Temoq people
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| Less than 100 (2010)[1] – 475[2] | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
 Malaysia (Pahang) | |
| Languages | |
| Temoq language, Malay language | |
| Religion | |
| Perman (Ethnic religion)[1] | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Semelai people, Jakun people |
Temoq people belong to the Proto-Malay[3] of the Orang Asli ethnic group that are found in Pahang, Malaysia.[4]
Settlement area
The Temoq people that are officially recognized are known to settle in two kampungs; on the eastern side of Tasik Bera[5] and on the southern side of Tasik Chini, in between the settlements of the Jakun people and the Semelai people.[6]
Population
The dynamics of the Temoq population are as the following:-
| Year | 1960[7] | 1965[7] | 1969[7] | 1974[7] | 1980[7] | 1996[7] | 2010[1] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 51 | 52 | 100 | N/A | N/A | N/A | Less than 100 |
Due to their small population, they have been declared extinct several times by the government by simply absorbing them into other neighbouring Orang Asli groups such as the Jakun people in 1974, 1980 and 1996,[7] and with the Semelai people in 2010 for census and administrative purposes.[1]
Origins
There are two versions on the origins of the Temoq people:-[6]
- The Jakun narrative identifies the Temoq people were once part of the Jakun people.
- The Semelai narrative are slightly different from the Jakun's version, but the Semelai people (who practices circumcision) uses the Semaq Beri people and Temoq people as an alternative reference to Orang Asli unlike the Jakun people who do not. The Semelai people regard the Temoq people as the original inhabitants of Tasik Bera.[5]
Language
The language of the Temoq and Semelai people are of the Austroasiatic languages branch, which is different from the Malayic languages of the Austronesian languages branch.[8][3] Generally Malay language is frequently used along with Semelai language among the western Temoq people, while Jakun language with the eastern Temoq people although they still know Temoq language.[9]
Lifestyle
The Temoq people practice ownership of properties at the individual level. Their main sources of income include agriculture, fishing and hunting.[10]
References
- ^ a b c d Kirk Endicott (2015). Malaysia's Original People: Past, Present and Future of the Orang Asli. NUS Press. ISBN 99-716-9861-7.
- ^ "Temoq of Malaysia". People Groups. Retrieved 2017-01-11.
- ^ a b Robert Parkin (1991). A Guide to Austroasiatic Speakers and Their Languages. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 08-248-1377-4.
- ^ Peter Laird (1979). "Ritual, Territory and Region: The Temoq of Pahang, West Malaysia". Social Analysis. Department of Anthropology, University of Adelaide.
- ^ a b Nicole Kruspe (2004). A Grammar of Semelai. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 05-218-1497-9.
- ^ a b Peter A. van der Helm. "The Tasik Bera Connection: Tales of Two Lakes". Sri Gumum. Retrieved 2017-01-11.
- ^ a b c d e f g Nobuta Toshihiro (2009). "Living On The Periphery: Development and Islamization Among Orang Asli in Malaysia" (PDF). Center for Orang Asli Concerns. Retrieved 2017-10-27.
- ^ Colin Nicholas. "Orang Asli and the Bumiputera Policy". Centre For Orang Asli Concerns. Archived from the original on 2012-02-09. Retrieved 2017-01-11.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - ^ Bulletin, Volume 1, Issue 4. Raffles Museum and Library. 1949. p. 80.
- ^ Osman Ali, Zarina Shamsuddin & B.A.K. Khalid (September 1991). "Socioeconomic, social behaviour and dietary patterns among Malaysian aborigines and rural native Malays" (PDF). Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Medical Journal of Malaysia Vol. 46 No. 3. Retrieved 2018-01-19.
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