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List of equipment of the Estonian Defence Forces

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(Redirected from Equipment of the Maavägi)

This is a list of modern military equipment currently in service with the Estonian Defence Forces.

Weapons

[edit]

Small arms

[edit]
Model Image Origin Type Caliber Notes
Handguns
Heckler & Koch USP  Germany Semi-automatic pistol 9×19mm Parabellum Standard issue pistol.[1]
Glock 19  Austria Semi-automatic pistol 9×19mm Parabellum Used by the Special Operations Forces.[2]
Submachine guns
Heckler & Koch MP7  Germany PDW 4.6×30mm HK Used by the Special Operations Forces.[3]
Heckler & Koch MP5 A2  West Germany Submachine gun 9×19mm Parabellum Purchased in 2013.[4][5]
Assault rifles & battle rifles
LMT MARS-L

"R-20 Rahe"

 United States Carbine and assault rifle 5.56×45mm NATO Standard issue assault rifle, 19,000 ordered in 2019 to replace the IMI Galil and Ak 4 rifles.[6] First delivery in 2020, and replaced all Galil and Ak.4 by 2022.[7]

Two variants were ordered:

  • R-20 S, with a barrel length of 310 mm (12 in) [8]
  • R-20, with a barrel length of 367 mm (14.4 in) [9]
IMI Galil  Israel Assault rifle 5.56×45mm NATO Purchased in 1993. AR and ARM with a 460 mm barrel and SAR with a 332 mm barrel.[10][11][12] Being replaced by the R-20.[13][14]
Heckler & Koch G36  Germany Assault rifle 5.56×45mm NATO Used by the Special Operations Forces.[2]
Heckler & Koch HK416  Germany Assault rifle 5.56×45mm NATO Used by the Special Operations Forces.[2]
Heckler & Koch HK417  Germany Battle rifle 7.62×51mm NATO Used by the Special Operations Forces.[15]
Heckler & Koch G3  Germany Battle rifle 7.62×51mm NATO Used by Defence League [16][17] Being replaced by the R-20.[13][14]
M14  United States Battle rifle 7.62×51mm NATO Used as a ceremonial weapon.[18] 40,500 M14 rifles were donated by USA in 1998.[19] 35,000 M14 battle rifles were donated to Ukraine in the spring of 2022.[20]
Precision rifles
LMT MARS-H

"R-20L Rahe"

 United States Designated marksman rifle 7.62×51mm NATO 406 mm (16.0 in)[6][21]
IMI Galil Sniper  Israel Designated marksman rifle 7.62×51mm NATO Purchased in 1993. Sniper rifle with a 508 mm barrel. [22]
M14 TP2  United States Designated marksman rifle 7.62×51mm NATO Optical sight: TP-2 Schmidt&Bender [23]
Våpensmia NM149  Norway Bolt-action sniper rifle 7.62×51mm NATO [24]
Sako TRG  Finland Bolt action sniper rifle 8.6x70 mm TRG 42 Purchased in 2007.[25] 8.6 mm (.338 Lapua Magnum) sniper rifle with a 690 mm barrel.[26] Sako TRG M10 purchased in 2023.[27]
PGM Hécate II  France Anti-material rifle 12.7×99mm NATO Purchased in 2007.[25][28] Can be used as an anti-materiel rifle.
Machine guns
IWI Negev  Israel Light machine gun 5.56×45mm NATO
7.62×51mm NATO 		Purchased in 1993.[29][30]Negev NG7 variant ordered in 2023.[31]
Heckler & Koch MG4  Germany Light machine gun 5.56×45mm NATO Used by the Special Operations Forces.[15]
Ksp 58  Sweden General-purpose machine gun 7.62×51mm NATO Swedish-made variant of the FN MAG.[32] 1,500 received from Sweden between 1999 and 2002.[29][33] Negev NG7 chosen as replacement in 2023.[34]
MG 3  West Germany General-purpose machine gun 7.62×51mm NATO 1,500 received from Germany, unknown number purchased from Norway.[33][5][35] Negev NG7 chosen as replacement in 2023.[34]
M2 Browning  United States Heavy machine gun 12.7×99mm NATO Mostly vehicle mounted.[36]
Shotguns
Benelli M3T  Italy Pump action shotgun 12 gauge [37]
Grenade launchers
Brügger & Thomet GL06  Switzerland Grenade launcher 40×46mm LV Stand-alone grenade launcher.[38]
Heckler & Koch GLM  Germany Under barrel grenade launcher 40×46mm LV Under-barrel grenade launcher that attaches to various types of assault rifles.[39]
Heckler & Koch 79N  Germany Under barrel grenade launcher 40×46mm LV Purchased in 2013. Under-barrel grenade launcher that attaches to Heckler & Koch G3 series of rifles.[5][40]
M203  United States Under barrel grenade launcher 40×46mm LV Under-barrel grenade launcher that attaches to R-20 Rahe rifles.[6]

