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Yamaha YZF-R1

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Yamaha YZF-R1
ManufacturerYamaha Motor Company
Also calledR1
Production1998–
PredecessorYamaha YZF1000R
ClassSport bike[1] or Superbike[2][3][4]
Transmission6 Speed
BrakesHydraulic disc
Fuel capacity18 L
RelatedYamaha YZF-R6

The Yamaha YZF-R1, or R1, is an open class sport bike,[1] or superbike,[2][3][4] motorcycle manufactured by Yamaha Motor Company since 1998.

History 1998–1999

Yamaha launched the YZF-R1 after redesigning the Genesis engine to create a more compact engine by raising the gearbox input shaft and allowing the gearbox output shaft to be placed beneath it. This design feature was revolutionary, called a 'stacked gearbox', it has set a precedent for other manufacturers to follow. This "compacting" of the engine made the total engine length much shorter overall, thereby, allowing the wheelbase of the motorcycle to be shortened significantly. This, in turn, allowed the frame design to place the weight of the engine in the frame to aid handling because of an optimized center of gravity. The swingarm was able to be made longer without compromising the overall wheelbase, which was a short 1385mm. These features, combined with a steep fork angle, exceptional brakes and racing streamlining, created a bike that was unbeatable on the race track at the time. Four Kehin CV carburetors of 40mm diameter fed fuel to the engine, 140 bhp was claimed by the factory, at the countershaft. USD 41mm front forks supplied by KYB mounted 300mm semi-floating disk brakes. The instrument panel was revolutionary, having an electrical problem, self diagnosis system inbuilt, and digital speed readout. The exhaust system utilised an EXUP valve, which controlled the exhaust gas flow, to maximise engine power production at all revs, creating a high powered but also torquey engine. The twin headlights were powerful, allowing high speed travelling at night. The bike had a compression ratio of 11.8:1 with a six-speed transmission and multi-plate clutch.

The Yamaha YZF-R6 was introduced in 1999 as the super sport version of the R1 super bike.

2005 YZF-R1 instrumentation

The 1999 R1 saw only minor changes, apart from paint and graphics. Notable improvements were a redesigned gear change linkage and the gear change shaft length being increased. Fuel tank reserve capacity was reduced from 5.5 to 4.0 litres (1.2 to 0.9 imp gal or 1.5 to 1.1 US gal), while the total fuel tank capacity was unchanged at 18 L (4.0 imp gal; 4.8 US gal).

Motorcycle Consumer News tests of the 1998 model year YZF-R1 yielded a 0 to 60 mph (0 to 97 km/h) time of 2.96 seconds and 0 to 100 mph (0 to 161 km/h) of 5.93 seconds, a 1⁄4-mile (400 m) time of 10.19 seconds at 131.40 mph (211.47 km/h), and a top speed of 168 mph (270 km/h), with deceleration from 60 to 0 mph (97 to 0 km/h) of 113.9 ft (34.7 m).[1] For the 1999 model year, Cycle World tests found a 0 to 60 mph time of 3.0 seconds, 1⁄4-mile time of 10.31 seconds at 139.55 mph (224.58 km/h), and a top speed of 170 mph (270 km/h).[5]

2000–2001

2001 YZF-R1

In 2000, Yamaha introduced a series of changes to improve the bike, and minor changes to the bodywork to allow for better long duration ride handling. Yamaha's main design goal was to sharpen the pre-existing bike and not to redesign it. The dry weight was reduced five pounds to 414 pounds (188 kg).[6]

At 127.8 horsepower (95.3 kW) at the rear wheel,[6] top-end output remained the same, but changes to the engine management system were intended to result in a smoother, broader distribution of power. The bodywork was still unmistakably R1, although a few changes were made resulting in a 3% reduction in the drag coefficient. The headlight housing's profile was sharpened, the side panels were made more aerodynamic and slippery, and the windscreen was reshaped for better rider protection.

The seating area was also updated. The fuel tank was reshaped, with a more relaxed rear angle and deeper leg recesses to provide for a better rider feel. The seat extended further towards the rear of the tank and the new, steeper, seating position put additional weight on the front end. All of this was aimed at improving weight bias and offering sharper cornering and more stability.

