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|crew=
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|filling= 1 or 3-4 [[MIRV]] nuclear warheads<ref name="nasic">{{Cite report|author=National Air and Space Intelligence Center |authorlink=National Air and Space Intelligence Center |date=2013 |title=Ballistic & Cruise Missile Threat |url=http://www.25af.af.mil/shared/media/document/AFD-130710-054.pdf |page=25 |accessdate=26 January 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150128112946/http://www.25af.af.mil/shared/media/document/AFD-130710-054.pdf |archivedate=28 January 2015 |df= }}</ref><ref name="jane">{{cite web |last=Rahmat |first=Ridzwan |url=http://www.janes.com/article/35965/pacom-chief-says-china-will-deploy-long-range-nuclear-missiles-on-subs-this-year |title=PACOM chief says China will deploy long-range nuclear missiles on subs this year |website=janes.com |date=25 March 2014 |accessdate=26 January 2015}}</ref><ref name="globalsecurity">{{cite web |url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/china/jl-2.htm |title=JL-2 (CSS-NX-14) |website=Globalsecurity.org |date=20 April 2014 |accessdate=26 January 2015}}</ref><ref>https://missilethreat.csis.org/missile/jl-2/</ref>
|filling= 1 or 3-4 [[MIRV]] nuclear warheads <ref name="globalsecurity">{{cite web |url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/china/jl-2.htm |title=JL-2 (CSS-NX-14) |website=Globalsecurity.org |date=20 April 2014 |accessdate=26 January 2015}}</ref><ref>https://missilethreat.csis.org/missile/jl-2/</ref><ref>https://media.nti.org/pdfs/design_characteristics_of_chinas_ballistic_cruise_missile_inventory.pdf</ref>
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|vehicle_range={{convert|7200|km|mi|abbr=on}}<ref name="us_dod_2018-38">[[United States Department of Defense]] (2018: 38)</ref>
|vehicle_range={{convert|7200|km|mi|abbr=on}}<ref name="us_dod_2018-38">[[United States Department of Defense]] (2018: 38)</ref><ref>https://media.nti.org/pdfs/design_characteristics_of_chinas_ballistic_cruise_missile_inventory.pdf</ref>
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==Description==
==Description==
The JL-2 is a three-stage, solid-fuelled missile,<ref name="us_nasic_2017-33"/> with a maximum range of {{convert|7200|km|mi|abbr=on}}.<ref name="us_dod_2018-38"/> Payload is a single or 3 to 4 MIRV warhead.<ref>https://missilethreat.csis.org/missile/jl-2/</ref>
The JL-2 is a three-stage, solid-fuelled missile,<ref name="us_nasic_2017-33"/> with a maximum range of {{convert|7200|km|mi|abbr=on}}.<ref name="us_dod_2018-38"/> Payload is a single or 3 to 4 MIRV warhead.<ref>https://missilethreat.csis.org/missile/jl-2/</ref><ref>https://media.nti.org/pdfs/design_characteristics_of_chinas_ballistic_cruise_missile_inventory.pdf</ref>


==See also==
==See also==

Revision as of 04:07, 12 May 2019

Julang-2 (JL-2)
File:Julang-2 SLBM.jpg
A JL-2 launch.
TypeSLBM
Place of originPeople's Republic of China
Service history
In serviceActive as of 2015[1]
Used byPeople's Liberation Army Navy
Specifications
Mass42,000 kilograms (93,000 lb)[2]
Length13 metres (43 ft)[2]
Warhead1 or 3-4 MIRV nuclear warheads [3][4][5]
Blast yield250-1000kt[6]
PropellantSolid-fuel rocket[7]
Operational
range
7,200 km (4,500 mi)[8][9]
Guidance
system
Astro-inertial[6] with Beidou[2]
Launch
platform
Type 094 submarine[10]

