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Mike Connors

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For other uses, see Michael Connors.
Mike Connors
Connors as Joe Mannix, 1968
Born
Krekor Ohanian

(1925-08-15)August 15, 1925
Fresno, California, U.S.
DiedJanuary 26, 2017(2017-01-26) (aged 91)
Tarzana, California, U.S.
Other namesTouch Connors
Alma materUniversity of California, Los Angeles
OccupationActor
Years active1952–2007
Spouse(s)
Mary Lou Willey
​
​
(m. 1949; "his death" is deprecated; use "died" instead. 2017)​
Children2

Krekor Ohanian (Template:Lang-hy; August 15, 1925 – January 26, 2017), known professionally as Mike Connors, was an American actor best known for playing private detective Joe Mannix in the CBS television series Mannix from 1967–1975, a role which earned him a Golden Globe Award in 1970, the first of six straight nominations, as well as four consecutive Emmy nominations from 1970–1973. He starred in the short-lived series Tightrope! (1959–1960) and Today's FBI (1981–1982). Connors' acting career spanned six decades. In addition to his work on television, he appeared in numerous films, including Sudden Fear (1952), Situation Hopeless... But Not Serious (1965), Stagecoach (1966), Kiss the Girls and Make Them Die (1966), and Too Scared to Scream (1985), which he also produced.

Early life

Connors was born Krekor Ohanian, Jr. on August 15, 1925, in Fresno, California, to Armenian parents Krekor Ohanian, Sr. (1881–1944) and Alice (née Surabian; 1898–1978). They married in 1915 and had six children: Paul I, Paul II, Dorothy M., Arpesri A., Krekor, and Eugene.[1] His father was an attorney and represented many Armenians who had little money and could not speak English.[2]

Connors was an avid basketball player in high school, nicknamed "Touch" by his teammates. During World War II, he served as an enlisted man in the United States Army Air Forces.[3] After the war, he attended the University of California at Los Angeles on both a basketball scholarship and the G.I. Bill, where he played under coach John Wooden. Connors went to law school, where he studied to become an attorney, taking after his father. He was a member of the Phi Delta Theta fraternity.[4] After a basketball game, coach Wilbur Johns introduced Connors to his friend, director William A. Wellman, who liked Connors' voice and expressive face while he was playing basketball, and encouraged him to consider acting.[2]

After Connors became an actor, his agent Henry Willson thought the name "Ohanian" was too similar to the actor George O'Hanlon and gave him the stage name "Touch Connors" based on his basketball nickname. Willson considered "Connors" to be a "good all-American name."[5] Connors later stated he hated the name "from day one" and considered not using his real name the only big regret of his career. After getting the starring role in Tightrope!, Connors wanted to be credited as Ohanian, but Columbia Pictures told him that he had already done too much work as Connors, though he was allowed to change his first name to Mike.[6]

Career

Early roles

Connors with Leigh Snowden (left) and Claire Kelly in a publicity photo for Tightrope!, 1960

Connors's film career started in the early 1950s, when he made his acting debut in a supporting role opposite Joan Crawford and Jack Palance in the thriller Sudden Fear (1952). He had initially been rejected for an audition by producer Joseph Kaufman due to his lack of experience, but after sneaking into Republic Pictures and meeting director David Miller, Connors was given a chance to read the script and was offered the part.[7]

Connors was cast in the critically acclaimed John Wayne film, Island in the Sky in which he played a crewman on one of the search-and-rescue planes. In 1956, he played an Amalekite herder in Cecil B. DeMille's The Ten Commandments.[8]

Connors appeared in numerous television series, including the co-starring role in the 1955 episode "Tomas and the Widow" of the anthology series Frontier. He guest-starred on the early sitcoms, Hey, Jeannie! and The People's Choice. He guest-starred in two Rod Cameron syndicated crime dramas, City Detective and the Western-themed State Trooper, and played the villain in the first episode filmed (but second one aired) of ABC's smash hit Maverick, opposite James Garner in 1957.[9]

Connors had roles in several of the earliest films Roger Corman directed: Five Guns West (1955), The Day the World Ended (1955), Swamp Women (1956), "Rock, Roll and Shake " (1956), and The Oklahoma Woman (1956).[10] Connors starred in and was the executive producer of Flesh and the Spur (1956). He raised $117,000 for the film.[11]

