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Pokhara

Coordinates: 28°15′50″N 83°58′20″E / 28.26389°N 83.97222°E / 28.26389; 83.97222
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Pokhara Metropolitan City
पोखरा महानगरपालिका
Metropolitan City
(From left) Top: Tal Barahi Temple, Boats in Phewa Lake; Center: View of the Annapurna Range from Pokhara; Bottom: Bindhyabasini temple, Pokhara Town, World Peace Pagoda in Pokhara.
(From left) Top: Tal Barahi Temple, Boats in Phewa Lake; Center: View of the Annapurna Range from Pokhara; Bottom: Bindhyabasini temple, Pokhara Town, World Peace Pagoda in Pokhara.
Nickname: 
City of lakes
Motto(s): 
Clean Pokhara, Green Pokhara
Pokhara Metropolitan City is located in Nepal
Pokhara Metropolitan City
Pokhara Metropolitan City
Location in Nepal, Western part
Coordinates: 28°15′50″N 83°58′20″E / 28.26389°N 83.97222°E / 28.26389; 83.97222
CountryNepal
ProvinceGandaki Pradesh
DistrictKaski District
Incorporated1962
Government
 • MayorMan Bahadur GC
 • Deputy MayorManju Gurung
Area
 • Total464.24 km2 (179.24 sq mi)
 • Water4.4 km2 (1.7 sq mi)
Elevation
1,400 m (4,600 ft)
Highest elevation
1,740 m (5,710 ft)
Lowest elevation
827 m (2,713 ft)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total402,995
 • Density868.074/km2 (2,248.30/sq mi)
 • Ethnicities
Brahmin Gurung Chhetri Khas Nepali Magar Newar
 • Religions
Hinduism Buddhism Muslim Christian
Languages
 • OfficialNepali and Gurung Bhasaa(Gurung Language)
Time zoneUTC+5:45 (NST)
Postal Code
33700 (WRPD), 33702, 33704, 33706, 33708, 33713
Area code061
Websitepokharamun.gov.np
Boats in Phewa Lake, Pokhara

Pokhara (Template:Lang-ne) is a metropolitan city in Nepal, which serves as the capital of Gandaki Pradesh.[1] It is the country's second largest city in terms of both population and area. The city also serves as the headquarters of Kaski District.[2] Pokhara is located 200 kilometres (120 miles) west of the capital, Kathmandu. The altitude varies from 827 metres (2,713 feet) in the southern part to 1,740 metres (5,710 feet) in the north.[3] The Annapurna Range, with three out of the ten highest mountains in the world — Dhaulagiri, Annapurna I and Manaslu — is within 15–35 mi (24–56 km) of the valley.[4][5]

Pokhara is considered the tourism capital of Nepal,[6] being a base for trekkers undertaking the Annapurna Circuit through the Annapurna Conservation Area region[7] of the Annapurna ranges in the Himalayas. The city is also home to many of the elite Gurkha soldiers.[8]

Geography

Pokhara is in the northwestern corner of the Pokhara Valley,[9] which is a widening of the Seti Gandaki valley that lies in the region (Pahad) of the Himalayas. In this region the mountains rise very quickly,[10] and within 30 kilometres (19 miles), the elevation rises from 1,000 to 7,500 metres (3,300 to 24,600 feet). As a result of this sharp rise in altitude the area of Pokhara has one of the highest precipitation rates in the country (3,350 mm/year or 131 inches/year in the valley to 5600 mm/year or 222 inches/year in Lumle).[11] Even within the city there is a noticeable difference in rainfall between the south and the north: The northern part at the foothills of the mountains experiences a proportionally higher amount of precipitation.