Anti-tank weapons

[edit]
Model Image Origin Type Caliber Notes
Carl Gustav  Sweden Anti-tank recoilless rifle 84mm M2, M3 and M4 variants are in use.[41][42][43]
Instalaza C90  Spain Anti-tank grenade launcher 90mm C90-CR-AM, C90-CR-BK and C90-CR-RB variants are in use.[44][45][46]

At least 10,408 units are known to be purchased between 2009 and 2022.[47][48][49][50][51][52]

Javelin  United States Anti-tank guided missile 127mm 80 CLUs (with option for additional 40) and 350 missiles purchased from the United States.[53] Block-0 and Block-1 missiles supplied with United States European Reassurance Initiative funds.[54]

Estonia donated 100 Javelins to Ukraine in March 2022.[20]

Spike  Israel Anti-tank guided missile 130mm 18 Spike-LR II systems delivered in 2020.[55][56] In addition, more than 500 Spike-SR systems purchased in 2022.[57]

Air-defence equipment

[edit]
Model Image Origin Type Caliber Number Notes
ZU-23-2  Soviet Union Autocannon 23×152mm 98 Purchased from Israel in 1993.[29][58]
PPZR Piorun  Poland Man-portable air-defense system 72mm 100 launchers, 300 missiles 100 launchers with 300 missiles ordered in September 2022.[59]
Mistral  France Short range air defense system 90mm 209[60] Mistral M2 (second generation) acquired in 2007.[61] The latest generation Mistral F3 acquired in 2015, 2018 and 2023.[62][63]
IRIS-T SLM  Germany Medium range air defense system In May 2023, Estonia and Latvia made a decision to jointly procure medium-range IRIS-T SLM.[64] The systems are expected to be operational in 2025.

Anti-ship weapons

[edit]
Model Image Origin Type Caliber Notes
Blue Spear  Israel Anti-ship missile Ordered in October 2021.[65] First systems delivered in February 2024.[66] Derivative of the Gabriel V missile, with a range up to 290 km.[67] Missiles are mounted on trucks.[68]

Grenades

[edit]
Model Image Origin Type Detonation Notes
m/56  Sweden Fragmentation grenade Fuse [69]
DM61  Germany Fragmentation grenade Fuse [70]
OffHGr 85  Germany Fragmentation grenade Fuse OffHGr 85 A2[71]
SplHGr 85  Germany Fragmentation grenade Fuse SplHGr 85 A2[72]

Mortars

[edit]
Model Image Origin Type Caliber Notes
M252  United States Mortar 81mm 80 units received from USA as military aid.[73]
m/41D  Sweden Mortar 120mm 165 units in holding as of 2010.[74] To be replaced with mortars from Elbit Systems.[75]

Vehicles

[edit]

Armoured vehicles

[edit]
Model Image Origin Type Number Notes
Combat Vehicle 90  Sweden Infantry fighting vehicle 44 44 CV9035 purchased from Netherlands and 37 CV90 hulls bought from Norway.[76] CV90 hulls to be rebuilt as support vehicles by the end of 2023.[77] These will be equipped with the Protector RS4 RWS able to fire Javelin missiles.[78]
Support vehicle 37
Patria Pasi  Finland Armoured personnel carrier 136 XA-180: 60 units purchased from Finland (56 in service).
XA-188: 81 units purchased from Netherlands (80 in service).[79]
XA-180 models to be replaced by 2030. XA-188 models to be modernized to extend their service lives to 2048.[80]
Otokar Arma 6x6  Turkey Armoured personnel carrier (130) Estonian Defence Forces will acquire 230 armoured vehicles from Turkey for 200 million Euro. According to the contract, which includes maintenance equipment and training services along with the vehicles, deliveries are planned to start in the second half of 2024 and be completed in 2025.[81]
Nurol Yörük NMS  Turkey Infantry mobility vehicle (100)