In 1958, Connors appeared in the title role of the episode "Simon Pitt", the series finale of the NBC Western Jefferson Drum, starring Jeff Richards as a frontier newspaper editor. He appeared in another NBC Western series, The Californians. That same year, Connors was cast as Miles Borden, a corrupt US Army lieutenant bitter over his $54 monthly pay, on NBC's Wagon Train in the episode "The Dora Gray Story" with Linda Darnell in the title role. About this time, he also appeared on an episode of NBC's Western series Cimarron City.[9]

Other syndicated series in which he appeared were The Silent Service, based on true stories of the submarine section of the United States Navy; Sheriff of Cochise, Whirlybirds, an aviation adventure series; and Rescue 8, based on stories of the Los Angeles County Fire Department. An episode of Studio 57 starring Connors and titled "Getaway Car" was proposed as a pilot for a series about the CHP to be called Motorcycle Cop.[12]

Connors starred as an undercover police officer who infiltrated organized crime in Tightrope! (1959–1960). Despite the show's popularity, it was cancelled after only one season. Connors stated in an interview that the show's primary sponsor, J.B. Williams, refused CBS president James Aubrey's request to move it to a later time slot on a different day. The sponsor dropped Tightrope! and underwrote another program on another network.[13] Connors also did not agree with the suggested change to add a sidekick, to be played by Don Sullivan.[14] He thought the program would lose the suspense element, "Because the whole premise was this guy, all by himself, 'on a tightrope.' ... When he gets a sidekick, it loses the threat and the danger, and the whole premise is in the toilet."[15]

Later, he was cast in the episode "The Aerialist" of the anthology series, Alcoa Presents: One Step Beyond. In 1963, he guest-starred as Jack Marson in the episode "Shadow of the Cougar" on the NBC modern Western series, Redigo, starring Richard Egan.[9] In 1964, Connors appeared in a pinch-hit role for Raymond Burr as attorney Joe Kelly in the Perry Mason episode, "The Case of the Bullied Bowler." Connors was invited to take on a lead role in the series on an ongoing basis, but the producers had actually wanted to pressure Burr into resigning his contract with the series.[15]

In 1964, Connors had a role in the Jack Lemmon comedy Good Neighbor Sam and was the leading man to Susan Hayward and Bette Davis in Where Love Has Gone. He co-starred with Robert Redford in one of his earliest film roles, the World War II black comedy Situation Hopeless... But Not Serious (1965), in which Connors and Redford played American soldiers taken prisoner by a German villager played by Alec Guinness. Connors played the card shark in the remake of Stagecoach (1966).[8]

Connors was strongly considered to play Matt Helm in The Silencers (1966), but that role had eventually gone to Dean Martin. However, his audition had impressed Columbia Pictures, so Connors was instead cast in the similar James Bond spoof film Kiss the Girls and Make Them Die (1966). Connors himself performed the stuntwork of dangling from a rope ladder attached to a helicopter flying off the Christ the Redeemer statue in Rio de Janeiro when the local stuntman refused to do it.[16]

Mannix

Connors with Gail Fisher in a publicity photo for Mannix, 1970

Connors became best known for playing the private investigator Joe Mannix in the detective series Mannix. The series ran for eight seasons from 1967 to 1975. During the first season of the series, Joe Mannix works for Intertect, a large Los Angeles detective agency run by his superior Lew Wickersham (Joseph Campanella). From the second season onward, Mannix opens his own detective agency and is assisted by his secretary Peggy Fair (Gail Fisher).[8]

Mannix was originally produced by Desilu Productions (later absorbed by Paramount Television). Then-president Lucille Ball pushed for CBS to keep the show on air by removing the high-tech computers and making Mannix an independent detective. This move enabled the show to become a long-running hit for the network.[17]

Connors performed his own stunts on the series. During the filming of the pilot episode, he broke his wrist and dislocated his shoulder.[17]

Joe Mannix was an Armenian-American, like Connors. He spoke Armenian in a number of episodes and often quoted Armenian proverbs.[17]

In 1970, Connors won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor in a Television Series Drama. He was nominated for the Golden Globe Award six times from 1970–1975 and was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series four times from 1970–1973.[8]

