GWR 5101 Class

This article is about the 140 locomotives built in 1929–49. For the 40 locomotives built in 1903–06, see GWR 5100 Class.

GWR 5101 Class
Preserved 5101 Class locomotive 4160 at Minehead, West Somerset Railway, painted in British Railways lined-green livery.
Type and origin Power type Steam Designer Charles Collett Builder GWR Swindon Works Build date 1929–1949 Total produced 140
Specifications Configuration: ​  • Whyte 2-6-2T Gauge 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge Leading dia. 3 ft 2 in (0.965 m) Driver dia. 5 ft 8 in (1.727 m) Trailing dia. 3 ft 8 in (1.118 m) Length 41 ft (12.50 m) Loco weight 78.45 long tons (79.71 t; 87.86 short tons) Fuel type Coal Fuel capacity 4.0 long tons (4.1 t; 4.5 short tons) Water cap. 2,000 imp gal (9,100 L; 2,400 US gal) Firebox: ​  • Grate area 20.35 sq ft (1.891 m2) Boiler GWR Number 2 Boiler pressure 200 psi (1,400 kPa) Heating surface: ​  • Firebox 121.8 sq ft (11.32 m2)  • Tubes and flues 1,144.94 sq ft (106.368 m2) Superheater: ​  • Heating area 82.2 sq ft (7.64 m2) Cylinders Two Cylinder size 18 in × 30 in (457 mm × 762 mm)
Performance figures Tractive effort 24,300 lbf (108 kN)
Career Class GWR 5101 Power class GWR D BR 4MT Axle load class GWR Blue Withdrawn December 1965 Disposition 8 preserved, 1 used for spares, 1 rebuilt to freelance; remainder scrapped

The GWR 5101 Class or Large Prairie was a class of 2-6-2T steam locomotives of the Great Western Railway.

History

The 5101 Class were medium-sized tank engines used for suburban and local passenger services all over the Great Western Railway system. The class was an updated version, by Collett, of Churchward's 1903 3100/5100 Class.

The original 40 members of the 3100 class were renumbered 5100 and 5111 to 5149 in 1927. The first batches of 5101s filled in the numbers 5101 to 5110 and extended the class from 5150 to 5189. They were little changed from the Churchward locomotives as they then were, but had an increased axle loading of 17 long tons 12 cwt (39,400 lb or 17.9 t); the maximum permitted for the ‘Blue’ route availability. Bunkers were of the standard Collett design with greater coal capacity. The 5100 number series was exhausted in 1934, and further new locomotives were numbered from 4100.

Improvement

5101 Class member 4176 banks a mixed-freight train up the bank towards Dainton tunnel, from Newton Abbot towards Plymouth on the Exeter to Plymouth Line in South Devon, 1961

In 1938, the GWR began a modernisation programme to the earlier locomotives, rebuilding them to provide greater availability and more tractive effort. This would allow them to undertake their original mixed-traffic duties on a wider selection of routes, as well as banking. The 3100 class were to be rebuilt as the 3500 class, with Standard Class 4 boilers at 225psi replacing the original Standard Class 2 at 200psi, and using coupled wheels of 5 feet 3 inches diameter, which in combination took tractive effort up to 31,170 pounds. Only five engines were rebuilt pre the onset of World War II. The last of the large prairie locomotives constructed were 4140 to 4179, built to the last GWR design by British Railways at Swindon.

As both freight and passenger traffic on branch lines declined post-World War II with increasing volumes of private motor cars, and replacement on urban services by diesel-powered rail cars, the bulk of the class found itself allocated to various mainline support duties, mainly banking and piloting, often on the South Devon Banks on the Exeter to Plymouth Line, or around the Severn Tunnel on the South Wales Main Line.

Accidents and incidents

• On 30 November 1948, locomotive 4150 was running round its train at Lapworth when it was in collision with a passenger train hauled by 5022 Wigmore Castle, which had overrun signals. Eight passengers were injured.

Preservation

5101 Class member 4137 pilots GWR 2884 Class 3848 on a coal train out of the Up Yard at Severn Tunnel Junction, heading towards the entrance to the Severn Tunnel, 1961. Although allocated to Severn Tunnel Junction 88E shed for its entire life, after withdrawal in 1964 4137 was scrapped in 1965 at the Steel Supply Co., Jersey Marine.

