Colony Club

	Old Colony Club
	U.S. National Register of Historic Places
	New York City Landmark No. 0236
	The original Colony Club building in Madison Avenue
Location	62nd Street and Park Avenue; Manhattan, New York
Coordinates	40°44′44″N 73°59′5.6″W / 40.74556°N 73.984889°W
Built	1904
Architect	McKim, Mead & White; Kendall & Baldwin
Architectural style	Colonial Revival, others
NRHP reference No.	80002706
NYCL No.	0236
Significant dates
Added to NRHP	April 23, 1980
Designated NYCL	May 17, 1966

The Colony Club is a women-only private social club in New York City. Founded in 1903 by Florence Jaffray Harriman, wife of J. Borden Harriman, as the first social club established in New York City by and for women, it was modeled on similar gentlemen's clubs. Today, men are admitted as guests.^[2]

History

Original clubhouse

With other wealthy women, including Anne Tracy Morgan (a daughter of J.P. Morgan), Harriman raised $500,000, and commissioned Stanford White of McKim, Mead & White to build the original clubhouse, later known as the "Old Colony Club".^[3] This building – at 120 Madison Avenue, between East 30th and East 31st Streets on the west side of Madison – was built between 1904 and 1908 and was modelled on eighteenth-century houses in Annapolis, Maryland.^[3]

The interiors, which exist largely unchanged, were created by Elsie de Wolfe – later to become Lady Mendl – a former actress who had recently opened an interior-design business, and whose companion, the theatrical agent Elisabeth Marbury, was one of the club's founders. Stanford White was slain by Harry K. Thaw months before construction of the Colony Club was completed. The building was designed in the Federal Revival style, and has unusual brickwork done in a diaper pattern^[3] as a notable feature of its facade. The club and the street in front of it were often the site of large suffrage rallies sponsored by the Equal Franchise Society to which many members of the Club belonged.^[4]

The Old Colony Club was sold to Genevieve Garvan Brady after the club moved to its new location in 1916.^[5] Today, the building houses the East Coast headquarters of the American Academy of Dramatic Arts.^[2]^[6] It was awarded landmark status by the City of New York in 1966.^[3]

Second clubhouse

The second clubhouse, located at 564 Park Avenue, also known as 51 East 62nd Street, on the northwest corner, was commissioned in 1913^[7] and constructed from 1914 to 1916. It was designed by Delano & Aldrich in the Neo-Georgian style, with interiors designed by Elsie de Wolfe.^{[citation needed]} The building has a marble base with red-brick and marble trim and columns for the upper floors.^[2]^[6] According to Andrew Dolkart:

This is not one of Delano & Aldrich's more elegant works in the Colonial idiom, perhaps because it was nearly impossible to create a well-proportioned design for a building with the complex spatial requirements of this club. The beautifully appointed interior included the lounges, dining rooms, and bedrooms common to social clubs, but also had a two-story ballroom, a basement swimming pool and spa that connected via an express elevator to a gymnasium on the fifth floor, two squash courts, servants' rooms (in 1925 there were thirteen female servants), and even a kennel where members could leave their pets.^[8]

In 1973, Secretary of State Henry Kissinger's birthday party was held at the Colony Club (among the guests were four couples whom Kissinger had ordered to be wiretapped^{[citation needed]}). In 2007, memorial services for Brooke Astor were held there. The club continues its policy of women-only membership – new members must be recommended by current members.^[9]

The Club presently has approximately 2,500 members who have access to discussions, concerts, and wellness and athletic programs. The Clubhouse consists of seven stories, 25 guest bedrooms, three dining rooms, two ballrooms, a lounge, a squash court, an indoor pool, a fitness facility and three personal spa service rooms. Annual gross revenues are more than $10 million.^[10]

Notable members

Madeleine Talmage Force Astor^[11] – wife of John Jacob Astor IV
Ambassador Robin Chandler Duke
Jessica Garretson Finch, college president, founding member.
Elisabeth Marbury
Kathleen Troia McFarland, U.S. Deputy National Security Advisor
Anne Morgan – a daughter of J. P. Morgan, and a founding member^[2]
Frances Louisa Tracy Morgan^[11] – wife of J. P. Morgan
Ruth Morgan, women's rights and peace activist, and president of the Colony Club in 1922^[12]
Judith Peabody
Emily K. Rafferty, former president Metropolitan Museum of Art
Eleanor Roosevelt – resigned when the Club refused to consider Mrs. Henry Morgenthau Jr., wife of the Secretary of the Treasury under President Franklin D. Roosevelt, because she was Jewish.^[13]
Abby Aldrich Rockefeller
Julia Catlin Park Taufflieb^[11] – the first American woman to receive the Légion d'honneur in World War I for turning her chateau in northern France into a 300-bed hospital
Anne Harriman Vanderbilt – founding member
Ava Lowle Willing – founding member