Mechanically, the carburetors were re-jetted in an effort to improve throttle response, especially in the low end, all the way up to the bike's 11,750 rpm redline. The redesigned camshafts were lightened and used internal oil ways to lubricate journals that, when combined with reduced tappet clearance, provided less friction and created less engine noise. The gearbox received a taller first gear, a hollow chrome-moly shift-shaft with an additional bearing and a completely redesigned shift linkage and foot pedal. These changes were aimed at eliminating problems with the transmission in earlier models, and to help to seamlessly transfer the bike's power to the road.

2002–2003

2002 YZF-R1 with aftermarket high-mount exhaust

A new fuel injection system was introduced for the 2002 year, which worked like a carburetor by employing a CV carburetor slide controlled by vacuum created by the engine. With a similar power output to the 2000-2001 bike, the engine remained largely the same. One notable improvement was the use of new cylinder sleeves of a high silicon content alloy containing magnesium that minimized heat induced distortion, reducing oil consumption. Also in 2002, Yamaha released the newly developed "Deltabox III" frame,[7] which, with its hydro formed construction, reduced the total number of frame welds. These changes improved the frame's rigidity by 30%. The cooling system was redesigned for better performance and compactness. The exhaust system was changed from a 4-into-1 to a new titanium 4-into-2-into-1 design. The rear end of the motorcycle was updated and streamlined with a LED taillight. This allowed for very clean rear body lines when choosing one of several common after market modifications, such as removal of the turn signal stalks and stock license plate bracket; and replacing them with assorted available replacements that "hug" the body or frame. Also, front end lighting was improved in 2002, between the higher definition headlights and also side "parking" lights within the twin-headlight panel, giving a more angular appearance. This also gave additional after market possibilities, such as to remove the front turn signals and use these front lights as directional or hazard markers while stopped. For 2003, the only change was fitted hazard warning lights and dipped headlights, which stay on all the time the engine is running.

In 2002, Cycle World reported fuel mileage of 38 miles per US gallon (6.2 L/100 km; 46 mpg‑imp), a 0 to 60 miles per hour (0 to 97 km/h) time of 2.9 seconds, a 1⁄4-mile (400 m) time of 10.32 seconds at 137.60 miles per hour (221.45 km/h), and a top speed of 167 miles per hour (269 km/h).[8]

2004–2005

2004 YZF-R1

With the competition advancing, Yamaha made some major changes to the model. This included style updates, like an under seat twin exhaust, and performance upgrades including radial brakes, and, for the first time an R1 Ram-air intake. Furthermore, the tendency for wheelies by earlier productions was reduced by changing the geometry of the frame and weight distribution. The all-new engine was no longer used as a stressed member of the chassis, and had a separate top crankcase and cylinder block.

The 2004 R1 weighs 172 kilograms (379 lb) dry. The conventional front brake calipers were replaced by radially mounted calipers, activated by a radial master cylinder. A factory-installed steering damper was also added this year. Combined with the changes to the frame, this helped to eliminate the tendency of the handlebars to shake violently during rapid acceleration or deceleration on less-than-perfect surfaces, a phenomenon known as a speed wobble or tank slapper.

Motorcycle Consumer News tests of the 2004 model year YZF-R1S yielded a 0 to 60 mph (0 to 97 km/h) time of 3.04 seconds and 0 to 100 mph (0 to 161 km/h) of 5.42 seconds, a quarter-mile time of 9.90 seconds at 144.98 mph (233.32 km/h), and a top speed of 179 mph (288 km/h).[1]

2006

2006 YZF-R1

For 2006, the swingarm was extended by 20 millimetres (0.79 in) to reduce acceleration instability. In this year, Yamaha also released a limited edition version in original Yamaha racing colors to celebrate its 50th anniversary. The model (LE/SP) had a Kenny Roberts front and rear custom Öhlins suspension units developed by the same team as the YZR-M1 MotoGP bike. Custom forged aluminum Marchesini wheels specifically designed for the LE shaved nearly a pound off the unsprung weight. A back torque-limiting slipper clutch, and an integrated lap timer rounded out the package, making the LE virtually a production racer. Only 500 units were made for the United States with another 500 units for Europe.