The Seti Gandaki is the main river flowing through the city.[12] The Seti Gandaki (White Gandaki) and its tributaries have created several gorges and canyons in and around Pokhara that give intriguingly long sections of terrace features to the city and surrounding areas. These long sections of terraces are interrupted by gorges that are hundreds of metres deep.[13] The Seti gorge runs through Pokhara from north to south and then west to east; at places these gorges are only a few metres wide. In the north and south, the canyons are wider.[14]

In the south, the city borders Phewa Tal (4.4 km2) at an elevation of about 827 metres (2,713 feet) above sea level, while Lumle at 1,740 metres (5,710 feet) in the north touches the base of the Annapurna mountain range. Pokhara, the city of lakes, is the second largest city of Nepal after Kathmandu. Three 8,000-metre (26,000-foot) peaks (Dhaulagiri, Annapurna, Manaslu) can be seen from the city.[15] The Machhapuchchhre (Fishtail) with an elevation of 6,993 metres (22,943 feet) is the closest to the city.[16]

The porous underground of the Pokhara valley favours the formation of caves and several caves can be found within city limits. In the south of the city, a tributary of the Seti flowing out of the Phewa Lake disappears at Patale Chhango (पाताले छाँगो, Nepali for Hell's Falls, also called Davis Falls, after someone who supposedly fell in) into an underground gorge, to reappear 500 metres (1,600 feet) further south.[17][18]

Climate

The city has a humid subtropical climate; however, the elevation keeps temperatures moderate. Temperatures in summer average between 25 and 35 °C; in winter around −2 to 15 °C. Pokhara and nearby areas receive a high amount of precipitation. Lumle, 25 miles from Pokhara city center, receives the highest amount of rainfall (> 5600 mm/year or 222 inches/year) in the country.[19] Snowfall is not observed in the valley, but surrounding hills experience occasional snowfall in the winter. Summers are humid and mild; most precipitation occurs during the monsoon season (July–September). Winter and spring skies are generally clear and sunny.[20] The highest temperature ever recorded in Pokhara was 38.5 °C (101.3 °F) on 4 May 2013, while the lowest temperature ever recorded was 0.5 °C (32.9 °F) on 13 January 2012 .[21]

Climate data for Pokhara (1981–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 22.0
(71.6) 		28.2
(82.8) 		33.1
(91.6) 		37.4
(99.3) 		35.0
(95.0) 		33.4
(92.1) 		32.4
(90.3) 		32.4
(90.3) 		31.0
(87.8) 		29.8
(85.6) 		27.0
(80.6) 		23.3
(73.9) 		37.4
(99.3)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 19.7
(67.5) 		22.2
(72.0) 		26.7
(80.1) 		29.8
(85.6) 		30.1
(86.2) 		30.6
(87.1) 		30.0
(86.0) 		30.2
(86.4) 		29.3
(84.7) 		27.5
(81.5) 		24.1
(75.4) 		20.7
(69.3) 		26.7
(80.1)
Daily mean °C (°F) 13.4
(56.1) 		15.7
(60.3) 		19.8
(67.6) 		22.8
(73.0) 		24.3
(75.7) 		25.8
(78.4) 		26.0
(78.8) 		26.1
(79.0) 		25.1
(77.2) 		22.1
(71.8) 		18.0
(64.4) 		14.4
(57.9) 		21.1
(70.0)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 7.1
(44.8) 		9.2
(48.6) 		12.8
(55.0) 		15.7
(60.3) 		18.4
(65.1) 		20.9
(69.6) 		22.0
(71.6) 		22.0
(71.6) 		20.8
(69.4) 		16.7
(62.1) 		11.9
(53.4) 		8
(46) 		15.5
(59.9)
Record low °C (°F) 1.8
(35.2) 		3.0
(37.4) 		5.0
(41.0) 		6.0
(42.8) 		8.0
(46.4) 		12.0
(53.6) 		13.0
(55.4) 		13.8
(56.8) 		15.9
(60.6) 		10.4
(50.7) 		4.0
(39.2) 		3.9
(39.0) 		1.8
(35.2)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 23
(0.9) 		35
(1.4) 		60
(2.4) 		128
(5.0) 		359
(14.1) 		669
(26.3) 		940
(37.0) 		866
(34.1) 		641
(25.2) 		140
(5.5) 		18
(0.7) 		22
(0.9) 		3,901
(153.6)
Source: Sistema de Clasificación Bioclimática Mundial[22]

