Haplogroup HIJK

Haplogroup HIJK
Haplogroup HIJK
Possible time of origin	approx. 49,000-59,000 BP+ BCE; (i.e. similar to estimates for Haplogroups GHIJK, H and IJK)
Possible place of origin	Unknown, Asia
Ancestor	Haplogroup GHIJK
Descendants	H, IJK
Defining mutations	F929/M578/PF3494/S6397

Haplogroup HIJK, defined by the SNPs F929, M578, PF3494 and S6397,^[2] is a common Y-chromosome haplogroup. Like its parent macrohaplogroup GHIJK, Haplogroup HIJK and its subclades comprise the vast majority of the world's male population.

HIJK branches subsequently into two direct descendants: IJK (L15/M523/PF3492/S137) and H (L901/M2939). IJK in turn splits into IJ (F-L15) and K (M9). The descendants of Haplogroup IJ are haplogroups I and J, while Haplogroup K is, ultimately, the ancestor of major haplogroups M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, L, and T.

Distribution

The basal paragroup HIJK* has been found in Mesolithic European (Magdalenian), GoyetQ-2, and the basal IJK was found in an Upper Paleolithic European (Gravettian), Vestonice16.^[3]

Populations with high proportions of males who belong to descendant major haplogroups of Haplogroup HIJK live across widely dispersed areas and populations.

South Asia was where Haplogroup H (L901/M2939) almost certainly originated, and became concentrated before the mass migrations of the modern era. South Asia was also where two haplogroups descended ultimately from IJK (L15/M523/PF3492/S137) remained concentrated and/or prominent, namely Haplogroups L and R.

Males belonging to other subclades of IJK are concentrated in, for example:

Europe and Central Asia (e. g. haplogroups I, J, N, Q and R);
the Middle East and North East Africa (e. g. haplogroups J and T);
South Asia (e.g. haplogroups H, J, L and R);
Southeast Asia and East Asia (e.g. haplogroup O, P)
Oceania (e. g. haplogroups P, K, M, O and S) and;
many Native American peoples (e. g. haplogroup Q).

Footnotes

^ "www.nature.com" (PDF).
^ ^a ^b ISOGG, 2015, Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree 2015 (8 September 2015).
^ Fu, Q.; Posth, C.; Hajdinjak, M.; Petr, M.; Mallick, S.; Fernandes, D.; Furtwängler, A.; Haak, W.; Meyer, M.; Mittnik, A.; Nickel, B.; Peltzer, A.; Rohland, N.; Slon, V.; Talamo, S.; Lazaridis, I.; Lipson, M.; Mathieson, I.; Schiffels, S.; Skoglund, P.; Derevianko, A. P.; Drozdov, N.; Slavinsky, V.; Tsybankov, A.; Cremonesi, R. G.; Mallegni, F.; Gély, B.; Vacca, E.; González Morales, M. R.; et al. (2016). "The genetic history of Ice Age Europe". Nature. 534 (7606): 200–205. Bibcode:2016Natur.534..200F. doi:10.1038/nature17993. PMC 4943878. PMID 27135931.

Haplogroup HIJK

Distribution

Footnotes

See also

Genetics

Backbone Tree