Corruption in Sweden
Corruption in Sweden has been defined as "the abuse of power" by Swedish National Council for Crime Prevention (Brå). By receiving bribes, bribe takers abuse their position of power, which is consistent with how the National Anti-Corruption Unit of the Swedish Prosecution Authority specifies the term. Although bribes and improper rewards are central in the definition of corruption in Sweden, corruption in the sense of "abuse of power" can also manifest itself in other crimes such as misuse of office, embezzlement, fraud and breach of trust against a principal.[1]
Legal definition
The provisions on bribery and taking a bribe are found in Chapter 10 of the Swedish Penal Code. Bribe giving is the criminal act of giving, promising or offering or receiving, accepting a promise of or demanding an improper reward, for the performance of duties. Anything of direct or indirect value to the recipient can be considered an improper reward. The provisions on taking a bribe and giving a bribe are applicable both within the public and the private sector. They are also applicable on acts of bribery committed abroad or if the persons involved are foreign, provided that the acts of bribery are subject to the jurisdiction of Swedish courts.[1][2]
Level of corruption
The level of corruption in Sweden is very low, according to a 2011 pan-European study by Transparency International.[3][Note 1] The legal and institutional framework in Sweden are considered effective in fighting against corruption, and the government agencies are characterized by a high degree of transparency, integrity and accountability.[4] However, there are some municipal cases showing signs of irregular public procurement procedures between public and private actors.[3] The low levels of corruption are attributed to an efficient public administration, high quality comprehensive services to citizens and enterprises, and a long tradition of openness and transparency of Swedish society and institutions, along with a strong respect for the rule of law, according to an Anti-corruption European Commission report. According to the same report, The Special Eurobarometer on Corruption places Sweden among the countries with the least corruption in the EU. 40 % of Swedish respondents believe that corruption is widespread in their country (EU average: 76 %) and 12 % feel personally affected by corruption in their daily life (EU average: 26 %).[5]
The number of cases reported, prosecuted and the number of convictions have been stable over time, according to a 2013 study by Brå. The study found that corruption in Sweden can mostly be described as being simple in nature, in that most cases involve smaller amounts, conference travel, dining and such.[1]
Cases
Azerbaijan
The former Swedish agency Televerket, now a private company TeliaSonera is suspected of involvement in a corruption scandal in Azerbaijan, the Swedish newspaper Svenska Dagbladet reports.[6] Corruption by proxy is the term used in these instances.
Notes
- 1 See also Corruption Perceptions Index
See also
References
- ^ a b c "Reported Corruption in Sweden" (PDF). Brå. Retrieved 18 July 2014.
- ^ "Svenska Brottsbalken - 10 kap. 5b §" (in Swedish). lagen.nu.
- ^ a b "Motståndskraft, oberoende, integritet – kan det svenska samhället stå emot korruption?" (PDF). Transparency International Sweden. Transparency International Sweden. Retrieved 17 November 2013.
- ^ "Snapshot of the Sweden Country Profile". Business Anti-Corruption Portal. GAN Integrity Solutions. Retrieved 17 November 2013.
- ^ "SWEDEN to the EU Anti-Corruption Report" (PDF). Ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 2016-07-19.
- ^ "Telia i härva med misstänkta rekordmutor | SvD". Svd.se. Retrieved 2016-07-19.
External links
- Sweden Corruption Profile from the Business Anti-Corruption Portal
- Motståndskraft, oberoende, integritet – kan det svenska samhället stå emot korruption? from Transparency International Sweden [1]
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