2022 Brazilian general election
 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Opinion polls | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
General elections are scheduled to be held in Brazil on 2 October 2022 to elect the President, Vice President and the National Congress. Elections for state Governors and Vice Governors, State Legislative Assemblies and the Federal District Legislative Chamber will be held at the same time.
Under 2020 rulling by the Superior Electoral Court, political parties must allocate part of their lists (and air time during election campaign) to the black candidates.[1]
Electoral system
Voting in Brazil is allowed for citizens over 16 years old and mandatory for those between 18 and 70 years old. Those who do not vote in an election and do not later present an acceptable justification (such as being absent from their voting location at the time) must pay a fine of 3.51 BRL (equivalent to 0.96 USD).[2][3] Brazilian citizens residing abroad only vote for president.
Presidential elections
The President and Vice President of Brazil are elected using the two-round system. Citizens may field their candidacies for the Presidency and participate in the general elections, which are held on the first Sunday of October (in this instance, 2 October 2022).[4] If the most-voted candidate takes more than 50% of the overall vote, he or she is declared elected. If the 50% threshold is not met by any candidate, a second round of voting is held on the last Sunday of October (in this instance, 23 October 2022). In the second round, only the two most-voted candidates from the first round may participate. The winner of the second round is elected President of Brazil. The President selects his/her Vice President.
Gubernatorial elections
The Governors and Vice Governors of all states and of the Federal District will be elected, in two rounds if needed, in the same way as the presidential election.
Congressional elections
Federal Senate elections
One-third of the 81 members of the Federal Senate will be elected, the other two-thirds having been elected in 2018. One candidate will be elected from each of the states and the Federal District using majority voting.[5]
Chamber of Deputies elections
All 513 members of the Chamber of Deputies (Federal Deputies) will be elected, with candidates elected from 27 multi-member constituencies corresponding to the states and the Federal District, varying in size from 8 to 70 seats. The Chamber elections are held using open list proportional representation, with seats allocated using the simple quotient.[6]
Legislative Assemblies elections
All members of the State Legislative Assemblies (State Deputies) and of the Federal District Legislative Chamber (District Deputies), varying in size from 24 to 94 seats, will be elected. These elections are also held using open list proportional representation, with seats allocated using the simple quotient.
Presidential candidates
Potential candidates
Alliance for Brazil (Independent)
- Jair Bolsonaro – President of Brazil since 2019; Federal Deputy from Rio de Janeiro 1991–2019; City Councillor of Rio de Janeiro 1989–1991.[7][8][9][10]
Brazilian Democratic Movement (MDB)
- Henrique Meirelles – Minister of the Economy 2016–2018; President of the Central Bank 2003–2011. Candidate for President in 2018.[11]
Brazilian Labour Renewal Party (PRTB)
- Hamilton Mourão – Vice President of Brazil since 2019.[12]
- Levy Fidelix – National President of PRTB since 1994. Candidate for President in 2010 and 2014.[13]
Brazilian Social Democracy Party (PSDB)
- João Doria – Governor of São Paulo since 2019; Mayor of São Paulo 2017–2018; President of Embratur 1986–1988; Municipal Secretary of Tourism of São Paulo 1983–1986.[7][14][9]
Brazilian Socialist Party (PSB)
- Joaquim Barbosa – Chief Justice of the Supreme Federal Court 2012−2014; Justice of the Supreme Federal Court 2003−2014; Deputy Chief Justice of the Superior Electoral Court 2008−2009; Justice of the Superior Electoral Court 2008.[15]
Christian Democracy (DC)
- José Maria Eymael – Federal Deputy for São Paulo 1986-1995.[16]
Communist Party of Brazil (PCdoB)
- João Goulart Filho – State Deputy from Rio Grande do Sul (1983-1987). Candidate for President in 2018.[17]
Democratic Labor Party (PDT)
- Ciro Gomes – Federal Deputy from Ceará 2007–2011; Minister of National Integration 2003–2006; Minister of Finances 1994–1995; Governor of Ceará 1991–1994; Mayor of Fortaleza 1989–1990; State Deputy of Ceará 1983–1989. Candidate for President in 1998, 2002 and 2018.[18]
Democrats (DEM)
- Luiz Henrique Mandetta – Minister of Health 2019–2020; Federal Deputy from Mato Grosso do Sul 2011–2019.[19]
Liberal Party (PL)
- Cabo Daciolo – Federal Deputy from Rio de Janeiro 2015-2019. Candidate for President in 2018.[20]
- Tiririca – Federal Deputy by São Paulo since 2011.[21]
New Party (NOVO)
- João Amoêdo – National President of NOVO since 2019, 2011−2017. Candidate for President in 2018.[22]
- Romeu Zema – Governor of Minas Gerais since 2019.[23]
- Marcel Van Hattem – State Deputy from Rio Grande do Sul (2015-2018); Federal Deputy from Rio Grande do Sul since 2019.
