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<!--The infobox that is hidden below will replace the current infobox once the storm is no longer active. -->
<!--The infobox that is hidden below will replace the current infobox once the storm is no longer active. -->
<!--{{Infobox Hurricane
<!--{{Infobox Hurricane
| Name = Hurricane Ian
| Name = Hurricane that killed my family.
| Year = 2022
| Year = 2022
| Basin = Atl
| Basin = Atl

Revision as of 14:42, 30 September 2022

This article is about the Atlantic hurricane in 2022. For other storms of the same name, see Tropical Storm Ian.

Hurricane Ian
Current storm status
Category 1 hurricane (1-min mean)
Satellite image
Forecast map
As of:8:00 a.m. EDT (12:00 UTC) September 30
Location:31°24′N 79°06′W / 31.4°N 79.1°W / 31.4; -79.1 (Hurricane Ian) ± 30 nm
About 105 mi (170 km) SSE of Charleston, South Carolina
About 185 mi (300 km) SSW of Cape Fear, North Carolina
Sustained winds:75 kn (85 mph; 140 km/h) (1-min mean)
gusting to 90 kn (105 mph; 165 km/h)
Pressure:984 mbar (29.06 inHg)
Movement:N at 9 kn (10 mph; 17 km/h)
See more detailed information.

Hurricane Ian is a tropical cyclone that is currently threathening coastal Georgia and the Carolinas, previously struck the Cayman Islands, western Cuba, and the Florida Peninsula. It is the ninth named storm, fourth hurricane, and second major hurricane of the 2022 Atlantic hurricane season.

Ian originated from a tropical wave that was located by the National Hurricane Center east of the Windward Islands on September 19, 2022. Two days later, the wave moved into the Caribbean Sea, where it brought winds and heavy rain to the ABC islands, Trinidad and Tobago, and the northern coasts of Venezuela and Colombia on September 21–22.[1][2][3] It showed signs of development into a tropical depression later that day, as convection increased and the system became more compact. After strengthening into Tropical Storm Ian, it became a hurricane as it neared the Cayman Islands, before rapidly intensifying to a high-end Category 3 hurricane as it made landfall in western Cuba. Significant storm surge and heavy rainfall affected Cuba and the entire province of Pinar del Río lost power. It slightly weakened during its time over land, but re-strengthened once it moved into the southeastern Gulf of Mexico and over the Dry Tortugas, becoming a high-end Category 4 hurricane early on September 28, 2022, as it progressed towards the west coast of Florida. Ian remained at Category 4 strength as it made landfall in Southwest Florida on Cayo Costa Island, tying as the 5th-strongest hurricane on record to make landfall in the contiguous United States.[4] After making a second landfall in Southwest Florida, Ian remained a powerful hurricane for many hours, before it weakened to a tropical storm before moving back out into Atlantic, where the storm reintensified back to a hurricane.

Ian caused tremendous damage in Southwest Florida, mostly from flooding due to extreme storm surge and rainfall. In particular, the cities of Fort Myers and Naples were impacted strongly. Millions were left without power in the storm's wake, and several inhabitants were forced to take refuge on their roofs. Sanibel suffered major flooding as well, and its Causeway collapsed. In total, Hurricane Ian has caused at least 21 confirmed fatalities,[5][6] including three people in Cuba's Pinar del Río Province and 18 in Florida.[7][8] Additionally, at least 17 people are missing, 16 of them from a boat carrying migrants from Cuba that sank near the Florida Keys as the storm approached; recovery efforts are ongoing.[9]

Meteorological history

Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

On September 19, the NHC began tracking a tropical wave (designated as Invest-98L)[10][11] to the east of the Windward Islands for possible gradual development.[12] Two days later, the disturbance passed over Trinidad and Tobago as it entered the southeast Caribbean, and then near to the ABC Islands and to the northern coast of South America on September 22. During the same day, as the disturbance tracked west-northwestward it showed signs of increasing organization. Strong wind shear of 30–35 mph (45–55 km/h) generated by the upper-level outflow from Hurricane Fiona was, however, inhibiting development into a tropical depression.[3] A well-defined circulation was still able to form within the disturbance the same day; its convection then increased and became persistent overnight into the next day. The result was it was designated Tropical Depression Nine early in the morning on September 23.[13]

