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Fiat Uno

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Fiat Uno
Overview
ManufacturerFiat
ProductionFiat Uno: 1983-1995 (Italy)
1983-present (South America)
1995-2003 (Morocco)
"Novo" (New) Fiat Uno: 2010-present (South America)
AssemblyTurin, Italy
Cape Town, South Africa
Betim, Brazil
Bursa, Turkey
Manta, Ecuador[1]
Casablanca, Morocco (SOMACA)[2]
Buenos Aires, Argentina
Body and chassis
ClassSupermini
LayoutFF layout
Chronology
PredecessorFiat 127

The Fiat Uno is a supermini car produced by the Italian manufacturer Fiat. The Uno was launched in 1983 and built in its homeland until 1995, with production still taking place in other countries.

First series (1983–1989)

Fiat Uno
A first generation Fiat Uno
A first generation five door Uno
Rear view of three door first series Uno.
Rear view of three door first series Uno.
Overview
ManufacturerFiat
Also calledFiat Mille
Fiat Mille Way
Innocenti Mille
Innocenti Mille Clip
Production1983-1995 (Italy)
1995-2002 (Poland)
1995-2003 (Morocco)
1983-present (South America)
AssemblyTurin, Italy
Cape Town, South Africa
Betim, Brazil
Bursa, Turkey
Manta, Ecuador[1]
Casablanca, Morocco (SOMACA)[2]
DesignerGiorgetto Giugiaro
Body and chassis
ClassSupermini
Body style3-door hatchback
5-door hatchback
3-door panel van
LayoutFF layout
PlatformFiat Type One (Tipo Uno) platform[3]
RelatedFiat Duna
Fiat Elba
Fiat Fiorino 2nd series
Powertrain
EngineStraight-4
Transmission4 and 5-speed manual
Selecta CVT
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,362 mm (93.0 in)[4]
Length3,645–3,689 mm (143.5–145.2 in)
Width1,549–1,562 mm (61.0–61.5 in)
Height1,405–1,422 mm (55.3–56.0 in)
Curb weight711–910 kg (1,567–2,006 lb)
Chronology
PredecessorFiat 127
SuccessorFiat Punto (Europe)
Fiat Palio (South America/Asia)

The Uno was launched in January 1983[5]to replace the ageing Fiat 127. Designed by Giorgetto Giugiaro's ItalDesign company, its tall, square body utilising a Kamm tail achieved a low drag coefficient of 0.34 won it much praise for airy interior space and fuel economy. It incorporated many packaging lessons learnt from Giugiaro's 1978 Lancia Megagamma concept car (the first modern people carrier / MPV / mini-van) but miniaturised. Its tall car / high seating packaging is imitated by every small car today. It reversed the trend for lower and lower built cars. It showed that not just low sleek cars could be aerodynamic, but small, roomy, boxy well packaged cars could be too. In 1984 it was voted European Car of the Year.[6]

Initially, the Uno was offered with the 0.9 litre (903 cc) OHV, 1.1 litre (1116 cc), and 1.3 litre (1301 cc) 138-series SOHC petrol engines and transmissions carried over from the 127.[7] The 1.3 (1300 cc) diesel (not for the UK market) engine was launched a couple of months later. The Uno's badging was not by the commonly used measurement of engine size but by metric horsepower: 45, 55, 60, 75 or 90. The Uno was available as either a 3 or 5-door hatchback. It also featured ergonomic "pod" switchgear clusters each side of the main instrument binnacle, (that could be operated without removing the driver's hands from the steering wheel), although indicators remained on a stalk; an unusual arrangement similar to that used by Citroen.

The Uno had MacPherson strut independent front suspension and twist-beam rear suspension with telescopic dampers and coil springs.

From 1985, the 1.0 litre (999 cc) SOHC Fully Integrated Robotised Engine (FIRE) powerplant was offered. This was a lighter engine, built with fewer parts, and gave improved performance and economy. Also in 1985, the hot hatch version - Uno Turbo - was launched, with an IHI turbocharged Ritmo/Strada-derived 1.3 146-series engine, initially offering 105 PS (77 kW). It was priced to compete with the Peugeot 205 GTI.[7] The Turbo variant offered phenomenal performance for a supermini-sized car and was capable of reaching 210 km/h (130 mph).

In 1987, a 1.7 litre diesel engined version - the 60DS -was launched.

