Jump to content

Jadoon

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Rafeyjadoon (talk | contribs) at 13:10, 21 January 2011 (→‎Clans). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

The Jadoons (also Gadoon)(Pashto: جدون)are one of the largest Pashtun tribes in Pakistan.They are an acknowledged pashtun tribe of afghan origin.They originate from Jalalabad and are now located in the southern Hazara Division area of Khyber Pakhtoonkhuwa, Pakistan,[1] partly in Gadoon area in Swabi on the southern slopes of Mahaban Mountains, and partly in Abbottabad District and Haripur District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Their language is Pashto in Swabi and Hindko in Haripur and Abbottabad.They are subdivided mainly into 3 sub-tribes Salar,Mansoor and Hassanzai

Origins

The Jadoons are descended from Ashraf also known as jadoon (Gadoon) of the Panni clan of the Gharghasht Afghan. Panni, Kakar, Naghar and Dawi were four sons of Daney who was the son of Ismail, also known as Ghurghusht,who was the son of Qais Abdur Rashid. The people of this tribe call themselves jadoons, but Eastern Afghans who change the letter S`h into K`h and “j” into “G” style them Gadoons as the letter J and G are interchangeable in the Pushto language, just as jillani and Gillani are synonym[2] They created three tribes: Parni, Kakar, and Naghar (Dawi mixed with the Kakar)[2]

The Jadoons appear to have been located near the southern slopes of the Spin Ghar range, west of Iri-ab, about the time the Khas'his, these give rise to Khas'his Khel or Khakhay Khel as it is having been obliged to vacate their old seats through the hostility of the Ghwaris, written in other accounts as Ghwariah Khel, and is the clan from which the Khalils,Mohmands,Daudzais and Chamkannis descend from. Both Khas'his and Ghwaris were brothers,moved northwards towards Kabul and, while the Khas'his were dwelling within the limits of the Kabul province, on the northern side of the range of Spin Ghar, the Mohammadzais joined the Yusufzi and Mandar tribes of that sept, and together with the Jadoons continued with them as an associated and allied tribe during their subsequent vicissitudes.[3]

When these tribes made a distribution of the conquered territories after the defeat of the Dilazaks near Katlang, and they had been driven out of the Sama'h, as will be presently mentioned, the Jadoons took the lands in the eastern part of the Sama'h, near the Abae-Sin, and there they still dwell. During the course of some four centuries, since the period in question, considerable changes have taken place in these parts, but not so many as might have been expected with reference to the Afghan tribes of this locality, but the Jadoons have, since that period, pushed across the Abae-Sin, and hold lands on the east, in Kohistan of Dhamtore, and are said to number near upon ten thousand families. They are subsequently referred to in the account of that district or territory[3]

History

The Jadoons were freedom fighters and they showed bravery against their rivals, especially the Sikhs and the British with other Pashtun tribes of the region like the, Swati, Tareens, Khaji khail and Shilmani. Their leader was Khan Sultan Muhammad khan Jadoon(chief of jadoon) during the freedom efforts against the Sikhs in the 20th century.Jadoons conquered the Hazara area from sikhs and are still the biggest land owners in the area,they are the most influential people in the area.[4]

The famous historians sir J.Forbes and Sir John William Kaye said the following about the Jadoons.[5]

The Jadoons are not British subjects, though they inhabit a portion of the district called Hazara. They inhabit a portion of the frontier below, that is south of the Hussanzye tribe, lying on the right bank of the Indus, and opposite to the British town of Torbeyla. Westward their territory extends till it meets the higher ranges of the Hindoo Koosh. The Mahabun mountain, with its dense forest, lies within their boundary, and the whole tract is wild and rugged in an almost inconceivable degree. Though the Jadoons accompanied the Yoosufzyes when they descended from Kabool in the fifteenth century, and conquered and occupied the valley of Peshawaur, they claim to have an independent origin, and are separate from the Yoosufzyes. The Jadoons have spread into the neighbouring district of Hazara, and now form one of the strongest tribes of that province, occupying the central portion; their villages lying from 1,500 to 6,000 feet above the plains of the Indus. The Jadoons are a fair complexioned tribe, many of them having brown hair and beards, and ruddy colour, with grey or hazel eyes, and they are, for the most part, fair, with strong, athletic forms, extremely active, and capable of enduring great exertion and fatigue.[5]

Sir Edward Connolly said the following about the tribes of Jadoons in 1832[6]