Connors with Eddie Egan in a publicity photo for Mannix, 1972

When discussing the success of the series in an interview, Connors stated: "The show itself started a whole new era of detective shows, because this wasn’t the usual cynical private eye à la Humphrey Bogart. It was more a show about an all-round normal human being. The character of Joe Mannix could be taken advantage of by a pretty face, he could shed a tear on an emotional level, he was very close to his father and his family, so he was more a normal personality with normal behaviour."[10]

Connors was able to work with his boss Lucille Ball on-screen during a cross-promotion episode of her Here's Lucy series in 1971. The episode, which opened Lucy's fourth season, is titled "Lucy and Mannix are Held Hostage". This was notable as the first episode shot at Universal Studios, after Ball ceased producing her program at Paramount Studios.[1]

Mannix remained a hit show through its final season and was not cancelled due to low ratings.[18] The show was taken off the air due to a dispute between CBS and Paramount.[10] Paramount had sold the rights to air Mannix reruns to rival network ABC without informing CBS. When CBS discovered the deal, the executives quickly decided to cancel Mannix to avoid losing viewership for new episodes to the reruns.[19]

He later reprised the role of Joe Mannix in a 1997 episode of Diagnosis: Murder and in the 2003 comedy film Nobody Knows Anything!.[20]

Later career

Connors with Genevieve Gilles in a publicity photo for Mannix, 1973

He narrated J. Michael Hagopian's 1975 documentary film The Forgotten Genocide, one of the first full-length features on the Armenian Genocide. The documentary was nominated for two Emmys.[21] In 1995, Connors narrated another Armenian documentary by Hagopian, Ararat Beckons.[1]

In 1976, Connors played Karl Ohanian in the television film The Killer Who Wouldn't Die. Producers and writers Ivan Goff and Ben Roberts, who were also producers for Mannix, wanted the character to have Connors' real last name.[22] The film was intended to be the pilot for a new ABC series titled Ohanian, about an Armenian-American former homicide detective who is now a charter-boat skipper.[23] However, the series was not picked up.[22]

Connors had roles in the thriller films Avalanche Express (1979) and Nightkill (1980).[10][24] He starred as a bureau veteran who mentors a team of agents in Today's FBI (1981–1982). The series only lasted one season.[20] Connors both starred in and produced the independent horror film Too Scared to Scream (1985).[25]

He played Air Force Colonel Harrison "Hack" Peters in Herman Wouk's 1988 World War II-based miniseries War and Remembrance. Connors hosted the 1989 series Crimes of the Century. He voiced the character Chipacles in the Disney animated series Hercules from 1998 to 1999.[8]

Connors' final appearance was in a 2007 Two and a Half Men episode, as a love interest of Evelyn Harper (Holland Taylor).[20]

Personal life

Connors married Mary Lou Willey on September 10, 1949, when they were both UCLA students.[20] They had two children, a son, Matthew Gunnar Ohanian (b. 1958), and a daughter, Dana Lee Connors (b. 1960). His son Matthew was diagnosed with schizophrenia at age 15. Matthew predeceased his father, dying of heart failure in 2007.[26] Through his daughter Dana, he has one granddaughter.[20]

He spoke three languages: Armenian, English, and French.[27]

Connors was a cousin of French-Armenian singer Charles Aznavour.[28][29][30]

After his son's diagnosis, Connors became active in charitable organizations for mental-disorder patients. He was a spokesperson for the National Alliance on Mental Illness. In 1998, the UC Irvine College of Medicine's Brain Imaging Center Committee awarded Connors the Silver Ribbon Award for his contributions.[26]

He did a public-service announcement for the Armenian Eye Care Project.[31]

Connors was a Republican.[32] He endorsed Ronald Reagan for President in 1980 and 1984 and endorsed George Deukmejian for Governor of California in 1982 and 1986.[33]

Death

Connors died in Tarzana, California, at the age of 91 on January 26, 2017, a week after being diagnosed with leukemia.[1][34]

