Khawaja: Difference between revisions
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'''Khawaja''' is an honorific title used across the [[Middle East]], [[South Asia]], [[Southeast Asia]] and [[Central Asia]], particularly towards [[Sufi]] teachers. It is also used by [[Kashmiri Muslims]]<ref>{{cite book|title=Epilogue, Vol 4, Issue 5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-yUy7QpJp7MC&pg=PA23|publisher=Epilogue -Jammu Kashmir|pages=23–|id=GGKEY:JAACF25BJCD}}</ref><ref name="Pardesi1989">{{cite book|author=Shyam Lal Pardesi|title=Amudarya to Vitasta: A Bird's Eye-view of Relations Between Central-Asia and Kashmir|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j8O1AAAAIAAJ|year=1989|publisher=Sangarmaal Publications|page=15|quote=It is most pertinent to mention here that the word ''Khwaja'' is used as mark of respect before the name of a Kashmiri Muslim shopkeeper or wholesale dealer.}}</ref> and the [[Mizrahi Jews]]—particularly [[Persian Jews]] and [[Baghdadi Jews]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Husain|first=Ruquiya K.|date=2004|title=KHWAJA ISRAEL SARHAD: ARMENIAN MERCHANT AND DIPLOMAT|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/44144740|journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress|volume=65|pages=258–266|issn=2249-1937}}</ref> The word comes from the Iranian word ''khwāja (Khaje)'' ([[Classical Persian]]: {{wikt-lang|fa|خواجه}} ''khwāja''; [[Dari language|Dari]] ''khājah''; [[Tajik language|Tajik]] ''khoja''). In [[Persian language|Persian]] the title roughly translates to 'Lord' or 'Master'.<ref>{{Cite book|url=http://link.springer.com/10.1057/9781137485779|title=The Persian Gulf in Modern Times|date=2014|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan US|isbn=978-1-349-50380-3|editor-last=Potter|editor-first=Lawrence G.|location=New York|language=en|doi=10.1057/9781137485779}}</ref> The spellings ''hodja'' or ''hoca'' ([[Turkish language|Turkish]]), ''খাজা (Khaaja)'' ([[Bengali language|Bengali]]), ''hodža'' ([[Bosnian language|Bosnian]]), ''hoxha'' ([[Albanian language|Albanian]]), ''хоџа'' ([[Serbian language|Serbian]]), ''χότζας'' (''chótzas'') ([[Greek language|Greek]]), ''hogea'' ([[Romanian language|Romanian]]), ''koja'' ([[Javanese language|Javanese]]).<ref>S. Robson and S. Wibisono, 2002, ''Javanese English dictionary'' {{ISBN|0-7946-0000-X}}, sv ''koja''</ref> The name is also used in [[Egypt]] and [[Sudan]] to indicate a person with a foreign nationality or foreign heritage.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/nov/26/jamal-khashoggi-white-privilege-murder-middle-east-dissidents|title=Jamal Khashoggi’s borrowed white privilege made his murder count {{!}} Khalid Albaih|last=Albaih|first=Khalid|date=2018-11-26|website=the Guardian|language=en|access-date=2018-11-27}}</ref> |
'''Khawaja''' is an honorific title used across the [[Middle East]], [[South Asia]], [[Southeast Asia]] and [[Central Asia]], particularly towards [[Sufi]] teachers. It is also used by [[Kashmiri Muslims]]<ref>{{cite book|title=Epilogue, Vol 4, Issue 5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-yUy7QpJp7MC&pg=PA23|publisher=Epilogue -Jammu Kashmir|pages=23–|id=GGKEY:JAACF25BJCD}}</ref><ref name="Pardesi1989">{{cite book|author=Shyam Lal Pardesi|title=Amudarya to Vitasta: A Bird's Eye-view of Relations Between Central-Asia and Kashmir|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j8O1AAAAIAAJ|year=1989|publisher=Sangarmaal Publications|page=15|quote=It is most pertinent to mention here that the word ''Khwaja'' is used as mark of respect before the name of a Kashmiri Muslim shopkeeper or wholesale dealer.}}</ref> and the [[Mizrahi Jews]]—particularly [[Persian Jews]] and [[Baghdadi Jews]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Husain|first=Ruquiya K.|date=2004|title=KHWAJA ISRAEL SARHAD: ARMENIAN MERCHANT AND DIPLOMAT|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/44144740|journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress|volume=65|pages=258–266|issn=2249-1937}}</ref> The word comes from the Iranian word ''khwāja (Khaje)'' ([[Classical Persian]]: {{wikt-lang|fa|خواجه}} ''khwāja''; [[Dari language|Dari]] ''khājah''; [[Tajik language|Tajik]] ''khoja''). In [[Persian language|Persian]], the title roughly translates to 'Lord' or 'Master'.