History

Phewa lake in 1982

Pokhara lies on an important old trading route between China and India. In the 17th century, it was part of the Kingdom of Kaski which was one of the Chaubisi Rajya (24 Kingdoms of Nepal, चौबिसे राज्य) ruled by a branch of the Shah Dynasty. Many of the hills around Pokhara still have medieval ruins from this time. In 1786 Prithvi Narayan Shah added Pokhara into his kingdom. It had by then become an important trading place on the routes from Kathmandu to Jumla and from India to Tibet.[23]

Pokhara was envisioned as a commercial center by the King of Kaski in the mid 18th century A.D.[24] when Newars of Bhaktapur migrated to Pokhara, upon being invited by the king, and settled near main business locations such as Bindhyabasini temple, Nalakomukh and Bhairab Tole. Most of Pokhara, at the time, was largely inhabited by Khas[25] (Brahmin, Chhetri, Thakuri and Dalits), gurungs, and magars.[26][27] At present the Khas, Gurung (Tamu) and Magar form the dominant community of Pokhara. There is also a sizeable Newari population in the city.[28] A small Muslim community is located on eastern fringes of Pokhara generally called Miya Patan. Batulechaur in the far north of Pokhara is home to the Gandharvas or Gaaineys (the tribe of the musicians).[29]

The nearby hills around Pokhara are surrounded by Gurung villages with few places belonging to Khas community.[30] Small Magar communities are also present mostly in the southern outlying hills. Newar community is almost non-existent in the villages of outlying hills outside the Pokhara city limits.

From 1959 to 1962 approximately 300,000 exiles entered Nepal from neighbouring Tibet following its annexation by China. Most of the Tibetan exiles then sought asylum in Dharamshala and other Tibetan exile communities in India. According to UNHCR, since 1989, approximately 2500 Tibetans cross the border into Nepal each year,[31] many of whom arrive in Pokhara typically as a transit to Tibetan exile communities in India. About 50,000–60,000 Tibetan exiles reside in Nepal, and approximately 20,000 of the exiled Tibetans live in one of the 12 consolidated camps, eight in Kathmandu and four in and around Pokhara. The four Tibetan settlements in Pokhara are Jampaling, Paljorling, Tashi Ling, and Tashi Palkhel. These camps have evolved into well-built settlements, each with a gompa (Buddhist monastery), chorten and its particular architecture, and Tibetans have become a visible minority in the city.[32]

Until the end of the 1960s the town was only accessible by foot and it was considered even more a mystical place than Kathmandu. The first road was completed in 1968 (Siddhartha Highway)[33] after which tourism set in and the city grew rapidly.[34] The area along the Phewa lake, called Lake Side, has developed into one of the major tourism hubs of Nepal.[35]

Temples and Gumbas

See also: List of Hindu temples in Nepal
World peace pagoda
Radhakrishna Temple, Bindhyabasini, Pokhara
Bindhyabasini Temple in the evening

There are numerous temples and gumbas in and around pokhara valley. Many temples serve as combined places of worship for Hindus and Buddhists.[36][37] Some of the popular temples and Gumbas are:

  • Tal Barahi Temple (located on the island in the middle of Phewa Lake)
  • Bindhyabasini Temple
  • Radha Krishna Shanti Ashram Lame Al
  • Sitaldevi Temple
  • Gupteshwar Mahadev Gupha (Cave)/Temple
  • Mudula Karki Kulayan Mandir
  • Sunpadeli Temple (Kaseri)
  • Bhadrakali Temple
  • Kumari Temple
  • Bhairab Temple
  • Akala Temple
  • Kedareshwar Mahadev Mani Temple
  • Matepani Gumba
  • World peace pagoda
  • Akaladevi Temple
  • Monastery (Hemja)
  • Nepal Christiya Ramghat Church, established in 1952 (2009 BS), in Ramghat area of Pokhara is also the first church in Nepal.[38]

Location

Machhapuchhre (Fishtail) mountain, (6,993 m) from Sarangkot

The municipality of Pokhara spans 12 kilometres (7.5 miles) from north to south and 6 kilometres (3.7 miles) from east to west but, unlike the capital Kathmandu, it is quite loosely built up and still has much green space.[39] Nepal[40] The gorge through which the river flows is crossed at five places: K.I. Singh Pul, Mahendra Pul and Prithvi Highway Pul from north to south of the city. The floor of the valley is plain, resembles Terai due to its gravel-like surface, and has slanted orientation from northwest to southeast. The city is surrounded by the hills overlooking the entire valley.