Satellite imagery depicting Hurricane Ian making landfall in southwestern Florida on September 28

By 03:00 UTC on September 24, the depression's wind speed had increased to 40 mph (65 km/h), and thus was given the name Ian. At approximately 08:30 UTC on September 27, a rapidly intensifying Ian made landfall on western Cuba with sustained winds of 125 mph (205 km/h), becoming the strongest tropical cyclone to impact Pinar del Río Province since Hurricane Gustav in 2008.[14][15] Ian weakened a little over land, but remained a major hurricane as it emerged off the coast of Cuba and into the southeastern Gulf of Mexico around 14:00 UTC.[16] Ian strengthened slightly upon moving offshore,[17] but then initiated an eyewall replacement cycle, causing its wind speed to remain steady at 120 mph, although its pressure continued to fall as the hurricane grew in size.[18] It moved over the Dry Tortugas at 02:00 UTC with the same wind speed and a pressure of 947 mb as it continued to reorganize.[19]

Ian off of the Florida-Georgia coast on approach to The Carolinas late night September 29th.

After completing the eyewall cycle a few hours later, Ian quickly strengthened, and it became a very powerful Category 4 hurricane at 09:00 UTC on September 28, with gravity waves propagating from the southwestern quadrant of the convection.[20] By 10:35 UTC on September 28, Ian strengthened further to 155 mph (250 km/h) as it neared Southwest Florida,[21] despite outflow being restricted in its southwestern quadrant by moderate wind shear.[22] At 19:05 UTC, Ian made landfall on Cayo Costa with sustained winds of 150 mph (240 km/h) and an estimated central pressure of 940 mb (28 inHg), becoming the first Category 4 hurricane to impact Southwest Florida since Charley in 2004, which also made landfall at the same location.[23][24] Ian then made a second landfall just south of Punta Gorda near Pirate Harbor at 20:35 UTC with 145 mph (235 km/h) winds.[25] Ian weakened to Category 3 strength at 23:00 UTC that day.[26] Continual land interaction resulted in frictional displacement of the system, and that coupled with high vertical wind shear caused Ian to quickly degrade to a tropical storm by 09:00 UTC as it moved north-northeast off of the eastern Florida coastline.[27] At 21:00 UTC, the system's low-level circulation had completely emerged off of the coast of Florida, and although the convection was slightly offset to the north, Ian intensified to a category 1 hurricane as it approached South Carolina.[28]

Current storm information

As of 8:00 a.m. EDT (12:00 UTC) September 30, Hurricane Ian is located within 30 nautical miles of 31°24′N 79°06′W / 31.4°N 79.1°W / 31.4; -79.1 (Ian), about 105 miles (170 km) south-southeast of Charleston, South Carolina and about 185 miles (300 km) south-southwest of Cape Fear, North Carolina. Maximum sustained winds are about 75 knots (85 mph; 140 km/h) with gusts up to 90 knots (105 mph; 165 km/h). The minimum barometric pressure is 984 mbar (29.06 inHg), and the system is moving north at 9 knots (10 mph; 17 km/h). Hurricane-force winds extend outward up to 70 miles (110 km) from the center of Ian and tropical storm-force winds extend outward up to 485 miles (781 km) from the center.

For the latest official information, see:

Watches and warnings

Template:HurricaneWarningsTable

Preparations

Caribbean

Jamaica

The Meteorological Service of Jamaica issued tropical storm watches for the island of Jamaica on Friday, September 23, 2022. Flood warnings and marine warnings were issued simultaneously.[29]

