Flubendazole

Flubendazole
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com	International Drug Names
License data	US DailyMed: Flubendazole;
ATC code	P02CA05 (WHO) QP52AC12 (WHO);
Identifiers
	IUPAC name Methyl N-[6-(4-fluorobenzoyl)-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl]carbamate;
CAS Number	31430-15-6 ;
PubChem CID	35802;
DrugBank	DB08974 ;
ChemSpider	32932 ;
UNII	R8M46911LR;
KEGG	D04200 ;
ChEBI	CHEBI:77095 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL145946 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID8023058 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.046.007
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C16H12FN3O3
Molar mass	313.288 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
Melting point	243 °C (469 °F)
Solubility in water	10.0 ± 0.4 × 10−6 μg/mL (pH 1.6); 0.29 ± 0.06 × 10−6 μg/mL (pH 6.5) mg/mL (20 °C)
	SMILES COC(=O)Nc1[nH]c2ccc(cc2n1)C(=O)c3ccc(cc3)F;
	InChI InChI=1S/C16H12FN3O3/c1-23-16(22)20-15-18-12-7-4-10(8-13(12)19-15)14(21)9-2-5-11(17)6-3-9/h2-8H,1H3,(H2,18,19,20,22) ; Key:CPEUVMUXAHMANV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
	(what is this?) (verify)

Flubendazole is an anthelmintic, used both in humans and for veterinarian purposes. It is very close chemically to mebendazole, the only difference being an added fluorine group.^[2]

Human use

It is available for human use to treat worm infections. In certain countries such as France, it is inexpensive and available OTC (without prescription)^[3] under the brand name Fluvermal as an alternative to mebendazole which is not currently sold there.^[4]

Veterinarian use

Under veterinary use, its brand name is Flutelmium which is a paste manufactured by Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. used by veterinarians for protection against internal parasites and worms in dogs and cats. Other brand names are Flubenol, Biovermin, and Flumoxal.^[5]

Since 2000, Flubendazole-treated grit has increasingly been laid out on a landscape-scale across many UK grouse-shooting moors by gamekeepers in an attempt to reduce the impact on bird numbers from strongyle worm. Evidence of high worm burden is required before a veterinarian can dispense and sell the product, known as 'medicated grit'.^[6] However, there has been increasing concern about contaminants entering the ground waters running off from moorlands, as well as from its use in farming environments and its presence in manure. Researchers are starting to gather research evidence in order to inform policy development on the presence of this and other veterinary medicines in the wider environment.^[7]^[8]

References

^ ^a ^b Vasilev NA, Voronin AP, Surov AO, Perlovich GL (March 2023). "Influence of Co-amorphization on the Physical Stability and Dissolution Performance of an Anthelmintic Drug Flubendazole". Molecular Pharmaceutics. 20 (3): 1657–1669. doi:10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00873. PMID 36732935. S2CID 256546280.
^ Heyer F, Tourte-Schaeffer C, Ancelle T, Faurant C, Lapierre J (1 February 1982). "Le flubendazole : un progrès dans le traitement des helminthiases intestinales. A propos de 471 observations". Médecine et Maladies Infectieuses (in French). 12 (2): 57–61. doi:10.1016/S0399-077X(82)80047-4. ISSN 0399-077X.
^ "FLUVERMAL". VIDAL (in French). Retrieved 31 January 2023.
^ "VERMOX". VIDAL (in French).
^ US 5824336, Jozef EM, Gilis JP, "Chewable flubendazole tablets for companion animals", issued 20 October 1998, assigned to Jannsen Pharmaceuticals
^ "Best practice use of medicated grit". Game and Wildlife Conservation Trust. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
^ Kay P. "Analysis, occurrence and effects of flubendazole in moorland river catchments". www.nercdtp.leeds.ac.uk. Leeds York NERC Doctoral Training Partnership (DTP). Retrieved 11 January 2017.
^ Kreuzig R, Blümlein K, Höltge S (November 2007). "Fate of the Benzimidazole Antiparasitics Flubendazole and Fenbendazole in Manure and Manured Soils". CLEAN – Soil, Air, Water. 35 (5): 488–494. Bibcode:2007CSAW...35..488K. doi:10.1002/clen.200720023. Retrieved 11 January 2017.

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[Vasilev_2023-1] Vasilev NA, Voronin AP, Surov AO, Perlovich GL (March 2023). "Influence of Co-amorphization on the Physical Stability and Dissolution Performance of an Anthelmintic Drug Flubendazole". Molecular Pharmaceutics. 20 (3): 1657–1669. doi:10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00873. PMID 36732935. S2CID 256546280.

[2] Heyer F, Tourte-Schaeffer C, Ancelle T, Faurant C, Lapierre J (1 February 1982). "Le flubendazole : un progrès dans le traitement des helminthiases intestinales. A propos de 471 observations". Médecine et Maladies Infectieuses (in French). 12 (2): 57–61. doi:10.1016/S0399-077X(82)80047-4. ISSN 0399-077X.

[3] "FLUVERMAL". VIDAL (in French). Retrieved 31 January 2023.

[4] "VERMOX". VIDAL (in French).

[5] US 5824336, Jozef EM, Gilis JP, "Chewable flubendazole tablets for companion animals", issued 20 October 1998, assigned to Jannsen Pharmaceuticals

[6] "Best practice use of medicated grit". Game and Wildlife Conservation Trust. Retrieved 27 September 2016.

[7] Kay P. "Analysis, occurrence and effects of flubendazole in moorland river catchments". www.nercdtp.leeds.ac.uk. Leeds York NERC Doctoral Training Partnership (DTP). Retrieved 11 January 2017.

[8] Kreuzig R, Blümlein K, Höltge S (November 2007). "Fate of the Benzimidazole Antiparasitics Flubendazole and Fenbendazole in Manure and Manured Soils". CLEAN – Soil, Air, Water. 35 (5): 488–494. Bibcode:2007CSAW...35..488K. doi:10.1002/clen.200720023. Retrieved 11 January 2017.

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