2007-2008

2007-2008 YZF-R1
2007 Yamaha YZF-R1 used by Noriyuki Haga in the Superbike World Championship.

An all-new YZF-R1 for the 2007 model year was announced on 8 October 2006. It had an all-new inline four-cylinder engine, going back to a more conventional four-valves per cylinder, rather than Yamaha's trade mark five-valve Genesis layout. It also had the Yamaha Chip Control Intake (YCC-I) electronic variable-length intake funnel system, Yamaha Chip Control Throttle (YCC-T) fly-by-wire throttle system, slipper-type clutch, all-new aluminum Deltabox frame and swingarm, six-piston radial-mount front brake calipers with 310 mm discs, a wider radiator, and M1 styling on the new large ram-air ports in the front fairing. There were no major changes for 2008. Power was 152.9 horsepower (114.0 kW) @ 10,160 rpm.[2]

Motorcycle Consumer News tests of the 2007 model year YZF-R1 yielded a 0 to 60 mph (0 to 97 km/h) time of 2.94 seconds and 0 to 100 mph (0 to 161 km/h) of 5.46 seconds, a ¼ mile time of 9.88 seconds at 145.50 mph (234.16 km/h).[1]

2009-2014

R1 big-bang at Motor show

In late 2008, Yamaha announced they would release an all new R1 for 2009. The new R1 takes engine technology from the M1 MotoGP bike with its cross plane crankshaft. Crossplane technology puts each connecting rod 90° from the next, with an uneven firing interval of 270°- 180°- 90°- 180°. The 2009 R1 was the first production sportbike to use a crossplane crankshaft and big-bang firing order.[9] The power delivery is the same as a 90° V4 with a 180° crank, such as the Honda VFR800 and very similar to the Yamaha V-Max which has been lauded for its exhaust sound.[10] Yamaha claims the bike would give the rider 'two engines in one', the low end torque of a twin and the pace of an inline four. As with previous incarnations of the R1, the 2009 model keeps its Yamaha Chip Controlled Throttle (YCC-T).

Another advancement included on the 2009 model was D-Mode Throttle Control Valve Mapping, which allows a rider to choose between three distinct maps depending on the rider’s environment. Each mode of operation controls YCC-T characteristics, changing how the R1 reacts to rider input. The first mode is Standard Mode, which delivers performance for a wide variety of driving conditions. The second mode is "A" mode which will give a rider more available power in the lower to mid RPM range. The third mode is "B" mode, which is a dial back of the previous mode, designed to soften throttle response in inclement weather and heavy traffic. D-Mode throttle control is controlled by the rider through a forward mode button near the throttle. The instrument panel is more comprehensive than previous models, and the 2009/2010 Yamaha YZF-R1 model had a gear indicator as standard.

Overall handling of the R1 was improved through changes to frame and suspension. A new sub frame was designed for the 2009 R1, cast from magnesium giving lower weight aiding mass centralisation. The rear shock absorber on the 2009 offers variable speed damping, as well as an easy to tweak pre-load via a screw adjustment. The rear shock now connects underneath the swing arm through a different linkage; a change from previous years' models. To improve overall handling and safety, Yamaha included an electronic steering damper.

The front has the same classic R1 shape, though the air intake location and headlamp design have been revamped on the 2009 model; using only projector lamps, and using the new-found design space within the nose cone to reroute ram air tubes next to the lights.

Testing the 2010 model year in the confines of a tri-oval racetrack, Motorcyclist magazine reported a 1⁄4-mile (400 m) time of 10.02 seconds @ 144.23 mph (232.12 km/h), and fuel consumption of 25 miles per US gallon (9.4 L/100 km; 30 mpg‑imp).[11] Motorcycle Consumer News reported a tested top speed of 176.7 mph (284.4 km/h).[1]

In 2011, the R1 received a new front design and other minor changes.

In 2012 the Yamaha YZF-R1 received traction control and a special edition 50th Anniversary R1 was released. The special edition color is inspired from Assen TT-winning MotoGP bike. The special edition commemorates the participation of Yamaha in MotoGP.

