Pakistan)
* [[Ahmad 'Ali Lahori]]
* [[Ahmad 'Ali Lahori]]
* [[Saiyyid Muhammad Yusuf Binnori]]
* [[Saiyyid Muhammad Yoosuf Binnori]]
* [[Badrul 'alam]], (Second Principal of [[Jami'ah Tawakkuliyah Ranga Madrasah]]), [[Bangladesh]]
* [[Badrul 'Aalam]], (Second Principal of [[Jaami'ah Tawakkuliyah Ranga Madrasah]]), [[Bangladesh]]
* Shaiykh Maulana Yunus, (Lecturer of Hadees, Madrasah Mazahirul ‘Uloom Saharanpur, [[Uttar Pradesh]])
* Shaiykh Maulaana Yoonus, (Lecturer of Hadees, Madrasah Mazaahirul ‘Uloom Saharanpur, [[Uttar Pradesh]])
* Maulana 'Abdul Haleem Rajanpuri, (Darul ‘Uloom’ Usmaniyah, Ubauro, in Northern Sindh), Pakistan
* Maulaana 'Abdul Haleem Rajanpuri, (Daarul ‘Uloom’ Usmaaniyah, Ubauro, in Northern Sindh), Pakistan
* Maulana Qari 'Abdur Rasheed [[Ajmeri]]
* Maulaana Qaari 'Abdur Rasheed [[Ajmeri]]
* Maulana 'Abdur Razzaq, Bangladesh
* Maulaana 'Abdur Razzaaq, Bangladesh
* Maulana Raza Ahmad Ajmeri
* Maulaana Razaa Ahmad Ajmeri
* Maulana Mufti Kifayatullah Sahib
* Maulaana Mufti Kifaayatullaah Saahib
* Maulana Badr 'alam [[Meerat|Merathi]]
* Maulaana Badr 'Aalam [[Meerat|Merathi]]
* Mufti Muhammad Hasan Amritsari
* Mufti Muhammad Hasan Amritsari
* 'Ameerul-Hind Maulana Saiyyd As'ad Madani
* 'Ameerul-Hind Maulaana Saiyyd As'ad Madani
* Maulana Saiyyid Munazir Ahsan Jeelani
* Maulaana Saiyyid Munaazir Ahsan Jeelaani
* Maulana 'Abdul Mannan, Bangladesh
* Maulaana 'Abdul Mannaan, Bangladesh
* Maulana Muhammad Idrees Kandhlavi
* Maulaana Muhammad Idrees Kaandhlavi
* Maulana Margubur Rahman, (Vice Chancellor of Darul ‘Uloom Deoband)
* Maulaana Margoobur Rahmaan, (Vice Chancellor of Daarul ‘Uloom Deoband)
* Maulana [['Ubaiydullah Sindhi]]
* Maulaana [['Ubaiydullaah Sindhi]]
* Maulaana Saalim Qaasmi
* Maulana Salim Qasmi
* Maulana Muhammad Hasan Bodhanvi, Walsall, [[United Kingdom]], (President of Markazi Jam'iyyat-e-'Ulama, Britain & Wifaqul-'Ulama, UK)
* Maulaana Muhammad Hasan Bodhanvi, Walsall, [[United Kingdom]], (President of Markazi Jam'iyyat-e-'Ulamaa, Britain & Wifaaqul-'Ulamaa, UK)
* Moulaana Qaari Taahir Qaasmi
* Moulana Qari Tahir Qasmi
* Maulana Khursheed Sahib
* Maulaana Khursheed Saahib
* Maulana Anzar Shah Kashmeeri
* Maulaana Anzar Shaah Kashmeeri
* Mufti Sa'eed Ahmad Palanpuri, (Lecturer of Hadees, Darul Uloom Deoband)
* Mufti Sa'eed Ahmad Palanpuri, (Lecturer of Hadees, Daarul Uloom Deoband)
