Jump to content

2020 South Korean legislative election

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Number 57 (talk | contribs) at 09:28, 7 January 2021 (Reverted edits by 2603:8000:BF01:45C:FD4C:1975:5B27:4B19 (talk) to last version by Glide08). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

2020 South Korean legislative election
← 2016 15 April 2020 2024 →
All 300 seats in the National Assembly
151 seats needed for a majority
Turnout66.2% (Increase 8.2 pp)
  First party Second party Third party
 
Leader Lee Hae-chan Hwang Kyo-ahn Sim Sang-jung
Party Democratic
(with Platform) 		United Future
(with Future Korea) 		Justice
Leader since 25 August 2018 17 February 2020 13 July 2019
Leader's seat Sejong (not standing) Jongno (defeated) Gyeonggi Goyang A
Last election 123 seats 122 seats
(as Saenuri) 		6 seats
Seats won 180 103 6
Seat change Increase 57 Decrease 19 Steady
Constituency vote 14,345,425 11,915,277 487,519
% and swing 49.9% Increase12.9% pp 41.4% Increase3.1 pp 1.7% Increase0.1 pp
Party vote 9,307,112 9,441,520 2,697,956
% and swing 33.4% Increase7.9% pp 33.8% Increase0.3 pp 9.7% Increase2.5 pp
  Fourth party Fifth party
 
ODP
Leader Ahn Cheol-soo Lee Keun-shik
Party People Party (South Korea) Open Democratic
Leader since 23 February 2020 8 March 2020
Leader's seat (Not standing) (Not standing)
Last election – –
Seats won 3 3
Seat change New New
Constituency vote – –
% and swing – –
Party vote 1,896,719 1,512,763
% and swing 6.8% 5.4%
Speaker before election

Moon Hee-sang
Democratic

Elected Speaker

Park Byeong-seug
Democratic

This article is part of a series on
Politics of South Korea
Government
Legislature
Executive
Judiciary
Elections
Political parties
Korean conflict
flag South Korea portal

South Korea's 21st legislative elections were held on 15 April 2020. All 300 members of the National Assembly were elected, 253 from first-past-the-post constituencies and 47 from proportional party lists. They were the first elections held under a new electoral system.[1] The two largest parties, the liberal Democratic Party and the conservative United Future Party, set up new satellite parties (also known as bloc parties) to take advantage of the revised electoral system. The reforms also lowered the voting age from 19 to 18.

The Democratic Party and its satellite, the Platform Party, won a landslide victory, taking 180 of the 300 seats (60%) between them.[2] The Democratic Party alone won 163 seats — the highest number by any party since 1960. This guarantees the ruling liberal alliance an absolute majority in the legislative chamber, and the three-fifths super-majority required to fast-track its procedures. The conservative alliance between the United Future Party and its satellite Future Korea Party won only 103 seats, the worst conservative result since 1960.

Electoral system

See also: Elections in South Korea

Previous system

300 members of the National Assembly were elected in the 2016 elections, of whom 253 (84%) were elected from single-member constituencies on a first-past-the-post basis, and 47 (16%) from closed party lists through proportional representation (PR) by the Hare quota largest remainder method.[3] To win seats through proportional representation, parties needed to pass an election threshold of either 5 single-member districts or 3% of the total list vote.[4]

Electoral reform process

An election reform bill was introduced in February 2019, which would change the allocation of PR seats to a hybrid of the mixed-member proportional (MMP) and mixed member majoritarian systems (also known as the Additional Member System and Parallel Vote, respectively).[5]

The legislative process utilised the 85th Article of the National Assembly law, called the 'Fasttrack' system, which does not require agreement between all parties. This was opposed by the main opposition Liberty Korea Party and Bareunmirae Party member Yoo Seong-min.[6] The decision by Sohn Hak-kyu, leader of the Bareunmirae, to approve the Fasttrack, and his dismissal of his fellow standing committee member Oh Shin-hwan, stirred legal controversy.[7][8] The Prosecution Service declared that Sohn's actions did not merit criminal charges.[9]