References

Notes

^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. April 15, 2008.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Blair, Karen J. "Colony Club" in Jackson, Kenneth T., ed. (2010). The Encyclopedia of New York City (2nd ed.). New Haven: Yale University Press. p. 283. ISBN 978-0-300-11465-2.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission; Dolkart, Andrew S.; Postal, Matthew A. (2009). Postal, Matthew A. (ed.). Guide to New York City Landmarks (4th ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons. p. 78. ISBN 978-0-470-28963-1.
^ DuBois, Ellen Carol (1999). Harriot Stanton Blatch and the Winning of Woman Suffrage. Yale University Press. p. 111. ISBN 0300080689.
^ "The Laetare Medal: Genevieve Garvan Brady" University of Notre Dame
^ ^a ^b White, Norval & Willensky, Elliot (2000). AIA Guide to New York City (4th ed.). New York: Three Rivers Press. pp. 215, 386. ISBN 978-0-8129-3107-5.
^ New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission; Dolkart, Andrew S.; Postal, Matthew A. (2009). Postal, Matthew A. (ed.). Guide to New York City Landmarks (4th ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons. p. 155. ISBN 978-0-470-28963-1.
^ Dolkart, Andrew S. Touring the Upper East Side: Walks in Five Historic Districts. 1995, New York Landmarks Conservancy
^ Jedrzejczak, Antonina. "New York City's Top Members-Only Clubs For Elite Power Players: Colony Club" Business Insider (April 23, 2010)
^ "Colony Club – New York, New York (Executive Chef)" (PDF). denehyctp.com. DENEHY Club Thinking Partners. 2013. Retrieved October 13, 2014.
^ ^a ^b ^c Full list of members (1908)
^ "Relatives Sit Near Stage," in "Lady Astor Arrives with Her Interview Already Typed." New York, New York: New York Tribune, April 20, 1922, p. 3 (subscription required).
^ "Discrimination Remains a Policy and a Practice at Many Clubs". The New York Times. September 13, 1976. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved November 20, 2023.

Bibliography

Medina, Miriam. "Full list of members in first year" Archived July 17, 2015, at the Wayback Machine The New York Times (April 17, 1908)

External links

Documenting the Gilded Age: New York City Exhibitions at the Turn of the 20th Century. A New York Art Resources Consortium project. Exhibition catalogs from the Colony Club.

[nris-1] "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. April 15, 2008.

[Citycyclopedia-2] Blair, Karen J. "Colony Club" in Jackson, Kenneth T., ed. (2010). The Encyclopedia of New York City (2nd ed.). New Haven: Yale University Press. p. 283. ISBN 978-0-300-11465-2.

[Landmarks-3] New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission; Dolkart, Andrew S.; Postal, Matthew A. (2009). Postal, Matthew A. (ed.). Guide to New York City Landmarks (4th ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons. p. 78. ISBN 978-0-470-28963-1.

[Dubois-4] DuBois, Ellen Carol (1999). Harriot Stanton Blatch and the Winning of Woman Suffrage. Yale University Press. p. 111. ISBN 0300080689.

[5] "The Laetare Medal: Genevieve Garvan Brady" University of Notre Dame

[AIA-6] White, Norval & Willensky, Elliot (2000). AIA Guide to New York City (4th ed.). New York: Three Rivers Press. pp. 215, 386. ISBN 978-0-8129-3107-5.

[nycland-7] New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission; Dolkart, Andrew S.; Postal, Matthew A. (2009). Postal, Matthew A. (ed.). Guide to New York City Landmarks (4th ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons. p. 155. ISBN 978-0-470-28963-1.

[8] Dolkart, Andrew S. Touring the Upper East Side: Walks in Five Historic Districts. 1995, New York Landmarks Conservancy

[9] Jedrzejczak, Antonina. "New York City's Top Members-Only Clubs For Elite Power Players: Colony Club" Business Insider (April 23, 2010)

[10] "Colony Club – New York, New York (Executive Chef)" (PDF). denehyctp.com. DENEHY Club Thinking Partners. 2013. Retrieved October 13, 2014.

[list-11] Full list of members (1908)

[12] "Relatives Sit Near Stage," in "Lady Astor Arrives with Her Interview Already Typed." New York, New York: New York Tribune, April 20, 1922, p. 3 (subscription required).

[13] "Discrimination Remains a Policy and a Practice at Many Clubs". The New York Times. September 13, 1976. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved November 20, 2023.

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