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Coast Guard (Russia)

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Coast Guard of the FSB Border Service of Russia
Береговая охрана ПС ФСБ России
Racing stripe since 1993
Racing stripe since 1993
Naval ensign since 2008
Naval ensign since 2008

Pennants for ships and boats since 2008
Agency overview
Formed20 July 2004
Jurisdictional structure
Operations jurisdictionRussia
Specialist jurisdiction
  • Coastal patrol, marine border protection, marine search and rescue.
Operational structure
Agency executive
  • Admiral Gennady Medvedev, Acting Commander of the Coast Guard
Parent agency Federal Security Service
FSB Border Service
Facilities
Boats300 vessels
Notables
People
  • Inokentiy Nalyotov
  • Vyacheslav Serzhanin
Significant operation

The Coast Guard of the FSB Border Service of Russia (Russian: Береговая охрана Пограничной службы ФСБ России, romanized: Beregovaya okhrana Pogranichnoy sluzhby FSB Rossii), previously known as the Maritime Units of the KGB Border Troops (Russian: Морские части Пограничных Войск КГБ СССР), is the coast guard of Russia.

The purpose of the formation of the Coast Guard of the FSB Border Service of Russia is to create a modern comprehensive and multifunctional system for protecting the national interests of Russia in the border area on the border area (sea coast, inland sea waters and the territorial sea), in the exclusive economic zone and on the continental shelf of Russia, taking into account the ongoing changes in political, economic, social life in the country and providing favorable conditions for the implementation of legal economic, fishing and other activities in the maritime border area of Russia.

Currently, the Coast Guard is part of the FSB Border Service of Russia (Russian: Пограничная служба ФСБ России).[1]

History

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Marine Units of the Border Troops of the USSR

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Naval ensign of the Border Troops watercrafts of the Soviet Union, later the Russian Federation until 1993[2]

After the end of the Second World War in 1945, the Marine Units of the Border Troops (MChPV) carried out the protection of the Soviet Union's maritime borders until its collapse. In different periods of 1945–1957's border troops, along with their member MChPV, included in the structure of the various law enforcement agencies of the Soviet Union: the NKVD, MGB, MVD USSR. In 1957, the Marine units of the border troops, along with the rest of the border units, became part of the State Security Committee under the Council of Ministers of the USSR, which in 1978 was transformed into an independent state committee – USSR State Security Committee (KGB of the USSR).

On October 22, 1991, the KGB of the USSR was abolished, on the basis of its former structures, 3 separate departments were created: the Inter-Republican Security Service, the Central Intelligence Service and the Committee for the Protection of the State Border of the USSR. The latter is responsible for the transfer of powers for the protection of the state border, in connection with which the Border Troops (and, accordingly, the Marine units that are part of them) are transferred to his subordination.

On October 28, 1992, by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation[3] No. 1309 Committee for the Protection of the State Border of the USSR was abolished, in accordance with which the Border Troops, together with their Naval Units, were transferred to the subordination of the Ministry of Security of the Russian Federation (MBRF) formed on January 24, 1992.

On June 12, 1992, the Border Troops of the Russian Federation[4] formed as part of the MBRF on the basis of the former Committee for the Protection of the State Border and the troops subordinate to it, while the Maritime Units of the Border Troops of the Russian Federation (MChPV of Russia) are one of their components.

On December 21, 1993, the MBRF was abolished, on its basis the Federal Counterintelligence Service of the Russian Federation was created, while on December 30, 1993, on the basis of the Border Troops and their control bodies, an independent federal executive body was created: the Federal Border Service – Main Command of the Border Troops of the Russian Federation (FPS – Glavkomat).

Maritime Border Forces

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Naval ensign of the Russian Border Guard watercrafts from 1993[2] to 2008

In 1994, as part of the FPS – Glavkomat, the MChPV of Russia was reorganized into the Naval Forces of the Border Troops of the Russian Federation. The command of the naval forces of the Border Troops of the Russian Federation was created – instead of the post of the Deputy Commander of the Border Troops of the Russian Federation for the naval unit, the post of Commander of the naval forces of the Border Troops of the Russian Federation was approved.[5]

December 30, 1994, the FPS – Glavkomat changes its name and is transformed into the Federal Border Service of the Russian Federation (FPS of Russia)[6]

Marine Guard

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Flag of the Marine Guard of the FPS from 1999 to 2003

August 29, 1997, in accordance with the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 950 "On measures to ensure the protection of marine biological resources and state control in this area", on the basis of the Maritime Forces of the Border Troops, as well as the staff and material and technical means of the central office and regional fisheries protection bodies of the Ministry of Agriculture and Food of the Russian Federation (Ministry of Agriculture and Food of Russia), the Marine Guard of the Federal Border Service of the Russian Federation (MOKhR FPS of Russia) is formed as part of the FPS of Russia.[7]

Since this period, the MOKhR FPS of Russia, in addition to the defense of the water boundaries of the State Border of the Russian Federation, has been assigned the task of protecting aquatic biological resources in internal sea waters, as well as in the Caspian and Azov Seas.[8] As part of the Federal Border Guard Service of Russia, a management body of the Maritime Guard is formed – the Department of Maritime Guard[9] Admiral I. I. Naletov is appointed Deputy Director – Head of the Department of Maritime Security of the Federal Border Guard Service of Russia, since 1999 – Vice Admiral V. K. Logvinenko.