The Liberty Korea Party physically disrupted the National Assembly Secretariat in April 2019, to interrupt the Fastrack legal maneuver. The Prosecution Service then opened an investigation into the violence in the National Assembly, and possible violation of the National Assembly law.[10][11][12][13] Several leading members of the LKP were indicted, including leader Hwang Kyo-ahn and then-floor leader Na Kyung-won. The criminal charges included violence and violation of order.[9] Several Democratic Party members were also charged.[14] [needs update]

The bill was passed on 27 December 2019, despite physical obstruction in the Assembly voting area by the Liberty Korea Party.[5]

New system

Allocation of seats in the new electoral system
Red: 253 constituency seats under first-past-the-post
Blue: 30 proportional seats under the compensatory additional member system
Green: 17 proportional seats under the parallel voting system

The National Assembly continues to have 300 seats, with 253 constituency seats and 47 proportional representation seats, as in previous elections. However, 30 of the PR seats were assigned on the new compensatory basis, while 17 PR seats continue to use the old parallel voting method.[5][15] The voting age was also lowered from 19 to 18 years old, expanding the electorate by over half a million voters.[16][17]

In response to the new system, the main opposition Liberty Korea Party set up a satellite party (called the Future Korea Party) to maximise the number of PR seats it would gain.[18] The Democratic Party responded by setting up their own satellite party, the Platform Party. In both cases, the main party stood candidates only in the constituency seats, whilst the satellite party stood only in the PR lists. This meant that the satellite party would receive the maximum number of compensatory seats, regardless of how over-represented the parent parties were in the constituencies. Smaller parties did not set up satellites, because the advantage only appears if the party is over-represented in the constituencies.

Restrictions on candidates

Candidates for the National Assembly were required to pay a fee of 15,000,000 South Korean won (US$14,000 as of December 2017), and under the National Security Act the Constitutional Court may block the registration of "left-wing", "pro–North Korean" parties, though this provision has not affected recent elections.[19]

Date and electorate

The 2020 election for the National Assembly was held on 15 April, in accordance with Article 34 of the Public Official Election Act, which specifies that Election Day for legislative elections is on "the first Wednesday from the 50th day before the expiration of the National Assembly members term of office".[20] Eligible voters were required to be registered and at least 18 years old on the day of the election,[19] and to show an approved form of identification at the polling place. Polls on Election Day were open from 6 a.m. to 6 p.m. Korea Standard Time.[21]

Since 2009, voters have been entitled to vote from overseas.[19] However, due to COVID-19 quarantine measures, voting from over 50 foreign countries was restricted or cancelled.[22] Voters could also cast early votes at any polling stations in Korea without prior notice.[23]

Parties and candidates

See also: List of political parties in South Korea

Both major parties split to take advantage of the new electoral system, with the main party only running in the constituencies, and the satellite party only running for the proportional seats.[24] They are listed together in the table below, which is sorted by the number of seats prior to the election.

In the run-up to the election, the Liberty Korea Party absorbed the New Conservative Party and several smaller parties, forming the United Future Party.[25]

Parties Incumbent seats Positioning and ideologies Leader
style="background-color:Template:Democratic Party of Korea/meta/color" | Democratic Party
Platform Party 		120
8 		Center to center-left
Liberalism, Social liberalism 		Lee Hae-chan
style="background-color:Template:United Future Party/meta/color" | United Future Party
Future Korea Party 		92
20 		Right-wing
National conservatism, Economic liberalism, Anti-communism 		Hwang Kyo-ahn
style="background-color:Template:Party for People's Livelihoods/meta/color" | Minsaeng Party 20 Center
Reformism, Liberalism, Social conservatism 		Kim Jung-hwa
Yu Sung-yup
style="background-color:Template:Justice Party (South Korea)/meta/color" | Justice Party 6 Center-left
Social democracy, Progressivism 		Sim Sang-jung
style="background-color:Template:Our Republican Party/meta/color" | Our Republican Party 2 Far-right (New Right)
Right-wing populism, Social conservatism, Ilminism, Pro-Park 		Cho Won-jin
style="background-color:Template:Minjung Party/meta/color" | Minjung Party 1 Left-wing to far-left
Progressivism, Anti-imperialism 		Lee Sang-kyu
Korea Economic Party 1 Right-wing
Conservatism 		Choi Jong-ho
Lee Eun-jae
style="background-color:Template:People Party (South Korea)/meta/color" | People Party 1 Center to center-right
Liberalism, Reformism 		Ahn Cheol-soo
style="background-color:Template:Pro-Park New Party/meta/color" | Pro-Park New Party 1 Right-wing to far-right
National conservatism, Right-wing populism, Anti-communism, Pro-Park 		Hong Moon-jong
style="background-color:Template:Open Democrats/meta/color" | Open Democratic Party 1 Center to center-left
Liberalism, Social liberalism 		Lee Keun-shik