Phewa Lake was slightly enlarged by damming which poses a risk of silting up due of the inflow during the monsoon.[41] The outflowing water is partially used for hydropower generation.[42] The dam collapsed in 1974 which resulted in draining of its water and exposing the land leading to illegal land encroachment; since then the dam has been rebuilt.[43] The power plant is about 100 metres (330 feet) below at the bottom of the Phusre Khola gorge. Water from Phewa is diverted for irrigation into the southern Pokhara valley. The eastern Pokhara Valley receives irrigation water through a canal running from a reservoir by the Seti in the north of the city. Some parts of Phewa lake are used as commercial cage fisheries. The lake is currently being encroached upon by invasive water hyacinth (जलकुम्भी झार).[44]

In 2017, Pokhara Lekhnath Metropolitan City became Nepal's largest metropolitan city by area, occupying 464.24 km2 (179.24 sq mi) — which means the city is nine times larger than Kathmandu, 18 times larger than Lalitpur and 2.5 times larger than Bharatpur.[45]

Wards of Pokhara
Ward No Administrative Ward Population (2011 Census)
1 Bagar 15,513
2 Miruwa 8,729
3 Nadipur 9,462
4 Gairapatan 9,119
5 Malepatan 14,803
6 Baidam 14,729
7 Masbar 12,875
8 Srijanachok 26,080
9 Naya Bazar 16,626
10 Ram Bazar 18,470
11 Ranipauwa 12,338
12 Bajhapatan 11,613
13 Gaudakomukh 13,154
14 Majheripatan 6,427
15 Dhungesanghu 17,027
16 Lamachaur 14,950
17 Pardi Birauta 26,752
18 Chhinedanda 6,798
19 Lamachaur 7,027
20 Bhalam 2,623
21 Kahun 2,378
22 Aarba Bijaya 3,923
23 Nirmalpokhari 4,027
24 Kaskikot 5,892
25 Pumdi Bhumdi 7,391
26 Sarangkot 8,354
27 Hemja 12,262
28 Armala 5,328
VDC 1 Chapakot 2,637
VDC 2 Puranchaur 3,370
VDC 3 Mauja 1,399
VDC 4 Kaskikot 5,892
VDC 5 Lekhnath 71,434
TOTAL 414,141

Pokhara is known to be a popular tourist destination for visitors from all over the world. Every year, many people visit the location in order to travel to the Annapurna range and famous religious place muktinath.[46][47] The tourist district is along the north shore of the Phewa lake (Baidam, Lakeside, and Damside). It is mainly made up of small shops, non-star tourist hotels, restaurants, and bars. Most upscale and starred hotels are on the southern shore of the Phewa Lake and southeastern fringes of the city where there are more open lands and unhindered view of the surrounding mountains. Most of the tourists visiting Pokhara trek to the Annapurna Base Camp and Mustang. To the east of the Pokhara valley, in Lekhnath municipality, there are seven smaller lakes such as Begnas Lake, Rupa Lake, Khaste lake, Maidi lake, Neureni lake, Dipang lake. Begnas Lake is known for its fishery projects.[48]

Purano Bazar, Nalakomukh, Pokhara, Nepal

Tourism and economy

View of Phewa lake and Pokhara from Shanti Stupa
International Mountain Museum at Ratopahiro, Pokhara
Mount Machapuchare (Mt. Fishtail) seen from Chomrong, Kaski, Nepal. Elevation:6,993 metres (22,943 feet), prominence:1,233 metres (4,045 feet)
View from Sarangkot towards Annapurna Conservation Area
Sunset over Phewa Lake

After the occupation of Tibet by China in 1950 and the Indo-China war in 1962, the old trading route to India from Tibet through Pokhara became defunct. Today only a few caravans from Mustang arrive in Bagar.

