Sarthe

Sarthe
Department
Prefecture building of the Sarthe department, in Le Mans
Flag Coat of arms
Location of Sarthe in France
Coordinates: 48°17′N 0°13′E
Country	France
Region	Pays de la Loire
Prefecture	Le Mans
Subprefectures	La Flèche Mamers
Government
• President of the General Council	Roland du Luart
Area 1
• Total	6,206 km2 (2,396 sq mi)
Population  (2016)
• Total	567,561
• Rank	46th
• Density	91/km2 (240/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Department number	72
Arrondissements	3
Cantons	21
Communes	354
^1 French Land Register data, which exclude estuaries, and lakes, ponds, and glaciers larger than 1 km2

The Château de Boisclaireau, residence of the Gueroust family, Counts of Boisclaireau, in Sarthe.

Sarthe (French pronunciation: [saʁt]) is a department of the French region of Pays de la Loire situated in the Grand-Ouest of the country. It is named after the River Sarthe, which flows from east of Le Mans to just north of Angers.

History

In the late 18th century, before it was officially Sarthe, the nobility built their Mansions and Chateaus there, as an escape from Paris.

The department was created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790, pursuant to the law of 22 December 1789, starting from a part of the province of Maine. The latter was divided into two departments, Sarthe to the east and Mayenne to the west.

In Roman times, this province contained the city of Mans, and many of its ruins are still standing. The Roman Thermal Bathhouse attracts many tourists, as does the Theater of Aubigné-Racan, both located on the outskirts of Anjou, Maine, and Touraine.

Marin Mersenne, perhaps the most important scientific figure in the early 17th century, was born in the vicinity of Sarthe.

Geography

The department of Sarthe is at the north end of the administrative region of Pays de la Loire. It is south of Normandy and on the southern edge of the Armorican Massif. It is bordered by the departments of Orne, Eure-et-Loir, Loir-et-Cher, Indre-et-Loire, Maine-et-Loire and Mayenne.

Approximately 300,000 people, comprising more than half of the department's population, live in Le Mans, its conurbation, or the essentially urban communes close by. The rest of the department retains a rural character, with agriculture as the chief part of the economy.

The arrival of the railways in 1854 boosted trade for the local economy. A TGV connection was constructed in 1989, connecting the community to high-speed transport.

In terms of road connections, the A11 autoroute, which was constructed to Le Mans from the east in 1978, enhances Sarthe's strategic position as the gateway to the French west.

Demographics

Population development since 1801:

Historical population

Year	Pop.	±% p.a.
1801	388,143	—
1806	410,380	+1.12%
1821	428,432	+0.29%
1831	457,372	+0.66%
1841	470,535	+0.28%
1851	473,071	+0.05%
1861	466,155	−0.15%
1872	446,603	−0.39%
1881	438,917	−0.19%
1891	429,737	−0.21%
1901	422,699	−0.16%
1911	419,370	−0.08%
1921	389,235	−0.74%
1931	384,619	−0.12%
1936	388,519	+0.20%
1946	412,214	+0.59%
1954	420,393	+0.25%
1962	443,019	+0.66%
1968	461,839	+0.70%
1975	490,385	+0.86%
1982	504,768	+0.41%
1990	513,654	+0.22%
1999	529,851	+0.35%
2006	553,484	+0.63%
2011	565,718	+0.44%
2016	567,561	+0.07%
source:

Politics

The department was the electoral base of former Prime Minister Francois Fillon, who since 2012 sits in the National Assembly of France for a constituency in central Paris.

Current National Assembly Representatives

Constituency		Member	Party
style="background-color: Template:La République En Marche!/meta/color" |	Sarthe's 1st constituency	Damien Pichereau	La République En Marche!
style="background-color: Template:Socialist Party (France)/meta/color" |	Sarthe's 2nd constituency	Marietta Karamanli	Socialist Party
style="background-color: Template:En Marche!/meta/color" |	Sarthe's 3rd constituency	Pascale Fontenel-Personne	La République En Marche!
style="background-color: Template:Socialist Party (France)/meta/color" |	Sarthe's 4th constituency	Stéphane Le Foll	Socialist Party
style="background-color: Template:The Republicans (France)/meta/color" |	Sarthe's 5th constituency	Jean-Carles Grelier	The Republicans

Tourism

• 
  Gallo-Roman walls and Cathedral in Le Mans
• 
  Stained glass in Le Mans Cathedral
• 
  The 24 Hours of Le Mans is the world's oldest continuing sports car race in endurance racing.
• 
  Church of La Ferté-Bernard
• 
  Château du Lude
• 
  Château de Courtanvaux

See also

• Arrondissements of the Sarthe department
• Cantons of the Sarthe department
• Circuit de la Sarthe (cycling), an annual road cycling race
• Circuit de la Sarthe, a motor racing track
• Communes of the Sarthe department

External links

• Prefecture (in French)
• General Council (in French)
• Sarthe information (in French)