List of possible dwarf planets

It is estimated that there may be 200 dwarf planets in the Kuiper belt of the outer Solar System^[1] and possibly more than 10,000 in the region beyond.^[2] The International Astronomical Union (IAU) has accepted four: Pluto, Eris, Haumea, and Makemake, as well as Ceres in the inner Solar System.

IAU naming procedures

In 2008, the IAU modified its naming procedures such that objects considered most likely to be dwarf planets receive differing treatment than others. Objects that have an absolute magnitude (H) less than +1, and hence a minimum diameter of 838 kilometres (521 mi) if the albedo is below 100%,^[3] are overseen by two naming committees, one for minor planets and one for planets. Once named, the objects are declared to be dwarf planets. Makemake and Haumea are the only objects to have proceeded through the naming process as presumed dwarf planets; currently there are no other bodies that meet this criterion. All other bodies are named by the minor-planet naming committee alone, and the IAU has not stated how or if they will be accepted as dwarf planets.

Limiting values

Calculation of the diameter of Ixion depends on the albedo (the fraction of light that it reflects), which is currently unknown.

The qualifying feature of a dwarf planet is that it "has sufficient mass for its self-gravity to overcome rigid-body forces so that it assumes a hydrostatic equilibrium (nearly round) shape".^[4]^[5]^[6] Current observations are generally insufficient for a direct determination as to whether a body meets this definition. Also, a dwarf planet may not be the satellite of another body, even though several moons (such as Titan) are larger than the recognized dwarf planets.

Based on a comparison with the icy moons that have been visited by spacecraft, such as Mimas (round at 400 km in diameter) and Proteus (irregular at 410–440 km in diameter), Michael Brown estimated that an icy body relaxes into hydrostatic equilibrium at a diameter somewhere between 200 and 400 km.^[1]

Ceres is thought to be the only dwarf planet in the asteroid belt. 4 Vesta, the second-most-massive asteroid, appears to have a fully differentiated interior and was therefore in equilibrium at some point in its history, but it is not today.^[7] The third-most massive object, 2 Pallas, has a somewhat irregular surface and is thought to have only a partially differentiated interior. Brown has estimated that, because rocky objects are more rigid than icy objects, rocky objects below 900 kilometres (560 mi) in diameter may not be in hydrostatic equilibrium and thus not dwarf planets.^[1]

After Brown and Tancredi made their calculations, it was discovered that Iapetus (1,470 km in diameter) and the smaller moons of Saturn down to Mimas with well-determined shapes are not in hydrostatic equilibrium as had been thought. They have a hydrostatic shape that froze in some time ago and that does not match the shape an equilibrium body would have at their current rotation rates.^[8] Ceres, at 950 km, is the smallest body for which detailed measurements are consistent with hydrostatic equilibrium.^[9] It is not clear whether trans-Neptunian objects would behave more like Ceres or Iapetus; thus, some or all trans-Neptunian dwarf planets smaller than Pluto and Eris might not actually be in equilibrium.^{[citation needed]} The IAU has not addressed the issue since these findings.

Tancredi's assessment

In 2010, Gonzalo Tancredi presented a report to the IAU evaluating a list of 46 candidates for dwarf-planet status based on light-curve-amplitude analysis and the assumption that the object was more than 450 kilometres (280 mi) in diameter. Some diameters are measured, some are best-fit estimates, and others use an assumed albedo of 0.10. Of these, he identified 15 as dwarf planets by his criteria (including the four accepted by the IAU), with another nine being considered possible. To be cautious, he advised the IAU to "officially" accept as dwarf planets the top three not yet accepted: Sedna, Orcus, and Quaoar.^[10] Although the IAU had anticipated Tancredi's recommendations, as of 2013, they have not responded.

Brown's assessment

Brown's categories	Min. ⌀	Number of objects
nearly certainly	>900 km	10
highly likely	600–900 km	16
likely	500–600 km	38
probably	400–500 km	63
possibly	200–400 km	534
Source: Mike Brown,^[11] as of Jun 21, 2018. (Summary figures differ on M. Brown's website using a cumulative count).