Parties not represented in the 2016 National Assembly but that planned[needs update] to run candidates include:

Opinion polls

Main article: Opinion polling for the 2020 South Korean legislative election

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic

The election was held during the COVID-19 pandemic, which had both practical impacts on the conduct of the poll, and political impacts on voters' choice of parties to support.[26] In February 2020, South Korea had the second-most cases of any country, after China. By election day, South Korea had recorded over 10,000 cases and 200 deaths.[27] The country had introduced one of the world's most comprehensive programmes of COVID-19 testing, contact tracing and quarantine of suspected cases.[28] As a result, the case fatality rate in South Korea was 1.95%, lower than the global average of 4.34%,[29] and the country avoided widespread lockdowns that were implemented elsewhere. Electoral officials declined to postpone the election; South Korea has never postponed any election, even the 1952 election which was held during the Korean War.[17]

Special arrangements were required to ensure social distancing during the election and prevent further infection. Voters were required to wear face masks and stay at least 1 metre (3 ft) apart when queueing or casting their votes.[26][27] Before entering the polling station, each voter was checked for fever using a thermometer, required to use hand sanitiser, and issued with disposable plastic gloves. Any voter with a body temperature greater than 37.5 °C (99.5 °F) was taken to a segregated polling booth, which was disinfected after each use.[26][17] The thousands of voters who had been placed in self isolation due to potential infections were allowed to vote, but only after the polling stations had been closed to all other voters, and provided they were asymptomatic.[27][26] About 26% of votes were cast in advance, either by post or in special quarantine polling stations which operated on 10 & 11 April.[17]

Before the outbreak of the pandemic, the Democratic Party had been expected to struggle in the election: opinion polls in 2019 had predicted it would win 37-41% of the constituency votes. The government's response to the outbreak was praised by the World Health Organization and received widespread support in South Korea. The President of South Korea, Moon Jae-in of the Democratic Party, was not up for re-election, but his response to the pandemic was popular and benefited his party in the legislative election.[26]

After the election people were concerned over new normal of COVID restrictions that government called "everyday quarantine".[30]

Results

The Democratic Party won 163 constituency seats, while their satellite Platform party won 17 proportional representation seats, giving the alliance a total of 180 seats in the 300-seat assembly, enough to reach the three-fifths super-majority required to fast-track assembly procedures and "do everything but revising the Constitution at the parliament."[31] This was the largest majority for any party since democracy was restored in 1987.[26] The United Future Party and their satellite Future Korea Party won 84 constituency and 19 proportional seats respectively; their total of 103 seats (34.3%) was the worst conservative result since the 1960 legislative elections. Commentaries have reported this result as a realigning election for South Korea.[32][33]

A constituency of Gangnam District in Seoul was won by United Future Party candidate Thae Ku-min, an ex-North Korean diplomat formerly known as Thae Yong-ho. While the seat was considered a safe conservative seat, it nevertheless marks the first time in history a North Korean defector had won a constituency seat in the assembly.[34][35][36] United Future Party Hwang Kyo-ahn, who served as prime minister from 2015 to 2017 and acting president during Park Geun-hye's suspension from 2016 to 2017, was defeated by the Democratic Party candidate Lee Nak-yeon, who served as prime minister from 2017 to 2020.[2]

