List of human-powered aircraft

This is a list of human-powered aircraft

Name	Year	Country	Designer / Builder	Notes
Abhilasha HPA	2009	Netherlands	Jesse van Kuijk
Aerocicloplano	1906	Italy	Aldo Corazzo
Aerocicloplano	1907	Italy	Luigi Teichfuss
Aerovelo	2013	Canada	Todd Reichert; Cameron Robertson
Airglow HPA	1990	Cambridge, UK	John and Mark McIntyre
Bauer Bird	1973	USA	Ted Bauer
Betterfly	2009	UK	David Bardford
Bionic Bat	1983	California, USA	Paul MacCready Jr.	Two Kremer speed challenges won, doing 1500 M in 163.28 seconds 18 July 1984 and 143.08 seconds 2 December 1984
Bird Ornithopter		UK	Bryn Bird	Two prototypes built, but no record of any flights.
Bliesner 1 to 3	1978	Seattle, USA	Wayne T. Bliesner	unsuccessful pre-cursors to Bliesners more successful efforts. No.3 crashed during towed flight attempts.
Bliesner 4	1979	Seattle, USA	Wayne T. Bliesner	100 yards
Bliesner 5	1980	Seattle, USA	Wayne T. Bliesner	1 mile, crashed during testing.
Bliesner 6	1980	Seattle, USA	Wayne T. Bliesner	a few hops, crashed during testing.
Bliesner 7	1981	Seattle USA	Wayne T. Bliesner	300 yards
Boffin-Coffin	1988	New Zealand	Walther	Flight trials were unsuccessful, eventually abandoned after persistent ground-handling damage and a violent gust of wind entering the hangar where the aircraft was stored.
BURD	1972	USA	Massachusetts Institute of Technology	'Biplane Ultralight Research Device'
BURD II	1974–1976	USA	Massachusetts Institute of Technology	'Biplane Ultralight Research Device II'
Chrysalis HPA	1979	USA	Parks, Youngren & Massachusetts Institute of Technology	40 pilots, some inexperienced.
Chyeranovskii BICh-18	1937	USSR		Only known to have flown as a glider with the wing mechanism locked.
Cochkanoff HPA	1974	USSR / Russia	Cochkanoff
CT-2.2 RockHopper2	2005	Japan	Yoshiyasu Hirano / Coolthrust	Flew over 18 km at the 29th Japan international Birdman Rally in 2005 piloted by Sosuke Tanaka.
Czerwinski HPA	1967	Ottawa, Canada	Czerwinski	A two-seater with twin propellers built in Ottawa, but no record of any flights.
Daedalus 87	1987 Nov	USA	Drela / Massachusetts Institute of Technology	MIT Daedalus Project.
Daedalus 88	1988 Mar	USA	Drela / Massachusetts Institute of Technology	MIT Daedalus Project.
Da Vinci II		USA	California Polytechnic State University
Da Vinci III	1989	USA	California Polytechnic State University	- 8 second flight not controlled by pilot.
Dragonfly HPA	1975	Prestwick Scotland	Roger Hardy	short flights
Dumbo-Mercury	1971	UK	P.K. Green, W.F.Ball and M.J.Rudd / Weybridge MPAG	Originally nickname 'Dumbo' at Weybridge. When taken over by John Potter at RAF Cranwell, it was renamed Mercury.
DUT Icarus 001		Netherlands	Delft University of Technology	with the Movement Science Faculty of the University of Maastricht
Egret I	1973	Japan	Kimura / Nihon University	37 yards.
Egret 2	1974	Japan	Kimura / Nihon University	222 yards
Egret 3	1974	Japan	Kimura / Nihon University
Farman Aviette HPA	1912	France
Flycycle	1974
Frost Emmett HPA	1970s and 1984	Auckland, New Zealand	John Frost / University of Auckland
Gamera HPH	1972	USA	University of Maryland	Human Powered Helicopter
Gamera II HPH	2012?	USA	University of Maryland	Human Powered Helicopter
Gerhardt Cycleplane	1923	Dayton, Ohio, USA	Flight Test Section at McCook Field	20-foot (6.1 m) hop