Filmography

Film

Year Title Role Notes
1952 Sudden Fear Junior Kearney
1953 The 49th Man Lt. Magrew
1953 Sky Commando Lt. Hobson Lee
1953 Island in the Sky Gainer
1954 Day of Triumph Andrew
1955 Five Guns West Hale Clinton
1955 The Twinkle in God's Eye Lou
1955 Day the World Ended Tony Lamont
1956 Jaguar Marty Lang
1956 Swamp Women Bob Matthews
1956 The Oklahoma Woman Tom Blake
1956 Flesh and the Spur Stacy Doggett Also executive producer
1956 The Ten Commandments Amalekite Herder
1956 Shake, Rattle & Rock! Garry Nelson
1957 Voodoo Woman Ted Bronson
1958 Suicide Battalion Major Matt McCormack
1958 Live Fast, Die Young Rick
1960 The Dalton That Got Away Russ Dalton
1964 Panic Button Frank Pagano
1964 Good Neighbor Sam Howard Ebbets
1964 Where Love Has Gone Major Luke Miller
1965 Harlow Jack Harrison
1965 Situation Hopeless... But Not Serious Sgt. Lucky Finder
1966 Stagecoach Hatfield
1966 Kiss the Girls and Make Them Die Kelly
1979 Avalanche Express Haller
1980 Nightkill Wendell Atwell
1985 Too Scared to Scream Lt. Alex Dinardo Also producer
1989 Fist Fighter Billy Vance
1993 Public Enemy #2 Himself
1994 William Saroyan: The Man, the Writer Narrator Voice
1994 Downtown Heat Steve
1997 James Dean: Race with Destiny Jack Warner
1998 Gideon Harland Greer
2000 The Extreme Adventures of Super Dave Grandpa Osborne Uncredited
2003 Nobody Knows Anything! Joe Mannix

Television

Year Title Role Notes
1954 The Ford Television Theatre Christopher Ames Episode: "Yours for a Dream"
1954 Mr. & Mrs. North Mark Willard Episode: "Murder for Sale"
1955 City Detective Massey Episode: "Baby in the Basket"
1955 The Lineup Episode: "The Messenger Case"
1955 Frontier Tomas Episode: "Tomas and the Widow"
1955 Schlitz Playhouse of Stars Mel Dunlap / Lou Renaldi 2 episodes
1955 The Life and Legend of Wyatt Earp Pat Smith Episode: "The Big Baby Contest"
1956 Have Camera Will Travel Larry Television film
1956 Dr. Hudson's Secret Journal Episode: "The Diana Story"
1956 The Millionaire Victor Volante Episode: "The Victor Volante Story"
1956 The Loretta Young Show Al Kiner Episode: "Now a Brief Word"
1956 The Adventures of Jim Bowie Rafe Bradford Episode: "Broomstick Wedding"
1956 Gunsmoke Bostick Episode: "The Mistake"
1956 The People's Choice Bob Staples Episode: "Sock and the Law"
1956–1959 State Trooper Jim Madison / Jim Herndon 2 episodes
1957 Hey, Jeannie! Lash Connor Episode: "Jeannie, the Westerner"
1957 Sheriff of Cochise Jess Stiles Episode: "Husband and Wife"
1957 Code 3 Bill Dalhart Episode: "The Water Skier"
1957 Lux Video Theatre Glen Kramer Episode: "The Latch Key"
1957 The Silent Service Don Melhop Episode: "The Ordeal of S-38"
1957 Those Whiting Girls Hotel Guest Episode: "The Trio"
1957 M Squad Pete Wikowlski Episode: "Pete Loves Mary"
1957 Have Gun – Will Travel Johnny Dart Episode: "The Bride"
1957 The Gale Storm Show Jerry Moss Episode: "Mardi Gras"
1957 Maverick Sheriff Barney Fillmore / Ralph Jordan 2 episodes
1957 The Walter Winchell File Dave Hopper Episode: "The Steep Hill"
1957–1959 Whirlybirds Tom Grimaldi / Wally Otis 2 episodes
1958 Wagon Train Lt. Miles Borden Episode: "The Dora Gray Story"
1958 Telephone Time Cy Yedor Episode: "The Checkered Flag"
