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==History==
==History==
[[File:Shinzo Abe and Abdel Fattah el-Sisi at the Prime Minister's Office 2016 (7).jpg|thumb|Abdel Fattah el-Sisi and Shinzo Abe at the Prime Minister's Office 2016.]]
[[File:Shinzo Abe and Abdel Fattah el-Sisi at the Prime Minister's Office 2016 (7).jpg|thumb|Abdel Fattah el-Sisi and Shinzo Abe at the Prime Minister's Office 2016.]]
Egypt and Japan initially became in contact near the end of the [[Edo period]]. Significant early encounters include the arrival of the Second Japanese Embassy to Europe in Egypt in 1864 and Japan's fascination with Egypt's blended court system and the Ahmad Urabi Movement. After [[World War II]], Egypt became a vital focus for Japan's Middle Eastern diplomacy as their contacts were restored and deepened. Modern relations were established in 1922, when Japan recognized [[Unilateral Declaration of Egyptian Independence|Egypt's independence]]. On February 24, 1945 the Egyptian government declared war on the Japanese Empire as part of the Allied war effort. With Egypt seen by Japan as a crucial ally for maintaining regional security and as a gateway to the [[Middle East]], economic connections were reestablished in the 1950s and were characterized by substantial trade and investment flows. Since then, there has been a history of a cordial relationship, with several visits by senior diplomats and, most notably, visits by respective heads of state — in 1995, Japanese [[Prime Minister]] [[Tomiichi Murayama]] visited Egypt and former [[Hosni Mubarak|President Mubarak]] of Egypt has visited Japan on several occasions 1983, 1995, and 1999. This habit of visitation is maintained up to the present day, with the current president [[Abdel Fattah el-Sisi]] having visited Japan three times between the years of 2016 and 2020. Japan has been a major donor of aid to Egypt, and since the 1970s, Japanese ODA ([[Official Development Assistance (Japan)|Official Development Assistance]]) has played a critical role in Egypt's development. Japan's dedication to Egypt's progress is demonstrated by the various infrastructure projects and development programs that have benefited from this aid. Mutual understanding has been strengthened by cultural and educational exchanges; Japan has established cultural organizations in Egypt and supported [[Japanese studies]] and language instruction. The evolution of educational collaboration is highlighted by recent initiatives like the Egypt-Japan Education Partnership (EJEP) and the founding of the [[Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology]] (EJUST). Among the Middle Eastern nations, Egypt is among Japan's oldest friends.
Egypt and Japan initially became in contact near the end of the [[Edo period]]<ref name=":0">{{Citation |last=Yokota |first=Takayuki |title=Japan–Egypt Bilateral Relations: A Main Pillar of Japanese Middle Eastern Policy |date=2023 |work=Japan and the Middle East |pages=139–161 |editor-last=Nakamura |editor-first=Satoru |url=https://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-981-19-3459-9_6 |access-date=2024-04-11 |place=Singapore |publisher=Springer Nature Singapore |language=en |doi=10.1007/978-981-19-3459-9_6 |isbn=978-981-19-3458-2 |editor2-last=Wright |editor2-first=Steven}}</ref>. Significant early encounters include the arrival of the Second Japanese Embassy to Europe in Egypt in 1864 and Japan's fascination with Egypt's blended court system and the [https://thehistoryfiles.com/urabi-rebellion/ Ahmad Urabi Movement]<ref name=":0" />. After [[World War II]], Egypt became a vital focus for Japan's Middle Eastern diplomacy as their contacts were restored and deepened<ref name=":0" />. Modern relations were established in 1922, when Japan recognized [[Unilateral Declaration of Egyptian Independence|Egypt's independence]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-05-17 |title=The Mainichi Daily News: National Days and Events |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090517075524/http://mdn.mainichi.jp/nationalday/etc/2009/egypt/ |access-date=2024-04-11 |website=web.archive.org}}</ref>. On February 24, 1945 the Egyptian government declared war on the Japanese Empire as part of the Allied war effort<ref>{{Citation |title=Egypt in World War II |date=2024-04-10 |work=Wikipedia |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Egypt_in_World_War_II&oldid=1218265149 |access-date=2024-04-11 |language=en}}</ref>. With Egypt seen by Japan as a crucial ally for maintaining regional security and as a gateway to the [[Middle East]], economic connections were reestablished in the 1950s and were characterized by substantial trade and investment flows<ref name=":0" />. Since then, there has been a history of a cordial relationship, with several visits by senior diplomats and, most notably, visits by respective heads of state — in 1995, Japanese [[Prime Minister]] [[Tomiichi Murayama]] visited Egypt and former [[Hosni Mubarak|President Mubarak]] of Egypt has visited Japan on several occasions 1983, 1995, and 1999<ref>{{Citation |title=Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Japan) |date=2024-04-04 |work=Wikipedia |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Japan)&oldid=1217222954 |access-date=2024-04-11 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=Wayback Machine |date=2024-04-03 |work=Wikipedia |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&oldid=1217031104 |access-date=2024-04-11 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-06-14 |title=Egyptian-Japanese Relations - Kaoru Ishikawa |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090614012634/http://www.yousefgamaleldin.com/programs/news-hour/91-egyptian-japanese-relations-kaoru-ishikawa |access-date=2024-04-11 |website=web.archive.org}}</ref>. This habit of visitation is maintained up to the present day, with the current president [[Abdel Fattah el-Sisi]] having visited Japan three times between the years of 2016 and 2020<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-06-26 |title=Bilateral Relations |url=https://egyptembassy.jp/egypt-japan-relations/bilateral-relations/ |access-date=2024-04-11 |website=Embassy of Egypt TOKYO |language=ja}}</ref>. Japan has been a major donor of aid to Egypt, and since the 1970s, Japanese ODA ([[Official Development Assistance (Japan)|Official Development Assistance]]) has played a critical role in Egypt's development<ref name=":0" />. Japan's dedication to Egypt's progress is demonstrated by the various infrastructure projects and development programs that have benefited from this aid<ref name=":0" />. Mutual understanding has been strengthened by cultural and educational exchanges; Japan has established cultural organizations in Egypt and supported [[Japanese studies]] and language instruction<ref name=":0" />. The evolution of educational collaboration is highlighted by recent initiatives like the Egypt-Japan Education Partnership (EJEP) and the founding of the [[Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology]] (EJUST)<ref name=":0" />. Among the Middle Eastern nations, Egypt is among Japan's oldest friends<ref name=":0" />.