"The Judoons are related to the Kaukar Affghan tribe and migrated to these parts, perhaps two or three centuries ago and are divided into two great branches, Salar and Munsoor of whom the first are settled to the east of Punjtar, and the rest in Drumtour. The Salars are said to have 64 villages, and to muster 6000 matchlocks; their government is a democracy, more rigid than that even of the Euosafzyes(yousufzais).I was nearly causing a quarrel at Gandaf, their chief town, by inadvertently asking who was their head Mullick. We were much struck by the appearance of wealth and comfort in their villages, which are large and populous and the Hindoos seemed to be more numerous and thriving amongst them, than in any other part of the country we visited."[7]

The Jadoons also rule the princely state of Jandala

The Jadoons occupy all of the southeastern portion of the territory between the Peshawar and Hazara borders, and southern slopes of Mahaban, having taken their present lands in the eastern Sama after the Jadoons and various Kashi chiefs of the Afghans had defeated the Dilazaks, and when Jahangir finally crushed the Dilazaks, they spread up the Dor valley as high as Abbottabad. Early in the 18th Century, on the expulsion of the Karlugh Turks by Syed Jalal Baba they appropriated the country about Dhamtour, and about hundred years later they took the Bagra tract from the remaining few Dilazaks who held it, while shortly before the Sikhs took the country their Hassanzai clan deprived the Karral of a portion of the Nilan valley".[8]

Confusion with the Yadhavs

James Tod was an Englishman and a Colonel, who served in the East India Company and wrote a book Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan Or the Central and Western Rajpoot on his experience in the Indian subcontinent. He conjectured that the Jadoons were related to the to the Yadu race and further wrote that they descended from Salbahan at the period of the expulsion from Gujni.[9] Tod also provides reference to a dreadful battle at Jodpoor in which a Jadoon Kishore leads the fight in 1737.[10] On the other hand, William Wilson Hunter has referred to the Jadun as Rajputs of Mewat.[11]

However it is clear[according to whom?] that since James Tod was not a linguist or historian, he was simply mistaken. This is further supported by his own acknowledgement on page xviii of his book where he states as one of his headings "Conjecture regarding the Jadoon tribe of Eusofzye". In addition, Montstuart Elphinstone, a Scotsman, a statesman, historian and first British Envoy to the King of Afghanistan and so a contemporary of Tod also did not mention this when he described his encounter with the Jadoons and Yousafzai, in his book, Account of the Kingdom of Caubol published in 1815, he states, "Among the Jadoons, a branch of the Eusofzyes..." (p. 17). Furhermore, the "Yadu" or Yadhavs descendants of the King Yadu and from which Lord Krishna descends from) as they are properly called do not lay claim to this assumption by Tod. Among the Pashtuns of the North West Frontier, there are Rajputs who have since converted to Islam and speak Pashto, but still claim their Rajput heritage.

Clans

They are divided mainly into three clans, namely: Salar, Mansoor and Hassanzai.

Hassazai's are furtherly divided into:-

Khan khel Sheikhmali Khail, Bercha khail, Peno khel, Ismail Khail, Badal Zai, Hassain Khail,Khawaja Ahmed Khail, Ilyas Khail, Panu Khel, Dawlatzai, UmarZai, Mulla Khail, Mohammadzai, Shoaib Zai, Musa Zai, Imran Zai, Noroz Khani(Gali waal) Taj khani, Haji khail, Guram Zai, adeeen khail, Ondidar, Badal Zai, Shohali, Gujjar Khail.[12]

