Serbo-Croatian kinship: Difference between revisions
→Step-relatives: Expand half-siblings |
m →Direct descendance and ancestry: Add term |
||
Line 45: | Line 45: | ||
| '''otac''' || '''отац''' || father |
| '''otac''' || '''отац''' || father |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| '''babo''' <sup>[B]</sup><br>'''ćale''' <sup>[S]</sup><br>'''tajo''' <sup>[M]</sup><br>'''tata''' || '''бабо''' <sup>[B]</sup><br>'''ћале''' <sup>[S]</sup><br>'''тајо''' <sup>[M]</sup><br>'''тата''' || dad |
| '''babo''' <sup>[B]</sup><br>'''ćaća''' <sup>[C]</sup><br>'''ćale''' <sup>[S]</sup><br>'''tajo''' <sup>[M]</sup><br>'''tata''' || '''бабо''' <sup>[B]</sup><br>'''ћаћа''' <sup>[C]</sup><br>'''ћале''' <sup>[S]</sup><br>'''тајо''' <sup>[M]</sup><br>'''тата''' || dad |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| '''baba'''<br>'''baka'''<br>'''nana''' <sup>[B]</sup><br>'''nona''' || '''баба'''<br>'''бака'''<br>'''нана''' <sup>[B]</sup><br>'''нона'''|| grandmother |
| '''baba'''<br>'''baka'''<br>'''nana''' <sup>[B]</sup><br>'''nona''' || '''баба'''<br>'''бака'''<br>'''нана''' <sup>[B]</sup><br>'''нона'''|| grandmother |
Revision as of 03:08, 23 June 2013
| |||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||
|
The Serbo-Croatian standard languages (Croatian, Serbian and Bosnian) have one of the more elaborate kinship (srodstvo) systems among European languages. Terminology may differ from place to place. Most words are common to other Slavic languages, though some derive from Turkish. The standardized languages may recognize slightly different pronunciations or dialectical forms; these are marked [S] (Serbian) and [C] (Croatian) below.
There are four main types of kinship in the family: biological AKA blood kinship, kinship by law (in-laws), spiritual kinship (such as godparents), and legal kinship through adoption and remarriage.[1]
As is common in many rural family structures, three generations of a family will live together in a home in what anthropologists call a joint family structure, where parents, their son(s), and grandchildren would cohabit in a family home.[2]
Direct descendance and ancestry
Words for relations up to five generations removed—great-great-grandparents and great-great-grandchildren—are in common use. The fourth-generation terms are also used as generics for ancestors and descendants. There is no distinction between the maternal and paternal line. In addition, specialized terms for ancestry up to sixteen generations have been coined for use in genealogical circles, but these are not commonly known.[note 1]
Latin | Cyrillic | Relation |
---|---|---|
potomkinja | потомкиња | female descendant |
potomak | потомак | male descendant |
čukununuka šukununuka [C] |
чукунунука шукунунука [C] |
great-great-granddaughter |
čukununuk šukununuk [C] |
чукунунук шукунунук [C] |
great-great-grandson |
praunuka | праунука | great-granddaughter, descendant |
praunuk | праунук | great-grandson, descendant |
unuka | унука | granddaughter |
unuk | унук | grandson |
kćer kćerka ćerka kći |
кћер кћерка ћерка кћи |
daughter |
sin | син | son |
majka mater mati |
мајка матер мати |
mother |
mama | мама | mom |
otac | отац | father |
babo [B] ćaća [C] ćale [S] tajo [M] tata |
бабо [B] ћаћа [C] ћале [S] тајо [M] тата |
dad |
baba baka nana [B] nona |
баба бака нана [B] нона |
grandmother |
ded(a) deka[S] did(a) [C] djed đed [M] nono [C] |
дед(a) дека [S] дид(a) [C] дјед ђед [M] ноно [C] |
grandfather |
prababa prabaka |
прабаба | great-grandmother, ancestor |
praded(a) pradid(a) [C] pradjed prađed [M] |
прадед(a) прадид(a) [C] прадјед прађед[M] |
great-grandfather, ancestor |
čukunbaba šukunbaka [C] |
чукунбаба шукунбака [C] |
great-great-grandmother |
čukunded(a) čukundjed čukunđed [M] šukundid [C] šukundjed [C] |
чукундед(a) чукундјед чукунђед [M] шукундид(a) [C] шукундјед [C] |
great-great-grandfather[3] |
predakinja[S] pretkinja[C] pređa[M] |
предакиња [S] преткиња [C] пређа [M] |
female ancestor |
predak | предак | male ancestor |
Ego's generation
Diminutive forms of siblings are used for cousins.
Latin | Cyrillic | English translation |
---|---|---|
brat | брат | brother |
sestra | сестра | sister |
bratić [C] | братић [C] | male first cousin |
sestrična [C] | сестрична [C] | female first cousin |
brat od strica | брат од стрица | male cousin (always first or second), son of father's brother (or male first cousin) |
brat od daja brat od ujaka |
брат од даја брат од ујака |
male cousin (always first or second), son of mother's brother (or male first cousin) |
brat od hale brat od tetke |
брат од хале брат од тетке |
male cousin (always first or second), son of mother's or father's sister (or female first cousin) |
sestra od strica | сестра од стрица | female cousin (always first or second), daughter of father's brother (or male first cousin) |
sestra of daja sestra od ujaka |
сестра од даја сестра од ујака |
female cousin (always first or second), daughter of mother's brother (or male first cousin) |
sestra od hale sestra od tetke |
сестра од хале сестра од тетке |
female cousin (always first or second), son of mother's or father's sister (or female first cousin) |
rođak | рођак | male cousin, relative |
rođaka[S] rođakinja rodica[C] |
рођака[S] рођакиња родица[C] |
female cousin, relative |
Indirect ancestry, descendants and legal relations
There are separate terms for maternal and paternal uncles, but not for aunts. In addition, spouses of uncles and aunts have their own terms.
