List of heads of state of Azerbaijan
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This is the list of the heads of state of Azerbaijan from 1918 to the present. 25 people have been head of the Azerbaijani state since its establishment in 1918. It includes leaders of short-lived Azerbaijan Democratic Republic (1918–1920), of Soviet Azerbaijan (1920–1991), and of post-Soviet era.
Multiple terms in office, consecutive or otherwise, are listed and counted in the first column (administration number) and the second column counts individuals.
The youngest head of state by his accession to office was Grigory Kaminsky, at age 25, and the oldest Heydar Aliyev, at age 70.
Leaders of Azerbaijan since 1918
Colour key (for political parties) |
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Azerbaijan Democratic Republic (1918–1920)
- Chairman of the Azerbaijani National Council
No. | President | Term of office | Political party | Government | Elected | Ref | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Portrait | Name | Took Office | Left Office | Days | |||||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Musavat/meta/color;"| 1 | Mammad Amin Rasulzade Məmməd Əmin Rəsulzadə (1884–1955) |
28 May 1918 | 7 December 1918 | 193 | style="background:Template:Musavat/meta/color;"|Musavat |
1. Rasulzade I | 1918 | [1] | |
Regarded as the first President in the modern sense; won the Battle of Baku; remained neutral on the Russian Civil War; established Azerbaijani Armed Forces. |
- Chairman of Parliament
No. | Chairman of Parliament | Term of office | Political party | Government | Elected | Ref | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Portrait | Name | Took Office | Left Office | Days | |||||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Ittifaq al-Muslimin/meta/color;"| 1 | Alimardan Topchubashov Əlimərdan Topçubaşov (1862–1934) |
7 December 1918 | 27 April 1920 | 507 | style="background:Template:Ittifaq al-Muslimin/meta/color;"|Ittifaq al-Muslimin |
1. Topchubashov I | 1918 | [2] | |
Achieved the de facto recognition of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic. |
Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic (1922–1936) and Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic (1936–1991)
- Chairman of the Presidium of the Communist Party of Azerbaijan SSR
No. | Chairman | Term of office | Political party | Government | Elected | Ref | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Portrait | Name | Took Office | Left Office | Days | |||||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Russian Federation/meta/color;"| 1 | Mirza Davud Huseynov Mirzə Davud Hüseynov (1894–1938) |
28 April 1920 | 23 July 1920 | 86 | style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Russian Federation/meta/color;"|Communist (Bolsheviks) |
1. Hüseynov I | — | [3] | |
During the Great Purge, he was arrested, accused of plotting against the Soviet state, sentenced to death and executed. | |||||||||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Russian Federation/meta/color;"| 2 | Victor Naneyshvili Viktor Naneyşvili (1878–1940) |
23 July 1920 | 9 September 1920 | 48 | style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Russian Federation/meta/color;"|Communist (Bolsheviks) |
2. Naneyşvili I | — | [4] | |
During the Great Purge, he was arrested, accused of plotting against the Soviet state, sentenced to death and executed. | |||||||||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Russian Federation/meta/color;"| 3 | Elena Stasova Yelena Stasova (1873–1966) |
9 September 1920 | 15 September 1920 | 6 | style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Russian Federation/meta/color;"|Communist (Bolsheviks) |
3. Stasova I | — | [5] | |
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Russian Federation/meta/color;"| 4 | Vladimir Dumbadze Vladimir Dumbadze (1879–1934) |
15 September 1920 | 24 November 1920 | 70 | style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Russian Federation/meta/color;"|Communist (Bolsheviks) |
4. Dumbadze I | — | [6] | |
During the Great Purge, he was arrested, accused of plotting against the Soviet state, sentenced to death and executed. |
- Executive Secretary of the Communist Party of Azerbaijan SSR
No. | Secretary | Term of office | Political Party | Government | Elected | Ref | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Portrait | Name | Took Office | Left Office | Days | |||||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Russian Federation/meta/color;"| 1 | Grigory Kaminsky Qriqori Kaminski (1895–1938) |
24 October 1920 | 24 July 1921 | 273 | style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Russian Federation/meta/color;"|Communist (Bolsheviks) |
1. Kaminski I | — | [7] | |
During the Great Purge, he was arrested, accused of plotting against the Soviet state, sentenced to death and executed. |
- First Secretary of the Communist Party of Azerbaijan SSR
No. | First Secretary | Term of office | Political Party | Government | Elected | Ref | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Portrait | Name | Took Office | Left Office | Days | |||||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Russian Federation/meta/color;"| 1 | Sergey Kirov Sergey Kirov (1886–1934) |
24 July 1921 | 5 January 1925 | 168 | style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Russian Federation/meta/color;"|Communist (Bolsheviks) |
1. Kirov I | — | [8] | |
Enforced Soviet rule over unwilling Azerbaijani nationalists; played an important role in helping to deliver Baku’s oil to Soviet Russia. | |||||||||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Russian Federation/meta/color;"| 2 | Ruhulla Akhundov Ruhulla Axundov (1897–1938) |
5 January 1925 | 21 January 1926 | 366 | style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Russian Federation/meta/color;"|Communist (Bolsheviks) |
2. Axundov I | — | [9] | |
