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Political elections for public offices in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Direct elections in the Democratic Republic of the Congo occur for the Presidency , National Assembly (lower house of the legislature), and provincial assemblies. The Senate , the upper house of the legislature, is elected indirectly by members of the provincial assemblies.
The 1960 elections , held just before independence , saw Patrice Lumumba become prime minister and Joseph Kasavubu president. In 1965 Mobutu Sese Seko seized power and declared himself president amid the Congo Crisis . He was formally formally elected to a seven-year term in 1970. Establishing the single-party Republic of Zaire , his presidency was renewed by show elections in 1977 and 1984 while legislative elections were abolished altogether by 1975 . Mobutu ruled until 1997 when Laurent Kabila seized power after the First Congo War . When Laurent Kabila was killed in 2001, his son Joseph Kabila took over the presidency while the country was going through the Second Congo War (1998–2003). The Second Congo War was officially declared over in 2003. The period that followed was relatively peaceful, with the United Nations ' largest peacekeeping force maintaining the peace. However, the Ituri Conflict marred the peace, with periods of violence in the northeastern Ituri Province .
In December 2005 a referendum on a new constitution was held. It was approved, paving way for the first multiparty elections in 46 years.
The first multi-party elections in the country since 1960 took place in July 2006 . Kabila was elected president and was reelected in 2011 . His constitutionally-mandated term ended in 2016, but the government put off a new election, citing logistical problems and the ongoing conflict in the eastern DRC . The long delayed general election finally took place on 30 December 2018 , which resulted in a surprise victory for Félix Tshisekedi , although this was questioned by election observers and led to accusations of voter fraud by another opposition candidate, Martin Fayulu . The Constitutional Court of the DRC dismissed Fayulu's challenge of the result, confirming Tshisekedi as the winner. Joseph Kabila stepped down in January 2019, with Tshisekedi being inaugurated as the 5th President of the DRC on January 24. This was the first democratic transition of power in the country since it gained independence in 1960.
Latest elections
2018 presidential election
Candidate
Party
Votes
%
Félix Tshisekedi
Union for Democracy and Social Progress
7,051,013
38.57
Martin Fayulu
Dynamic of Congolese Political Opposition
6,366,732
34.83
Emmanuel Ramazani Shadary
Independent
4,357,359
23.84
Jean-Philibert Mabaya Gizi Amine
Rainbow of Congo
Marie-Josée Ifoku
Alliance of Elites for a New Congo
Radjabho Tebabho Soborabo
Congolese United for Reform
Pierre Honoré Kazadi Lukonda Ngube-Ngube
People's Front for Justice
Seth Kikuni
Independent
Tryphon Kin-Kiey Mulumba
Independent
Charles Luntadila
Independent
Sylvain Maurice Masheke
Independent
Joseph Maluta
Independent
Francis Mvemba
Independent
Theodore Ngoy Ilunga wa Nsenga
Independent
Alain Daniel Shekomba
Independent
Noel K Tshiani Muadiamvita
Independent
Gabriel Mokia Mandembo
Movement of Congolese Democrats
Yves Mpunga
Premier Political Force
Samy Badibanga
The Progressives
Invalid/blank voted
–
Total
18,329,318
Registered voters/turnout
47.56
Source: Jeune Afrique [ 1]
2018 parliamentary election
Party or alliance
Votes
%
Seats
+/–
FPTP
PR
Total
People's Party for Reconstruction and Democracy (PPRD)
52
56
108
46
Alliance of Democratic Forces of Congo and Allies (AFDC-A)
41
68
109
94
Union for Democracy and Social Progress -Tshisekedi (UDPS/Tshisekedi)
32
43
75
52
Alternative Action for Well-being and Change (AAB)
32
43
75
75
People's Party for Peace and Democracy (PPPD)
21
46
67
54
Social Movement (MS)
23
25
48
48
Alliance of Actors for Good Governance of Congo (AABC)
22
24
46
46
Movement for the Liberation of the Congo (MLC)
22
23
45
45
Alliance of Democrats for Renewal and Progress (ADRP)
21
24
45
45
Alliance of Movements of Kongo (AMK)
21
20
41
41
Group of 7 (G7)
10
26
36
36
Action of allies to improve living conditions for the Congolese (AAAC)
10
26
36
36
Alliance for Building an Emerging Congo (ABCE)
11
23
34
34
Future of Congo (ACO)
12
20
32
32
Rally for the Reconstruction of Congo (RRC)
11
23
34
23
CCU Political Alliance and Allies (ALLIANCE)
8
15
23
23
Alliance for Democratic Alternative (AAD)
7
15
22
22
Christian Democrat Party (PDC)
11
11
22
22
Congolese Party for Development (PCD)
11
11
22
22
Unified Lumumbist Party and allies (PALU-A)
17
20
37
20
Union for the Congolese Nation (UNC)
14
3
Dynamic of the Opposition (DO)
Social Movement for Renewal (MSR)
Together for Change (EPC)
Our Congo (CNB)
Rally for Congolese Democracy (RCD)
Other
-
Independents
Postponed
1
14
15
-
Common Front for the Congo (PPRD-PPPD-AFDC-AAB-others)
337
Lamuka Coalition (DO-MLC-EPC-PALU-CNB-MSR)
94
Direction for Change Coalition (UDPS/Tshisekedi-UNC)
46
12
Invalid/blank votes
168,136
–
–
–
–
–
Total
18,329,318
100
60
440
500
0
Registered voters/turnout
38,542,138
47.56
–
–
–
–
Source: Digital Congo
2018 provincial elections
Provincial assembly election results, 2018[ 2]
Party
Votes
%
Seats
+/-
FPTP
PR
Total
Alliance of Democratic Forces of Congo and Allies (AFDC-A)
68
People's Party for Reconstruction and Democracy (PPRD)
56
People's Party for Peace and Democracy (PPPD)
46
Alternative Action for Well-being and Change (AAB)
45
Union for Democracy and Social Progress -Tshisekedi (UDPS-Tshisekedi)
43
Action of allies to improve living conditions for the Congolese (AAAC)
26
Group of Seven (G7)
26
Social Movement (MS)
25
Alliance of Actors for Good Governance of Congo (AABC)
24
Alliance of Democrats for Renewal and Progress (ADRP)
24
Alliance for Building an Emerging Congo (ABCE)
23
Movement for the Liberation of the Congo (MLC)
22
Rally for the Reconstruction of Congo (RRC)
22
Alliance of Movements of Kongo (AMK)
21
Unified Lumumbist Party and Allies (PALU-A)
20
Future of Congo (ACO)
20
CCU Political Alliance and Allies (ALLIANCE)
15
Alliance for Democratic Alternative (AAD)
15
Congolese Party for Development (PCD)
11
Other
-
Independents
Votes cast
Blank or invalid votes
Total
100
715
65
780
90
Abstentions
Turnout
40,024,897
2019 Senate election
Composition of the Senate from March 2019[ 3]
Party
Seats
+/-
Common Front for the Congo
99
Lamuka Coalition
6
13
Coalition for Change
3
3
Senator for life
1
New
Total
109
1
See also
External links
transition; Last update August 1, 2006
References
Sovereign states States with limited recognition
Dependencies and other territories