Artillery

[edit]
Model Image Origin Type Caliber Quantity in service Notes
K9 Thunder  South Korea Self-propelled howitzer 155mm 36[82] 36 ordered from South Korea in total and the first howitzers were delivered in 2018.[83] The domestic company Go Craft AS was contracted to integrate the radio and artillery system.[84]
CAESAR  France Self-propelled howitzer 155mm (12) 12 CAESAR 6x6 Mk I howitzers ordered in June 2024 with the first deliveries planned the same year. The contract also includes an option for 6 additional howitzers.[85]
M142 HIMARS  United States Rocket artillery 227mm
610mm 		(6) 6 systems ordered in December 2022 with the deliveries are planned to start in 2024.[86][87] The package includes GMLRS (M28A2, M30A2, M31A2) and ER GMLRS (XM403, XM404) rockets as well as MGM-140 ATACMS (M57 variant) missiles.

Utility vehicles

[edit]
Model Image Origin Type Number Notes
Mercedes-Benz G-Class

Utility vehicle — G250 and G290.[88][89]
Husqvarna 258A MT  Sweden Motorcycle — [90]

Logistics vehicles

[edit]
Model Image Origin Type Number Notes
Base trucks
DAF 4440/4442  Netherlands Truck ~500 Purchased in 2008.[91][88]
MAN KAT1  West Germany Truck MAN 4610/4620/4640/4530.[88][92][93]
MAN TGA  Germany
 Austria
 Poland 		Truck [94][93]
Mercedes-Benz 1017  West Germany Truck ~100 Purchased in 2008.[93][91]
Mercedes-Benz Arocs 3945 8×8  Germany Truck 10 Purchased in 2019.[93][95]
Mercedes-Benz Atego 1018A 4×4  Germany Truck [93]
Mercedes-Benz Axor 1829 4×4  Germany Truck [93]
Mercedes-Benz Unimog 435  West Germany Truck Purchased in 2008. U 1300 L and U 1700 L.[93][96]
Sisu E13TP  Finland Truck 2 The truck is used to transport the Ground Master 403 radar system.[97]
Volvo FMX 6×6  Sweden Tactical truck with hydraulic hooklift hoist 52 Vehicle + trailer, transports 15 ft containers.[93]
  • 12 purchased in 2015[98]
  • 40 more purchased in 2019 (€6.9 million).[99][100]
  • Framework agreement for 3,000 trucks in 7 years for Estonian and Latvian military for €440 million signed in October 2023. [101]Quantity for Estonia not specified.
Semi-trucks
Volvo FH16 550 8×4  Sweden Heavy equipment transporter 7 [93]

Can tow a semi-trailer weighing up to 92 tons (6-axles).

Scania G410 6×4  Sweden Semi-truck 265 Deal signed with Latvia in February 2022, delivery since October 2024.[102][103]

Engineering vehicles

[edit]
Model Image Origin Type Number Notes
Biber  West Germany Armoured vehicle-launched bridge 2 Purchased from Netherlands.[104]
Dachs  West Germany Armoured engineering vehicle 5 Purchased from Netherlands.[104][105]
Bergepanzer 2  West Germany Armoured recovery vehicle 4 Purchased from Netherlands.[104][105]
TMM-3M  Ukraine
 Finland 		Truck launched bridge >4 The TMM-3M bridge is mounted on the KrAZ-63221 truck. Purchased from Ukraine in 2015.[106] Additional systems received from Finland in 2017.[107]
Mercedes-Benz Actros  Germany Recovery vehicle 2 [108]

Unmanned ground vehicles

[edit]
Model Image Origin Type Number Notes
THeMIS  Estonia Unmanned ground vehicle 3 [109]

Ships

[edit]

Mine countermeasures vessels

[edit]
Class Image Origin Type Number Notes
Sandown-class  United Kingdom Minehunter 3 Purchased from the United Kingdom in 2006. Modernized between 2018 and 2020 to extend the service lives of the ships to 2035.[56]

Auxiliary vessels

[edit]
Class Image Origin Type Number Notes
Lindormen-class  Denmark Auxiliary ship 1 Purchased from Denmark in 2006. The ship can also be used as a minelayer.[citation needed]
Kindral Kurvits class  Finland Pollution control ship 1 Formerly a multifunctional pollution control vessel of the Police and Border Guard. Joined the navy in 2023.[110]
PATROL 45 WP class  Estonia Patrol boat 1 Formerly a multifunctional patrol boat of the Police and Border Guard. Joined the navy in 2023.
Pikker class  Estonia Patrol boat 1 Formerly a patrol boat of the Police and Border Guard. Joined the navy in 2023.
PATROL 24 class  Estonia Patrol boat 1 Formerly a patrol boat of the Police and Border Guard. Joined the navy in 2023.