The JL-2 (Chinese: 巨浪-2; pinyin: Jù Làng Èr; lit. 'Giant Wave 2', NATO reporting name CSS-N-14) is a Chinese second-generation intercontinental-range submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) deployed on the People's Liberation Army Navy's (PLAN) Type 094 submarines. It succeeds the JL-1 SLBM deployed on the Type 092 submarine.[10]

The JL-2 is the first Chinese SLBM that allows PLAN ballistic missile submarines to strike portions of the United States from the Chinese coast,[11] and provide China with a viable sea-based nuclear deterrent.[10]

Development

The JL-2 is a naval variant of the land-based DF-31.[3][12] Their common 2-metre diameter solid fuel rocket motor was successfully tested in late 1983,[3] and research and development efforts were reorganized starting in 1985 to produce both missiles.[12]

The first JL-2 at-sea launch occurred in 2001 from a Type 031 submarine.[3][12] The program was delayed after a failed test in 2004.[3] Successful launches occurred in 2005 and 2008. The missile was successfully fired from a Type 094 submarine, the intended operational platform, for the first time in 2009.[3] A series of test launches occurred in 2012.[13][14] Another test launch occurred in January 2015.[15]

During the development of the missile, it was reported that China was considering modifying the missile to accommodate an anti-satellite warhead to give it a sea-based anti-satellite capability.[16]

Type 094 deterrence patrols with JL-2 missiles began in December 2015.[1]

As of 2017, 48 JL-2 launchers are deployed on submarines.[7]

Description

The JL-2 is a three-stage, solid-fuelled missile,[7] with a maximum range of 7,200 km (4,500 mi).[8] Payload is a single or 3 to 4 MIRV warhead.[17][18]

See also

References

Citations

  1. ^ a b Fisher, Richard D., Jr. (16 December 2015). "China advances sea- and land-based nuclear deterrent capabilities". Jane's Defence Weekly. 53 (6). Surrey, UK: Jane's Information Group. ISSN 0265-3818.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. ^ a b c http://missilethreat.csis.org/missile/ju-lang-2-jl-2/ CSIS Missile Threat - JL-2
  3. ^ a b c d e f "JL-2 (CSS-NX-14)". Globalsecurity.org. 20 April 2014. Retrieved 26 January 2015.
  4. ^ https://missilethreat.csis.org/missile/jl-2/
  5. ^ https://media.nti.org/pdfs/design_characteristics_of_chinas_ballistic_cruise_missile_inventory.pdf
  6. ^ a b Rahmat, Ridzwan (25 March 2014). "PACOM chief says China will deploy long-range nuclear missiles on subs this year". janes.com. Retrieved 26 January 2015.
  7. ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference us_nasic_2017-33 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ a b United States Department of Defense (2018: 38)
  9. ^ https://media.nti.org/pdfs/design_characteristics_of_chinas_ballistic_cruise_missile_inventory.pdf
  10. ^ a b c United States Department of Defense (2018: 29)
  11. ^ National Air and Space Intelligence Center (2017: 30)
  12. ^ a b c Lewis, Jeffrey (25 June 2005). "JL-2 SLBM Flight Test". armscontrolwonk.com. Retrieved 26 January 2015.
  13. ^ United States Department of Defense (May 2013). Annual Report To Congress: Military and Security Developments Involving the People’s Republic of China 2013 (PDF) (Report). p. 31. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 January 2015. Retrieved 24 January 2015. {{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  14. ^ Gertz, Bill (21 August 2012). "Ready To Launch: China conducts rare flight test of new submarine-launched missile". The Washington Free Beacon. Retrieved 15 January 2013.
  15. ^ Gertz, Bill (18 February 2015). "China conducts JL-2 sub missile test". The Washington Times. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
  16. ^ Gertz, Bill (18 January 2008). "Submarine ASAT". Washington Post. Retrieved 18 May 2015 – via Questia Online Library. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |subscription= ignored (|url-access= suggested) (help)
  17. ^ https://missilethreat.csis.org/missile/jl-2/
  18. ^ https://media.nti.org/pdfs/design_characteristics_of_chinas_ballistic_cruise_missile_inventory.pdf

Sources

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