During the Great Purge, he was arrested, accused of plotting against the Soviet state, sentenced to death and executed. | |||||||||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Russian Federation/meta/color;"| 3 | Levon Mirzoyan Levon Mirzoyan (1887–1939) |
21 January 1926 | 11 July 1929 | 1267 | style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Russian Federation/meta/color;"|Communist (Bolsheviks) |
3. Mirzoyan I | — | [10] | |
Purged Azerbaijani intelligentsia, communist leaders who had sympathized with the opposition or who might have once leaned toward Pan-Turkism. | |||||||||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Russian Federation/meta/color;"| 4 | Nikolay Gikalo Nikolay Gikalo (1897–1938) |
11 July 1929 | 5 August 1930 | 390 | style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Russian Federation/meta/color;"|Communist (Bolsheviks) |
4. Gikalo I | — | [11] | |
During the Great Purge, he was arrested, accused of plotting against the Soviet state, sentenced to death and executed. | |||||||||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Russian Federation/meta/color;"| 5 | Vladimir Polonsky Vladimir Polonski (1893–1937) |
5 August 1930 | 7 February 1933 | 917 | style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Russian Federation/meta/color;"|Communist (Bolsheviks) |
5. Polonski I | — | [12] | |
During the Great Purge, he was arrested, accused of plotting against the Soviet state, sentenced to death and executed. | |||||||||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Russian Federation/meta/color;"| 6 | Ruben Rubenov Ruben Rubenov (1894–1937) |
7 February 1933 | 10 December 1933 | 306 | style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Russian Federation/meta/color;"|Communist (Bolsheviks) |
6. Rubenov I | — | [13] | |
During the Great Purge, he was arrested, accused of plotting against the Soviet state, sentenced to death and executed. | |||||||||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Soviet Union/meta/color;"| 7 | Mir Jafar Baghirov Mir Cəfər Bağırov (1896–1956) |
10 December 1933 | 6 April 1953 | 7057 | style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Soviet Union/meta/color;"|Communist |
7. Bağırov I | — | [14] | |
Followed Stalin's orders without question; Purged Azerbaijani intelligentsia, communist leaders who had sympathized with the opposition or who might have once leaned toward Pan-Turkism. | |||||||||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Soviet Union/meta/color;"| 8 | Mir Teymur Yaqubov Mir Teymur Yaqubov (1904–1970) |
6 April 1953 | 17 February 1954 | 317 | style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Soviet Union/meta/color;"|Communist |
8. Yaqubov I | — | [15] | |
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Soviet Union/meta/color;"| 9 | Imam Mustafayev Imam Mustafayev (1910–1997) |
17 February 1954 | 10 July 1959 | 1969 | style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Soviet Union/meta/color;"|Communist |
9. Mustafayev I | — | [16] | |
Restored Azerbaijani language as the official language of the Azerbaijan SSR. | |||||||||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Soviet Union/meta/color;"| 10 | Vali Akhundov Vəli Axundov (1916–1986) |
10 July 1959 | 14 July 1969 | 3657 | style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Soviet Union/meta/color;"|Communist |
10. Axundov I | — | [17] | |
He is credited in Azerbaijan for rebuffing the Armenian claims for Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast in 1965. | |||||||||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Soviet Union/meta/color;"| 11 | Heydar Aliyev Heydər Əliyev (1923–2003) |
14 July 1969 | 3 December 1982 | 4890 | style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Soviet Union/meta/color;"|Communist |
11. H.Əliyev I | — | [18] | |
Temporarily improved economic conditions and promoted alternative industries to the declining oil industry. | |||||||||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Soviet Union/meta/color;"| 12 | Kamran Baghirov Kamran Bağırov (1933–2000) |
3 December 1982 | 21 May 1988 | 1996 | style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Soviet Union/meta/color;"|Communist |
12. Bağırov I | — | [19] | |
He was strongly criticized for worsening economic conditions in Azerbaijan. | |||||||||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Soviet Union/meta/color;"| 13 | Abdurrahman Vazirov Əbdürrəhman Vəzirov (born 1930) |
21 May 1988 | 25 January 1990 | 614 | style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Soviet Union/meta/color;"|Communist |
13. Vəzirov I | — | [20] | |
Shared internationalist values and aspirations for political reform but he could not cope effectively with the complex political situation in Azerbaijan. | |||||||||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Soviet Union/meta/color;"| 14 | Ayaz Mutallibov Ayaz Mütəllibov (born 1938) |
25 January 1990 | 14 September 1991 | 597 | style="background:Template:Communist Party of the Soviet Union/meta/color;"|Communist |
14. Mütəllibov I | — | [21] | |
Black January. |
Republic of Azerbaijan (1991–present)
- Presidents
See also
References
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{{cite web}}
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- ^ Davies, Robert William (2003). Stalin-Kaganovich correspondence, 1931–1936. Yale University Press. p. 408. ISBN 0-300-09367-5.
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- ^ a b c "Exiled Former President Returns To Azerbaijan For Son's Funeral". www.rferl.org. Retrieved 2 August 2014.
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- ^ "İsa Qəmbər on adam.az". adam.az (in Azerbaijani). Archived from the original on 19 August 2014. Retrieved 19 August 2014.
- ^ (in French) "Les liaisons dangereuses de la police turque", Le Monde diplomatique, March 1997
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