Also in 1987, the Uno Selecta continuously variable transmission (CVT) automatic was launched. The CVT transmission was a co-development with Dutch Van Doorne and Ford, (Fiat owned 24% stake of Van Doorne at that time).[7] The Selecta transmission should be avoided according to honestjohn.co.uk, which claims it can cause expensive repairs.[8]

Second series (1989–1995)

Rear view of second generation five door Uno
A second generation three door Uno

First shown at the Frankfurt Motor Show in September 1989, the Uno received a thorough facelift. The bodywork at the nose was updated and a different tailgate was fitted, improving the drag coefficient to Cd 0.30,[7] and matching the corporate look of the then new Fiat Tipo. The interior was also revised. The pod switchgear was replaced by stalks and an effort was made to stop the dashboard rattles of the Mark I. At this time, the old 1.1 litre engine was replaced by a new FIRE version, and a new Fiat Tipo-derived 1.4 litre (1,372 cc) engine replaced the Ritmo/Strada-derived 1.3 litre in both naturally aspirated and turbo versions. A 1.4 litre Uno Turbo could reach a claimed 204 km/h (127 mph),[9] while the 1.0 version only managed 140–145 km/h (87–90 mph) depending on which transmission was fitted.[10] The Uno Turbo i.e. variant was also restyled, upgraded with a Garret T2 turbine, Bosch LH Jetronic fuel injection and better aerodynamics.

Uno production ceased in Italy in 1995, with sales throughout Western Europe stopping at the same time. A total of 6,032,911 units were built in Fiat's Italian factories.[7] The Uno's replacement in Western Europe was the Fiat Punto, which was launched in late 1993.

Engines (series 1&2) [4][11]

Petrol

Engine Layout Displacement Valves Power Torque Production
1.0 45 Formula I4 903 cc 8 OHV 45 PS (33 kW) @ 5600 rpm 67 N⋅m (49 lb⋅ft) @ 3000 rpm 1984–1988
1.1 55 I4 1116 cc 8 SOHC 55 PS (40 kW) @ 5600 rpm 86 N⋅m (63 lb⋅ft) @ 2900 rpm 1984–1985
1.3 70 S/SX I4 1301 cc 8 SOHC 68 PS (50 kW) @ 5700 rpm 100 N⋅m (74 lb⋅ft) @ 2900 rpm 1984–1985
1.1 60 S/Family I4 1116 cc 8 SOHC 58 PS (43 kW) @ 5700 rpm 87 N⋅m (64 lb⋅ft) @ 3000 rpm 1985–1990
1.0 45 Fire I4 999 cc 8 SOHC 45 PS (33 kW) @ 5000 rpm 80 N⋅m (59 lb⋅ft) @ 2750 rpm 1985–1990
1.1 60 SX I4 1108 cc 8 SOHC 57 PS (42 kW) @ 5500 rpm 89 N⋅m (66 lb⋅ft) @ 3000 rpm 1989–1993
1.3 Turbo i.e. I4 1301 cc 8 SOHC 105 PS (77 kW) @5750 rpm 146 N⋅m (108 lb⋅ft) @ 3200 rpm 1985–1991
1.3 70 SX/SL I4 1301 cc 8 SOHC 65 PS (48 kW) @ 5600 rpm 100 N⋅m (74 lb⋅ft) @ 3000 rpm 1985–1990
1.0 45 i.e./i.e. Start I4 999 cc 8 SOHC 45 PS (33 kW) @ 5250 rpm 74 N⋅m (55 lb⋅ft) @ 3250 rpm 1990–1994
1.4 70 SX i.e. I4 1372 cc 8 SOHC 70 PS (51 kW) @ 6000 rpm 106 N⋅m (78 lb⋅ft) @ 3000 rpm 1990–1993
1.5 75 S i.e. CAT I4 1498 cc 8 SOHC 75 PS (55 kW) @ 5500 rpm 125 N⋅m (92 lb⋅ft) @ 2800 rpm 1987–1993
1.1 50 i.e. I4 1108 cc 8 SOHC 50 PS (37 kW) @ 5250 rpm 84 N⋅m (62 lb⋅ft) @ 3000 rpm 1991–1994
1.4 Turbo i.e. I4 1372 cc 8 SOHC 118 PS (87 kW) @ 6000 rpm 161 N⋅m (119 lb⋅ft) @ 3500 rpm 1991–1994

Diesel

Engine Layout Displacement Valves Power Torque Production
1.3D I4 1301 cc 8 SOHC 45 PS (33 kW) @ 4200 rpm 112 N⋅m (83 lb⋅ft) @ 2000 rpm 1983–1989
1.4 TD I4 1367 cc 8 SOHC 72 PS (53 kW) @ 4800 rpm 128 N⋅m (94 lb⋅ft) @ 2500 rpm 1986–1995
1.7 60D I4 1697 cc 8 SOHC 58 PS (43 kW) @ 4600 rpm 100 N⋅m (74 lb⋅ft) @ 2900 rpm 1986–1995

Continuing global production: 1995–present

Brazilian Innocenti Mille

After Western European production and sales ceased, the Uno continued to be manufactured and sold in many other regions.