2015

2015 YZF-R1M

At the centennial EICMA motorcycle show, Yamaha officially unveiled a new generation of R1.[12] Yamaha claims a wet weight of 199 kg (439 lb)[13] The new bike has an electronics package that includes a sophisticated traction and slide control, a progressively-tapering antiwheelie system, linked antilock brakes, launch control, a quickshifter, and selectable power modes.[citation needed] Information is fed to the bike through a 6-axis gyro (Inertial Measure Unit) and other sensors over 100 times a second.[citation needed] Power delivery is tapered through both retarded ignition and fuel cuts.[citation needed] Engine changes include shortened bore-to-stroke ratio, larger airbox, a finger-follower valve system, and for the first time on a registerable bike, fracture split titanium conrods. Chassis dimensions remain identical to the previous generation with the exception of a shorter wheelbase and swingarm.[citation needed] It comes standard with magnesium wheels. Information is presented to the rider through a user-customizable thin-film display.[citation needed]

A second higher-spec, limited production model will also be produced called the R1M, and will be differentiated from the standard model by having more expensive components such as electronic semi-active Öhlins suspension, carbon fibre bodywork, an aluminium fuel tank, various magnesium components, and stickier Bridgestone tires.[citation needed]

Specifications

Year 1998 - 1999[5][14] 2000–2001[15][16] 2002 - 2003[8][17] 2004–2005 2006 2006 LE 2007[18]-2008 2009–2010[11]
Engine
Type 998 cc (60.9 cu in), liquid-cooled, 20-valve, DOHC, inline four-cylinder 998 cc, liquid-cooled, 16-valve, DOHC, inline four-cylinder 998 cc, liquid-cooled, 16-valve (titanium), DOHC, in-line four-cylinder, cross-plane crankshaft
Bore × stroke 74 mm × 58 mm (2.9 in × 2.3 in) 77 mm × 53.6 mm (3.03 in × 2.11 in) 78 mm × 52.2 mm (3.07 in × 2.06 in)
Fuel system Carburetor Mikuni BDSR40 carburetors with TPS Mikuni fuel injection Fuel injection, motor-driven secondary throttle valves Fuel injection, dual-valve throttle bodies with motor-driven secondary valves Fuel Injection with YCC-T and YCC-I
Compression ratio 11.8:1 12.5:1 12.7:1
Rev limiter 13,750 rpm
Manufacturer rated horsepower (crank) 150 hp (110 kW)[19] 150.0 hp (111.9 kW) @ 10,000 rpm 152.0 hp (113.3 kW) @ 10,500 rpm 172 hp (128 kW), 180 hp (130 kW) with ram air[20] 180 hp (130 kW), 128.7 kW (172.6 hp) @ 12,500 rpm[21] 132.4 kW (177.6 hp) @ 12,500 rpm / 139.0 kW (186.4 hp) @ 12,500 rpm with ram air [22] 133.9 kW (179.6 hp) @ 12,500 rpm without ram air [23]
Rear wheel horsepower 129.4 hp (96.5 kW),[1] 129.3 hp (96.4 kW) @ 10,550 rpm[5] 130 hp (97 kW)[16] 127.2 hp (94.9 kW),[1] 134.1 hp (100.0 kW) @10,800 rpm[8] 152.9 hp (114.0 kW) @ 10,160 rpm,[2] 156.7 hp (116.9 kW)[1] 146.2 hp (109.0 kW) @11,500[11]
Torque 72.7 lb⋅ft (98.6 N⋅m),[1] 72.0 lb⋅ft (97.6 N⋅m) @ 8,250 rpm[5] 70.4 lb⋅ft (95.4 N⋅m)[1] 106.6 N⋅m (78.6 lbf⋅ft) @ 10,500 rpm (claimed) [21] 75.5 lb⋅ft (102.4 N⋅m),[1] 73.6 lb⋅ft (99.8 N⋅m) @ 8,150 rpm[8] 72.6 lb⋅ft (98.4 N⋅m)[11]
