Ein Qiniya

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Not to be confused with Ein Qiniyye.

Template:Infobox Palestinian Authority municipality Ein Qiniya or 'Ayn Kiniya (Arabic: عين قينيا) is a Palestinian village in the northern West Bank, located 7 kilometers (4.3 mi) northwest of Ramallah and is a part of the Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate. Ein Qiniya has existed since the Roman-era of rule in Palestine.[1] The village is very small with no public structures or institutions and is governed by a local development committee. Ein Qiniya is regionally notable for being a spring and autumn time picnic resort.[1]

There is an annual walk on March 4 from Ramallah to Ein Qiniyya in celebration of the spring.[2]

Location

'Ein Qiniya is located (horizontally) 5.5 km west of Ramallah. It is bordered by Ramallah to the east, Al-Zaitounah to the north, Al-Janiya and Deir Ibzi to the west, and Ein 'Arik and Beitunia to the south.[3]

History

A Middle Bronze Age tomb was discovered here in 1934.[4] Potsherds from the Hellenistic and Umayyad/Abbasid period have been found here.[4]

Ein Qiniya has traditionally been identified with Ainqune of the Crusader era, one of the fiefs given by King Godfrey to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.[5][6] However, Finkelstein writes that this identification should be reconsidered.[7] Potsherds from the Mamluk era have also been found here.[4]

Ottoman era

In 1517, the village was included in the Ottoman empire with the rest of Palestine, and in the 1596 tax-records it appeared as Ayn Qinya, located in the Nahiya of Jabal Quds of the Liwa of Al-Quds. The population was 32 households, all Muslim. They paid a tax rate of 33,3% on agricultural products, which included wheat, barley, summer crops, olive trees, vineyards and fruit trees, occasional revenues, goats and beehives; a total of 4,760 akçe.[8][9]

In 1838 it was noted as 'Ain Kinia, a Muslim village, located in the Beni Harith district, north of Jerusalem.[10]

An official Ottoman village list from about 1870 showed that Ain Kina had 54 houses and a population of 205, though the population count included men, only.[11][12]

In 1882, the Palestine Exploration Fund's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) described Ain Kanieh as "a village of moderate size on a ridge".[13]

In 1896 the population of 'Ain kinja was estimated to be about 135 persons.[14]

British Mandate era

Spring, at Ein Qiniya

In 1917, most of the village's inhabitants were evacuated by British Mandate troops for suspicion that residents killed a British officer and relocated to Beitunia and Yalo.[1] In the 1922 census of Palestine, conducted by the British Mandate authorities, 'Ain Qinia had a population of 56, all Muslims.[15] This had increased in the 1931 census to 83, still all Muslims, in a total of 26 houses.[16]

In the 1945 statistics the population was 100, all Muslims,[17] while the total land area was 2,494 dunams, according to an official land and population survey.[18] Of this, 1,276 were allocated for plantations and irrigable land, 569 for cereals,[19] while 19 dunams were classified as built-up areas.[20]

Jordanian era

In the wake of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the 1949 Armistice Agreements, Ein Qiniya came under Jordanian rule.

The Jordanian census of 1961 found 235 inhabitants.[21]

1967 and after

After the Six-Day War in 1967 Ein Qiniya has been under Israeli occupation.

After the 1995 accords 12.1% of village land is defined as Area B land, while the remaining 87.9% is defined as Area C.[22]

Israel have confiscated 157 dunams of village land in order to construct the Israeli settlement of Dolev, though the majority of land confiscated for Dolev was taken from Al Janiya.[23]

In 1982 residents numbered 101, then after a mass migration of other Palestinians to the Ein Qiniya, the population rose to 464 in 1984.[24] According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, in 2006 it had a population of 807.[25] In the 2007 PCBS census, there were 817 people living in the village.[26]

References

  1. ^ a b c Ein Qinya (The Spring of Qinya) - Ramallah Jerusalem Media and Communications Centre.
  2. ^ Events Calendar Jerusalem Post.
  3. ^ 'Ein Qiniya Village Profile, ARIJ, p. 4
  4. ^ a b c Finkelstein et al., 1997, p. 337
  5. ^ de Roziére, 1849, p. 100
  6. ^ Conder and Kitchener, 1883, SWP III, p. 11
  7. ^ Röhricht, 1887, p. 204; Röhricht, 1893, RRH, p. 50, No 200; both cited by Finkelstein et al., 1997, p. 337
  8. ^ Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 118
  9. ^ Toledano, 1984, p. 289, has 'Ain Qinya located at 35°08′35″E 31°55′35″N
  10. ^ Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, Appendix 2, p. 124
  11. ^ Socin, 1879, p. 143. It was also noted to be in the Beni Harit district
  12. ^ Hartmann, 1883, p. 125 noted 52 houses
  13. ^ Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. 295
  14. ^ Schick, 1896, p. 123
  15. ^ Barron, 1923, Table VII, Sub-district of Ramallah, p. 16
  16. ^ Mills, 1932, p. 49
  17. ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 26
  18. ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 64
  19. ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 112
  20. ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 162
  21. ^ Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics, 1964, p. 24
  22. ^ 'Ein Qiniya Village Profile, ARIJ, p. 16
  23. ^ 'Ein Qiniya Village Profile, ARIJ, p. 17
  24. ^ Welcome to 'Ayn Kiniya
  25. ^ Projected Mid -Year Population for Ramallah & Al Bireh Governorate by Locality 2004- 2006 Archived March 4, 2009, at the Wayback Machine Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics.
  26. ^ 2007 PCBS Census Archived December 10, 2010, at the Wayback Machine Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics. p.114.

Bibliography

External links

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