In recent decades, Pokhara has become a major tourist destination: it is considered the tourism capital of Nepal[6] in South Asia, mainly for adventure tourism and the base for the famous Annapurna Circuit trek. Thus, a major contribution to the local economy comes from the tourism and hospitalities industry. Tourism is a major source of income for local people and the city.[49] There are two 5-star hotels and approximately 305 other hotels that includes five 3-star, fifteen 2-star and non-star hotels in the city.[50]

Many medieval era temples (Barahi temple, Bindhyabasini, Bhadrakali, Talbarahi, Guheshwari, Sitaldevi, Gita mandir temple, Bhimsen temple) and old Newari houses are part of the city (Bagar, Bindhyabasini, Bhadrakali, Bhairab Tol, etc.). The modern commercial city centres are at Chipledhunga, New Road, Prithvi Chok and Mahendrapul (recently renamed as Bhimsen Chok).

The city promotes two major hilltops as viewpoints to see the city and surrounding panorama: World Peace Pagoda, built in 1996 across the southern shore of Phewa lake and Sarangkot, which is northwest of the city. In February 2004, International Mountain Museum (IMM)[51] was opened for public in Ratopahiro to boost the city's tourism attractions. Other museums are Pokhara Regional Museum; an ethnographic museum; Annapurna Natural History Museum[52] which houses preserved specimens of flora and fauna, and contains particularly extensive collection of the butterflies, found in the Western and ACAP region of Nepal; and Gurkha Museum featuring history of the Gurkha soldiers.[53]

The city has recently been adorned with a bungee jumping site (the second in Nepal): Water Touch Bunjee Jumping.[54] A cable car service has begun construction joining Phewa Lake with World Peace Stupa led by the government of Nepal which is expected to boost the tourism exponentially.[55]

Since the 1990s, Pokhara has experienced rapid urbanization. As a result, service-sector industries have increasingly contributed to the local economy[56] overtaking the traditional agriculture. An effect of urbanization is seen in high real estate prices, among the highest in the country.[57][58] The major contributors to the economy of Pokhara are manufacturing and service sector including tourism; agriculture and the foreign and domestic remittances. Tourism, service sector and manufacturing contributes approximately 58% to the economy, remittances about 20% and agriculture nearly 16%.Also, following are some major companies and institutions located in Pokhara:

Arrivals

Year Foreign tourists in Nepal[60][61] % Change from
previous year
1994 363,395 11.2
1995 363,395 11.3
1996 393,613 8.3
1997 421,857 7.2
1998 463,684 9.9
1999 491,504 6.0
2000 463,646 −5.7
2001 361,237 −22.1
2002 275,468 −23.7
2003 338,132 22.7
2004 385,297 13.9
2005 375,398 −2.6
2006 383,926 2.3
2007 526,705 37.2
2008 500,277 −5.0
2009 509,956 1.9
2010 602,867 18.2
2011 736,215 22.1
2012 803,092 9.1
2013 797,616 −0.7

Hotels and lodges

There are more than 250[62] tourist category hotels and lodges in Pokhara of which two (the Phulbari Resort & Spa and Pokhara Grande) are ranked 5-star. Pokhara provides food and lodging from backpackers to deluxe ranges.

Trekking

Pokhara is the major tourism Hub in Nepal. Tourism plays a vital role in Pokhara since thousands of tourists visit Pokhara every year and majority of people are involved in the tourism sector. There are many trekking agencies in Pokhara that provide several trekking programs and itineraries for the tourists. Some of the major trekking regions are Annapurna region, Everest region, Langtang region, Manaslu region, Rara/Jumla region and Kanchanjunga/ Makalu region.

Military

Pokhara region have a very strong military traditions with significant number of its men being employed by the Nepali army.[63] The Western Division HQ[64] of the Nepalese Army is stationed at Bijayapur, Pokhara and its Area of Responsibility (AOR) consists of the entire Western Development Region of Nepal. The AOR of this Division is 29,398 km2 and a total of 16 districts are under the Division. The population of the AOR of Western Division is 4,571,013. Both British Army and the Indian Army have regional recruitment and pensioners facilitation camps in Pokhara. The British Gurkha Camp[65] is located at Deep Heights in the northeast of the Pokhara city and the Indian Gorkha Pension Camp[66] is in the south-western side of the city, Rambazar.