Gokuraku Tombo	1986 -	Japan	Team Aeroscepsy	Several HPAs built by the team are called the same name. Two Japanese records set under the FAI rules, 4437m (May 1992) and 10881m (Aug. 2003) the 22nd Japan International Birdman Rally (JIBR) HPA section won, 23688.24m *the first HPA reached at opposite shore (northwest shore) of Lake Biwa from start point at east shore. the 30th JIBR HPA-Time trial section won. Piloted by Hironori Nakayama
Gossamer Albatross	1978	California, USA	Paul MacCready Jr. & Peter Lissamen.	Kremer Prize for first cross-channel flight, 12 June 1979.
Gossamer Condor (Pasadena version)	1976	Pasadena, California, USA	Paul MacCready Jr. & Peter Lissamen.	One short hop only, in the car park of the Pasadena Rose Bowl.
Gossamer Condor (Mojave version)	1976	Mojave, California, USA	Paul MacCready Jr. & Peter Lissamen.	(Mojave version)
Gossamer Condor (Shafter airport version)	1977, March	California, USA	Paul MacCready Jr. & Peter Lissamen.	Kremer Figure-Eight Prize 23 August 1977.
HV-1 Mufli	1935	Frankfurt, Germany	Helmut Haessler & Villinger	MUSKELFLUG INSTITUT (Institute of Muscle-Powered-Flight) This was set up in 1935, within the Gesellschaft Polytechnic, Frankfurt, director - Oskar Ursinus - 779 yards from bungee launch
HVS HPA	1982	Germany	Hutter/Villinger/Schule	operated in 20 mph winds
Hardy HPA			Roger Hardy
Hartman HPO	1958	UK	Emiel hartman
Hill Flying Wing			Hill
Hurel Aviette HPA	1974	France	Maurice Hurel
HYPER-CHick "KoToNo Limited"	1992	Japan	Toshiaki Yoshikawa / Team Active Gals	First female flight in Japan on 5 July 1992 with Kotono Hori as pilot. 119.45 m (130.190 yards) / 22.98 seconds
Ibis HPA	1978	Japan	Nihon University	further development of the Jupiter - Stork line.
Icarus HPA-1	1977	California USA	Taras Kiceniuk Jr.	Longest flight of 30 seconds at Shafter Airport
Jupiter HPA	1972	UK	Christopher Roper	1171 yards 30 lb payload
Linnet I	1966	Japan	Prof. Kimura / Research Institute of Science and Technology, Nihon University	47 yards height 9 feet.
Linnet II	1967	Japan	Prof. Kimura / Research Institute of Science and Technology, Nihon University	100 yards height 5 feet.
Linnet III	1970	Japan	Prof. Kimura / Research Institute of Science and Technology, Nihon University	34 yards
Linnet IV	1971	Japan	Prof. Kimura / Research Institute of Science and Technology, Nihon University	66 yards
Lippisch 1929 Man Powered Ornithopter	1929	Germany	Alexander Lippisch	flown by Hans Werner Krause.
Liverpuffin	1972	UK	Dr Keith Sherwin	Built from the remains of the Puffin II by students from Liverpool University led by Dr Keith Sherwin
Malliga HPA	1967	Austria	Josef Malliga
Man-Eagle 1	1982	Seattle USA	Wayne T. Bliesner	short flights a.k.a. 'Bliesner 8'
Man-Eagle 3	1983	Seattle USA	Wayne T. Bliesner	Kremer Speed Course
Man-Eagle 4	1985	Seattle USA	Wayne T. Bliesner
Maruoka Man-Powered Screw-Wing Machine	1902-3	Tokyo, Japan	Katsura Maruoka	^[1]
Mayfly	1985	Essex, England	Brian Kerry
McAvoy MPA-1	1970	USA	James M. McAvoy	Georgia Tech.
Michelob Light Eagle	1986	USA	Drela / Massachusetts Institute of Technology	37 miles. Onboard test equipment
Micron HPA	1976	Nottingham England	Peter Wright
MiLan'81	1981	Japan	Naito / Nihon University	645 yards
MiLan'82	1982	Japan	Naito / Nihon University	1800 yards
Monarch A	1983	USA	Drela / Massachusetts Institute of Technology	29 Flights