* Maulana Saiyyid Arshad Madani, (Lecturer of Hadees, Darul ‘Uloom Deoband)
* Maulaana Saiyyid Arshad Madani, (Lecturer of Hadees, Daarul ‘Uloom Deoband)
* Maulana Mufti Zaiynul 'abideen, ([[Faiysal abad]],[[Pakistan]])
* Maulaana Mufti Zaiynul 'Aabideen, ([[Faiysal Aabaad]],[[Pakistan]])
* Qazi Habeebur Rahman, (Haripur)
* Qaazi Habeebur Rahmaan, (Haripur)
* Maulana Ikram 'Ali Bhagalpuri, (Lecturer of Hadees, Jami'ah Islamiyyah, Dabhel Gujrat India)
* Maulaana Ikraam 'Ali Bhagalpuri, (Lecturer of Hadees, Jaami'ah Islaamiyyah, Daabhel Gujraat India)
* Maulana Wajid Husaiyn Deobandi, (Lecturer of Hadees, Jami'ah Islamiyyah, Dabhel Gujrat India)
* Maulaana Waajid Husaiyn Deobandi, (Lecturer of Hadees, Jaami'ah Islaamiyyah, Daabhel Gujraat India)
* Maulana Muhammad Ibraheem (Chief Imam and Khateeb of Madani Masjid, No. 137 Newton street,
* Maulaana Muhammad Ibraaheem (Chief Imaam and Khateeb of Madani Masjid, No. 137 Newton street,
West Bowling, Bradford 5, West Yorkshire. United Kingdom. Post Code No. BD5 7BJ
West Bowling, Bradford 5, West Yorkshire. United Kingdom. Post Code No. BD5 7BJ
* Maulana 'Abullah Saleem, ([[Chicago]], Illinois, [[U.S.A.]])
* Maulaana 'Abullaah Saleem, ([[Chicago]], Illinois, [[U.S.A.]])
* Maulana Qazi Mujahidul Islam Qasmi, (Member [[Muslim Personal Law Board]], India)
* Maulaana Qaazi Mujaahidul Islaam Qaasmi, (Member [[Muslim Personal Law Board]], India)
* Maulana Minnatullah Rahmani (Founder, [[Muslim Personal Law Board]])
* Maulaana Minnatullaah Rahmaani (Founder, [[Muslim Personal Law Board]])
* Maulana Manzur Nu'mani, (Mudeer Al-Furqan, Lucknow)
* Maulaana Manzoor Nu'maani, (Mudeer Al-Furqaan, Lucknow)
* Maulana Hifzur Rahman Sewharwi
* Maulaana Hifzur Rahmaan Sewhaarwi
* Maulana Khaleel Ahmad Saharanpuri
* Maulaana Khaleel Ahmad Saharanpuri
* Maulana Badruddeen Ajmal Qasmi, (Founder, AUDF)
* Maulaana Badruddeen Ajmal Qaasmi, (Founder, AUDF)
* Maulana Asrarul Haq Qasmi (Member of Parliament)
* Maulaana Asraarul Haq Qaasmi (Member of Parliament)
* Hazrat Maulana 'Abdul Mu'min Sahib ([[Jami'ah Faruqiyah Tajpur Madrasah]], Bangladesh)
* Hazrat Maulaana 'Abdul Mu'min Saahib ([[Jaami'ah Faarooqiyah Taajpur Madrasah]], Bangladesh)
⚫
* Qari Muhammad Taiyyib Qasmi (President of Khatm-e-Nubuwwat Movement, Hong Kong, China).
⚫
* Maulana Abdul Majeed Nadeem Shah
-->
-->