Podemos (PODE)
- José Reguffe – District Deputy from Federal District (2007-2011); Federal Deputy from Federal District (2011-2015); Senator for Federal District (2015-today).[17]
Social Christian Party (PSC)
- Wilson Witzel – Governor of Rio de Janeiro since 2019.[24][25][26][27]
Social Liberal Party (PSL)
Workers' Party (PT)
- Fernando Haddad – Mayor of São Paulo 2013–2017; Minister of Education 2005–2012; candidate for Mayor of São Paulo in 2016. Candidate for President in 2018.[30][31]
- Rui Costa – Governor of Bahia since 2015; Chief of Staff of Bahia 2012–2014; Federal Deputy from Bahia 2011–2015; State Secretary of Institutional Affairs of Bahia 2007–2011; City Councillor of Salvador 2001–2009.[31]
- Camilo Santana – Governor of Ceará since 2015; State Deputy of Ceará 2011-2014.[32][33][34]
- Wellington Dias – Governor of Piauí since 2015 and 2003-2011; Senator for Piauí 2011-2015[35]
Independents
- Luciano Huck – Television presenter and entrepreneur.[22][36]
- Sérgio Moro – Minister of Justice and Public Security 2019–2020; Federal Judge of the Regional Federal Court of the 4th region 1996–2018.
.jpg)
_(cropped2).jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
_e_Marcos_Reategui_(PSC-AP)_participam_do_programa_Brasil_em_Debate_(cropped).jpg)
Declined candidates
- Drauzio Varella – Oncologist and immunologist.[37]
- Luís Inácio Lula da Silva (PT) – President of Brazil 2003−2010; Chief of Staff of the Presidency 2016; National President of the Workers' Party 1980−1988, 1990−1994; Chamber PT Leader 1987−1988 Federal Deputy from São Paulo 1987−1991. Candidate for President in 1989, 1994 and 1998.[38][39]
- Paulo Guedes – Minister of the Economy since 2019.[40]
- Paulo Hartung – Governor of Espírito Santo 2015−2019, 2003−2010; Senator from Espírito Santo 1999−2001; Mayor of Vitória 1993−1997; Federal Deputy from Espírito Santo 1991−1992; State Deputy of Espírito Santo 1983−1991.[41]
- Flávio Dino – Governor of Maranhão since 201; running for Senate.[42][43]
.jpg)
.png)
Vice presidential candidates
Potential candidates
Democrats (DEM)
- Rodrigo Maia – President of the Chamber of Deputies since 2016; Federal Deputy since 1999; National President of Democrats 2007−2011; candidate for Mayor of Rio de Janeiro in 2012.[44]
Podemos (PODE)
- Marco Feliciano – Federal Deputy from São Paulo since 2011.[45]
Brazilian Social Democracy Party (PSDB)
- Eduardo Leite – Governor of Rio Grande do Sul since 2019.[46]
Workers' Party (PT)
- Luís Inácio Lula da Silva (PT) – President of Brazil 2003−2010; Chief of Staff of the Presidency 2016; National President of the Workers' Party 1980−1988, 1990−1994; Chamber PT Leader 1987−1988 Federal Deputy from São Paulo 1987−1991. Candidate for President in 1989, 1994 and 1998.[47]
Independents
- Augusto Heleno – Secretary of Institutional Security since 2019.[48]
- Damares Alves – Minister of Women, Family and Human Rights since 2019.[49][48]