==Diplomacy==
==Diplomacy==

Revision as of 20:34, 11 April 2024

Egypt–Japan relations
Map indicating locations of Egypt and Japan

Egypt
Japan

Egypt–Japan relations (Arabic: العلاقات المصرية اليابانية, Japanese: 日本とエジプトの関係) are foreign relations between Egypt and Japan. Such relations are described by the Egyptian ambassador to Japan as a "very strong friendship",[1] with embassies mutually established.[2] At present, the two nations maintain a cordial relationship with strong economic and trade relations.[3]

History

Abdel Fattah el-Sisi and Shinzo Abe at the Prime Minister's Office 2016.

Egypt and Japan initially became in contact near the end of the Edo period[4]. Significant early encounters include the arrival of the Second Japanese Embassy to Europe in Egypt in 1864 and Japan's fascination with Egypt's blended court system and the Ahmad Urabi Movement[4]. After World War II, Egypt became a vital focus for Japan's Middle Eastern diplomacy as their contacts were restored and deepened[4]. Modern relations were established in 1922, when Japan recognized Egypt's independence[5]. On February 24, 1945 the Egyptian government declared war on the Japanese Empire as part of the Allied war effort[6]. With Egypt seen by Japan as a crucial ally for maintaining regional security and as a gateway to the Middle East, economic connections were reestablished in the 1950s and were characterized by substantial trade and investment flows[4]. Since then, there has been a history of a cordial relationship, with several visits by senior diplomats and, most notably, visits by respective heads of state — in 1995, Japanese Prime Minister Tomiichi Murayama visited Egypt and former President Mubarak of Egypt has visited Japan on several occasions 1983, 1995, and 1999[7][8][9]. This habit of visitation is maintained up to the present day, with the current president Abdel Fattah el-Sisi having visited Japan three times between the years of 2016 and 2020[10]. Japan has been a major donor of aid to Egypt, and since the 1970s, Japanese ODA (Official Development Assistance) has played a critical role in Egypt's development[4]. Japan's dedication to Egypt's progress is demonstrated by the various infrastructure projects and development programs that have benefited from this aid[4]. Mutual understanding has been strengthened by cultural and educational exchanges; Japan has established cultural organizations in Egypt and supported Japanese studies and language instruction[4]. The evolution of educational collaboration is highlighted by recent initiatives like the Egypt-Japan Education Partnership (EJEP) and the founding of the Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (EJUST)[4]. Among the Middle Eastern nations, Egypt is among Japan's oldest friends[4].

Diplomacy

Japan considers Egypt a key player in the Middle East and, as such, sees Egypt as a vital part of its diplomacy in the region.[11] The two heads of government have been known to support each other on issues pertaining to the peace process in the Middle East.[12]

The two countries maintain a "Joint Committee" dedicated to exploring developments in areas of mutual interest to the two countries.[13]

References

  1. ^ "Retrieved May 4, 2009". Web.archive.org. 2008-10-09. Archived from the original on 2008-10-09. Retrieved 2016-10-01.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  2. ^ [1] Retrieved May 4, 2009. [dead link]
  3. ^ Japan and Egypt open up Archived 2013-08-27 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved May 4, 2009.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i Yokota, Takayuki (2023), Nakamura, Satoru; Wright, Steven (eds.), "Japan–Egypt Bilateral Relations: A Main Pillar of Japanese Middle Eastern Policy", Japan and the Middle East, Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 139–161, doi:10.1007/978-981-19-3459-9_6, ISBN 978-981-19-3458-2, retrieved 2024-04-11
  5. ^ "The Mainichi Daily News: National Days and Events". web.archive.org. 2009-05-17. Retrieved 2024-04-11.
  6. ^ "Egypt in World War II", Wikipedia, 2024-04-10, retrieved 2024-04-11
  7. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Japan)", Wikipedia, 2024-04-04, retrieved 2024-04-11
  8. ^ "Wayback Machine", Wikipedia, 2024-04-03, retrieved 2024-04-11
  9. ^ "Egyptian-Japanese Relations - Kaoru Ishikawa". web.archive.org. 2009-06-14. Retrieved 2024-04-11.
  10. ^ "Bilateral Relations". Embassy of Egypt TOKYO (in Japanese). 2020-06-26. Retrieved 2024-04-11.
  11. ^ "Japan-Egypt Relations". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. Archived from the original on May 24, 2009. Retrieved May 4, 2009.
  12. ^ "Egypt, Japan for delay in Palestinian state declaration, resuming deadlocked peace talks". Arabic News. April 13, 1999. Archived from the original on February 14, 2012. Retrieved May 4, 2009.
  13. ^ "Japan-Egypt Relations". Eg.emb-japan.go.jp. Retrieved 2016-10-01.
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