Final drive #530 O-ring chain
Ignition TCI
Transmission 6-speed w/multi-plate clutch 6-speed w/multi-plate slipper clutch
Chassis
Brakes/Front Dual 298 mm discs Dual 320 mm discs, radial-mount forged 4-piston calipers Dual 310 mm discs, radial-mount forged 6-piston calipers
Brakes/Rear Single 240 mm disc Single 220 mm disc Single 220 mm disc, single-piston pin-slide caliper Single 220 mm disc, single-piston caliper
Suspension/Front 41 mm inverted telescopic fork 43 mm inverted telescopic fork, 120 mm (4.7 in) travel 43 mm inverted telescopic fork, adj. preload, compression damping, rebound damping, 120 mm (4.7 in) travel
Suspension/Rear Single shock, adj. preload, compression damping, rebound damping, 130 mm (5.1 in) travel Single shock, 130 mm (5.1 in) travel Single shock, adj. preload, compression damping, rebound damping, 130 mm (5.1 in) travel Single Öhlins shock, adj. preload, adj. high-/low-speed compression damping, rebound damping, 130 mm (5.1 in) travel Single shock, piggyback reservoir, spring preload, adj. high-/low-speed compression damping, rebound damping
Tires/Front 120/70-ZR17 120/70-ZR17
Tires/Rear 190/50-ZR17 190/55-ZR17
Dimensions
Length 2,035 mm (80.1 in) 2,065 mm (81.3 in) 2,090 mm (82.1 in) 2,060 mm (81.1 in) 2,070 mm (81.5 in)
Width 695 mm (27.4 in) 720 mm (28 in) 720 mm (28.3 in) 710 mm (28.1 in)
Height 1,095 mm (43.1 in) 1,105 mm (43.5 in) 1,100 mm (43.5 in) 1,110 mm (43.7 in) 1,130 mm (44.5 in)
Seat height 800 mm (31 in) 815 mm (32.1 in) 818 mm (32.2 in) 815 mm (32.1 in) 835 mm (32.9 in) 830 mm (32.8 in)
Wheelbase 1,415 mm (55.7 in) (1,394 mm (54.9 in) claimed)[14][19] 1,395 mm (54.9 in) 1,415 mm (55.7 in)
Rake 24.0°
Trail 92 mm (3.6 in) 103 mm (4.1 in) 97 mm (3.8 in) 100 mm (4.0 in)
Fuel capacity 18 L (4.0 imp gal; 4.8 US gal) 17 L (3.7 imp gal; 4.5 US gal) 18 L (4.0 imp gal; 4.8 US gal)
Dry weight 190.1 kg (419 lb)[5] 187.8 kg (414 lb)[16] 186.9 kg (412 lb)[8] 172.0 kg (379.2 lb) 172.8 kg (381 lb) 173.7 kg (383 lb) 177 kg (390 lb)[22] 177 kg (390 lb),[24] 203.2 kg (448 lb)[11]
Wet weight* 198.2 kg (437 lb) (claimed)[19] 200.9 kg (443 lb)[16] 193 kg (425 lb), 194 kg (428 lb) (Cali)[25] 206 kg (454 lb) (claimed),[23] 216.4 kg (477 lb)[11]
Performance
Top speed 270 km/h (168 mph)[1] 278 km/h (173 mph)[1] 288 km/h (179 mph)[1] 293 km/h (182 mph)[1] 284.4 km/h (176.7 mph)[1]
0 to 97 km/h (0 to 60 mph) 2.96[1] sec. 2.99[1] sec. 3.04[1] sec. 2.94[1] sec. 2.88[1] sec.
0 to 161 km/h (0 to 100 mph) 5.93[1] sec. 5.79[1] sec. 5.42[1] sec. 5.46[1] sec. 5.60[1] sec.
0 to 1⁄4 mile (0.00 to 0.40 km) 10.19[1] sec. 10.17[1] sec. 9.90[1] sec. 9.88[1] sec. 10.05[1] sec.
Braking 97 to 0 km/h (60 to 0 mph) 34.7 m (113.9 ft)[1] 35.1 m (115.3 ft)[1] 35.8 m (117.3 ft)[1] 35.9 m (117.9 ft)[1] 37.8 m (124.0 ft)[1]
Fuel consumption 5.50 L/100 km; 51.4 mpg‑imp (42.8 mpg‑US)[1] 5.67 L/100 km; 49.8 mpg‑imp (41.5 mpg‑US)[1] 5.65 L/100 km; 50.0 mpg‑imp (41.6 mpg‑US)[1] 6.53 L/100 km; 43.2 mpg‑imp (36.0 mpg‑US)[1] 8.0 L/100 km; 35.3 mpg‑imp (29.4 mpg‑US)[1]
  • Includes oil and full fuel tank.