A number of the class - 4110, 4115, 4121, 4144, 4150, 4156 and 4160 - ended their operational lives allocated to the major locomotive shed (88E) at Severn Tunnel Junction, undertaking piloting and banking duties through both the Severn Tunnel and the associated goods yard. Assistance was needed by all heavy trains through the Severn Tunnel, which entailed: 3.5 miles (5.6 km) of 1-in-90 down to the middle of the tunnel; then a further 3.5 miles (5.6 km) at 1-in-100 up to Pilning; a short level then 3.5 miles (5.6 km) more at 1-in-100 to Patchway. However, the pilot locomotive usually came off at Pilning.

All were withdrawn by June 1965, and subsequently sold for scrap to Woodham Brothers. Woodham's had prioritised processing for scrap the easier to handle former coal wagons over the more complex steam locomotives, giving rise to the large number of retained steam locomotives at Barry Island into the late 1970s. However, following a period of theft from the yard and BR being unable to offer any quantity of redundant wagons, rather than lay off staff, in summer 1980 Dai Woodham authorized the scrapping of two steam locomotives, BR Standard Class 9F No. 92085, and 5101 class No.4156. By August, more former steel coal wagons had been delivered to the yard, making 4156 and 92085 the last locomotives to be broken up at Barry.

The rest of the former Severn Tunnel Junction locomotives now form the bulk of the ten class members that have subsequently been bought for preservation. Eight are in various states or preservation or operation, whilst two have acted as donor locomotive for other projects:

Number	Owner	Current Location	Status	Notes	Image
5164	5164 Preservation Group	Barrow Hill Engine Shed	Boiler certificate expired 5 January 2014	Normally located at the Severn Valley Railway, currently on display at Barrow Hill MPD for at least 12 months.
5193	West Somerset Railway plc	West Somerset Railway	Rebuilt as GWR 4300 Class, No.9351. Currently under overhaul	Originally built in 1934, withdrawn in 1962 and recovered from Woodham Brothers scrapyard in 1979. Rebuilt by the West Somerset Railway into a 2-6-0 resembling a small boilered version of the GWR 4300 Class: remove the water tanks; remove whole rear of the locomotive including the rear of the frames, trailing wheels and fuel bunker; add tender. Renumbered 9351.
5199	Llangollen Railway	Llangollen Railway	Operational	Overhaul completed 23 November 2014
4110	West Somerset Railway plc	West Somerset Railway	Unrestored	Sold in May 2015 by GWR Preservation Group Limited of Southall Railway Centre to WSR plc. Moved to Minehead 16 June 2015.
4115	Great Western Society	Didcot Railway Centre	Donor locomotive	Built October 1936, withdrawn from service in June 1965. One of the "Barry Ten", she was sold to the Great Western Society, Didcot in 2010, to act as a donor locomotive for the creation of two new locomotives: GWR 4700 Class 2-8-0 No. 4709, to which it will donate: front end extension frames and cylinder sub-assembly; six of the eight 5 ft 8in driving wheels required; frame stays; footplate supports; brake hangers; vacuum brake cylinder and reservoir; weighshaft and bearings GWR 2221 Class County Tank 4-4-2T, to which it will donate its boiler.
4121		Tyseley Locomotive Works	Unrestored, partially stripped	Stored at Tyseley in a partially stripped down state
4141		Epping Ongar Railway	Operational	Returned to steam in 2012 after an overhaul, but currently out of service awaiting boiler repairs.
4144	Great Western Society	Didcot Railway Centre	Operational	Returned to steam in 2015 after an overhaul
4150	4150 fund	Severn Valley Railway	Restoration in progress
4160	4160 Ltd	Llangollen Railway	Under Overhaul	Overhauled in 2007, operated on the West Somerset Railway. Until recently West Somerset Railway Association had a 28% share, but in late Autumn 2015 two long standing directors of 4160 Ltd purchased the holding. Sent to the Llangollen Railway in January 2016 for overhaul

Models

Graham Farish manufacture a model of the Large Prairie in N scale.

See also

• GWR 3100/5100 Class (1906)
• GWR 3150 Class
• GWR 6100 Class
• GWR 3100 Class (1938)
• GWR 8100 Class

External links

• 5101 tank class
• 4144 - 2-6-2T
• The 4150 Fund
• The 5164 Website
• 4160 History