Monarch B	1983	USA	Drela / Massachusetts Institute of Technology	First Kremer Speed Prize
Möwe6-B	1989 - 1990	Japan	Nihon University Aero Student Group (NASG)	the first Japanese record set under the FAI rules. distance: 3708.23m (Mar. 1990)
Möwe20	2002 - 2004	Japan	Nihon University Aero Student Group (NASG)	the 27th Japan International Birdman Rally(JIBR) HPA section won, 34654.10m *pilot was not exhausted but took water by organizer direction because the HPA reached at end of flightable area (southwest side of Lake Biwa) (Jul. 2003) - stright distance record in JIBR Japanese record set under the FAI rules. 11874m / 46min 40s (Aug. 2004) Piloted by Kai Hirawata
Möwe21	2003 - 2005	Japan	Nihon University Aero Student Group (NASG)	Japanese record set under the FAI rules. 49172m/ 1h 48m 12s (6 Aug. 2005) - current Japanese records Piloted by Nariyuki Masuda
Mozi HPA	2009	PRC	OXAI Aircraft Company / Mao Yiqing
Musculair I	1984	Munich Germany	Günther Rochelt & Schoberl	Two different Prizes first passenger
Musculair II	1985	Munich Germany	Günther Rochelt & Schoberl	Kremer Speed Prize
Newbury Manflier	1979	Newbury, Berks, England	Nick Goodhart	PTwo seater with separate pods - pilot control tasks shared
Nextz	2009 -	Japan	Team 'F'	the 33rd Japan International Birdman Rally HPA-Time trial section won. the first Japanese record of speed under the FAI rules, doing 1500m in 3min 15sconds / 27.69km/h (22 Oct. 2012) - current Japanese record
Nieuport Aviette 1921	1921	France
Northrop Institute of Technology HPA	1972	USA	Malcolm Smith / NIT	two-seater - not completed
Pedaliante	1937	Italy	Enea Bossi & Vittorio Bonomi	? 40 unaided flights ?
Pelargos 2	1983, Dec	Mohlin Switzerland	Horlacher/Mohlin/Dubs	1100 yards
Pelargos 3	1985, May	Mohlin Switzerland	Horlacher/Mohlin/Frank	875 yards
Perkins Inflatable HPA	1959	USA	Daniel Perkins	pre-cursors to the Reluctant Phoenix
Phillips Mk.1 HPA	1976 ?	Humberside England	Ron Phillips	First female pilot.
Phillips Mk.2 HPA	1976 ?	Humberside England	Ron Phillips	Two seater
Posniak HPA	1936	Italy	B. Posniak
Poulain/Farman Aviette	1921	France	Gabriel Poulain / Farman
Privett HPA		USA	Privett
PSU Zephyrus		USA	Pennsylvania State University
Puffin 1	1961	UK	Wimpenny, Vann & Hatfield Man Powered Aircraft Club	993 yards
Puffin 2	1965	UK	Wimpenny, Vann & Hatfield Man Powered Aircraft Club	875 yards, height 17 feet, turns
Raven Project	2001	USA	Paul Illian
Ray	2008	Japan	Tohoku University Windnauts (the HPA club at Tohoku University)	the 32nd Japan International Birdman Rally (JIBR) HPA-Distance section won, 36km (round trip - one way: 18km/ this is the longest distance under the rules at the time) Piloted by Wataru Nishiwaki - round trip distance record in JIBR
Reluctant Phoenix	1950's and 60's	RAE Cardington, UK	Daniel Perkins	The culmination of Daniel Perkins attempts to build a viable inflatable man powered aircraft, flown inside the R100 airship hangars.
Rickman umbrella wing	1909	UK	Rickman
Royal Spoonbill	1983 to 1987	RAE Cardington, UK	Robert Le Johnno-Johnson / NZHPFG	Never completed due to a re-design after being vandalised.
Sato Maeda SM-OX
Seehase MD-2	1937	Germany	Hans Seehase
Singapore University Man powered Aircraft 1		Singapore	Singapore University students / Dr Keith Sherwin	Of the two projects only one flew.
Singapore University Man powered Aircraft 2		Singapore	Singapore University students / Dr Keith Sherwin	Of the two projects only one flew.