- Luciano Huck – Television presenter and entrepreneur.[48]
- Sérgio Moro – Minister of Justice and Public Security 2019–2020; Federal Judge of the Regional Federal Court of the 4th region 1996–2018.[50]
.jpg)
.png)
.jpg)
Congress
The result of the last general election and the current situation in the National Congress is given below:
Chamber of Deputies
| Affiliation | Members | +/– | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Elected | Current | |||
| PT | 56 | 53 |  3
| |
| PSL | 52 | 41 | 11
| |
| PP | 37 | 40 |  3
| |
| MDB | 34 | 35 | 1
| |
| PSD | 34 | 33 | 1
| |
| PL | 33 | 41 | 8
| |
| PSB | 32 | 31 | 1
| |
| Republicanos | 30 | 32 | 2
| |
| PSDB | 29 | 31 | 2
| |
| DEM | 29 | 28 | 1
| |
| PDT | 28 | 28 | 
| |
| Solidarity | 13 | 13 |
| |
| PODE | 11 | 10 | 1
| |
| PSOL | 10 | 10 |
| |
| PTB | 10 | 11 | 1
| |
| PCdoB | 9 | 9 |
| |
| NOVO | 8 | 8 |
| |
| PROS | 8 | 10 | 2
| |
| PSC | 8 | 9 | 1
| |
| Cidadania | 8 | 8 |
| |
| Avante | 7 | 8 | 1
| |
| Humanist Party of Solidarity (Brazil) | 6 | 0 | 6
| |
| Patriota | 5 | 6 | 1
| |
| PV | 4 | 4 |
| |
| PRP | 4 | 0 | 4
| |
| PMN | 3 | 0 | 3
| |
| PTC | 2 | 0 | 2
| |
| REDE | 1 | 1 |
| |
| PPL | 1 | 0 | 1
| |
| DC | 1 | 0 | 1
| |
| Independent | 0 | 13 | 13
| |
| Total | 513 | |||
Federal Senate
| Affiliation | Members | +/– | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Elected | Current | |||
| MDB | 12 | 13 | 1
| |
| PSDB | 8 | 7 | 1
| |
| PSD | 7 | 12 | 5
| |
| PP | 6 | 7 | 1
| |
| PT | 6 | 6 |
| |
| DEM | 6 | 5 | 1
| |
| REDE | 5 | 2 | 3
| |
| PDT | 5 | 3 | 2
| |
| PODE | 5 | 10 | 5
| |
| PSL | 4 | 2 | 2
| |
| PTB | 3 | 0 | 3
| |
| PSB | 2 | 1 | 1
| |
| Cidadania | 2 | 3 | 1
| |
| Humanist Party of Solidarity (Brazil) | 2 | 0 | 2
| |
| PL | 2 | 2 |
| |
| Republicanos | 1 | 2 | 1
| |
| Solidarity | 1 | 0 | 1
| |
| PROS | 1 | 3 | 2
| |
| PSC | 1 | 1 |
| |
| PRP | 1 | 0 | 1
| |
| PTC | 1 | 0 | 1
| |
| Total | 81 | |||
Opinion polls
References
- ^ https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-race-elections-idUSKBN25M2QN
- ^ "Justificativa Eleitoral" (in Portuguese). Tribunal Superior Eleitoral. Retrieved 2 July 2019.
- ^ "Tira-dúvidas dos eleitores" (in Portuguese). Tribunal Superior Eleitoral. Retrieved 2 July 2019.
- ^ "Legal Research Guide: Brazil - The Executive Branch". Library of Congress. Retrieved 2 July 2019.
- ^ "Federal Senate electoral system". Inter-Parliamentary Union. Retrieved 2 July 2019.
- ^ "Chamber of Deputies electoral system". Inter-Parliamentary Union. Retrieved 2 July 2019.
- ^ a b Tavares, Joelmir (29 June 2019). "Rival de Bolsonaro para 2022, Doria afaga Moro e aproveita imagem do ex-juiz" (in Portuguese). Folha de S. Paulo. Retrieved 2 July 2019.
- ^ de Castro, Fabrício (22 June 2019). "Bolsonaro volta a sinalizar que pode tentar reeleição em 2022" (in Portuguese). Terra. Retrieved 2 July 2019.