Cayman Islands

The government of the Cayman Islands issued hurricane watches for its three islands – Grand Cayman, Cayman Brac, and Little Cayman – on September 23 at 21:00 UTC as Ian was projected to pass over the British Overseas Territory as a hurricane.[29] The National Emergency Operations Centre had gone into full activation mode. Along with the emergency services, the Cayman Islands Regiment and Cayman Islands Coast Guard saw the full mobilization and deployments of their personnel. In addition, the Governor of the Cayman Islands, Martyn Roper, requested for the United Kingdom to further deploy additional military assets to the islands for the Humanitarian Aid and Disaster Relief (HADR) Operations. Subsequently HMS Medway was deployed to the Cayman Islands. Helicopters from Royal Cayman Islands Police Service were also deployed to assist in the operation. At the time one of the helicopters was deployed to the Turks and Caicos Islands prior to the development of Ian to assist recovery efforts there after the passage of Hurricane Fiona. The Royal Navy also deployed its helicopter to assist. Schools, universities, and education centers closed the evening of September 23. On September 24 at 18:00 UTC, the hurricane watch for Grand Cayman was upgraded to a hurricane warning and the hurricane watch for Cayman Brac and Little Cayman was changed to a tropical storm watch. Flood warnings along with marine warnings were also issued for Grand Cayman.[30] The Cayman Islands Airports Authority were to continue to operate the airports until the afternoon of September 25, by which the airports would close down and all the aircraft at the airports were to be evacuated out.[31]

Cuba

Authorities in Cuba issued evacuation orders for around 50,000 people in the Pinar del Rio province and set up around 55 shelters prior to the storm. State media also stated that steps were being taken to protect food and crops in warehouses. Locals removed fishing boats in Havana and city workers inspected and unclogged storm drains.[32][33]

United States

Amtrak suspended its Auto Train service for September 27–28 and truncated the September 26 southbound Silver Star at Jacksonville, Florida, on September 27. Silver Star service was canceled for September 27–28 with the northbound Silver Star for September 29 also canceled.[34] The ninth public hearing of the United States House Select Committee on the January 6 Attack, scheduled for September 28 was postponed.[35] The governors of North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia all declared a state of emergency in preparation of the incoming storm.[36][37][38][39]

Amazon canceled warehouse operations in some facilities, and over 3,500 flights were canceled as a direct result of Ian.[40][41][42]

Florida

Weather Prediction Center Excessive Rainfall 3-Day Outlook for September 27–30.
Weather Prediction Center Excessive Rainfall 3-Day Outlook for September 28–October 1.

On September 24, Governor of Florida Ron DeSantis declared a state of emergency for the entire state of Florida.[43] Tampa Bay area schools also announced closures, and several colleges and universities, including the University of South Florida, the University of Tampa, and Eckerd College announced that they were canceling classes and closing.[44][45] By September 27, 55 public school districts across the state announced cancellations, many through the end of the week.[46] The Artemis 1 launch was delayed due to the storm.[47] President Joe Biden approved a state of emergency declaration for Florida on September 24.[48] Additionally, the Biden Administration declared a public health emergency for Florida as well.[49] Numerous airports and ports, including in Tampa, Tampa Bay, Orlando, St. Petersburg, and Key West announced that they would be suspending operations.[50][51][52][53] Walt Disney World and Universal Orlando stated that they would be closing attractions.[54][55] Numerous stores, including Walmart and Waffle House, were closed because of the impending dangerous weather.[56][57]

Radar of Hurricane Ian approaching Southwest Florida at 10 a.m. EDT on September 28 at peak intensity.

Mandatory evacuation orders were issued for parts of multiple counties.[58] Around 300,000 people may be evacuated from areas of Hillsborough County with schools and other locations being used as shelters. Governor DeSantis mobilized 5,000 Florida state national guard troops with another 2,000 on standby in neighboring states.[33] Officials in Tallahassee and nearby cities, removed debris and monitored the cities power lines and storm-water systems to make sure the infrastructure systems were prepared and secure.[59]

The college football game between the East Carolina Pirates and the South Florida Bulls was moved from South Florida's stadium in Tampa to Boca Raton.[60] The Tampa Bay Buccaneers of the National Football League moved practices from Tampa south to the Miami Dolphins' training facility in Miami Gardens.[61]