==Recent developments==
==Recent developments==
The Darul ‘Uloom has expanded its activities and started new departments during the last decades. In view of great challenge from the [[Ahmadiyyah|Ahmadiyyah Movement]], Darul ‘Uloom convened the All India Tahaffuz Khatm-e-Nubuwwat Conference and established a special department to refute Qaadiyaanism. It started the 'Shaiykhul Hind Academy' for publishing books, and training students in Urdu journalism. In 1996, the Computer Department was opened, which was later extended and an Internet Department also added. The Daarul ‘Uloom has also introduced a two-year full-time Diploma in English language and literature for students wishing to pursue higher education in universities.
The Daarul ‘Uloom has expanded its activities and started new departments during the last decades. In view of great challenge from the [[Ahmadiyyah|Ahmadiyyah Movement]] (Qaadiyaanism), Daarul ‘Uloom convened the All India Tahaffuz Khatm-e-Nubuwwat Conference and established a special department to refute Qaadiyaanism. It started the 'Shaiykhul Hind Academy' for publishing books, and training students in Urdu journalism. In 1996, the Computer Department was opened, which was later extended and an Internet Department also added. The Daarul ‘Uloom has also introduced a two-year full-time Diploma in English language and literature for students wishing to pursue higher education in universities.


==Condemnation of terrorism==
==Condemnation of terrorism==
In February 2008, an "Anti-terrorism Conference", organized by the seminary [[Darul Uloom]] in [[Deoband]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], denounced all forms of terrorism, declaring that "Islam prohibits the killing of innocent people" and "Islaam sternly condemns all kinds of oppression, violence and terrorism". The conference also denounced widespread attempts to blame religious Muslims for terrorist incidents.<ref>''Muslim clerics declare terror "un-Islaamic"'' [http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/India/Muslim_clerics_declare_terror_un-Islaamic/articleshow/2813375.cms Muslim clerics declare terror 'un-Islamic']. ''Times of India'' Feb. 25, 2008</ref>
In February 2008, an "Anti-terrorism Conference", organized by the seminary [[Daarul ‘Uloom]] in [[Deoband]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], denounced all forms of terrorism, declaring that "Islaam prohibits the killing of innocent people" and "Islaam sternly condemns all kinds of oppression, violence and terrorism". The conference also denounced widespread attempts to blame religious Muslims for terrorist incidents.<ref>''Muslim clerics declare terror "un-Islaamic"'' [http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/India/Muslim_clerics_declare_terror_un-Islaamic/articleshow/2813375.cms ''Times of India'' Feb. 25, 2008]</ref>


==Publications==
==Publications==
The following journals and magazines are being published under the aegis of Darul ‘Uloom Deoband and its alumni.
The following ''Journals'' and ''Magazines'' are being published under the aegis of Daarul ‘Uloom Deoband and its alumni.
* ''Al-Da'ee/Ad-Da'ee'' (Arabic Monthly); Eds: Maulana Marghubur Rahman and Maulana Noor 'Aalam Khaleel Ameeni
* ''Al-Daa'ee/Ad-Daa'ee'' (Arabic Monthly); Eds: Maulaana Marghoobur Rahmaan and Maulaana Noor 'Aalam Khaleel Ameeni
* ''Maah Namah Darul ‘Uloom'' (Urdu Monthly); Eds: Maulaana Marghoobur Rahmaan and Maulaana Habeebur Rahmaan Qaasmi
* ''Maah Naamah Daarul ‘Uloom'' (Urdu Monthly); Eds: Maulaana Marghoobur Rahmaan and Maulaana Habeebur Rahmaan Qaasmi
* ''Aaeenah Darul ‘Uloom'' (Urdu Fortnighly); Ed: Maulaana Kafeel Ahmad 'Alwi
* ''Aaeenah Daarul ‘Uloom'' (Urdu Fortnighly); Ed: Maulaana Kafeel Ahmad 'Alwi
* ''Eastern Crescent'' (English Magazine).
* ''Eastern Crescent'' (English Magazine).


==See also==
==See also==
*[[Madrasah Education: Strength and Weakness]]
*[[Deobandi]]
*[[Deobandi]]
*[[Tablighi Jamat]]
*[[Tableeghi Jamaa'at]]
*[[Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind]]
*[[Jam'iyyat 'Ulamaa-e-Hind]]
*[[Nowshera District]]
*[[Nowshera District]] ziyaarat kaka saahib
*[[Markazul Maarif]]
*[[Markazul Ma'aarif]]
⚫
*Deoband 'Ulamaa's Movement for the freedom Of India [http://attahawi.files.wordpress.com/2009/07/deoband-ulamas-movement.pdf]