South Africa

In South Africa, the Uno was assembled under licence by Nissan from 1990 until 1998 and then by Fiat from 1998 up until 2006. Unos manufactured by Nissan had the word "licence" underneath the Fiat badge on the rear end and models included the 1108 cc FIRE ,1372 cc PACER, PACER SX and 1372 cc TURBO. Later on there were also a number of special editions produced which included the Beat (1372 cc) , the Rio (1108 cc) and for a short period the Cento (999 cc). After Fiat re-entered the South African market in 1998 Unos were rebadged as either the (1108 cc) Mia or (1372 cc) Tempo. They also featured the Fiat centenary badge from that point on. By the time initial production of the Uno ended in 2006 only the (1108 cc) Mia was available for sale.[12][13] 110,000 units were produced between 1990 and 2002.

In 2007, the Fiat Uno was redesigned and it re-entered the South African new car market. The car was now marketed and distributed by Fiat themselves. The model line-up includes the Uno Way, which has a higher suspension than the regular Uno and colour-coded bumpers. It is based on the 1983-1990 design, and is powered by a 1.2-litre 4-cylinder petrol engine.[14]

Poland

Production in Fiat's factory in Poland ran until 2002. 173,382 units were built from June 1995 to October 2002.

Brazil

The car is still sold in Brazil in three versions: Mille Economy, Uno Furgão and Fiorino Furgão.

The Brazilian Uno featured an independent, transverse leaf spring suspension at the rear, based on the tried and tested Brazilian Fiat 147 (similar to the Italian Fiat 127). The design of the hood was also unique, since the Brazilian Uno kept the spare tire located in the engine bay, like the old Fiat 147, and saving extra space for the luggage in the trunk.

The Fiat Uno family, in Brazil, had a turbocharged 1.4-litre four inline sports version in the middle 1990s. This car was sold as a normal production vehicle with 1801 units produced.

From the end of the 1990s to the middle 2000s, the car was sold as the Fiat Mille, as a budget entry-level model, and received its most recent facelift for the 2004 model year. The 2005 Brazilian range has received a Flex Fuel system, enabling the car to use ethanol or gasoline as fuel, both pure or in any proportion mixture; also, there is a version fitted for unpaved roads called Mille Way, which includes a more resilient suspension, larger wheels and side cladding. From April 1988 until 2006, up to 2,000,000 Fiat Unos were made in Brazil.

The year 2010 reserved a surprise for Uno fans: Brazilian Fiat started the production of a new Uno - actually, a Brazilian version of the European Fiat Panda [citation needed], with two options of body (2 and 4 doors) and two kinds of Flex Fuel engine (1.0 and 1.4). But this new Uno is going to live together with the old one until 2014, when Brazilian's market will finally demand mandatory air bags in every new vehicle, and the 1980s design of the first Uno does not allow the installation of air bags[citation needed].