1958 Official Detective Martin Whiting[35] Episode: "The Cover-Up"
1958 Studio 57 Patrolman Jeff Saunders / Hap Gordon 2 episodes
1958 Cheyenne Roy Simmons Episode: "Dead to Rights"
1958 Target Episode: "Death Makes a Phone Call"
1958 The Texan Larry Enright Episode: "The Edge of the Cliff"
1958 Cimarron City Bill Thatcher Episode: "Hired Hand"
1958 Rescue 8 Joe Starky Episode: "Find That Bomb!"
1958 Jefferson Drum Simon Pitt Episode: "Simon Pitt"
1958 Lawman Hal Daniels Episode: "Lady in Question"
1959 The Rough Riders Randall Garrett Episode: "Wilderness Trace"
1959 Bronco Hurd Elliott Episode: "School for Cowards"
1959 Alcoa Presents: One Step Beyond Mario Patruzzio Episode: "The Aerialist"
1959 The Californians Charles Cora Episode: "The Bell Tolls"
1959 Mickey Spillane's Mike Hammer Marty / Lou Torrey 2 episodes
1959–1960 Tightrope! Nick Stone (undercover agent)[36] 37 episodes
1962 The Untouchables Eddie O'Gara Episode: "The Eddie O'Gara Story"
1962 The Expendables Mike Television film
1963 Redigo Jack Marston Episode: "Shadow of the Cougar"
1964 Perry Mason Joe Kelly Episode: "The Case of the Bullied Bowler"
1967–1975 Mannix Joe Mannix 194 episodes
Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Television Series Drama (1970)
Nominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Television Series Drama (1971–1975)
Nominated—Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series (1970–1973)
1968–1970 The Red Skelton Show Plastic Surgeon / Airline Pilot / Henry Pringle / Himself / Federal Witness 3 episodes
1971 Here's Lucy Joe Mannix Episode: "Lucy and Mannix Are Held Hostage"
1973 Beg, Borrow, or Steal Vic Cummings Television film
1973 Bob Hope Special Joe Mannix Private Eyes spoof skit with Hope as "Cannon"
1976 The Killer Who Wouldn't Die Karl Ohanian Television film
1976 Charo Gen. George Washington Television film
1976 Revenge For A Rape Travis Green Television film
1977 Police Story Curtis 'Manny' Mandell Episode: "Stigma"
1978 Long Journey Back Vic Casella Television film
1979 The Death of Ocean View Park Sam Jackson Television film
1979 High Midnight Capt. Lou Mikalich Television film
1980 Casino Nick Television film
1981–1982 The Love Boat Mark Hayward / Sidney Sloan 4 episodes
1981–1982 Today's FBI Ben Slater 18 episodes
1984 Earthlings Captain Jim Adams Television film, unsold pilot[37]
1984 Glitter Episode: "Pilot"
1984 The Fall Guy Himself Episode: "Private Eyes"
1988–1989 War and Remembrance Col. Harrison 'Hack' Peters 4 episodes
1989 Alfred Hitchcock Presents Robert Logan Episode: "Driving Under the Influence"
1989–1995 Murder, She Wrote Boyce Brown / Walter Murray 3 episodes
1993 Armen and Bullik Joe 'Uncle Do Do' Armen Television film
1993 The Commish James Hayden Episode: "Scali, P.I."
1993 Hart to Hart Returns Bill McDowell Television film
1994 Burke's Law Jack Duncan Episode: "Who Killed the Anchorman?"
1997 Diagnosis: Murder Joe Mannix Episode: "Hard-Boiled Murder"
1998 Walker, Texas Ranger Judge Arthur McSpadden Episode: "Code of the West"
1998–1999 Hercules Chipacles Voice, 10 episodes
2007 Two and a Half Men Hugo Episode: "Prostitutes and Gelato", (final appearance)