Notable people

From Karachi: Jhanzeb khan jadoon was central General secretary of Pakhtoon Students Fedration (Pakistan) Akhter Jadoon was elected as M.P.A twice from PS-89(Karachi), and is currently minister of transport in Sindh. From Swabi: Ajoon Khan Jadoon was elected M.P.A. in West Pakistan Assembly twice(1960s). Yaqoob Khan Jadoon was elect M.N.A 1985. Ghafoor Khan Jadoon was two time M.P.A and minister of food. Ashraf Khan Jadoon was M.P.A Sarfaraz Khan Jadoon is now M.P.A (2008 election) Noman Shah jadoon secretary zakwat o usher. From Abbotabad: Khan Faqira Khan Jadoon (Ex MLA and leader of All India Muslim League) Niaz Pasha Jadoon Chief Editor Daily Shamal Abbottabad.(Renowned Journalist And Prominent personality of the region) Iqbal khan jadoon-ex Cheif minister of Khyber Pakhtunkhuwa. Amanullah Khan Jadoon (Ex Former Federal Minister of Petroleum). Brig. Muhammad Anwar Khan Jadoon. SI(M) (Baloch Regt) Shamroz Kahn Jadoon Leader of PPP in Abbottabad and Ex MPA and Population Minister of Khyber Pakhtoonkhuwa. Ali Afzal Khan Jadoon Ex LAW Minister. Anayatullah khan jadoon MPA Nisar Khan Jadoon elect MPA 2002. Fazal ur Rehman Khan Jadoon Ex Director Education Hazara Division Dr. Azhar Jadoon MD Women Medical college Muhammad Mushtaq Jadoon Inter Provincial Coordination Department +92-91-9212325 Shujat khan jadoon best writer of abbottabad Khan Bahadar Khan Jadoon A.G.M Pakistan International Airline. From Haripur: Anwar Khan Jadoon of Kholian Bala, Harripur (Tehsildar (Rtd) Mansehra) Haji Zaid Akhtar Khan Jadoon (Nazim UC Kholian Bala, Distt Haripur) Gul Faraz Khan Jadoon (Manager National Saving Bank) Khan Mohammad Khan Jadoon (Famous Social and Political personality) Saleem Khan Jadoon (Nazim uc BAGRA , HARIPUR) Khan Zada Khan Jadoon ( Revenue Officer ) Mansha Khan Jadoon( Minstry Of Defense NRTC ) Capt Dr. Safdar Khan Jadoon Nosherwan Khan Jadoon (Exective Manager The Bank of Khyber) Maj R Afrasiab Khan Jadoon Taj Muhammad Khan Jadoon (Capt Rtd Pak Navy) Munsif Khan Jadoon (late) of Basti Sher Khan(Ex MPA) Sajjad khan jadoon of bagra (politician PML-N) Brig Salawat Khan, of Dobandi-Baldher. Sharafat Khan, Qatar Gas Company, Doha, Qatar. Waqar Khan, FFC Capt Iftikhar Khan Jadoon Lt Ammar Khan Maj Atif Khan Jadoon

See also

External links

Other sources

  • Tazkara Sarfaroshan e Sarhad by Muhammad Shafi Sabir.
  • The Jadoons by Sultan Khan Jadoon (2001).
  • "Khudi Na Bech" By Ajoon Khan Jadoon.
  • Sir Olaf Caroe, his book "The Pathans".
  • "Tarikh-e-Khan Jahaniwa-Mukhazan-e-Afghani", by Kawaja Nimatullah Harvi,
  • "Afghan" by Muhammad Asif Fitrat
  • Gazetteer of Hazra District 1907
  • District Census Report Hazra
  • SHAJRA-E-NASSAB OF JADOON AUTHOR MIR AFZAL KHAN JADOON (NAZAMI SHAIB) OF NAWANSHEHR
  • http://www.pas.gov.pk/index.php/members/profile/en/19/269

References

  1. ^ Hazara Province (Hazzara), Infrastructure Project Development Facility (IPDF) - Government of Pakistan
  2. ^ a b H. A. Rose, IBBETSON, Maclagan (1990). Asian Educational Services (ed.). Glossary of the Tribes and Castes of the Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province. p. 198. ISBN 8120605055.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) (page 223 has a genealogical map)
  3. ^ a b Major H.G.Raverty , Bombay Native Infantry (retired). Published London, 1880.
  4. ^ Tazkara Sarfaroshan e Sarhad by Muhammad Shafi Sabir
  5. ^ a b Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register for the British and Foreign India, China, and Australasia. Vol.XXXV-New Series, May–August, 1841
  6. ^ Notes on Afghanistan and part of Baluchistan: geographical, ethnographical, and historical. Extracted from the writings of Afghán and Tajzík historians, geographers, and genealogists; the histories of the Ghúris, the Turk sovereigns of the Dilhí Kingdom, the mughal sovereigns of the house of Tímúr, and other Muhammadan chronicles; and from personal observations.
  7. ^ The First Afghan War, in the Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register for the British and Foreign India, China, and Australasia. Vol.XXXV-New Series, May–August, 1841.
  8. ^ http://khurramjadoononline.blogspot.com/2009/01/jadoons.html
  9. ^ Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan Or the Central and Western Rajpoot by James Tod page 222
  10. ^ Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan Or the Central and Western Rajpoot by James Tod Page 58
  11. ^ The Indian empire: its peoples, history, and products by Sir William Wilson Hunter page 852
  12. ^ http://jadoons.com/clans-of-jadoons/

''Waleed Khan Jadoon Nawanshehr Mohallah Khalil Zai Phone No 03362288808 Student Categiry:Pushtun tribes

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jadoon&oldid=409158553"