Engines

Petrol

Engine Layout Displacement Valves Power Torque Compression ratio Production
Mille[15][16] I4 994 cc 8 SOHC 48 PS (35 kW) at 5,700 rpm 7.4 kg⋅m (73 N⋅m; 54 lb⋅ft) at 3,000 rpm 8.5:1 1990.09-94
Mille Electronic[17] I4 994 cc 8 SOHC 56 PS (41 kW) at 6,000 rpm 8.2 kg⋅m (80 N⋅m; 59 lb⋅ft) at 3,250 rpm 9.5:1 1995
1.0 Fire Flex I4 999 cc 8 SOHC Petrol: 73 PS (54 kW)
Ethanol: 75 PS (55 kW) at 6,250 rpm 		Petrol: 9.5 kg⋅m (93 N⋅m; 69 lb⋅ft)
Ethanol: 9.9 kg⋅m (97 N⋅m; 72 lb⋅ft) at 4,500 rpm 		12.15:1 2005–present
1.3 CS, S[16] I4 1,297 cc 8 SOHC 58 PS (43 kW) at 5,200 rpm 10.0 kg⋅m (98 N⋅m; 72 lb⋅ft) at 3,000 rpm 8.0:1 1990.11-?
1.3 Fire Flex I4 1,242 cc 8 SOHC Petrol: 70 PS (51 kW)
Ethanol: 71 PS (52 kW) at 5,500 rpm 		Petrol: 11.4 kg⋅m (112 N⋅m; 82 lb⋅ft)
Ethanol: 11.6 kg⋅m (114 N⋅m; 84 lb⋅ft) at 2,500 rpm 		11.0:1 2005–present
1.5 i.e.[17] I4 1,497 cc 8 SOHC 67 PS (49 kW) at 5,000 rpm 12.0 kg⋅m (118 N⋅m; 87 lb⋅ft) at 3,000 rpm 8.5:1 1994-95
1.5R Sevel I4 1,498 cc 8 SOHC 85 PS (63 kW) at 5,500 rpm 135 kg⋅m (1,320 N⋅m; 980 lb⋅ft) at 3,000 rpm ??? 1987-89
1.5R Sevel - Ethanol I4 1,498 cc 8 SOHC 86 PS (63 kW) at 5,500 rpm 13.7 kg⋅m (134 N⋅m; 99 lb⋅ft) at 3,000 rpm ??? 1987-89
1.6R Sevel[16] I4 1,580 cc 8 SOHC Petrol: 84 PS (62 kW) at 5,700 rpm
Ethanol: 84 PS (62 kW) at 5,600 rpm 		Petrol: 13.2 kg⋅m (129 N⋅m; 95 lb⋅ft)
Ethanol: 13.7 kg⋅m (134 N⋅m; 99 lb⋅ft) at 3,250 rpm 		8.3:1 1990.11-92
1.6R MPI Sevel ACT I4 1,580 cc 8 SOHC 92 PS (68 kW) at 5,750 rpm 13 kg⋅m (130 N⋅m; 94 lb⋅ft) at 3,500 rpm 9.5:1 1993-95
1.4 Turbo i.e. I4 1,372 cc 8 SOHC 118 PS (87 kW) at 5,750 rpm 17.5 kg⋅m (172 N⋅m; 127 lb⋅ft) at 3,500 rpm 7.8:1 1994-95

Argentina

In Argentina, the 3-door Fiat Uno was produced by Sevel Argentina S.A. from March 1989 to 2000, 179,767 units were built. Engines ranged from a 1,049 cc 52 PS (38 kW) petrol four to a 1.6-liter, 87 PS (64 kW) SCV version on top, with a 1.3-liter 45 PS (33 kW) diesel engine also available.[16] A specific saloon version with four doors was also produced from 1988 to 2000. Called Duna or Elba, 257,259 units of this version were built in Fiat's Córdoba plant. In addition to 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, and 1.6-liter petrol versions, the diesel 1.3 was also available.

Pakistan

The Fiat Uno is also assembled from complete knock down (CKD) kits in Pakistan by Raja Motor Company. Production started in 2001 and continued until 2004 when the manufacturing plant had to be closed down. Only the diesel variant of the car was made available under the 1.7D model. Although large scale manufacturing of the car has ceased, stocks of CKD are still being assembled and sold at present.[18]

India

After an abortive launch in 1996 when its CKD joint partner PAL delivered only 617 cars of the 30,000 ordered,[19] Fiat started its venture as a 50-50 Industrial Joint Venture between Fiat Group Automobiles S. p. A. (Fiat) and Tata Motors Limited (who now own Jaguar-LandRover) in January 1997. At present the company employs about 600 employees in its Ranjangaon facility in the Pune District of Maharashtra.[20] The Uno was initially a success in India, but then it faded badly due to poor dealer support.[citation needed]

Morocco

The Fiat Uno was also assembled in Morocco until 2003 by SOMACA (Société Marocaine des Constructions Automobiles), and remains a popular choice of car for "petit-taxi" use.[21]

Sales performance

United Kingdom

The Uno was quite popular in Britain, with 190,000 Mark I examples sold from its launch there in June 1983, but just over 5,000 were reported to be in circulation by August 2006.[22]

New Zealand

The Uno was a surprise hit for Fiat in New Zealand, where a combination of low prices and well received styling saw over 1000 Unos a year being imported from Italy right up until the late 1980s, with the 3000th New Zealand Uno being celebrated in December 1988. Generally sold in 3 and 5-door hatchback form, a limited number of Fiorino panelvans and 3-door station wagons - badged as Fiat Penny - were also sold. A number of Unos sold in New Zealand were built to British specifications, which included a mile-per-hour speedometer.