- ^ a b de Sousa Pinto, Ana Estela (30 August 2019). "'Nunca precisei mamar na teta de ninguém', responde Doria a Bolsonaro" (in Portuguese). Folha de S. Paulo. Retrieved 30 August 2019.
- ^ Preite Sobrinho, Wanderley (9 October 2019). "Bolsonaro quer descartar PSL para se reeleger, diz Bivar" (in Portuguese). Uol. Retrieved 9 October 2019.
- ^ Mascarenhas, Gabriel. "Prepare-se Adnet: Meirelles pensa em 2022". Lauro Jardim - O Globo (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 25 May 2020.
- ^ Mascarenhas, Gabriel. "Mourão admite disputar as eleições presidenciais em 2022". Lauro Jardim - O Globo (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 1 August 2019.
- ^ "Levy Fidélix: "Voltarei em 2022!'". Época (in Brazilian Portuguese). 22 August 2018. Retrieved 24 May 2020.
- ^ Maia, Gustavo; Gullino, Daniel (24 June 2019). "Bolsonaro trata Doria como candidato ao Planalto em 2022" (in Portuguese). O Globo. Retrieved 2 July 2019.
- ^ Venceslau, Pedro; Beraldo, Paulo (8 April 2019). "Um ano depois de filiação, Joaquim Barbosa se reaproxima do PSB" (in Portuguese). Folha de S. Paulo. Retrieved 30 August 2019.
- ^ "Eymael é pré-candidato a Presidência da Republica em 2022". Blog de Jamildo (in Brazilian Portuguese). 10 February 2020. Retrieved 24 May 2020.
- ^ a b "Reguffe e Jango Filho: de olho nas urnas de 2022" [Reguffe and Jango Filho: keeping an eye on the polls of 2022] (in Brazilian Portuguese). 3 October 2019. Archived from the original on 26 December 2019. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
- ^ Murakawa, Fabio (10 October 2018). "PDT declara apoio a Haddad e lança Ciro para 2022" (in Portuguese). Valor Econômico. Retrieved 2 July 2019.
- ^ "Mandetta diz que política é 'destino' e não descarta se candidatar à Presidência". CNN Brasil. Retrieved 24 May 2020.
- ^ "De olho nas eleições de 2022, Cabo Daciolo tenta recriar partido de Enéas – Jovem Pan". De olho nas eleições de 2022, Cabo Daciolo tenta recriar partido de Enéas – Jovem Pan (in Brazilian Portuguese). 7 December 2019. Retrieved 24 May 2020.
- ^ "Tiririca se lança à reeleição e diz que vai disputar Presidência em 2022". UOL Eleições 2018 (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 24 May 2020.
- ^ a b de Campos, João Pedroso (23 August 2019). "Pesquisa, numa disputa com a esquerda, Bolsonaro é mais forte que Moro" (in Portuguese). Veja. Retrieved 23 August 2019.
- ^ "Pesquisa, Amoêdo diz que Zema é expoente para 2022, elogia Moro e fala em impeachment de Bolsonaro" (in Portuguese). Itatiaia. 11 May 2020. Retrieved 24 January 2021.
- ^ "Witzel admite disputar Presidência em 2022". BR 18 (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 18 July 2019.
- ^ "Wilson Witzel planeja concorrer à presidência em 2022 | Radar". VEJA.com (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 18 July 2019.
- ^ "Witzel diz que deseja suceder Bolsonaro como presidente do Brasil" (in Portuguese). Exame. 6 August 2019. Retrieved 25 August 2019.
- ^ Lima, Daniela (29 August 2019). "Witzel entra na mira dos Bolsonaro, que questionam cumprimento de plano fiscal do Rio" (in Portuguese). Folha de S. Paulo. Retrieved 29 August 2019.
- ^ Tavates, Joelmir; Linhares, Carolina (3 May 2020). "Janaina Paschoal é estimulado no PSL a tentar a Presidência em 2022" (in Portuguese). Folha de S. Paulo. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
- ^ "PSL quer Janaina Paschoal como candidata à presidência em 2022" (in Portuguese). Poder360. 3 May 2020. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
- ^ Roxo, Sergio (25 February 2019). "Haddad se opõe a ideia de Lula e, de olho em 2022, descarta disputar prefeitura de SP" (in Portuguese). O Globo. Retrieved 2 July 2019.