Voter turnout was 66.2%, the highest level since 1992, despite the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.[26]

In addition to the voter turnout, the number of women elected also reached its highest number, 59 composing 19% of the whole assembly.[37]

Moreover, the number of people serving as the parliamentarian for the first time composed more than half of the whole assembly - the first to do so in 16 years.[38] Also, there is no seven-term parliamentarian and only one six-term parliamentarian who assumed the Speaker of the National Assembly.[39] Number of parliamentarians elected who served more than 3 terms also significantly reduced from 51 in the previous election to 33.[38]

Following the elections, the newly formed proportional parties Platform Party and Future Korea Party started the process of being absorbed into The Democratic Party of Korea and the United Future Party respectively. There were calls to revise the new electoral law prior to integration, which the reverse effect from its intent of increasing small party representation as more seats were won by the big parties.[40]

Party Constituency Proportional Total
seats 		+/–
Votes % Seats Votes % M C Total
bgcolor=Template:Democratic Party of Korea/meta/color| Democratic Party / Platform Party 14,345,425 49.91 163 9,307,112 33.36 6 11 17 180 +57
bgcolor=Template:United Future Party/meta/color| United Future Party / Future Korea Party 11,915,277 41.45 84 9,441,520 33.84 7 12 19 103 –19
bgcolor=Template:Justice Party (South Korea)/meta/color| Justice Party 487,519 1.69 1 2,697,956 9.67 2 3 5 6 0
bgcolor=Template:People Party (South Korea)/meta/color| People Party – – – 1,896,719 6.80 1 2 3 3 New
bgcolor=Template:Open Democrats/meta/color| Open Democratic Party – – – 1,512,763 5.42 1 2 3 3 New
bgcolor=Template:Party for People's Livelihoods/meta/color| Minsaeng Party 415,473 1.44 0 758,778 2.72 0 0 0 0 –38
Christian Liberty Unification Party 7,663 0.02 0 513,159 1.84 0 0 0 0 0
bgcolor=Template:Minjung Party/meta/color| Minjung Party 172,239 0.59 0 295,612 1.06 0 0 0 0 –1
bgcolor=Template:Our Republican Party/meta/color| Our Republican Party 47,603 0.16 0 208,719 0.75 0 0 0 0 New
Women's Party – – – 208,697 0.75 0 0 0 0 New
National Revolutionary Dividends Party 208,324 0.72 0 200,657 0.72 0 0 0 0 New
bgcolor=Template:Pro-Park New Party/meta/color| Pro-Park New Party 1,884 0.00 0 142,747 0.51 0 0 0 0 New
Dawn of Liberty – – – 101,819 0.36 0 0 0 0 New
bgcolor=Template:Saenuri Party (2017)/meta/color| Saenuri Party 269 0.00 0 80,208 0.29 0 0 0 0 0
Future Party 1,574 0.00 0 71,423 0.26 0 0 0 0 New
Future Democratic Party – – – 71,297 0.26 0 0 0 0 New
bgcolor=Template:Green Party Korea/meta/color| Green Party Korea – – – 58,948 0.21 0 0 0 0 0
Korea Economic Party – – – 48,807 0.17 0 0 0 0 0
bgcolor=Template:Labor Party (South Korea)/meta/color| Labor Party 15,752 0.05 0 34,272 0.12 0 0 0 0 0
Let's Go! Korea – – – 34,012 0.12 0 0 0 0 0
Hongik Party – – – 22,583 0.08 0 0 0 0 0
Liberty Party – – – 20,599 0.07 0 0 0 0 New
Small and Medium-sized Self-employed Peoples' Party – – – 19,444 0.07 0 0 0 0 0
Republic of Korea Party – – – 19,246 0.07 0 0 0 0 New
Korean Welfare Party 625 0.00 0 19,159 0.07 0 0 0 0 0
United Democratic Party 512 0.00 0 17,405 0.06 0 0 0 0 0
New People's Participation Party – – – 15,998 0.06 0 0 0 0 New
Awakened Citizens' Solidarity Party – – – 14,242 0.05 0 0 0 0 New
National New Political Party 65 0.00 0 12,376 0.04 0 0 0 0 0
Let's Go! Environmental Party – – – 11,040 0.04 0 0 0 0 New
Future of Chungcheong Province Party 1,148 0.00 0 10,841 0.04 0 0 0 0 0
Inter-Korean Unification Party – – – 10,833 0.04 0 0 0 0 New
Let's Go! Peace and Human Rights Party – – – 9,245 0.03 0 0 0 0 0
Our Party – – – 6,773 0.02 0 0 0 0 New
Greater Korea Party – – – 4,855 0.02 0 0 0 0 0
Basic Income Party 4,658 0.02 0 – – – – – 0
Grand National Party 1,228 0.00 0 – – – – – 0
People's Democratic Party 63 0.00 0 – – – – – 0
Republican Party 57 0.00 0 – – – – – 0
Independents 1,124,167 3.91 5 – – – – – 5 –6
Invalid/blank votes 380,059 – – 1,226,532 – – – – – –
Total 29,127,637 100 253 29,126,396 100 17 30 47 300 0
Registered voters/turnout 43,994,247 66.21 – 43,994,247 66.21 – – – – –
Source: NEC, NEC, Naver