==References==
==References==
<references />
{{reflist|2}}


==External links==
==External links==
⚫
* [http://www.darululoom-deoband.com Official website of Daarul ‘Uloom Deoband]
⚫
*Deoband 'Ulama's Movement for the freedom Of India [http://attahawi.files.wordpress.com/2009/07/deoband-ulamas-movement.pdf]
* [http://www.darululoom-deoband.com Official website of Darul ‘Uloom Deoband]
* [http://www.darulifta-deoband.org Daarul Iftaa website of Daarul ‘Uloom Deoband]
⚫
* [http://www.darulifta-deoband.org Darul Iftaa website of Darul ‘Uloom Deoband]
* [http://www.deoband.net Deoband: Your Gateway to Authenticity ONLINE ISLAAMIC PORTAL]
* [http://www.deoband.net Deoband: Your Gateway to Authenticity ONLINE ISLAAMIC PORTAL]
* [http://www.deoband.org Deoband.org | Shari'ah, Tariqah, Adherence to the Sunnah and Love for the Prophet (Peace be upon him)]
* [http://www.friendsofdeoband.com Friends of Deoband | 'Ulama Ahlus Sunnah]
* [http://indianmosques.blogspot.com/2009/06/dar-ul-uloom-deobandhsaharanpur.html Daarul ‘Uloom Deoband Blog]
* [http://indianmosques.blogspot.com/2009/06/dar-ul-uloom-deobandhsaharanpur.html Daarul ‘Uloom Deoband Blog]
*[http://sunninews.wordpress.com Sunni News]
*[http://www.khabrein.info Indian Muslim News and Views]
*[http://www.khabrein.info Indian Muslim News and Views]
* [http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/intro/islam-deobandi.htm Deobandi Islam]
* [http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/intro/islam-deobandi.htm Deobandi Islaam]
* [http://www.ssrc.org/sept11/essays/metcalf.htm "Traditionalist" Islaamic Activism: Deoband, Tableeghis, and Talibs]
* [http://www.ssrc.org/sept11/essays/metcalf.htm "Traditionalist" Islaamic Activism: Deoband, Tableeghis, and Taalibs]
* [http://www.khabrein.info/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=14574&Itemid=88 "Darul ‘Uloom, Deoband issues anti-terrorism Fatwaa]
* [http://www.khabrein.info/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=14574&Itemid=88 "Daarul ‘Uloom, Deoband issues anti-terrorism Fatwaa]
* [http://www.darul-ishaat.co.uk Daarul Ishaa’at UK – House Of Propagation – Online Islamic Store]
* [http://www.darul-ishaat.co.uk Daarul Ishaa’at UK - House Of Propagation - Online Islaamic Store]
*[http://www.anindianmuslim.com/2009/02/indian-‘Ulamaas-commendable-stand-on-yoga.html ‘Ulamaa's progressive stand on Yoga, terrorism, other issues needs to be praised]
*[http://www.anindianmuslim.com/2009/02/indian-‘Ulamaas-commendable-stand-on-yoga.html ‘Ulamaa's progressive stand on Yoga, terrorism, other issues needs to be praised]
*[http://www.ahlehaq.com Online Books By ‘Ulamaa of Deoband]
*[http://www.ahlehaq.com Online Books By ‘Ulamaa of Deoband]
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* [http://www.darulifta-deoband.org Online Islaamic Fatawaa]
* [http://www.darulifta-deoband.org Online Islaamic Fatawaa]
* [http://www.darululum.org Online Islaamic Study]
* [http://www.darululum.org Online Islaamic Study]
{{IslamismSA}}
{{Islaamism SA}}
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{{coord|29|41|32|N|77|40|39|E|region:IN_type:landmark|display=title}}


[[Category:Islam in India]]
[[Category:Islaam in India]]
[[Category:Madrasas in India]]
[[Category:Madrasas in India]]
[[Category:Muslim education]]
[[Category:Muslim education]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1867]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1867]]
[[Category:Islamic universities and colleges in India]]
[[Category:Islaamic universities and colleges in India]]
[[Category:Islamic universities and colleges]]
[[Category:Islaamic universities and colleges]]
[[Category:Deobandi]]
[[Category:Deobandi]]
[[Category:Saharanpur district]]
[[Category:Saharanpur district]]
[[Category:Islam in Singapore]]
[[Category:Islaam in Singapore]]


[[de:Dar ul-Ulum Deoband]]
[[de:Daarul 'Uloom Deoband]]
[[hi:दारुल उलूम देवबन्द]]
[[mr:देवबंद]]
[[mr:देवबंद]]
[[pnb:دارالعلوم دیوبند]]
[[pnb:دارالعلوم دیوبند]]
[[ru:Дар уль-Улюм Деобанд]]
[[ur:دارالعلوم دیوبند]]
[[ur:دارالعلوم دیوبند]]

Revision as of 01:57, 26 January 2012

Daarul ‘Uloom Deoband
File:Daarul ‘Uloom Deoband logo.gif
TypeIslaamic University
Established1866
ChancellorMajlis-e-Shooraa
Vice-ChancellorMufti Abul Qaasim Nu’maani
Location
Deoband
,
Uttar Pradesh
,
India
Websitedarululoom-deoband.com

The Daarul ‘Uloom Deoband (Hindi: दारुल उलूम देवबन्द, Urdu: دارالعلوم دیوبند) is an Islaamic school in India and is where the Deobandi Islaamic movement was started. It is located at Deoband, a town in Saharanpur district of Uttar Pradesh, India. It was founded in 1866 by several prominent Islaamic scholars ('Ulamaa), headed by Maulaana Muhammad Qaasim Naanautawi. The other prominent founding scholars were Maulaana Rasheed Ahmad Gangohi and Haaji Saiyyid 'Aabid Husaiyn. The institution is highly respected across the India, as well as in other parts of the Indian subcontinent.

