Non-receptor tyrosine kinase

In enzymology, a non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase (EC 2.7.10.2) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

ATP + a [protein]-L-tyrosine $\rightleftharpoons$ ADP + a [protein]-L-tyrosine phosphate

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and [[[protein]-L-tyrosine]], whereas its two products are ADP and [[[protein]-L-tyrosine phosphate]].

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring a phosphate group to the sidechain oxygen atom of tyrosine residues in proteins (protein-tyrosine kinases). The systematic name of this enzyme class is ATP:[protein]-L-tyrosine O-phosphotransferase (non-specific). Other names in common use include ABL, ABL1, ABL2, ABLL, ACK1, ACK2, AGMX1, ARG, ATK, ATP:protein-tyrosine O-phosphotransferase (ambiguous), BLK, Bmk, BMX, BRK, Bruton's tyrosine kinase, Bsk, BTK, BTKL, CAKb, Cdgip, CHK, CSK, CTK, CYL, cytoplasmic protein tyrosine kinase, EMT, ETK, Fadk, FAK, FAK2, FER, Fert1/2, FES, FGR, focal adhesion kinase, FPS, FRK, FYN, HCK, HCTK, HYL, IMD1, ITK, IYK, JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, Janus kinase 1, Janus kinase 2, Janus kinase 3, JTK1, JTK9, L-JAK, LCK, LSK, LYN, MATK, Ntk, p60c-src protein tyrosine kinase, PKB, protein-tyrosine kinase (ambiguous), PSCTK, PSCTK1, PSCTK2, PSCTK4, PSCTK5, PTK2, PTK2B, PTK6, PYK2, RAFTK, RAK, Rlk, Sik, SLK, SRC, SRC2, SRK, SRM, SRMS, STD, SYK, SYN, Tck, TEC, TNK1, Tsk, TXK, TYK2, TYK3, YES1, YK2, and ZAP70. This enzyme participates in 25 metabolic pathways: erbb signaling pathway, calcium signaling pathway, cell cycle, axon guidance, vegf signaling pathway, focal adhesion, adherens junction, tight junction, gap junction, jak-stat signaling pathway, natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity, t cell receptor signaling pathway, b cell receptor signaling pathway, fc epsilon ri signaling pathway, leukocyte transendothelial migration, long-term depression, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, gnrh signaling pathway, adipocytokine signaling pathway, epithelial cell signaling in helicobacter pylori, [[]], pathogenic escherichia coli infection - ehec, pathogenic escherichia coli infection - epec, chronic myeloid leukemia, and small cell lung cancer.

Structural studies

As of late 2007, 37 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 2DM0, 2DQ7, 2E2B, 2E6I, 2EKX, 2GQG, 2H8H, 2HDA, 2HIW, 2HK5, 2HWO, 2HWP, 2HYY, 2HZ0, 2HZ4, 2HZI, 2HZN, 2IJM, 2IN6, 2IO6, 2J0J, 2J0K, 2J0L, 2J0M, 2O88, 2OF2, 2OF4, 2OFU, 2OFV, 2OG8, 2OI3, 2OIQ, 2OQ1, 2OZO, 2QOH, 2V7A, and 2Z60.

References

• Robinson DR, Wu YM, Lin SF (2000). "The protein tyrosine kinase family of the human genome". Oncogene. 19: 5548–57. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1203957. PMID 11114734.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
• Roskoski R Jr (2004). "Src protein-tyrosine kinase structure and regulation". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 324: 1155–64. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.09.171. PMID 15504335.