Results by city/province

Constituency and party list results by city/provinces
Region United Future Democratic Justice People Open Democratic Other Ind. Total
seats
Seats Vote % Seats Vote % Seats Vote % Seats Vote % Seats Vote % Seats Vote % Seats
colspan="2" style="background:Template:United Future Party/meta/color;"| colspan="2" style="background:Template:Democratic Party of Korea/meta/color;"| colspan="2" style="background:Template:Justice Party (South Korea)/meta/color"| colspan="2" style="background:Template:People Party (South Korea)/meta/color;"| colspan="2" style="background:Template:Open Democrats/meta/color;"|
Seoul 8 33.1% 41 33.2% 0 9.7% 0 8.3% 0 5.9% 0 9.8% 0 49
Busan 15 43.8% 3 28.4% 0 7.4% 0 6.2% 0 4.6% 0 9.6% 0 18
Daegu 11 54.8% 0 16.2% 0 6.4% 0 8.7% 0 3.0% 0 10.9% 1 12
Incheon 1 31.3% 11 34.6% 0 11.8% 0 6.7% 0 5.2% 0 8.1% 1 13
Gwangju 0 3.2% 8 61.0% 0 9.8% 0 4.9% 0 8.2% 0 12.9% 0 8
Daejeon 0 32.3% 7 33.7% 0 9.8% 0 7.9% 0 5.5% 0 10.8% 0 7
Ulsan 5 39.6% 1 26.8% 0 10.3% 0 6.2% 0 4.4% 0 12.7% 0 6
Sejong 0 25.6% 2 36.5% 0 12.3% 0 9.2% 0 7.3% 0 9.1% 0 2
Gyeonggi 7 31.4% 51 34.7% 1 10.4% 0 7.3% 0 5.9% 0 7.0% 0 59
Gangwon 4 39.1% 3 28.9% 0 9.7% 0 5.8% 0 4.6% 0 11.9% 1 8
North Chungcheong 3 36.3% 5 30.9% 0 10.4% 0 6.2% 0 4.6% 0 11.7% 0 8
South Chungcheong 5 35.4% 6 31.2% 0 9.7% 0 6.4% 0 4.6% 0 11.6% 0 11
North Jeolla 0 5.7% 9 56.0% 0 12.0% 0 4.1% 0 9.0% 0 12.6% 1 10
South Jeolla 0 4.2% 10 60.3% 0 9.6% 0 3.9% 0 7.0% 0 11.8% 0 10
North Gyeongsang 13 56.8% 0 16.1% 0 6.5% 0 5.6% 0 2.9% 0 12.1% 0 13
South Gyeongsang 12 44.6% 3 25.6% 0 9.4% 0 5.4% 0 4.1% 0 10.9% 1 16
Jeju 0 28.2% 3 35.6% 0 12.9% 0 5.9% 0 6.3% 0 11.1% 0 3
Constituency total 84 163 1 0 0 0 5 253
PR list 19 33.8% 17 33.4% 5 9.7% 3 6.8% 3 5.4% 0 10.9% — 47
Overall total 103 180 6 3 3 0 5 300