Education

Pokhara has more than eight hundred private and public high schools. Most private schools are referred as boarding schools. There several institutions of higher learning up to doctorate level in social sciences, business and science and technology.

[68]

  • Mount Annapurna Campus[69]
  • LA GRANDEE International College
  • Institute of Forestry – Pokhara Campus[70]
  • Pokhara Nursing Campus[71]
  • Manipal College of Medical Science[72]
  • Kantipur Dental College (KIHS)
  • Janapriya Multiple Campus (JMC)
  • SOS Hermann Gmeiner Secondary School Gandaki
  • Sublime Secondary Boarding School, Ratnachowk
  • Sishu Niketan Secondary School, Birauta
  • Chhorepatan Secondary School
  • Gandaki Boarding Secondary School
  • Gandaki Medical College
  • Kalika Multiple Campus
  • Soch College of IT[73]
  • New Galaxy Higher Secondary School[74]
  • Cosmos International College
  • Tarakunj Secondary School
  • Rainbow Academic Homes Secondary School

Non-governmental organizations

Transportation

Public transit

Pokhara has extensive privately operated public transportation system running throughout the city, adjoining townships and nearby villages. Pokhara Mahanagar Bus Bebasaya Samiti(green, brown and blue buses), Mama Bhanja Transport(blue buses), Bindabashini Samiti(blue buses), Phewa Bus Bebasaya Samiti(mini micros) and Lekhnath Bus Bebasaya Samiti(green and white buses) are the private companies that provide public bus transportation facility in and around Pokhara Valley. The public transport mainly consists of local and city buses, micros, micro-buses and metered-taxis. Following are the bus routes of Pokhara valley:

  • Chhorepatan – Nayabazar- Bagar
  • Chhorepatan – Chipledhunga – Mahendrapul – Bagar – Lamachaur – (Jogimadi)
  • Chhorepatan – Chipledhunga – Mahendrapul – Bagar – Mahendra Cave – (Jaimure)
  • Chhorepatan – Chipledhunga – Parsyang – Harichok
  • Chhorepatan – Old Buspark – Amarsingh Chok – Ranipauwa – Phulbari (Manipal Teaching Hospital)
  • Sedi (Lakeside) – Hallanchok (Lakeside) – Chipledhunga – Kahunkhola – Kaseri
  • Sedi (Lakeside) – Hallanchok (Lakeside) – Amarsingh – Miyapatan – Kahunkhola- Kaseri
  • Kaseri – Kahunkhola – Mahendrapul – Nayabazar – Zero Kilometer – Hallanchok (Lakeside)
  • Khalte Masina – Rambazar – New Road – Bhairav Tole – Bagar (Deep Housing)
  • Hari Chok – Old Buspark – Chothe – Majheripatan
  • Tundikhel – Chipledhunga – Amarsingh – Kundahar – Miyapatan
  • Tundikhel – Chipledhuga – Amarsingh – Kundahar – Raatdanda
  • Phewa Lake (Tal Barahi Temple) – Nepal Rastra Bank – Birauta – Pokhara Airport – New Road – Mahendrapul – Bagar
  • Phewa Lake (Tal Barahi Temple) – Nepal Rastra Bank – Birauta – Pokhara Airport – New Road – Mahendrapul – Bagar – Mahendra Cave
  • Phewa Lake (Tal Barahi Temple) – Nepal Rastra Bank – Mustang Chok – Chothe – Tal Chok – Begnas Lake
  • Harichok – Zero Kilometer – Old Buspark – Budhha Chok – Hospital Chok (Western Regional Hospital)
  • Phulbari (Manipal Teaching Hospital) – Ranipauwa – Amarsingh Chok – Rambazar – Southern Phulbari (Phulbari Resort)
  • Baglung Buspark – Chothe – Sisuwa – Begnas Lake
  • Baglung Buspark – Chothe – Pokhara University
  • Baglung Buspark – Chothe – Raj Chautara
  • Baglung Buspark – Chothe – Begnas Lake – Rupa Lake
  • Baglung Buspark – Chothe – Arghau Chok – Baghmara
  • Chipledhunga – Old Buspark – Birauta – Baghmara
  • Chipledhunga – Sabhagriha Chok – Buddha Chok – Indian Embassy – Rambazar – Naya Gaun – Institute of Forestry – Tuttunga
  • Chipledhunga – New Road- Sabhagriha Chok – Srijana Chok – Shantinagar Chok – Jarebar – Dihikopatan – Hallanchok (Lakeside)
  • Prithivi Chok – Pokhara Airport – Mustang Chok – Birauta – Chhorepatan – Shanti Stupa, Pokhara
  • Prithivi Chok – Pokhara Airport – Mustang Chok – Birauta – Chhorepatan – Tara Bhir
  • Prithivi Chok – Pokhara Airport – Mustang Chok – Birauta – Chhorepatan – Mattikhan
  • Mahendrapul – Ranipauwa (Nepal Telecom) – Phulbari (Manipal Teaching Hospital) – Bhalam
  • Mahendrapul – Ranipauwa (Nepal Telecom) – Phulbari – Kahun Danda(काहुॅ डाडा) [75]