Awards and nominations

Year Association Category Nominated work Result
1970 Golden Globe Awards Best Actor – Television Series Drama Mannix Won
1970 Primetime Emmy Awards Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series Mannix Nominated
1971 Golden Globe Awards Best Actor – Television Series Drama Mannix Nominated
1971 Primetime Emmy Awards Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series Mannix Nominated
1972 Golden Globe Awards Best Actor – Television Series Drama Mannix Nominated
1972 Primetime Emmy Awards Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series Mannix Nominated
1973 Golden Globe Awards Best Actor – Television Series Drama Mannix Nominated
1973 Primetime Emmy Awards Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series Mannix Nominated
1974 Golden Globe Awards Best Actor – Television Series Drama Mannix Nominated
1975 Golden Globe Awards Best Actor – Television Series Drama Mannix Nominated

References

  1. ^ a b c d Grode, Eric (January 27, 2017). "Mike Connors, Long-Running TV Sleuth in 'Mannix,' Dies at 91". The New York Times. Retrieved January 27, 2017.
  2. ^ a b Weaver 2003, p. 17.
  3. ^ Kelsey, Juliett (April 1999). "Famous and Formerly Enlisted" (PDF). Air Force Magazine. Air Force Association. Retrieved May 31, 2018.
  4. ^ UCLA Yearbook (1947), pages 454–455
  5. ^ "Actor Mike Connors radio interview with Mike Connors - 2014". Connors' Corner (Interview). Interviewed by Mike Connors. May 2014. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
  6. ^ Weaver 2003, p. 19–20.
  7. ^ Weaver 2003, p. 20–21.
  8. ^ a b c d e Barnes, Mike (January 26, 2017). "Mike Connors, Principled Private Detective on 'Mannix,' Dies at 91". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
  9. ^ a b c Lentz III, Harris M. (2018). Obituaries in the Performing Arts, 2017. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company. p. 80. ISBN 978-1-4766-7032-4.
  10. ^ a b c d "Mike Connors: "I didn't want to just walk through the part of Mannix when it was so successful"". Film Talk. December 22, 2015. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
  11. ^ Weaver 2003, p. 24.
  12. ^ Terrace, Vincent (2013). Encyclopedia of Television Pilots, 1937–2012. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company. p. 105. ISBN 978-0-7864-7445-5.
  13. ^ Weaver 2003, p. 29.
  14. ^ Interview by Paul & Donna ParlaSULLIVAN’S TRAVELS IN HOLLYWOOD An Interview with ‘B’ Monster Movie Hero Don Sullivan copyright 2008 Paul Parla/Anthony Di Salvo
  15. ^ a b Weaver 2003, p. 30.
  16. ^ Weaver 2003, p. 33.
  17. ^ a b c Paul, JoAnn M. (2014). "1". And Now, Back to Mannix. Duncan, Oklahoma: BearManor Media. ISBN 978-1-59393-565-8.
  18. ^ Bowie, Stephen (May 27, 2014). "The long-running private eye series Mannix was brutal, stylish comfort food". The A.V. Club. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
  19. ^ "How Johnny Carson indirectly caused the death of 'Mannix'". MeTV. October 5, 2017. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
  20. ^ a b c d e Pedersen, Erik (January 26, 2017). "Mike Connors Dies: 'Mannix' Star Was 91". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
  21. ^ Whitehorn, Alan (2015). The Armenian Genocide: The Essential Reference Guide. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO. p. 45. ISBN 978-1-61069-687-6.
  22. ^ a b Weaver 2003, p. 20.
  23. ^ Scott, Vernon (March 30, 1976). "Armenian Part Just The Thing For Mike". The Desert Sun. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
  24. ^ Canby, Vincent (October 19, 1979). "Film: 'Avalanche Express':Snow Job". The New York Times. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
  25. ^ Weaver 2003, p. 34.
  26. ^ a b Hamilton, Anita (January 27, 2017). "Celebrating Seniors - Mike Connors Turns 90". 50 Plus World. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
  27. ^ Anderson, Troy (December 17, 2008). "MANNIX: THE SECOND SEASON". AndersonVision. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
  28. ^ "Mike Connors, l'interprète de Mannix est mort à l'âge de 91 ans". La Dépêche du Midi (in French). January 27, 2017. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
  29. ^ "Cinq infos insolites que vous ignorez (peut-être) sur Charles Aznavour". Le Dauphiné libéré (in French). October 1, 2018. Retrieved October 1, 2018.
  30. ^ "Charles Aznavour : des amis, beaucoup d'amour et une très grande famille". Le Figaro (in French). October 2, 2018. Retrieved October 2, 2018.
  31. ^ Weaver 2003, p. 35.
  32. ^ "GOP Convention, Day 1, Session 2". AP Archive. July 14, 1980. Retrieved January 27, 2017.
  33. ^ Gizzi, John (January 28, 2017). "TV's 'Mannix,' Mike Connors Was Active Republican Campaigner". Newsmax. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
  34. ^ Saperstein, Pat (January 26, 2017). "Mike Connors, 'Mannix' Star, Dies at 91". Variety. ISSN 0042-2738. Retrieved January 27, 2017.
  35. ^ "The Cover-Up". Classic TV Archives. Retrieved October 21, 2016.
  36. ^ Brooks, Tim; Marsh, Earle F. (2009). The Complete Directory to Prime Time Network and Cable TV Shows, 1946–Present. New York: Random House. p. 1394. ISBN 978-0-307-48320-1.
  37. ^ "Earthlings (ABC unsold pilot)". TV Archives : Unsold Pilots. Summer 1984. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)

Further reading

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