Kumbhanda

A male kumbhāṇḍa (left) and female Kumbhāṇḍakā (right).

Translations of Kumbhāṇḍa
Sanskrit	कुम्भाण्ड (IAST: Kumbhāṇḍa)
Pali	कुम्भण्ड (Kumbhaṇḍa)
Chinese	鳩槃荼 or 鳩盤拏 (Pinyin: Jiūpántú or Jiūpánná)
Japanese	鳩槃荼 (Rōmaji: kubanda)
Korean	구반다 (RR: gubanda)
Tibetan	གྲུལ་བུམ་ Wylie: grul bum THL: drulbum
Thai	กุมภัณฑ์
Vietnamese	Cưu bàn trà
Glossary of Buddhism

A kumbhāṇḍa (Sanskrit) or kumbhaṇḍa (Pāli) is one of a group of dwarfish, misshapen spirits among the lesser deities of Buddhist mythology.

Kumbhāṇḍa was a dialectal form for "gourd", so they may get their name from being thought to resemble gourds in some way, e.g. in having big stomachs. But kumbhāṇḍa can also be interpreted as "pot-egg"; since "egg" (aṇḍa) was a common euphemism for "testicle", the kumbhāṇḍas were imagined having testicles "as big as pots".

The terms kumbhāṇḍa and yakṣa are sometimes used for the same person; yakṣa in these cases is the more general term, including a variety of lower deities.

The kumbhāṇḍas are classed among the Cāturmahārājika deities, and are subject to the Great King Virūḍhaka, Guardian of the South. One of their chiefs is called Kumbhīra.

They are strong, fast, and have magical powers of change.

According to the Da zhidu lun, greedy officers are reborn as kumbhāṇḍhas.