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Cartoon pornography

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Japanese adult cartoons hentai are one of the most popular forms of cartoon pornography

Cartoon pornography is the portrayal of illustrated or animated fictional cartoon characters in erotic or sexual situations. Cartoon pornography includes, but is not limited to, hentai, adult comix, and rule 34 of famous copyrighted characters.

Non-parody artists

Artists who draw pre-existing characters do not generally have any special notability among the cartoon pornography community; in contrast, some of the artists who draw their own characters, such as Bill Ward,[citation needed] Kevin J. Taylor,[1][2] or John Willie,[citation needed] have gained a cult fan base.

The legal status of cartoon pornography varies from country to country. In addition to the normal legal status of pornography, much cartoon pornography depicts potentially minor [that is, underage] characters engaging in sexual acts. One of the primary reasons for this may be due to the many cartoons featuring major characters who are not adults. Cartoon pornography does not always have depictions of minors in sexual acts or situations, but that which does may fall under the jurisdiction laws concerning child pornography. Drawings of pre-existing characters can in theory be in violation of copyright law no matter the situation the characters are shown in.

The United States

In the United States, cartoon porn that does not contain depictions of minors generally falls under the category of speech protected by the First Amendment. For more information on general legality of pornography, see Pornography in the United States. Even in the case of depiction of minors, the US Supreme Court has held that in certain conditions, banning the depiction may violate freedom of expression.

Cartoon pornography depicting minors

Main article: Legal status of cartoon pornography depicting minors § United_States

As of the PROTECT Act of 2003, the legal status of cartoon pornography with minors has been more thoroughly addressed and refined than it was before under the previous law of the United States. The new act made any realistic appearing computer generated depiction that is indistinguishable from a depiction of an actual minor in sexual situations or engaging in sexual acts illegal under 18 U.S.C. § 2252A. Drawings, cartoons, sculptures, and paintings of minors in sexual situations that do not pass the Miller test were made illegal under 18 U.S.C. § 1466A thus creating a loop hole around the Ashcroft v. Free Speech Coalition decision.

Obscenity

In October 2008, the Comic Book Legal Defense Fund became involved in a case defending an Iowan comic collector.[3] This is related to obscenity charges involving pornography depicting minors, being applied to a fictional comic book. Judge Gritzner was petitioned to drop some of the charges.[4] The motion was initially heard on June 24, 2008[5] but was not widely publicized prior to the Fund's involvement. Handley eventually plead guilty to charges of possessing "obscene visual representations of the sexual abuse of children" and was sentenced to six months in jail.[6]

In October 2010, a 33 year old Idaho man entered into a plea agreement concerning images of child characters from the American animated television show, The Simpsons engaged in sexual acts.[7][8]

Canada

Cartoon pornography is illegal in Canada if it depicts a person under the age of 18, including fictional ones.[9]

Australia

A recent court case in Australia has found a man possessing cartoon pornography involving the characters Bart, Lisa and Marge from The Simpsons guilty after the images were described as Child Pornography. According to the judge of the court case, the "purpose of anti-child pornography legislation was to stop sexual exploitation and child abuse where images of "real" children were depicted" and that the images "fuel demand for material that does involve the abuse of children."[10]

Germany

Virtual child pornography can be punished with up to 5 years in prison in Germany, German prosecutors investigated the video game Second Life because of some people role playing as underage characters with virtual underage avatars.[11]

Netherlands

Cartoon pornography depicting minors is in principle permitted in the Netherlands, if it is clear that the pornography is not depicting real persons. The criterium used is that 'a child should see the difference': if such picture would be so realistic it would be 'real' to a child it is seen as child pornography. The consequence is that pornographic cartoons depicting are permitted, as long as they do not become so realistic that they almost look like a photo. In addition, photos of adults which have been amended to make them look like minors are seen as child pornography.