Mike Brown considers a large number of trans-Neptunian bodies, ranked by estimated size, to be "probably" dwarf planets.^[11] He did not consider asteroids, stating "In the asteroid belt Ceres, with a diameter of 900 km, is the only object large enough to be round".^[11]

The terms for varying degrees of likelihood he split these into:

Near certainty: diameter estimated/measured to be over 900 kilometres (560 mi). Sufficient confidence to say these must be in hydrostatic equilibrium, even if predominantly rocky.
Highly likely: diameter estimated/measured to be over 600 kilometres (370 mi). The size would have to be "grossly in error" or they would have to be primarily rocky to not be dwarf planets.
Likely: diameter estimated/measured to be over 500 kilometres (310 mi). Uncertainties in measurement mean that some of these will be significantly smaller and thus doubtful.
Probably: diameter estimated/measured to be over 400 kilometres (250 mi). Expected to be dwarf planets, if they are icy, and that figure is correct.
Possibly: diameter estimated/measured to be over 200 kilometres (120 mi). Icy moons transition from a round to irregular shape in the 200–400 km range, suggesting that the same figure holds true for KBOs. Thus, some of these objects could be dwarf planets.
Probably not: diameter estimated/measured to be under 200 km. No icy moon under 200 km is round, suggesting that the same is true for KBOs. The estimated size of these objects would have to be in error for them to be dwarf planets.

Likeliest dwarf planets

The following trans-Neptunian objects have estimated diameters at least 300 kilometres (190 mi) and so may be dwarf planets. Not all bodies estimated to be this size are included. The list is complicated by bodies such as 47171 Lempo that were at first assumed to be large single objects but later discovered to be binary or triple systems of smaller bodies.^[12] The dwarf planet Ceres is added for comparison.

The default sort is per Brown's size estimate. The IAU-recognised dwarf planets have bold names. Brown's diameter estimates are in red when they are based upon an assumed albedo. Explanations and sources for the measured masses and diameters can be found in the corresponding articles linked in column "Designation" of the table.