Georgia

Governor of Georgia Brian Kemp ordered the activation of the State Operations Center on September 26 to begin preparations for the impact of the storm in the later part of the week.[59] Many farmers prepared prior to the storm by turning off irrigation systems to attempt to dry out the ground and harvest what they could, as much of the state's cotton crop has not been harvested yet.[62] Atlanta Motor Speedway opened their campgrounds to hurricane evacuees.[63]

South Carolina

The college football game between the South Carolina State Bulldogs and South Carolina Gamecocks scheduled for October 1 at 12:00 p.m. was moved up to September 29 at 7:00 p.m. on account of the storm.[64]

Elsewhere

Talladega Superspeedway in Alabama, Atlanta Motor Speedway in Georgia, and Charlotte Motor Speedway in North Carolina opened their campgrounds to hurricane evacuees.[63][65][66]

Bahamas

The eastward shift in Ian's track as well as increasing size of the hurricane prompted the issuance of a tropical storm warning for Bimini and Grand Bahama in The Bahamas late on September 27.[67]

Impact

Casualties and Damage Reported
Country Region Deaths Damage
(USD)
Cuba Pinar del Río Province 3[68] Un­known
United States Florida 30[69][70][71] Un­known
Georgia Un­known Un­known
South Carolina Un­known Un­known
North Carolina Un­known Un­known
Total 33 Unknown
Coming from different sources, the totals may not add up.

Caribbean

Cayman Islands

Minimal impacts were felt on the Cayman Islands as the storm passed to its west. The all clear for the Islands was called at 3:00 p.m. EDT on September 26 from the National Emergency Operations Center.[72] Several inches of rain and wind gusts of up to 50 mph (80 km/h) were observed at Seven Mile Beach on Grand Cayman along with minor storm surge flooding.[73] Minor damage and scattered power outages were also reported.[74]

Cuba

Striking western Cuba as a Category 3 hurricane, Ian caused extensive damage throughout Pinar del Río and Mayabeque provinces. The storm made landfall at 4:30 ET on September 27, in Pinar del Río province.[75] A peak wind gust of 208 km/h (129 mph) was observed in San Juan y Martínez. A 24-hour rainfall total of 108.3 mm (4.26 in) was measured on Isla de la Juventud. Significant storm surge inundation occurred along the coasts of the Gulf of Guanahacabibes and Isla de la Juventud.[76] Ian caused a power outage in the province of Pinar del Río, cutting power to the entire province, which had a population of 850,000.[77] The Cuba Institute of Meteorology located in Havana reported a sustained wind of 90 km/h (56 mph) with a gust to 140 km/h (87 mph) during the afternoon of September 27.[78] Two people were killed in Cuba: a man in San Juan y Martínez who was electrocuted while disconnecting a wind turbine used for irrigating his field, and a 43-year-old woman who died when one of the walls of her house collapsed.[79][80][81]

In the early morning of September 28, the storm knocked out power to the entirety of Cuba after a collapse of its power grid, which left 11 million people without power.[82][80]

United States

Florida

See also: List of United States tornadoes from July to September 2022 § September 27 event, and List of United States tornadoes from July to September 2022 § September 28 event
Naples, Florida observed water level peaked at at 6.18' above MHHW before the station was likely destroyed.
A school zone sign damaged by heavy flooding and wind on North Salford Boulevard in North Port, Florida

Several tornado touchdowns were reported in South Florida as the storm approached on September 27,[83] one of which severely damaged over 15 aircraft and several hangars at the North Perry Airport in Broward County.[84] Another tornado on the night of September 27 overturned multiple cars, shattered windows, and toppled a large tree onto an apartment building at Kings Point in Palm Beach County.[85]

Tropical-storm-force winds were observed at Key West International Airport before 22:00 UTC (18:00 EDT) the same day;[86] the City of Key West subsequently recorded its third-highest storm surge since 1913.[87]