Few Unos remain on New Zealand's roads however, with rust being the most common factor.[citation needed]

"Novo" Fiat Uno (2010-present)

"Novo" Fiat Uno
"Novo" Uno
Overview
Production2010-present
AssemblyBetim, Brasil
Body and chassis
ClassSupermini
Body style3-door hatchback
5-door hatchback
LayoutFF layout
PlatformFiat Mini platform
RelatedFiat Panda (2003)
Fiat 500 (2007)
Ford Ka
Powertrain
Engine1.0 Flex l4
1.4 EVO Flex l4
Transmission5-speed manual
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,376 mm (93.5 in)
Length3,770 mm (148 in)
Width1,640 mm (65 in)
Height1,490 mm (59 in)
Chronology
PredecessorFiat Mille (Brazil)

The Fiat Uno will make comeback as new project Progetto 327, the Brazilian-built "Novo Uno" (New Uno) was seen in the Fiat Group´s production plan for 2010-2014. The new Uno is engineered at Brazil and co-designed with Turin's Fiat Centro Stile, being basically a no frills version of the Fiat Panda monocoque, facelifted to better fit the Brazilian taste. The car has two options of engines: the 1.0 Fire Evo and the 1.4 Fire Evo, both able to use ethanol, gasoline or a mix of both fuels.[23]

It will be sold in several South American countries as well as Brazil, but it has yet to be confirmed whether this Uno will be sold in Europe.[24]

References

  1. ^ a b Larry Luxner (1996). "Exports, outer tariffs keep Ecuador car industry afloat". luxner.com. Ward's Automotive International. Retrieved 2009-06-19.
  2. ^ a b "Somaca Casablanca". Somaca.e-monsite.com. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  3. ^ "Fiat Type platform". Fiat-tipo-portugal.com. Retrieved 2010-09-30.
  4. ^ a b "Fiat Uno". carfolio.com. Retrieved 2007-10-15. Cite error: The named reference "carfolio.com" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  5. ^ [1]
  6. ^ "Previous_Cars". caroftheyear.org. Archived from the original on 2007-05-23. Retrieved 2007-07-29.
  7. ^ a b c d e "Fiat Uno". carsfromitaly.net. Retrieved 2007-07-29.
  8. ^ "Uno 1983 | FIAT | Car Reviews". Honest John. Retrieved 2010-09-06.
  9. ^ Mastrostefano, Raffaele, ed. (1990). Quattroruote: Tutte le Auto del Mondo 1990 (in Italian). Milano: Editoriale Domus S.p.A. p. 228.
  10. ^ Tutte le Auto del Mondo 1990, pp. 222-224
  11. ^ "Fiat Uno". fiatuno.pl. Retrieved 2007-10-24.
  12. ^ "Connexion D Fiat Uno/Nissan". berridge.dial.pipex.com. Retrieved 2007-07-29.
  13. ^ "Nissan and Fiat terminate assembly agreement". autoworld.co.za. Retrieved 2007-07-29. [dead link]
  14. ^ "Fiat Uno 2007 Model". fiat.co.za. Retrieved 2007-10-14.
  15. ^ Åhman, Michael, ed. (1991). Bilkatalogen 1992 (Swedish edition of German Auto Katalog). Borlänge, Sweden: Bilkatalogen AB. p. 55.
  16. ^ a b c d Quattroruote: Tutte le Auto del Mondo 1992. Milano: Editoriale Domus S.p.A. 1992. pp. 255–256.
  17. ^ a b Åhman, Michael, ed. (1994). Bilkatalogen 1995 (Swedish edition of German Auto Katalog). Borlänge, Sweden: Bilkatalogen AB. pp. 216–217.
  18. ^ "Fiat, GM to launch cars in Pakistan by June". atimes.com. Retrieved 2009-01-31.
  19. ^ "Fiat's Indian Journey".
  20. ^ "Fiat's Heritage Reveals its Glorious History".
  21. ^ "Industry: Renault buys more of Moroccan car firm". channel4.com. Archived from the original on 2007-10-26. Retrieved 2007-07-29.
  22. ^ "Motoring". independent.co.uk. London. 2007-04-10. Retrieved 2007-07-29.
  23. ^ "25.04.2010 FIRST DETAILS RELEASED OF BRAZILIAN BUILT "NOVO UNO"". www.italiaspeed.com/2010/cars/fiat/04/uno_brazil. Retrieved 2010-05-02.
  24. ^ "New Fiat Uno launched in Brazil". Auto Express. Retrieved 2010-09-06.
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