Aircraft

[edit]
Main article: Estonian Air Force § Aircraft
Aircraft Image Origin Type Variant In service Notes
Transport
M28 Skytruck Poland 2[111] replaced two Antonov An-2s[112]
Trainer Aircraft
Robinson R44 United States Rotorcraft trainer 3[111]
Aero L-39 Czechoslovakia Jet trainer 2[113][111]

Note : Three C-17 Globemaster IIIs are available through the Heavy Airlift Wing based in Hungary.[114]

Unmanned aerial vehicles

[edit]
Model Image Origin Type Number Notes
Threod Systems Stream C  Estonia Unmanned aerial vehicle [115][116]
Threod Systems KX-4 LE Titan  Estonia Unmanned aerial vehicle [117]
AeroVironment RQ-20 Puma  United States Unmanned aerial vehicle Undisclosed number of RQ-20B Puma AE II systems to be delivered by 2021.[118]
IAI Harpy  Israel Loitering munition IAI Mini Harpy ordered in 2023.[119]

Radars

[edit]
Model Image Origin Type Number Notes
VERA-E  Czech Republic Passive radar 1 Purchased in 2004.[120][121][122]
Giraffe AMB  Sweden Passive electronically scanned array 4 or 5 [122]
AN/TPS-77  United States Passive electronically scanned array 1 Purchased in 2003 and modernized in 2014.[120][121][123]
Ground Master 403, 400a  France Active electronically scanned array 2 GM403 (2 GM400a on order) Two GM403 radars purchased in 2009.[120][121] Mounted on Sisu E13TP trucks.[124] Two GM400a model radars ordered in 2023.[125]
GCA-2020  United States Precision approach radar 1 Transportable version ordered in 2013.[123]
AN/TSQ-288  United States Surface search and navigation radar [126]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
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  87. ^ "Estonia buys HIMARS, as eastern allies boost artillery arsenals". defensenews.com. 2022-12-05. Retrieved 2022-12-06.
  88. ^ a b c "Sõduri käsiraamat 2015" (PDF). www.ksk.edu.ee (in Estonian). KVÜÕA lahingukool. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-11-10. Retrieved 2018-01-28.
  89. ^ "Maastur Mercedes-Benz 250 GD". mil.ee (in Estonian). Archived from the original on 2018-01-20. Retrieved 2018-01-20.
  90. ^ "Mootorratas Husqvarna 258A MT". mil.ee (in Estonian). Archived from the original on 2018-01-20. Retrieved 2018-01-20.
  91. ^ a b "Kaitseväe Logistikakeskus paneb oksjonile enam kui 170 kaitseväe sõidukit". mil.ee (in Estonian). Archived from the original on 2018-01-20. Retrieved 2018-01-20.
  92. ^ "MAN 4520". mil.ee (in Estonian). Archived from the original on 2018-01-21. Retrieved 2018-01-20.
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  94. ^ "Veok MAN TGA". mil.ee (in Estonian). Retrieved 14 January 2021.
  95. ^ "Mercedes-Benz Arocs 30 aastaks". autoleht.ee. 27 January 2021.
  96. ^ "Mercedes-Benz UNIMOG 435". mil.ee (in Estonian). Archived from the original on 2018-01-21. Retrieved 2018-01-20.
  97. ^ "Veok Sisu E13TP". mil.ee (in Estonian). Retrieved 14 January 2021.
  98. ^ "Eesti kaitsevägi võtab teenistusse Volvo veokid". Logistikauudised (in Estonian). Retrieved 2024-10-24.
  99. ^ "Defence Forces vehicle fleet will grow with 40 new Volvo container trucks". kaitseministeerium.ee. 12 June 2020.
  100. ^ Kaitsevägi, Eesti. "Kaitseväe sõidukipark täienes Volvo veokitega - Kaitsevägi". www.mil.ee. Archived from the original on 2017-11-13. Retrieved 2017-11-13.