Intercity connections

Pokhara is well connected to rest of the country through permanent road and air links. The main mode of transportation are public buses and the Purano Bus Park is the main hub for buses plying country wide. The all-season Pokhara Airport with regular flights to Kathmandu, Mustang are operated by various domestic and a few international airlines. A new international airport is being constructed in the southeast of the city.[76] Flight duration from Kathmandu to Pokhara is approximately 30 minutes.[77]

Rivers and lakes

Beauty of the Phewa lake during sunset
Barahi Island Temple, Phewa Lake (फेवा ताल), Pokhara
One of the many gorges formed by the Seti Gandaki River in Pokhara

Pokhara valley is rich in water sources. The major bodies of water in and around Pokhara are:[78][79]

Lakes

Rivers

  • Seti Gandaki (Seti Khola), Kahun Khola, Bijaypur Khola, Furse Khola, Kali Khola, Yamdi Khola, Mardi Khola, Harpan Khola

Sports

Paragliders over Phewa Lake, Pokhara
Rangasala, Pokhara

The sporting activities are mainly centered in the multipurpose stadium Pokhara Rangasala (or Annapurna Stadium) in Rambazar. The popular sports are football, cricket, volleyball, basketball, martial arts, etc. The Sahara Club is one of the most active organizations promoting football in the city and organizes a South Asian club-level annual tournament: the Aaha Gold Cup.[80] Additionally, the Kaski District Football Association (KDFA) organizes Safal Pokhara Gold Cup,[81] which is also a South Asian club-level tournament and ANFA organizes local Kaski district club-level Balram KC memorial football tournament.[82] B-13, Sangam & LG are the power house Football club in Pokhara. There are several tennis courts and a golf course[83] in the city. At 1100 meters, on the way, near to Sarangkot hill, high mountain sport activity, paragliding is a good attraction for tourists as well as domestic tourists for adventure activities Nearby Sarangkot hill has developed as a good attraction for adventure activities such as paragliding[84] and skydiving.[85] The Pokhara city marathon, high altitude marathon are some activities attracting mass participation.[86] Adventure sports such as base jumping, paragliding, canyoning, rock climbing, bungee jumping, etc. are targeted towards tourists.[87][88][89] Pokhara Rhinos represents city in Everest Premier League.