A large group of scholars at the Daarul ‘Uloom Deoband had opposed the establishment of a state established along sectarian lines, particularly the demands of Muhammad Ali Jinnah's Muslim League for the Partition of British India into Muslim and non-Muslim sections.[1][2] It has been suggested that the real reason for their opposition to Partition was their desire to Islaamize all of India.[3] Maulaana Husaiyn Ahmad Madani was one of the scholars who opposed the idea of Pakistan. He was also Shaiykhul-Hadees (Chief of Hadees department) of Daarul ‘Uloom Deoband and led the Jam'iyyat 'Ulamaa-e-Hind, an organization of the 'Ulamaa, that saw nothing Islaamic in the idea of Pakistan. He said: "All should endeavour jointly for such a democratic government in which Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs, Christians and Parsis are included. Such a freedom is in accordance with Islaam." The school advocates an orthodox version of Islaam and has repeatedly distanced itself from religious extremism.

Background

Part of a series on the
Deobandi movement
Ideology and influences
Founders and key figures
Notable institutions
Darul ulooms and madrasas
Centres (markaz) of Tablighi Jamaat
Associated organizations

In 1857, the British East India Company put down with a heavy hand the independence movement begun by disparate north Indian forces, conducted in the name of the otherwise powerless Bahaadur Shaah Zafar Gurakani. Emperor Zafar became the last Mughal Emperor, for he was deposed the following year and exiled to Burma, with many of his sons put to death. This marked a seminal moment for Indo-Islaamic consciousness, specifically for the established Muslim elites of north India, who tended to view the defeat of 1857 as the end of their political pre-eminence and the beginning of what could be a dark period of Muslim history in India.

In this situation, a group of learned theologians, led by Maulaana Muhammad Qaasim Naanautawi, established the Daarul ‘Uloom Seminary in the town of Deoband, in order to preserve Indo-Islaamic culture and train the youth in Islaamic knowledge. The foundation of Daarul ‘Uloom Deoband was laid down in 1283 A.H. (21 May 1866 A.D.) beneath a pomegranate tree. Naanautawi claimed he had been inspired to do so by a dream in which the Prophet Muhammad spoke to him.[4] The pedagogical philosophy of Deoband was focused on teaching revealed Islaamic sciences, known as Manqoolaat, to the Indian Muslim population, according to the Hanafi tradition. In this seminary, Naanautawi instituted modern methods of learning: Teaching in classrooms, a fixed and carefully selected curriculum, lectures by different faculties recognised as leaders in their fields, exam periods, merit prizes, a publishing press and so on. The faculty instructed its students primarily in Urdu, the lingua franca of the urbanized section of the region, and supplemented it with study of Arabic (for theological reasons) and Persian (for cultural and literary reasons). In due course, it also unwittingly cemented the growing association of the Urdu language with the north Indian Muslim community. The founders consciously decided to divorce the seminary from political or governmental participation. Instead, it was to run as an autonomous institution, supported by voluntary financial contributions from the Muslims at large.

Its over 15,000 graduates have gone on to found many similar Madaaris (schools) across South Asia and further afield; the followers of this school of theology are often described as followers of the Deobandi school of thought.

Pattern of education

Deoband's curriculum is based on the 17th-century Indo-Islaamic syllabus known as Dars-e-Nizaami. The core curriculum teaches Islaamic law (sharee'ah), Islaamic jurisprudence (Fiqh), traditional Islaamic spirituality (Tasawwuf, which is the focus of Soofism), as well as several other fields of Islaamic study.[5][6]

The current syllabus consists of four stages. The first three stages can be completed in a total of eight years. The final stage is a post-graduate stage where students specialize in a number of advanced topics, such as the sciences of Hadees, Fiqh and so on.