Designation	Per Brown^[11]			Measured			per measured	Diameter per assumed albedo		Result per Tancredi^[10]	Category	Best^[a] diameter km
Designation	H	Diameter^[b] (km)	Geometric albedo (%)	Mass (10¹⁸ kg)	H ^[13]^[14]	Diameter (km)	Geometric albedo^[c] (%)	Small albedo=100% (km)	Large albedo=4% (km)	Result per Tancredi^[10]	Category	Best^[a] diameter km
136199 Eris	−1.1	2330	99	16700	−1.1	2326±12	90	2206	11028	accepted (measured)	SDO	2326
134340 Pluto	−0.7	2329	64	13030	−0.76	2376±3.2	63	1886	9430	accepted (measured)	2:3 resonant	2376
136472 Makemake	0.1	1426	81		−0.2	1430±14	104	1457	7286	accepted	cubewano	1430
(225088) 2007 OR10	2	1290	19		1.8	1535+75 −225	14	580	2901		SDO	1535
136108 Haumea	0.4	1252	80	4000	0.2	1632±51	55	1212	6060	accepted	cubewano	1632
50000 Quaoar	2.7	1092	13	1400	2.82	1110±5	11	363	1813	accepted (and recommended)	cubewano	1110
90377 Sedna	1.8	1041	32		1.83	995±80	33	572	2861	accepted (and recommended)	detached	995
90482 Orcus	2.3	983	23	580	2.31	917±25	25	459	2293	accepted (and recommended)	2:3 resonant	917
(307261) 2002 MS4	4	960	5		3.6	934±47	7	253	1266		cubewano	934
1 Ceres				939	3.36	946±2	9	283	1414		asteroid belt	946
120347 Salacia	4.2	921	4	450	4.25	854±45	5	188	939	possible	cubewano	854
(208996) 2003 AZ84	3.7	747	11		3.74	727+62 −67	11	237	1187	accepted	2:3 resonant	727
2013 FY27	3.5	721	14		3.15	740+90 −85	18	312	1558		SDO	740
(55637) 2002 UX25	3.9	704	11	125	3.87	665±29	11	224	1118		3:5 resonant	665
(90568) 2004 GV9	4.2	703	8		4.25	680±34	8	188	939	accepted	3:5 resonant	680
20000 Varuna	4.1	698	9		3.76	668+154 −86	12	235	1176	accepted	cubewano	668
(145452) 2005 RN43	3.9	697	11		3.89	679+55 −73	11	222	1108	possible	cubewano	679
(55565) 2002 AW197	3.8	693	12		3.3	768+39 −38	14	291	1454	accepted	cubewano	768
174567 Varda	3.7	689	13	265	3.61	705+81 −75	13	252	1260	possible	cubewano	705
28978 Ixion	3.8	674	12		3.83	617+19 −20	14	228	1139	accepted	2:3 resonant	617
(202421) 2005 UQ513	4	643	11		3.5	498+63 −75	28	265	1326		cubewano	498
2014 UZ224	4	643	11		3.5	635+65 −72	17	265	1326		SDO	635
(523794) 2015 RR245	4.2	615	10		3.8			231	1155		SDO	615
(523692) 2014 EZ51	4.2	615	10		3.8			231	1155		detached	615
2010 RF43	4.2	615	10		3.9			221	1103		SDO	615
(229762) 2007 UK126	3.7	612	17		3.69	614+15 −15	16	243	1215		SDO	614
19521 Chaos	5	612	5		4.8	600+140 −130	6	146	729		cubewano	600
(84522) 2002 TC302	4.2	591	12		3.9	584+106 −88	14	221	1103		2:5 resonant	584
2015 KH162	4.4	587	10		4.1			201	1006		detached	587
(78799) 2002 XW93	5.4	584	4		5.5			106	528		SDO	584
2010 JO179	4.5	574	9		4			211	1053		SDO	574
2010 KZ39	4.5	574	9		4			211	1053		cubewano	574
(523759) 2014 WK509	4.5	574	9		4.4			175	876		detached	574
2012 VP113	4.5	574	9		4			211	1053		detached	574
2017 OF69					4.6			160	799		2:3 resonant	565
2002 XV93	5.4	564	4		5.42	549+22 −23	4	110	548		2:3 resonant	549
(42301) 2001 UR163	4.6	561	9		4.1			201	1006	possible	SDO	561
(523639) 2010 RE64	4.6	561	9		4.4			175	876		SDO	561
2004 XR190	4.6	561	9		4.3			183	917		detached	561
(523671) 2013 FZ27	4.6	561	9		4.4			175	876		1:2 resonant	561
2014 AN55	4.6	561	9		4.1			201	1006		SDO	561
2008 ST291	4.6	549	9		4.2			192	960		detached	549
2010 FX86	4.6	549	9		4.7			153	763		cubewano	549
(230965) 2004 XA192	4.6	549	9		4.2	339+120 −95	32	192	960		1:2 resonant	339
(84922) 2003 VS2	4.1	537	15		4.1	523+35 −34	15	201	1006	not accepted	2:3 resonant	523
(455502) 2003 UZ413	4.7	536	8		4.3			183	917		2:3 resonant	536
(120348) 2004 TY364	4.7	536	8		4.52	512+37 −40	10	166	829	not accepted	2:3 resonant	512
2006 QH181	4.7	536	8		4.3			183	917		SDO	536
2014 YA50	4.7	536	8		4.6			160	799		cubewano	536
2015 BP519	4.8	524	8		4.4			175	876		SDO	524
(482824) 2013 XC26	4.8	524	8		4.4			175	876		3:5 resonant	524
(145451) 2005 RM43	4.8	524	8		4.4			175	876	possible	SDO	524
(470443) 2007 XV50	4.8	524	8		4.4			175	876		cubewano	524
(470308) 2007 JH43	4.9	513	8		4.5			167	837		2:3 resonant	513
(278361) 2007 JJ43	4.9	513	8		4.5			167	837		cubewano	513