SM-OX	1969	Japan	Hiroshi Sato, Kenichi Maeda / Fukuoka Daiichi Highschool Department of Aeroengine	31 yards height 6 feet
Snowbird HPO	2010	Canada	University of Toronto
Stewart HPOs	1959 -	UK	Alan Stewart	several unsuccessful human powered ornithopters built between 1959 and 1979
Stork A	1976	Japan	J. Ishii / Nihon University	651 yards - Re-designed Jupiter from the UK.
Stork B	1976	Japan	J. Ishii / Nihon University	2290 yards
SUMPAC	1961	UK	Ann Marsden, Alan Lassiere & David Williams / Southampton University Man powered Aircraft Committee	First independently observed unaided flight. Flown by Derek Piggott.
Swift A		Japan	Naito / Nihon University
Swift B		Japan	Naito / Nihon University
To Phoenix Inflatable HPA	1982	UK	Frederick E. To / Air-Plane Co. Ltd.^[2]
Toucan 1	1972	Radlett, Herts, England	Pressnell / Hertfordshire Pedal Aeronauts	2 seater - Bryan Bowen & Derek May
Toucan II	1974–1978	Radlett, Herts, England	Pressnell / Hertfordshire Pedal Aeronauts
Ursinus 1925 HPA	1925	Germany	Oskar Ursinus
Vélair 88	1988	Stuttgart, Germany	Peer Frank	3390 yards
Vélair 89	1989	Stuttgart, Germany	Peer Frank	3390 yards
Vertigo HPH	1987	Yeovil, England	Andrew Cranfield	Human powered helicopter - short hops, but transmission problems slowed development.
Vine HPA	1962	South Africa	S.W. Vine	200 yards - One flight only at Krugersdorp, Transvaal, South Africa
VMM HPA	1974	Belgium	Verstralte/Masschelin/Masschelin	Heights of 15 ft at Calais-Marck airport due to Belgian authorities refusing permission to fly.
Wright HPA	1972	Nottingham England	Peter Wright	300 yards at 4 feet - elevator not used
Yuri I HPH	1994	Japan	Akira Naito, Nihon Aero Student Group (NASG)	Human powered helicopter
Zaschka Human-Power Aircraft	1934	Berlin, Germany	Engelbert Zaschka
Zephyrus β	1997	Japan	Ochanomizu Human-powered aircraft study group	Japanese female record set under the FAI rules, 1004.25m / 3min. 3sec. (16 Nov. 1997). Piloted by Chihiro Muraoka - current Japanese female records
Zinno Olympian ZB-1	1976	North Kingstown R.I. USA	Lt.Col. Joe Zinno, USAF (Ret.)	First controlled flight in Americas [Bernhard C. F. Klein, USA, millpab=aol.com, 05.07.2008 This pedalpowered "aircraft" was designed and built by Lt.Col. Zinno, USAF (Ret.) On his fourth try on April 21, 1976, at Quonset Point, RI., Joe Zinno barely got off the ground for a few seconds. The machine was damaged in a hangar by a gust of wind, coming in through the open door.]

References

^ Mikesh, Robert and Shorzoe Abe. Japanese Aircraft 1910–1941. London: Putnam, 1990. ISBN 0-85177-840-2
^ Taylor, John W. R.. Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1982-83. Jane's Publishing Company. London. 1983. ISBN 0-7106-0748-2

Bibliography

Mikesh, Robert and Shorzoe Abe. Japanese Aircraft 1910–1941. London: Putnam, 1990. ISBN 0-85177-840-2
Taylor, John W. R.. Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1982-83. Jane's Publishing Company. London. 1983. ISBN 0-7106-0748-2

[Mikesh-1] Mikesh, Robert and Shorzoe Abe. Japanese Aircraft 1910–1941. London: Putnam, 1990. ISBN 0-85177-840-2

[JAWA_82-3-2] Taylor, John W. R.. Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1982-83. Jane's Publishing Company. London. 1983. ISBN 0-7106-0748-2

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