<ref>{{Cite book|url=http://link.springer.com/10.1057/9781137485779|title=The Persian Gulf in Modern Times|date=2014|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan US|isbn=978-1-349-50380-3|editor-last=Potter|editor-first=Lawrence G.|location=New York|language=en|doi=10.1057/9781137485779}}</ref> The spellings ''hodja'' or ''hoca'' ([[Turkish language|Turkish]]), ''খাজা (Khaaja)'' ([[Bengali language|Bengali]]), ''hodža'' ([[Bosnian language|Bosnian]]), ''hoxha'' ([[Albanian language|Albanian]]), ''хоџа'' ([[Serbian language|Serbian]]), ''χότζας'' (''chótzas'') ([[Greek language|Greek]]), ''hogea'' ([[Romanian language|Romanian]]), ''koja'' ([[Javanese language|Javanese]]).<ref>S. Robson and S. Wibisono, 2002, ''Javanese English dictionary'' {{ISBN|0-7946-0000-X}}, sv ''koja''</ref> The name is also used in [[Egypt]] and [[Sudan]] to indicate a person with a foreign nationality or foreign heritage.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/nov/26/jamal-khashoggi-white-privilege-murder-middle-east-dissidents|title=Jamal Khashoggi’s borrowed white privilege made his murder count {{!}} Khalid Albaih|last=Albaih|first=Khalid|date=2018-11-26|website=the Guardian|language=en|access-date=2018-11-27}}</ref> |
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== Gallery == |
== Gallery == |
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Revision as of 13:21, 26 August 2020
Khawaja is an honorific title used across the Middle East, South Asia, Southeast Asia and Central Asia, particularly towards Sufi teachers. It is also used by Kashmiri Muslims[1][2] and the Mizrahi Jews—particularly Persian Jews and Baghdadi Jews.[3] The word comes from the Iranian word khwāja (Khaje) (Classical Persian: خواجه khwāja; Dari khājah; Tajik khoja). In Persian, the title roughly translates to 'Lord' or 'Master'.[4] The spellings hodja or hoca (Turkish), খাজা (Khaaja) (Bengali), hodža (Bosnian), hoxha (Albanian), хоџа (Serbian), χότζας (chótzas) (Greek), hogea (Romanian), koja (Javanese).[5] The name is also used in Egypt and Sudan to indicate a person with a foreign nationality or foreign heritage.[6]
Gallery
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Hodja of Skodra, from Les costumes populaires de la Turquie en 1873, published under the patronage of the Ottoman Imperial Commission for the 1873 Vienna World's Fair -
Hodja of Salonika (now Thessaloniki), from Les costumes populaires de la Turquie en 1873, published under the patronage of the Ottoman Imperial Commission for the 1873 Vienna World's Fair
See also
- Khwaja Khizr Tomb at Sonipat
- Khwajagan, a network of Sufis in Central Asia from the 10th to the 16th century who are often incorporated into later Naqshbandi hierarchies.
- Khoja (Turkestan), a title of the descendants of the Central Asian Naqshbandi Sufi teacher, Ahmad Kasani
- Hoca, Turkish spelling of Khawaja
- Hoxha, Albanian surname
- Hodžić, Bosniak surname
- Koya, a medieval Indian administrative position
References
- ^ Epilogue, Vol 4, Issue 5. Epilogue -Jammu Kashmir. pp. 23–. GGKEY:JAACF25BJCD.
- ^ Shyam Lal Pardesi (1989). Amudarya to Vitasta: A Bird's Eye-view of Relations Between Central-Asia and Kashmir. Sangarmaal Publications. p. 15.
It is most pertinent to mention here that the word Khwaja is used as mark of respect before the name of a Kashmiri Muslim shopkeeper or wholesale dealer.
- ^ Husain, Ruquiya K. (2004). "KHWAJA ISRAEL SARHAD: ARMENIAN MERCHANT AND DIPLOMAT". Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 65: 258–266. ISSN 2249-1937.
- ^ Potter, Lawrence G., ed. (2014). The Persian Gulf in Modern Times. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US. doi:10.1057/9781137485779. ISBN 978-1-349-50380-3.
- ^ S. Robson and S. Wibisono, 2002, Javanese English dictionary ISBN 0-7946-0000-X, sv koja
- ^ Albaih, Khalid (2018-11-26). "Jamal Khashoggi's borrowed white privilege made his murder count | Khalid Albaih". the Guardian. Retrieved 2018-11-27.
This page lists people with the surname Khawaja.
If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name(s) to the link.
If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name(s) to the link.