Resident Commissioner of the Philippines
Resident Commissioner of the Philippines | |
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Inaugural holder | Benito Legarda Pablo Ocampo |
Formation | November 22, 1907 |
Final holder | Carlos P. Romulo |
Abolished | July 4, 1946 |
The Resident Commissioner of the Philippines was a non-voting member of the United States House of Representatives sent by the Philippines from 1907 until its internationally recognized independence in 1946. It was similar to current non-voting members of Congress such as the Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico and delegates from Washington, D.C., Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands and other United States territories.
Like current non-voting members, Resident Commissioners could speak and otherwise participate in the business of the House, but did not have full voting rights. Two were sent until 1937 when after the establishment of the Commonwealth of the Philippines, the number was changed to one.[1]
History
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/J.M._Elizalde%2C_Sergio_Osmena%2C_John_W._Hausermann.jpg/220px-J.M._Elizalde%2C_Sergio_Osmena%2C_John_W._Hausermann.jpg)
The Philippines was a United States territory from 13 August 1898 until Philippine independence was internationally recognized on 4 July 1946.
The office was first created by the Philippine Organic Act (1902) section 8 and re-authorized on its subsequent replacements—the Jones Law of 1916 (known as the Philippine Autonomy Act) section 20, and the Tydings–McDuffie Act of 1934 (known as the Philippine Independence Act) section 7(5).
The procedures for appointment of the Resident Commissioners were ambiguous and a source of friction.[2] Under the Insular Government, they were appointed by the American government-appointed Philippine Commission with agreement of the fully elected, fully Filipino Philippine Assembly. This conflict ended when the Tydings-McDuffle Act dissolved the Commission and replaced it with the Philippine Senate, the upper house of the new Philippine Commonwealth legislature.
Resident commissioners
See also
- List of Asian Americans in the United States Congress
- List of Hispanic and Latino Americans in the United States Congress
- Resident Commissioner
References
- ^ Dorothy B. Fujita-Rony (2003). American Workers, Colonial Power. University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-23095-7.
- ^ Kramer, Paul Alexander (2006). The Blood of Government: Race, Empire, the United States, & the Philippines. University of North Carolina Press. p. 325. ISBN 9780807856536.
- 1917 establishments in the Philippines
- 1917 establishments in the United States
- 1947 disestablishments in the Philippines
- 1947 disestablishments in the United States
- Constituencies established in 1917
- Constituencies disestablished in 1947
- Members of the United States Congress of Filipino descent
- Political office-holders in the Philippines
- Resident Commissioners of the Philippines