Impact of the Deoband School

Many Islaamic schools throughout modern India, Bangladesh and Pakistan - and more recently in Afghanistan, the United Kingdom, the United States, South Africa - as well as in hundreds of other places throughout the world are affiliated, or theologically linked, to Daarul ‘Uloom Deoband. Famous seminaries have been established by its graduates, e.g. Nadwatul 'Ulamaa in Lucknow, Madrasah In'aamiyyah [7] Camperdown, near Durban in South Africa, and three important seminaries in Pakistan, viz. Daarul ‘Uloom Karachi, Jaami'ah Ashrafiyah Lahore,[8] and Jaami'ah Ziyaaul-Qur'aan (Al-Ma'roof Baagh-Waali Masjid), Faisalabad. As the official website of the Daarul ‘Uloom proclaims in flowery language, 'the whole of Asia is redolent with the aroma of this Prophetic garden.'

India's Independence Movement

In the meeting of the Jam'iyyat 'Ulamaa-e-Hind at Calcutta, in 1926, the participants included graduates of Daarul ‘Uloom, Deoband and they supported the group which called for complete independence of India from the British rule. Indian National Congress was to declare complete independence as its goal three years later, in its session at Lahore.

The famous freedom fighter Khaan 'Abdul Ghaffaar Khaan, who visited Daarul ‘Uloom during his visit to India in 1969, had said[9]: "I have had relation with Daarul ‘Uloom since the time the Shaiykhul-Hind, Maulaana Mahmood Hasan, was alive. Sitting here, we used to make plans for the independence movement, as to how we might drive away the English from this country and how we could make India free from the yoke of slavery of the British Raj. This institution has made great efforts for the freedom of this country".

Alumni scholars

The Deoband school of Islaamic Sciences has produced a large number of notable scholars. Among the most famous are:


Recent developments

The Daarul ‘Uloom has expanded its activities and started new departments during the last decades. In view of great challenge from the Ahmadiyyah Movement (Qaadiyaanism), Daarul ‘Uloom convened the All India Tahaffuz Khatm-e-Nubuwwat Conference and established a special department to refute Qaadiyaanism. It started the 'Shaiykhul Hind Academy' for publishing books, and training students in Urdu journalism. In 1996, the Computer Department was opened, which was later extended and an Internet Department also added. The Daarul ‘Uloom has also introduced a two-year full-time Diploma in English language and literature for students wishing to pursue higher education in universities.

Condemnation of terrorism

In February 2008, an "Anti-terrorism Conference", organized by the seminary Daarul ‘Uloom in Deoband, Uttar Pradesh, denounced all forms of terrorism, declaring that "Islaam prohibits the killing of innocent people" and "Islaam sternly condemns all kinds of oppression, violence and terrorism". The conference also denounced widespread attempts to blame religious Muslims for terrorist incidents.[10]

Publications

The following Journals and Magazines are being published under the aegis of Daarul ‘Uloom Deoband and its alumni.

  • Al-Daa'ee/Ad-Daa'ee (Arabic Monthly); Eds: Maulaana Marghoobur Rahmaan and Maulaana Noor 'Aalam Khaleel Ameeni
  • Maah Naamah Daarul ‘Uloom (Urdu Monthly); Eds: Maulaana Marghoobur Rahmaan and Maulaana Habeebur Rahmaan Qaasmi
  • Aaeenah Daarul ‘Uloom (Urdu Fortnighly); Ed: Maulaana Kafeel Ahmad 'Alwi
  • Eastern Crescent (English Magazine).

See also


References

  1. ^ ISLAAMIC PAKISTAN: ILLUSIONS & REALITY, by 'Abdus-Sattaar Ghazzaali.
  2. ^ A History of Pakistan and Its Origins By Christophe Jaffrelot, Gillian Beaumont, page: 224, ISBN 1-84331-149-6.
  3. ^ http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/intro/islam-barelvi.htm
  4. ^ Knowledge - An odyssey - The Historic Journey http://www.inter-islam.org/Pastevents/Jknowledge.html
  5. ^ The System Of Education
  6. ^ Mawlaana Ashraf 'Ali Thaanwi, Sharee'at and Tasawwuf pg. 11, 112, 113
  7. ^ In'aamiyyah Madrasah In'aamiyyah
  8. ^ http://www.ashrafia.org.pk/index.html
  9. ^ http://www.darululoom-deoband.com Official website of Daarul ‘Uloom Deoband
  10. ^ Muslim clerics declare terror "un-Islaamic" Times of India Feb. 25, 2008

External links

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