On July 1, 2003, the Federal Border Service of the Russian Federation is abolished, and its functions are transferred to the jurisdiction of the Border Service created by the same Decree as part of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation (FSB of Russia). To organize the activities of the newly created structure, the Organizational Department of the FSB Border Service of Russia is formed, within which, on the basis of the former Maritime Department, the Maritime Directorate of the FSB of Russia is organized – the control body of the Maritime Guard of the FSB Border Service of Russia (MOKhR of the FSB of Russia).[10]

Coast Guard

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On July 20, 2004, on the basis of the Maritime Guard of the FSB of Russia, the Coast Guard of the FSB Border Service of Russia (BOKhR of the FSB of Russia) was formed. In the Organizational Department of the FSB of Russia, the former Maritime Administration is reorganized into the Coast Guard Administration of the FSB Border Service of Russia.[10][11]

In 2005, the Russian Federation abolished such a type of power structures as border troops – since that time, all military formations, government agencies, inspection bodies and their management bodies of the FSB Border Service of Russia (including the Coast Guard) are called border agencies.[12]

At the same time, in 2005, the FSB Border Service of Russia begins to transfer the system of manning the personnel of military units (ships) of the border agencies completely to a contract basis, with a gradual reduction in the number of servicemen doing military service by conscription. The process of transition to a contractual basis, which equally affected the bodies of the security guard of the FSB of Russia, was completed by the beginning of 2009.[13][14]

On August 20, 2007, the Coast Guard Directorate was reorganized into the Coast Guard Department of the FSB Border Service of Russia.[11] At present, the main personnel of the Coast Guard, as well as all border agencies of the FSB of Russia, are military personnel doing military service under contract, with the exception of the OMBIR bodies, staffed by federal government officials and civilian personnel.

Training and study

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The FSB Coast Guard Institute (Russian: Институт береговой охраны ФСБ России), located in Anapa, was established in 2007. Cadets study for 4 years.

Ranks

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Rank group General/flag officers Senior officers Junior officers
 Russian Coast Guard
Адмирал
Admiral 		Вице-адмирал
Vitse-admiral 		Контр-адмирал
Kontr-admiral 		Капитан 1-го ранга
Kapitan 1-go ranga 		Капитан 2-го ранга
Kapitan 2-go ranga 		Капитан 3-го ранга
Kapitan 3-go ranga 		Капитан-лейтенант
Kapitan-leytenant 		Старший лейтенант
Starshiy leytenant 		Лейтенант
Leytenant 		Младший лейтенант
Mladshiy leytenant
Rank group Senior NCOs Junior NCOs Enlisted
 Russian Coast Guard
Старший мичман
Starshiy michman 		Мичман
Michman 		Главный корабельный старшина
Glavny korabelny starshina 		Главный старшина
Glavny starshina 		Старшина 1 статьи
Starshina 1 statji 		Старшина 2 статьи
Starshina 2 statji 		Старший матрос
Starshiy matros 		Матрос
Matros

Missions

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The Russian Coast Guard has various missions, such as the protection of Russia's maritime borders, ensuring safe navigation in territorial waters, assisting vessels and aircraft, weather reconnaissance, fisheries protection, and fighting against smuggling and piracy. To perform these missions the Russian Coast Guard uses a variety of vessels and aircraft.[15]

Equipment

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The Russian Coast Guard is equipped with a variety of vessels, aircraft, and small arms/mounted weapons.

Vessels

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Vessels of the Russian Coast Guard are:

The number of vessels listed above are based on a list of currently active Russian Coast Guard vessels.[citation needed]

Aircraft

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Weapons

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The Russian Coast Guard uses a variety of weapons, this includes but is not limited to the AK series of rifles, pistols, grenade based weapons such as the DP-64 hand anti-diver grenade launcher and the 30 mm AGS-17 automatic grenade launcher, and a variety of machine guns from 7.62 mm machine guns to 14.5 mm machine guns. Large weapons aboard vessels can be anything from naval guns, torpedoes, and missiles.[39][40][41][42]

Commanders

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Flag of the Deputy Commander of the Russian Border Troops for the Naval Unit (1993–1994),[43] and the Commander of the Naval Forces of the Border Troops of the Russian Federation (1994–2008)[44]
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  • Russian Coast Guard Krivak III-class frigate Vorovskiy in 2009
    Russian Coast Guard Krivak III-class frigate Vorovskiy in 2009

