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Flag of Croatia

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"Croatian flag" redirects here. For the flag of Croatians in Serbia, see Flag of Croats of Serbia.
Republic of Croatia
Flag of Croatia
Trobojnica
(The Tricolour)
UseNational flag
Proportion1:2
Adopted21 December 1990; 33 years ago (1990-12-21)
DesignA horizontal tricolour of red, white, and blue with the Coat of Arms of Croatia in the centre.
Designed byMiroslav Šutej[1]
UseCivil and state ensign
Proportion2:3
Adopted1992
DesignThree equal horizontal bands of red (top), white and blue superimposed by the Croatian coat of arms.
UseNaval ensign
Proportion2:3
Adopted1992
DesignThree equal horizontal bands of red (top), white and blue superimposed by the emblem of the Croatian Navy.

The national flag of Croatia (Croatian: Zastava Hrvatske) or The Tricolour (Trobojnica) is one of the state symbols of Croatia. It consists of three equal size, horizontal stripes in colours red, white and blue. In the middle is the coat of arms of Croatia.

History

The flag combines the colours of the flags of the Kingdom of Croatia (red and white), the Kingdom of Slavonia (blue and white) and partially of the Kingdom of Dalmatia (blue and yellow).

The red-white-blue tricolour has been used as the Croatian flag since 1848, and the pan-Slavic colours are widely associated with romantic nationalism. While the Banovina of Croatia existed within the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, it had a similar flag without the modern crown above the chequy. After the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was invaded and Croatia became the Independent State of Croatia, the crown was removed and a "U" was placed at the top left of the flag. Also, the first field of the Croatian chequy was white. After Nazi Germany collapsed and the SFR Yugoslavia was created, Croatia's flag had a five-pointed red star with a yellow border in place of the coat of arms. The star was replaced by the coat of arms in May 1990, shortly after the first multiparty elections. The current flag and the coat of arms were officially adopted on 21 December 1990, about ten months before the proclamation of independence from Yugoslavia and a day before the Constitution of Croatia on 22 December 1990.

Shield

The shield is in the red and white checks of Croatia. Above is a crown made of shields of its various regions. From left to right they are the ancient arms of Croatia, Dubrovnik, Dalmatia, Istria and Slavonia.

Colours

Flag of Croatia on the top of the Vukovar water tower
Flag of Croatia on Knin Fortress
The largest flying flag in Croatia, atop the Srđ mountain over the city of Dubrovnik

The following colours are specified for use in the flag:[2]

Scheme Red White Cyan Blue Yellow Black
Pantone 186 C Transparent white Process Cyan C Reflex Blue C 108 C Process Black C
CMYK 0-100-100-0 0-0-0-0 100-0-0-0 100-82-0-2 0-6-95-0 0-0-0-100
RGB 255-0-0 255-255-255 0-147-221 23-23-150 247-219-23 0-0-0
Hex #ff0000 #ffffff #0093dd #171796 #f7db17 #000000

Unicode

The national flag of Croatia is represented as the Unicode emoji sequence U+1F1ED 🇭 REGIONAL INDICATOR SYMBOL LETTER H and U+1F1F7 🇷 REGIONAL INDICATOR SYMBOL LETTER R.[3]

Historical flags

Main article: List of Croatian flags § Historical flags (tricolour)

Other official flags in Croatia

  • Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag Naval Ensign

  • Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag Naval Jack

  • Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag Flag of the President and the Commander-in-Chief

  • Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag Flag of the Minister of Defence

  • Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag Flag of the Chief of the General Staff

  • Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag Flag of the Commander of the Croatian Navy

  • Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag Flag of the Admiral of the Fleet

  • Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag Flag of the Admiral

  • Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag Flag of the Vice Admiral

  • Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag Flag of the Rear Admiral

  • Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag Flag of the Commodore

  • Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag Pennant of the commander of a fleet of naval vessels

  • Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag Pennant of the commander of a flotilla of naval vessels

  • Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag Pennant of the commander of a division of naval vessels

  • Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag Pennant of the commander of a group of naval vessels

  • Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag Pennant of the most senior commander of a naval vessel

  • Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag Pennant of the commander of a naval vessel

  • Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag Flag of the Speaker of the Croatian Parliament

  • Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag Flag of the President of the Government of the Republic of Croatia

  • Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag Flag of the General of the Armed Forces

  • Croatian flag flying in Dubrovnik.
    Croatian flag flying in Dubrovnik.
  • Fans holding the Croatian flag during the 2011 Hungarian Grand Prix.
    Fans holding the Croatian flag during the 2011 Hungarian Grand Prix.
  • Athletes of Croatia entering during the opening ceremonies of the 2010 Winter Paralympics with the national flag.
    Athletes of Croatia entering during the opening ceremonies of the 2010 Winter Paralympics with the national flag.
  • A series of Croatian flags during Statehood Day in 2007.
    A series of Croatian flags during Statehood Day in 2007.
  • Croatian Honor Guard during the parade.
    Croatian Honor Guard during the parade.
  • Croatian flag raised in the European Parliament after accession in 2013.
    Croatian flag raised in the European Parliament after accession in 2013.
  • The Croatian flag during the 2015 World Fencing Championships opening ceremony in Moscow.
    The Croatian flag during the 2015 World Fencing Championships opening ceremony in Moscow.
  • The flag in the Croatian Embassy in Budapest.
    The flag in the Croatian Embassy in Budapest.
  • In Crikvenica, fans gathered with the Croatian flag watching the home team playing Portugal during the 2016 Independence Day holiday.
    In Crikvenica, fans gathered with the Croatian flag watching the home team playing Portugal during the 2016 Independence Day holiday.

See also

References

  1. ^ "Flag of the Republic of Croatia". Croatian Parliament. Archived from the original on 14 June 2012. Retrieved 30 July 2012.
  2. ^ "Hrvatski sabor - Grafički standardi zastave RH". Sabor.hr. Archived from the original on 1 July 2017. Retrieved 9 January 2018.
  3. ^ "🇭🇷 Flag for Croatia Emoji". Retrieved 2018-10-30.
  4. ^ Heimer, Željko. "Hrvatska-povijesne zastave". zeljko-heimer-fame.from.hr. Retrieved 2 March 2019.
  5. ^ Jelena Boršak-Marijanović, Zastave kroz stoljeća, Croatian History Museum, Zagreb, 1996, p. 110
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