See also

References

  1. ^ "지방선거 득실 계산… 민주당-한국당, 접점없는 '개헌' 대치". The Dong-a Ilbo (in Korean). Naver. Retrieved 25 December 2017.
  2. ^ a b "South Korea's governing party wins election by a landslide". Al Jazeera. 16 April 2020. Archived from the original on 16 April 2020. Retrieved 19 April 2020.
  3. ^ Article 189, subsection (3), Public Official Election Act, "Legislation & Judicial Decision". Republic of Korea National Election Commission. Retrieved 9 April 2016.
  4. ^ "Election Districts and Representation System". Republic of Korea National Election Commission. Archived from the original on 21 April 2016. Retrieved 12 April 2016.
  5. ^ a b c "National Assembly passes electoral reform bill". The Korea Herald. 27 December 2019. Archived from the original on 27 December 2019. Retrieved 27 December 2019.
  6. ^ "유승민 "여야 합의 없는 선거법 개정은 다수의 횡포"". hankyung.com (in Korean). 29 April 2019. Archived from the original on 1 January 2020. Retrieved 1 January 2020.
  7. ^ "오신환 사보임 가능? 불가능?…'국회법 48조' 여야 상반된 해석". hankyung.com (in Korean). 24 April 2019. Archived from the original on 1 January 2020. Retrieved 1 January 2020.
  8. ^ "오신환 사보임 가능할까… 국회법 48조 엇갈린 해석". 한국일보 (in Korean). 24 April 2019. Archived from the original on 1 January 2020. Retrieved 1 January 2020.
  9. ^ a b "검찰 '패스트트랙 동물국회' 황교안·나경원 불구속 기소(상보)". m.mt.co.kr (in Korean). 2 January 2020. Retrieved 2 January 2020.
  10. ^ "패스트트랙 극한충돌, '육탄전' 이어 '고소고발전'으로 비화". 연합뉴스 (in Korean). 26 April 2019. Archived from the original on 1 January 2020. Retrieved 1 January 2020.
  11. ^ Kim, Bo-gyung (29 April 2019). "[KH Explains] What is behind political impasse, violence at National Assembly?". The Korean Herald. Archived from the original on 18 December 2019. Retrieved 19 December 2019.
  12. ^ "검찰, 패스트트랙 직접 수사…수사대상 의원 109명". The Dong-a Ilbo (in Korean). 9 September 2019. Archived from the original on 1 January 2020. Retrieved 1 January 2020.
  13. ^ "[KH Explains] What is behind political impasse, violence at National Assembly?". The Korea Herald. 29 April 2019. Archived from the original on 18 December 2019. Retrieved 1 January 2020.
  14. ^ Jake Kwon; Julia Hollingsworth. "Former South Korean PM among 29 politicians charged over brawl". CNN. Archived from the original on 4 January 2020. Retrieved 22 April 2020.
  15. ^ 김광태 (23 December 2019). "(2nd LD) Opposition party launches filibuster against electoral reform bill". Yonhap News Agency. Archived from the original on 3 January 2020. Retrieved 3 January 2020.
  16. ^ "18-year-olds Hit the Polls for First Time in S. Korea". Korea Bizwire. 15 April 2020. Archived from the original on 19 April 2020. Retrieved 19 April 2020.
  17. ^ a b c d "Virus response gives S Korea party landslide win". BBC News. 16 April 2020. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 19 April 2020.
  18. ^ 김수연 (24 December 2019). "Main opposition to set up satellite party for more proportional representation seats". Yonhap News Agency. Archived from the original on 27 December 2019. Retrieved 27 December 2019.
  19. ^ a b c "South Korea". Sustainable Governance Indicators. Archived from the original on 14 April 2016. Retrieved 9 April 2016.
  20. ^ Article 34, Public Official Election Act, "Legislation & Judicial Decision". Republic of Korea National Election Commission. Archived from the original on 23 July 2015. Retrieved 9 April 2016.