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Hazegrey.org, World Navies Today: Maritime Units of the Russian Border Guard Forces
  2. ^ a b "Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 21 мая 1993 года № 720". Archived from the original on 2017-10-27. Retrieved 2021-03-04.
  3. ^ "Собрание законодательства Российской Федерации". www.szrf.ru. Archived from the original on 2017-10-26. Retrieved 2021-03-04.
  4. ^ "Собрание законодательства Российской Федерации". www.szrf.ru. Archived from the original on 2017-10-26. Retrieved 2021-03-04.
  5. ^ "Собрание законодательства Российской Федерации". www.szrf.ru. Archived from the original on 2017-10-26. Retrieved 2021-03-04.
  6. ^ "Собрание законодательства Российской Федерации". www.szrf.ru. Archived from the original on 2017-10-26. Retrieved 2021-03-04.
  7. ^ "Собрание законодательства Российской Федерации". www.szrf.ru. Archived from the original on 2017-10-27. Retrieved 2021-03-04.
  8. ^ "Собрание законодательства Российской Федерации". www.szrf.ru. Archived from the original on 2017-11-07. Retrieved 2021-03-04.
  9. ^ "ОБ УТВЕРЖДЕНИИ ПОЛОЖЕНИЯ О ДЕПАРТАМЕНТЕ МОРСКОЙ ОХРАНЫ ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЙ ПОГРАНИЧНОЙ СЛУЖБЫ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ. Приказ. Федеральная пограничная служба РФ. 13.06.98 328. Предпринимательское право". businesspravo.ru. Retrieved 2021-03-04.
  10. ^ a b "В России создана береговая охрана | Еженедельник "Военно-промышленный курьер"". vpk-news.ru. Retrieved 2021-03-04.
  11. ^ a b "profilib.com". profilib.com. Retrieved 2021-03-04.
  12. ^ "Собрание законодательства Российской Федерации". www.szrf.ru. Archived from the original on 2017-10-27. Retrieved 2021-03-04.
  13. ^ ":: Жизнь". ytro.ru. Retrieved 2021-03-04.
  14. ^ "Граница перешла на контракт". ampravda.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 2021-03-04.
  15. ^ "Sea Guard of the Border Guard Service". GlobalSecurity. Retrieved 27 June 2017.
  16. ^ a b c "Russian Coast Guard 2021 :: List of Current Ships".
  17. ^ "Russia transfers Rubin class patrol boat from Caspian Sea to Black Sea".
  18. ^ "Coast guard patrol ship - Project 22460".
  19. ^ "На пограничном сторожевом корабле "Расул Гамзатов" впервые подняли флаг".
  20. ^ "Coast guard patrol ship - Project 22100".
  21. ^ "Погранслужба ФСБ получила сторожевой корабль для охраны границ в Арктике". 22 January 2017. Retrieved 1 August 2017.
  22. ^ "ЦАМТО / Новости / Пограничный корабль "Полярная звезда" прибыл к месту постоянного базирования в порт Мурманска". www.armstrade.org. Retrieved 1 August 2017.
  23. ^ "Успешное завершение государственных испытаний". www.zdship.ru. Retrieved Oct 16, 2022.
  24. ^ Поднят флаг на пограничном сторожевом корабле проекта 22100 «Анадырь».
  25. ^ "Coast guard patrol ships - Project 850285".
  26. ^ "Coast guard patrol vessel - Project 22120".
  27. ^ "Новый пограничный корабль Подольск убыл на службу". Сетевое издание Официальный подольск. (in Russian). Retrieved 2023-11-26.
  28. ^ "Введен в строй пограничный патрульный корабль «Уфа» проекта 22120". bmpd (in Russian). 2024-01-09. Retrieved 2024-01-10.
  29. ^ "Coast guard patrol boat - Project 1496M".
  30. ^ "Project 1496M1 Lamantin Commissioned in Taganrog – SeaWaves Magazine".
  31. ^ "Новый пограничный сторожевой корабль «Альбатрос»". bmpd (in Russian). 2024-08-02. Retrieved 2024-08-04.
  32. ^ "Четвёртый морской "Ламантин" передан заказчику". kalashnikovgroup.ru. Retrieved Oct 16, 2022.
  33. ^ "ЦАМТО // В Таганроге состоялся торжественный подъем флага на новом пограничном сторожевом катере типа "Ламантин"".
  34. ^ "ЦАМТО / Новости / Катер проекта Р1650 «Рондо» отправился к месту постоянного базирования". armstrade.org. Retrieved Oct 16, 2022.
  35. ^ "ЦАМТО // На СНСЗ завершились заводские ходовые испытания катера "Рондо"".
  36. ^ "Seagoing tug - Project 745".
  37. ^ "Ship-based Ka-226T Delivered For Russian Coast Guard". aviationweek. Retrieved 27 June 2017.
  38. ^ "RUSSIAN Coast Guard Camcopter S 100". Youtube. Retrieved 29 June 2017.
  39. ^ "Project 12150 "Mangoost"". oaoosk. Retrieved 27 June 2017.
  40. ^ "Combat training of russian coast guards and special FSB". alamy. Retrieved 27 June 2017.
  41. ^ "пскр нева. артилерия к бою" on YouTube.
  42. ^ Есть такой корабль... "Анадырь" on YouTube.
  43. ^ "Указ № 720 от 21.05.1993". Archived from the original on 2017-10-27. Retrieved 2021-03-04.
  44. ^ "Собрание законодательства Российской Федерации". www.szrf.ru. Retrieved 2021-03-04.
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