Emerging power
An emerging power or rising power is a term used as recognition of the rising, primarily economic, influence of a nation—or union of nations—which has steadily increased their presence in global affairs. Such a power aspires to have a more powerful position or role in international relations, either regionally or globally, and possess sufficient resources and levels of development that such goals are potentially achievable. A term also used to describe such a state is "rising power".[1]
Characteristics
There are few available conceptualizations of the term "emerging power".[2] Therefore, there is no standard or agreed method to decide which states are emerging powers. However a fundamental characteristic of an emerging power is that it is also an emerging economy, being that economic development is necessary and preliminary to political and military emergence.[3] It has been argued that while a country may be an emerging power, it is above anything else an emerging economy with only the potential or hope of increasing their global influence. This is because of several limiting factors, largely the seven dimensions of state power; geography, population, economy, resources, military, diplomacy and national identity.[4] Traditionally, only great powers or superpowers have succeeded in all seven dimensions of state power.
The BRICS[5] are often cited as being emerging powers, but at varying stages of development and of varying degrees of potential. For example, Russia, which was once a superpower, is now re-emerging in some aspects of state power following the fall of the Soviet Union. China and India are emerging as potential superpowers, while Brazil is emerging as a possible great power.
List of emerging powers
The term emerging power is often used to delineate the following countries:
Brazil[5][6][7][8]
China[5][6][7][8]
European Union (supranational union)[4][7][9]
India[5][6][7][8]
Russia[5][6][8]
Although there is no exact and agreed upon definition of what constitutes an emerging power, the term has sometimes been also applied to the following countries:
Argentina[7][10]
Australia[10]
Indonesia[6][7][10]
Iran[11]
Mexico[6][7][10]
Nigeria[12][13][14]
Poland[7][15]
Saudi Arabia[10]
South Africa[5][6][7][8][10]
South Korea[7][10]
Turkey[6][7][10]
See also
References
- ^ "Google nGram: Emerging powers vs Rising powers".
- ^ Schenoni, Luis (2012). Rise and Hegemony, some observations on Emerging Powers. RBPI.
- ^ Kennedy, Paul (1987). The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers. Random House. ISBN 0679-720197.
- ^ a b Renard, Thomas; Biscop, Sven (2013). The European Union and Emerging Powers in the 21st Century: How Europe Can Shape a New Global Order.
- ^ a b c d e f Shaw, Timothy M.; Cornelissen, Scarlett; Miranda, Liliana Avendãno; McDonald, Matthew (June 2010). "The Emerging Politics of the Emerging Powers: The BRICs and the Global South" (PDF). The China Monitor. University of Stellenbosch, South Africa: Centre For Chinese Studies. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 December 2013. Retrieved 4 December 2013.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ a b c d e f g h Stacy White, CSIS: Emerging Powers, Emerging Donors, Published February 2011
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Parliamentary Information and Research Service: Emerging Powers in the global system, parl.gc.ca, 27 March 2006
- ^ a b c d e FRIDE: The international arena and emerging powers: stabilising or destabilising forces?, Susanne Gratius, April 2008
- ^ Buzan, Barry (2004). The United States and the Great Powers. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Polity Press. p. 70. ISBN 0-7456-3375-7.
- ^ a b c d e f g h What does it mean to be an Emerging Power?, moderndiplomacy.eu, 3 May 2015
- ^ Iran An Emerging Power in Perspective, saisjournal.org, GARY SICK
- ^ "Nigeria, an Emerging African Power". BET. 20 July 2011. Retrieved 27 April 2015.
- ^ "MINT Countries: Nigeria Now Listed Among Emerging World Economic Powers!". The Street Journal. 7 January 2014. Retrieved 27 April 2015.
- ^ "The Mint countries: Next economic giants?". BBC. 6 January 2014. Retrieved 27 April 2015.
- ^ Josh Seale and Josh Wilson, Poland: An Emerging Central European Power?, Published February 2015