With the storm making landfall in Southwest Florida on September 28 as a strong Category 4 hurricane which was later downgraded to a tropical storm,[88] the National Weather Service in Tampa issued multiple, rare extreme wind warnings, indicating the likelihood for sustained winds of 115 mph (185 km/h) or greater.[89][90][91] Additionally, the National Hurricane Center's advisory at 15:00 UTC warned that the "extremely dangerous eyewall of Ian" is "moving onshore."[92] Ian's offshore flow pulled all the water out of Tampa Bay as well.[93] Sustained hurricane-force winds were confirmed in several places at the landfall point in Southwest Florida, including one report southeast of Cape Coral, where the location recorded a wind gust of 140 mph, around the time of Ian's second landfall.[94][95] A private weather station near Port Charlotte reported a sustained wind of 115 mph (185 km/h), with a wind gust of 132 mph (212 km/h).[26] At 7:47 p.m. EDT, the National Weather Service issued a flash flood emergency for rainfall of up to 19 inches (48 cm).[96]

Hurricane Ian 6-hour rainfall totals, showing a large area of 8–12 inches of rain on September 28

Storm surge also became a serious concern for Southwest Florida, with areas between Longboat Key and Chokoloskee projected to have between 6–18 feet (1.8–5.5 m) of storm surge.[97] In Naples, rising coastal floodwaters trapped people and prompted numerous calls for rescue. Water entered the first floor of several parking garages, impacting many cars. A fire station was completely flooded, substantially damaging nearly all of the equipment in the building. The ambulance bay and helipad were inundated at a hospital in North Naples. Multiple rescues occurred in Goodland after some people unsuccessfully attempted to flee the storm surge. Farther inland, 4 to 6 ft (1.2 to 1.8 m) of water covered portions of U.S. Route 41 near Carnestown.[98] The city of Venice turned off water supply to the island of Venice, which has since been restored.[40]

Damage in Kings Point from an EF2 tornado spawned by Hurricane Ian

Overall, more than 2.4 million people in Florida lost power during the storm and in its aftermath.[99][88] As Ian approached the state, a boat carrying 23 migrants sank. Six of them were rescued by the Coast Guard, while a seventh was able to swim ashore.[100][101] The remaining occupants are still missing.[102] Five deaths have been confirmed in Lee County, although the Lee County sheriff stated in a widely-shared interview that hundreds of deaths may have occurred, although he and Governor DeSantis both later downplayed the remark.[103][104] President Biden said that the storm could end up as the most fatal in Florida's history.[105] One person, a 70 year old woman was left missing,[106] while the county sheriff also estimated that thousands of people may still be trapped in floodwaters.[103] At least six deaths occurred in the adjacent Charlotte County,[107] and two fatalities have been confirmed in Sarasota County.[108] Another person died during the storm in Volusia County after he fell into a canal while draining his pool.[109] A large portion of the Sanibel Causeway washed away during the storm, cutting off all vehicle access to the island.[110][111]

Aftermath

United States

A family in North Port, Florida who sheltered through the storm stands on their driveway, smiling and waving at evacuees on school buses passing by their home

There were sporadic reports of looting and burglaries at several Lee County, Florida businesses concerning the theft of non-essential items such as sports apparel and athletic shoes during the height of the storm, prompting officials to enforce a curfew in the county.[112][113] Soon after the conditions improved in impacted parts of Florida, search and rescue teams. first responders, and utility workers from un-impacted parts of Florida and across the country deployed to the area.[114][115][116] The American Red Cross mobilized and began to provide shelter and supplies to those who needed it as well.[117]

See also

Historic comparisons to Ian

  • Hurricane Donna (1960) – Category 4 hurricane that took a similar track through Florida
  • Hurricane Gladys (1968) – Category 2 hurricane with a similar track to Ian
  • Hurricane Charley (2004) – Category 4 hurricane that took a near-identical track to Ian, also rapidly intensified just before landfall, and made landfall at the same place
  • Tropical Storm Fay (2008) – A near-hurricane strength tropical storm that also moved over western Cuba and across Central Florida
  • Hurricane Irma (2017) – Category 5 hurricane that also severely affected Southwest Florida
  • Hurricane Michael (2018) – Another Category 5 hurricane that was the previous major hurricane to impact Florida before Ian

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