  21. ^ "National Assembly elections: April 13, 2016". Republic of Korea National Election Commission. Archived from the original on 21 April 2016. Retrieved 12 April 2016.
  22. ^ "오늘 中·日 등 재외투표 시작… 美·英·獨 빠진 반쪽짜리". news.chosun.com (in Korean). 1 April 2020. Archived from the original on 4 April 2020. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  23. ^ Lee, Rachel (8 April 2016). "Early voting begins for general election". The Korea Times. Archived from the original on 8 April 2016. Retrieved 9 April 2016.
  24. ^ "창당선언문". 2 March 2020. Archived from the original on 15 March 2020. Retrieved 17 March 2020.
  25. ^ "'의석 113석' 미래통합당 출범…오늘 의원총회서 상견례". 18 February 2020. Archived from the original on 18 February 2020. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
  26. ^ a b c d e f g McCurry, Justin (16 April 2020). "South Korea's ruling party wins election landslide amid coronavirus outbreak". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 19 April 2020. Retrieved 19 April 2020.
  27. ^ a b c Chesire, Tom (15 April 2020). "Coronavirus: South Korea holds parliamentary elections despite COVID-19 pandemic". Sky News. Archived from the original on 19 April 2020. Retrieved 19 April 2020.
  28. ^ Normile, Dennis (17 March 2020). "Coronavirus cases have dropped sharply in South Korea. What's the secret to its success?". Science. doi:10.1126/science.abb7566. S2CID 216427938. Archived from the original on 20 March 2020. Retrieved 20 March 2020.
  29. ^ "COVID-19 Realtime Dashboard". COVID-19 Realtime Dashboard. Archived from the original on 24 March 2020. Retrieved 24 March 2020.
  30. ^ Moon, Grace (27 April 2020). "South Korea is beating coronavirus but anxiety grows over 'new normal'". NBC News. Archived from the original on 29 April 2020. Retrieved 5 May 2020.
  31. ^ "'180석' 거대 여당 탄생…'개헌' 빼고 다 된다". KBS 뉴스 (in Korean). Retrieved 30 July 2020.
  32. ^ "[Robert J. Fouser] South Korea's political realignment". The Korea Herald. 23 April 2020. Archived from the original on 3 May 2020. Retrieved 7 May 2020.
  33. ^ "South Korea Is a Liberal Country Now". Foreign Policy. 16 April 2020. Archived from the original on 28 April 2020. Retrieved 7 May 2020.
  34. ^ "N Korean defector wins seat in South Korea". BBC News. 16 April 2020. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 5 May 2020.
  35. ^ Chan, Melissa. "The Future of Korean Politics Might Be This Defector From Pyongyang". Foreign Policy. Archived from the original on 2 May 2020. Retrieved 5 May 2020.
  36. ^ Herskovitz, Jon (16 April 2020). "North Korean Defector Wins Election in Posh South Korea District". Bloomberg News. Archived from the original on 23 April 2020. Retrieved 19 April 2020.
  37. ^ "여성의원 57명 역대 '최다 당선'...여전히 OECD 최하위권". BBC News 코리아 (in Korean). Retrieved 30 July 2020.
  38. ^ a b "초선의원 16년만에 절반 넘어". 매일경제 (in Korean). Retrieved 30 July 2020.
  39. ^ "21대 전반기 국회의장은 누구… 6선으로 민주당 최다선 된 박병석 근접". 한국일보 (in Korean). 16 April 2020. Retrieved 30 July 2020.
  40. ^ "Election law should be revised before integration with proportional parties". www.donga.com. Archived from the original on 2 May 2020. Retrieved 3 May 2020.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2020_South_Korean_legislative_election&oldid=998854682"