Latin | Cyrillic | Relation |
---|---|---|
amidža adžo stric |
амиџа аџо стриц |
paternal uncle |
amidžinica adžinica strina |
амиџиница аџиница стрина |
paternal uncle's wife |
daidža / dajdža dajo ujak |
даиџа / дајџа дајо ујак |
maternal uncle |
daidžinica / dajdžinica dajnica ujna |
даиџиница / дајџиница дајница ујна |
maternal uncle's wife; i.e maternal aunt through marriage |
hala tetka |
хала тетка |
aunt (only mother's or father's sister or cousin) |
teča [S] tetak [BCM] |
теча [S] тетак [BCM] |
aunt's husband (where aunt defined as "tetka") |
bratanac | братанац | fraternal nephew (for women[S], for men and women[C]) |
bratanić | братанић | fraternal nephew (for men and women) |
sinovac | синовац | fraternal nephew (for men[S]) |
bratanica brataničina |
братаница братаничина |
fraternal niece |
nećak | нећак | nephew |
nećaka nećakinja |
нећака нећакиња |
niece |
sestrić | сестрић | sororal nephew |
sestričina | сестричина | sororal niece |
In-laws
There are separate terms for a man's and a woman's parents-in-law. However, the same terms are commonly used for siblings-in-law and children-in-law. There are separate terms for co-siblings-in-law.[what about co-grandparent-in-law?]
Latin | Cyrillic | Relation | English translation |
---|---|---|---|
svekar | свекар | husband's father | father-in-law |
svekrva | свекрва | husband's mother | mother-in-law |
punac [C] tast[S] |
пунац [C] таст [S] |
wife's father | father-in-law |
punica [C], tašta[S] | пуница [C] ташта [S] |
wife's mother | mother-in-law |
zet | зет | daughter's or sister's husband | son-in-law or brother-in-law |
nev(j)esta odiva [M] snaha snaja [S] |
нев(ј)еста одива [M] снаха снаjа [S] |
son's or brother's wife | daughter-in-law or sister-in-law |
šura(k) šurjak[C] šogor[C] |
шура(к) шурjак [C] шогор [C] |
wife's brother | brother-in-law |
šurjakinja[C] šurnjaja |
шурјакиња[C] шурњаја |
wife's brother's wife | sister-in-law |
svastika šogorica [C] |
свастика шогорица [C] |
wife's sister | sister-in-law |
svastić | свастић | wife's sister's son | nephew-in-law |
svastičina | свастичина | wife's sister's daughter | niece-in-law |
badženjak badžo d(j)ever đever [M] |
баџењак баџо д(j)евер ђевер [M] |
husband's brother | brother-in-law |
jetrva | јетрва | husband's brother's wife | co-sister-in-law |
zaova | заова | husband's sister | sister-in-law |
pašanac pašenog |
пашанац пашеног |
wife's sister's husband | co-brother-in-law |
prija | прија | child's spouse's mother | co-mother-in-law |
prijatelj | пријатељ | child's spouse's father | co-father-in-law; N.B. the exactly same word means "friend" (general word) |
Step-relatives
Latin | Cyrillic | Relation |
---|---|---|
očuh | очух | stepfather |
maćeha | маћеха | stepmother |
pastorak | пасторак | stepson |
pastorka pastorkinja |
пасторка пасторкиња |
stepdaughter |
polubrat | полубрат | half-brother (through only one parent) |
- brat po ocu | брат по оцу | half-brother (sharing same father, different mothers) |
- brat po majci | брат по мајци | half-brother (sharing same mother, different fathers) |
polusestra | полусестра | half-sister (through only one parent) |
- sestra po ocu | сестра по оцу | half-sister (sharing same father, different mothers) |
- sestra po majci | сестра по мајци | half-sister (sharing same mother, different fathers) |
Foster-relatives
Foster relations are important and have dedicated terms.
Latin | Cyrillic | Relation |
---|---|---|
usvojenik | усвојеник | adopted son |
usvojenica | усвојеница | adopted daughter |
poočim | поочим | foster-father |
pomajka | помајка | foster-mother |
posinak usinjenik [S] |
посинак усињеник [S] |
foster-son |
po(k)ćerka | по(к)ћерка | foster-daughter |
Notes
- ^ These are, with feminine -a or -ka in parentheses, generation 6 kurđel(a), 7 askurđel(a), 8 kurđup(a), 9 kurlebalo/a, 10 sukurdol(a), 11 sudepač(a), 12 parđupan(a), 13 ožmikur(k)a, 14 kurajber(a), 15 sajkatav(k)a, 16 (m) b(ij)eli orao (f) b(ij)ela orlica.
References
This article needs additional citations for verification. (May 2010) |
- ^ Family, marriage and kinship
- ^ Kinship, networks, and exchange; The Grapvine Forest: Kinship, Status, and Wealth in a Mediterranean Community (Selo, Croatia) by Bojka Milici, Thomas Schweizer, Douglas R. White
- ^ *Template:En iconSvetozar Brkić, Živojin Simić (1993) English–Serbian and Serbian–English dictionary