- ^ a b "Governador da Bahia ganha força para ser o candidato do PT à presidência em 2022" (in Portuguese). Último Segundo. 5 May 2019. Retrieved 2 July 2019.
- ^ "Projeto presidencial de Camilo faria Ciro apoiar PT, dizem aliados". www.folhape.com.br (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 14 November 2020.
- ^ "Lula quer experimentar Camilo Santana em 2022". CN7 - Sem medo da notícia (in Brazilian Portuguese). 13 October 2020. Retrieved 14 November 2020.
- ^ "Mediado por Camilo, o aperto de mãos Lula-Ciro projeta o governador para as presidenciais de 2022". Focus.jor | O que importa primeiro (in Brazilian Portuguese). 3 November 2020. Retrieved 14 November 2020.
- ^ "Não se espante se o nome de Wellington Dias aparecer como candidato a presidente em 2022 - OitoMeia". OitoMeia - Notícias: Teresina, Piauí, Brasil e Mundo. 8 August 2019. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
- ^ Bergamo, Mônica (23 August 2019). "Senador da Rede tem encontro com articulador de Huck ao Planalto" (in Portuguese). Folha de S. Paulo. Retrieved 23 August 2019.
- ^ Bergamo, Mônica (5 March 2020). "'Esse mundo tá louco', diz Drauzio Varella sobre concorrer à Presidência" ['The world is crazy', says Drauzio Varella about running for President] (in Portuguese). Folha de S.Paulo. Retrieved 5 March 2020.
- ^ "Lula descarta candidatura em 2022 e diz querer ser "cabo eleitoral"". noticias.uol.com.br (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 24 May 2020.
- ^ Brasília, Redação Jornal de (23 April 2020). "Lula estará no palanque nas eleições de 2022". JBr. (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 24 May 2020.
- ^ "Guedes descarta candidatura em 2022 e diz que entende 'zero' de política – Jovem Pan". Guedes descarta candidatura em 2022 e diz que entende 'zero' de política – Jovem Pan (in Brazilian Portuguese). 9 November 2019. Retrieved 24 May 2020.
- ^ "Cotado para vice de Huck e citado por Lula, Paulo Hartung fala de Bolsonaro e sobre seu futuro". Gazeta do Povo (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 24 May 2020.
- ^ "Cotado para a presidência, Flávio Dino anuncia candidatura ao Senado em 2022". Fórum (in Brazilian Portuguese). 30 December 2020. Retrieved 23 January 2021.
- ^ "Flávio Dino assume possibilidade de se candidatar à presidência em 2022". O Imparcial (in Brazilian Portuguese). 9 July 2019. Retrieved 20 July 2019.
- ^ "Previdência fortalece Maia para eleição de 2022" (in Portuguese). Exame. 12 July 2019. Retrieved 22 August 2019.
- ^ Gomes Batista, Henrique; Martins, Elisa (27 June 2019). "Feliciano se diz candidato ideal a vice de Bolsonaro em 2022" (in Portuguese). Época. Retrieved 2 July 2019.
- ^ "Luciano Huck já tem data para sair da Globo e disputar corrida presidencial" [Luciano Huck already has a date to leave Globo and compete in the presidential race]. 22 January 2021. Archived from the original on 23 January 2021. Retrieved 23 January 2021.
- ^ "Líder do PDT cogita aliança com PT após fala de Santana sobre chapa Ciro-Lula" (in Brazilian Portuguese). Último Segundo - iG. 27 October 2020. Retrieved 27 October 2020.
- ^ a b c Araújo, Carla (9 November 2020). "Após EUA, Planalto quer estratégia eleitoral e pensa em vice para Bolsonaro". UOL Economia (in Portuguese). Retrieved 10 November 2020.
- ^ "Damares pode ser vice de Bolsonaro na chapa de 2022" (in Portuguese). Valor. 14 February 2020.
- ^ "Moro já cogita compor chapa com Bolsonaro em 2022" (in Portuguese). O Dia. 28 September 2019. Retrieved 3 October 2019.
| Presidential elections | |
|---|---|
| Parliamentary elections | |
| Gubernatorial elections | |
| State elections | |
| Municipal elections | |
| Referendums | |