  101. ^ "Volvo Defense enters 7-year framework agreement for deliveries of logistics trucks to Estonia and Latvia". www.volvotrucks.com. Retrieved 2024-02-09.
  102. ^ "Estonia begins receiving vehicles as part of $753 million agreement | Shephard". www.shephardmedia.com. Retrieved 2024-10-24.
  103. ^ Domingo, Juster (2024-06-04). "Swedish Automotive Firm to Deliver 265 Vehicles to Estonia". The Defense Post. Retrieved 2024-10-24.
  104. ^ a b c "Hollandlased tutvustasid eestlastele pioneeritehnikat". mil.ee (in Estonian). 9 February 2015. Archived from the original on 2018-01-20. Retrieved 2018-01-20.
  105. ^ a b "Naastetankide soetamine". riigihanked.riik.ee (in Estonian).
  106. ^ "Galerii ja video: kaitsevägi sai jõgede ületamiseks uue sillasüsteemi". www.postimees.ee (in Estonian). 11 November 2015. Archived from the original on 2018-01-21. Retrieved 2018-01-20.
  107. ^ Suurkask, Heiki (2018). "Pioneeride raudne muskel". Sõdur (in Estonian). 28 (3). Tallinn: Headquarters Support and Signal Battalion Information Center of the Estonian Defence Forces: 39. ISSN 1406-3379. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
  108. ^ "Mis masinad need on, mis lennuki kaldale sikutada suutsid?". forte.delfi.ee (in Estonian). Archived from the original on 2017-11-15. Retrieved 2018-01-20.
  109. ^ "Eesti ja Holland ostavad Milrem Roboticsilt mehitamata maismaasõidukid" (in Estonian). Delfi. Retrieved 2020-09-29.
  110. ^ Whyte, Andrew (3 January 2023). "Gallery: Four former PPA vessels now under naval command". err.ee. ERR.
  111. ^ a b c Hoyle, Craig (2023). "World Air Forces 2024". FlightGlobal. Retrieved 4 April 2024.
  112. ^ "Estonian Air Force to get two M-28 transport aircraft from US". Baltic Times. 7 August 2017. Retrieved 2021-05-07.
  113. ^ "Two Estonian Air Force planes accidentally violated Finnish airspace". Republic of Estonia Defense Forces. 2021. Retrieved 1 May 2022.
  114. ^ "Heavy Airlift Wing". Strategic Airlift Capability Program. Retrieved 17 April 2020.
  115. ^ "2. jalaväebrigaadi ajateenijad õpivad luuredroone lennutama". Kaitsevägi (in Estonian). 16 April 2021. Retrieved 2022-01-18.
  116. ^ "Kaitsevägi toetab piirikontrolli mehitamata õhusõidukiga". Kaitsevägi (in Estonian). 7 May 2020. Retrieved 2022-01-18.
  117. ^ "Kaitsevägi testib Malis koos kaitsetööstusettevõtetega mehitamata relvasüsteeme". Kaitsevägi (in Estonian). 27 May 2019. Retrieved 2022-01-18.
  118. ^ Jennings, Gareth (24 September 2018). "Estonia acquires Puma UAS". Jane's Defence Weekly.
  119. ^ "Israel Aerospace wins €100m Estonian munitions deal". en.gloves.co.il. 2 May 2023.
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  121. ^ a b c "Mobiilsed radarid aitavad ennetada üllatusi". www.postimees.ee (in Estonian). March 2010. Archived from the original on 2018-01-23. Retrieved 2018-01-22.
  122. ^ a b "SIPRI Trade Register".
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  124. ^ "1st Armoured SISU 8x8 military truck delivery to Estonia". www.asdnews.com. Archived from the original on 2018-01-23. Retrieved 2018-01-22.
  125. ^ "Estonia buys two airborne radars to construct new wind farms". ERR. 21 June 2023. Retrieved 23 June 2023.
  126. ^ "Press Release: U.S. Delivers Artillery Ammunition and Navy Radars to Estonia". U.S. Embassy in Estonia. 2021-06-08. Retrieved 2022-01-18.
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