Motorsport

The bike won the 2007 Superbike World Championship season.

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap "Performance Index - Winter '11/'12 Edition" (PDF), Motorcycle Consumer News, Bowtie Magazines, January 2012, retrieved May 31, 2012
  2. ^ a b c d Cernicky, Mark (September 2008), "Master Bike XI", Cycle World, vol. 47, no. 8, Newport Beach, California: Hachette Filipacchi Media U.S., ISSN 0011-4286
  3. ^ a b Brown, Roland (2005), The ultimate history of fast motorcycles, Bath, England: Parragon, pp. 215, 258, ISBN 1-4054-5466-0
  4. ^ a b Walker, Mick (2001), "Superbikes", Performance Motorcycles, Amber Books, Ltd. and Chartwell Books (Book Sales, Inc.), pp. 26–57, ISBN 0-7858-1380-2
  5. ^ a b c d e Catterson, Brian (May 1999), Cycle World, vol. 38, no. 5, Newport Beach, California: Hachette Filipacchi Media U.S., pp. 47–50, ISSN 0011-4286 {{citation}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  6. ^ a b "Sport Rider: Yamaha Weights and Measurements", Sport Rider, 2009, archived from the original on March 12, 2009
  7. ^ Mayhersohn, Norman, "Yamaha FZR", Popular Mechanics
  8. ^ a b c d e Canet, Don (May 1999), "Show of Force; Turn and burn aboard the Sport Fours", Cycle World, vol. 41, no. 6, Newport Beach, California: Hachette Filipacchi Media U.S., pp. 46–50, ISSN 0011-4286
  9. ^ 2009 Yamaha YZF-R1 Features Uneven Firing Order For Improved Power Delivery, Yamaha press release via Road Racing World, 2008, retrieved 2009-05-23
  10. ^ 2009 Star V-Max Review/Test, Motorcycle.com, August 26, 2008, archived from the original on 1 May 2010, retrieved 2010-04-20 {{citation}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  11. ^ a b c d e f Henning, Ari (April 2010), "Liter-bike outliers: different for a reason.(MC Comparison Aprilia RSV4R VS. Yamaha YZF-R1)", Motorcyclist, pp. 62–68, retrieved 2011-04-26
  12. ^ http://www.eicma.it/en/2014/11/yamaha-r1-2015/
  13. ^ http://www.yamahamotorsports.com/sport/models/yzf-r1
  14. ^ a b Canet, Don (February 1998), "Rippin' Ride", Cycle World, vol. 37, no. 2, Newport Beach, California: Hachette Filipacchi Media U.S., pp. 32–36, ISSN 0011-4286
  15. ^ 2000 YZF-R1 specifications from Yamaha Motors
  16. ^ a b c d "Superbikes 2000!", Motorcyclist (magazine), pp. 41–62, July 2000
  17. ^ 2002 YZF-R1 specifications from Yamaha Motors
  18. ^ 2007 YZF-R1 specifications from Yamaha Motors
  19. ^ a b c Anderson, Steve (December 1997), "YZF R1; Something wicked this way comes", Cycle World, vol. 36, no. 12, Newport Beach, California: Hachette Filipacchi Media U.S., pp. 34–39, ISSN 0011-4286
  20. ^ Tech. Spec--2004-YZF-R1 from Yamaha Motor Europe
  21. ^ a b "Specs; Yamaha YZF-R1", The Sunday Times, Perth, Western Australia, p. R.76, 11 September 2005
  22. ^ a b Tech. Spec--2007-YZF-R1 from Yamaha Motor Europe
  23. ^ a b 2009 Yamaha YZF-R1 from Yamaha Motor Europe
  24. ^ 2009 Yamaha R1 Reportedly Heavier and Less Powerful than the 2007 R1
  25. ^ 2002 Yamaha YZF-R1 Service Manual
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