Himalayan vulture in Pokhara
File:Egyptian Vulture in Pokhara.jpg
Egyptian vulture in Pokhara

Music

The universal instruments used in Nepalese music include the madal (small leather drum), bansuri (bamboo flute), and saarangi. These instruments are prominent features of the traditional folk music (lok gít or lok geet) in Pokhara, which is actually the western (Gandaki, Dhaulagiri and Lumbini) branch of Nepali lok geet. Some examples of the music of this region are Resham Firiri (रेशम फिरिरी)[90] and Khyalee Tune (ख्याली धुन).[91] The lok geet started airing in Radio Nepal during the 1950s and artists such as Jhalakman Gandharva, Dharma Raj Thapa are considered pioneers in bringing the lok git into mass media. During early and late 1990s, bands from Pokhara like Nepathya started their very successful fusion of western rock and pop with traditional folk music.[92] Since then several other musical groups in Nepal have adopted the lok-pop/rock style producing dozens of albums every year. Another important part of cultural music of western Nepal, and hence Pokhara, is the Panché Baaja (पञ्चे बाजा), a traditional musical band performed generally during marriage ceremonies by the damaai musicians.[93] The musical culture in Pokhara is quite dynamic and in recent years, Western rock and roll, pop, rap and hip-hop are becoming increasingly popular with frequently held musical concerts; however, the traditional lok and modern (semiclassical) Nepali music are predominantly favored by the general populace. More musical concerts are held in Pokhara than in any other city in the country.[94][95]

Pokhara night view

Media and communications

Media and communication were quite limited until the 1990s.[96] However, in the following decade there has been a proliferation of private media in print, radio and television. There are 19 privately owned local FM stations in the Pokhara valley:

  • 88.2 – National
  • 90.6 – Janani
  • 91.0 – Macchhapucchhre
  • 91.8 – Entertainment
  • 93.4 – Annapurna
  • 93.8 – Sarangi
  • 94.6 – 3 angels
  • 95.4 – Mega
  • 95.8 – Pokhara
  • 96.5 – Radio Kaski
  • 99.2 – Barahi
  • 100.0 – Radio Nepal
  • 101.8 – Kantipur
  • 103.4 – Safalta
  • 102.6 – Radio Apostle
  • 104.6 – Sarangkot
  • 105.6 – City
  • 106.6 – Lekhnath
  • 107.6 – Taranga

An additional 4 FM stations from Kathmandu have their relay broadcast stations in Pokhara.[97]

There are six community radio stations:

  • Himchuli FM – 92.2 MHz
  • Gorkhali Radio – 106 MHz
  • Samudayik, Radio Sunaulo F.M – 107.2 MHz
  • Radio Gandaki – 90.2 MHz
  • Radio Hemja – 88.5 MHz

There are four local television stations:

  • GoldenEye Television
  • Pokhara Television
  • Gandaki Television
  • Fewa Television

Approximately 14 national daily newspapers, in Nepali are published in the city[98][99][100] along with several other weekly and monthly news magazines. All major national newspapers published in Kathmandu have distributions in Pokhara. A number of online news portals are also updated from Pokhara. Samacharpati.com, Recentfusion.com, Safalnews.com, Citypokhara.com, Mainkhabar.com, Ganthan.com, Peacepokhara.com, Barahinews.com, Pokharanews.com are some of them. Some entertainment-based websites are also based in Pokhara.[101][102] Popular technology based web-magazine TechSansar also started from Pokhara city.[103] Pokhara has got 4G network of Nepal Telecom, Smart Cell and Ncell. Majority of the people in the city access internet through mobiles, numerous cyber cafes and local wireless ISPs. Most tourist restaurants and hotels also provide WiFi services. Wi-Fi hotspot by Nepal Telecom using Wi-MAX technology,[104] started in Feb. 2014, is accessible in most parts of the city for a fee.[105][106] Subscriber based internet is provided by several private ISP providers in Pokhara, namely:

  • Worldlink
  • ClassicTech
  • Vianet
  • Techminds
  • Pokhara Internet
  • Web Surfer
  • Broadlink

Notable people from Pokhara

List of people from Pokhara People who live or have lived in Pokhara City are known as Pokhareli. In demographic terms, the gurung people are the dominant ethnic group hailing from the hills around Pokhara such as Sikles, Armala, Ghalel gaun, Ghandruk, Lumle etc., with Brahmin from syangja, Newar and Magar making up the rest of Pokhara's population. Pokhara also has the highest number of Gurkha soldiers, majority of them belonging to Gurung and Magar ethnic groups who were categorised as martial race by the British Army.[8]

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pokhara.
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