United Kingdom

See also: Legal status of cartoon pornography depicting minors § United Kingdom

The Coroners and Justice Bill (which came into force on 6 April 2010) criminalises all sexual images of under 18s (including non-realistic depictions), as well as images of adults where the predominant impression conveyed is that the person shown is under 18 despite the fact that some of the physical characteristics shown are not those of a person under 18.[12]

Sweden

See also: Legal status of cartoon pornography depicting minors § Sweden

The Uppsala district court punished a manga translator with a monetary fine and probation for possession of fanart computer images, deemed by the court to be underage.[13][14] This was appealed and taken to the Court of Appeal.[15][16] The Court of Appeal upheld the former verdict, for 39 of the 51 pictures, and the monetary fine was reduced.[17][18][19] It was further appealed to the Supreme court,[20] where they decided that the images where not realistic and could not be mistaken for real children, thus declaring him not guilty.[21]

India

Cartoon pornography is illegal in India. Many such bans had been placed on any such cartoons strips of comics. For instance, a once popular comic strip, Savita Bhabhi was deemed illegal in India. But, the ban was removed after 2009.

Japan

In Japan, pornographic art depicting underage characters (lolicon, shotacon) is legal but remains controversial even within the country. They are commonly found in manga, erotic computer games, and doujinshi.

See also

References

  1. ^ http://www.blacklacestudios.com/bls.html
  2. ^ http://www.nbmpub.com/eurotica/etaylor/taylorhom.html
  3. ^ CBLDF to Serve as Special Consultant in PROTECT Act Manga Case, published by AnimeNewsNetwork on October 9, 2008
  4. ^ Iowa Collector Charged for Allegedly Obscene Manga from AnimeNewsNetwork on October 10, 2008
  5. ^ Court transcript from IASD.USCourts.gov (converted from PDF to HTML by Google)
  6. ^ "Obscene US Manga Collector Jailed 6 Months". Wired Magazine. February 12, 2010. Retrieved February 9, 2011.
  7. ^ "Former teacher pleads guilty to downloading 'Simpsons' porn | Offbeat | KATU.com - Portland News, Sports, Traffic Weather and Breaking News - Portland, Oregon". KATU.com. 2010-10-14. Retrieved 2013-06-19.
  8. ^ "plea agreement.pdf - Google Drive". Docs.google.com. Retrieved 2013-06-19.
  9. ^ "Definition of "Child Pornography"". Criminal Code of Canada. Retrieved 2009-03-12.
  10. ^ Bryant, Nick (December 8, 2008). "Fake Simpsons cartoon 'is porn'". BBC News. Retrieved April 28, 2010.
  11. ^ Johnston, Chris (May 10, 2007). "Brave new world or virtual pedophile paradise? Second Life falls foul of law". The Age. Melbourne.
  12. ^ "Coroners and Justice Bill". Publications.parliament.uk. 2009-01-14. Retrieved 2013-06-19.
  13. ^ "Translator fined over child porn cartoons - The Local". Thelocal.se. Retrieved 2013-06-19.
  14. ^ "Manga Translator Convicted – "Loli Manga is Child Abuse"". Sankaku Complex. 2010-07-26. Retrieved 2013-06-19.
  15. ^ "Hovrätten prövar mangaporr - Uppsala". UNT.se. Retrieved 2013-06-19.
  16. ^ "Hovrätten ska avgöra om manga-serier är porr - Inrikes - Ekot". Sverigesradio.se. 2011-01-14. Retrieved 2013-06-19.
  17. ^ "Sveriges Domstolar - Svea hovrätt har idag meddelat dom i "Manga-målet"". Domstol.se. 2011-01-28. Retrieved 2013-06-19.
  18. ^ "Swedish Translator's Child Pornography Charges Upheld - News". Anime News Network. 2011-01-28. Retrieved 2013-06-19.
  19. ^ "Seriesamlare fälld för barnpornografibrott - Kultur". SVT.se. Retrieved 2013-06-19.
  20. ^ "ABC - 19/6 21:23 | SVT Play". Svtplay.se. Retrieved 2013-06-19.
  21. ^ "Högsta domstolens dom meddelad den 15 juni 2012" (PDF) (in Swedish). Supreme Court of Sweden.
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