(82075) 2000 YW134	4.9	513	8		4.5			167	837		detached	513
(523681) 2014 BV64	4.9	513	8		4.7			153	763		cubewano	513
2014 FC72	4.9	513	8		4.7			153	763		detached	513
2014 HA200	4.9	513	8		4.7			153	763		SDO	513
2015 BZ518	4.9	513	8		4.7			153	763		cubewano	513
2014 WP509	4.9	513	8		4.5			167	837		cubewano	513
(523742) 2014 TZ85	5	501	7		4.8			146	729		4:7 resonant	501
2014 FC69	5	501	7		4.6			160	799		detached	501
2013 AT183	5	501	7		4.6			160	799		SDO	501
(499514) 2010 OO127	5	501	7		4.6			160	799		3:5 resonant	501
(523645) 2010 VK201	5	501	7		5			133	665		cubewano	501
(315530) 2008 AP129	5.1	490	7		4.7			153	763		cubewano	490
(470599) 2008 OG19	5.1	490	7		4.7			153	763		SDO	490
(523635) 2010 DN93	5.1	490	7		4.8			146	729		detached	490
(444030) 2004 NT33	5.1	490	7		4.8	423+87 −80	12	146	729		4:7 resonant	423
2003 QX113	5.1	490	7		4.7			153	763		SDO	490
2003 UA414	5.1	490	7		5			133	665		SDO	490
(119979) 2002 WC19	5.1	490	7		4.7			153	763		1:2 resonant	490
(523693) 2014 FT71	5.1	490	7		5			133	665		4:7 resonant	490
(472271) 2014 UM33	5.1	490	7		4.7			153	763		cubewano	490
(175113) 2004 PF115	4.5	482	12		4.54	406+98 −75	16	164	821		2:3 resonant	406
2011 FW62	5.2	481	7		5			133	665		2:3 resonant	481
(307982) 2004 PG115	5.2	479	7		4.8			146	729		SDO	479
(48639) 1995 TL8	5.2	479	7		4.8			146	729		TNO	479
(523752) 2014 VU37	5.2	479	7		5.1			127	635		cubewano	479
(495603) 2015 AM281	5.2	479	7		4.8			146	729		detached	479
2014 HZ199	5.2	479	7		5			133	665		cubewano	479
2014 BZ57	5.2	479	7		5			133	665		cubewano	479
471143 Dziewanna	3.8	475	25		3.8	470+35 −10	24	231	1155		SDO	470
(26375) 1999 DE9	5.2	474	7		4.9	461±45	9	139	696	possible	2:5 resonant	461
(35671) 1998 SN165	5.7	473	4		5.5	393+39 −38	7	106	528		cubewano	393
(145480) 2005 TB190	4.4	469	15		4.4	464±62	14	175	876		detached	464
2011 WJ157	5.3	468	7		5			133	665		SDO	468
2010 RF188	5.3	468	7		4.9			139	696		SDO	468
(26181) 1996 GQ21	5.3	468	7		4.9			139	696		SDO	468
(119951) 2002 KX14	4.9	468	10		4.86	445±27	10	142	709		2:3 resonant	445
2013 FS28	5.3	468	7		4.9			139	696		SDO	468
2014 JP80	5.3	468	7		5.1			127	635		2:3 resonant	468
2014 JR80	5.3	468	7		5.1			127	635		2:3 resonant	468
2015 AJ281	5.3	468	7		5			133	665		cubewano	468
(523750) 2014 US224	5.3	468	7		5			133	665		cubewano	468
(523757) 2014 WH509	5.3	468	7		5.2			121	606		cubewano	468
(120132) 2003 FY128	5.1	467	8		4.6	460±21	12	160	799		SDO	460
38628 Huya	5	466	8		5.04	406±16	10	130	652	accepted	2:3 resonant	406
(84719) 2002 VR128	5.6	459	5		5.58	449+42 −43	5	102	509		2:3 resonant	449
(307616) 2003 QW90	5.4	457	6		5			133	665		cubewano	457
(469306) 1999 CD158	5.4	457	6		5			133	665		4:7 resonant	457
2010 RF64	5.4	457	6		5.7			96	481		cubewano	457
(523640) 2010 RO64	5.4	457	6		5.2			121	606		cubewano	457
2010 TJ	5.4	457	6		5.8			92	460		SDO	457
(523653) 2011 OA60	5.4	457	6		5.1			127	635		cubewano	457
(445473) 2010 VZ98	5.4	457	6		4.8			146	729		SDO	457
(308379) 2005 RS43	5.4	457	6		5			133	665		1:2 resonant	457
2010 ER65	5.4	457	6		5.2			121	606		detached	457
(523772) 2014 XR40	5.4	457	6		5.2			121	606		cubewano	457
2014 OJ394	5.4	457	6		5.1			127	635		detached	457
2014 QW441	5.4	457	6		5.2			121	606		cubewano	457
2014 AM55	5.4	457	6		5.2			121	606		cubewano	457
2003 QX111	6.8	453	2		6.6			64	318		2:3 resonant	453
(471137) 2010 ET65	5.5	447	6		5.1			127	635		SDO	447
2010 EL139	5.5	447	6		5.6			101	504		2:3 resonant	447
(471288) 2011 GM27	5.5	447	6		5.1			127	635		cubewano	447
(471165) 2010 HE79	5.5	447	6		5.1			127	635		2:3 resonant	447
2014 CO23	5.5	447	6		5.3			116	579		4:7 resonant	447
(523690) 2014 DN143	5.5	447	6		5.3			116	579		cubewano	447
2013 HV156	5.5	447	6		5.2			121	606		1:2 resonant	447
2014 FY71	5.5	447	6		5.4			111	553		4:7 resonant	447
(523773) 2014 XS40	5.5	447	6		5.4			111	553		3:5 resonant	447
2014 XY40	5.5	447	6		5.1			127	635		cubewano	447
2015 AH281	5.5	447	6		5.1			127	635		cubewano	447
(523738) 2014 SH349	5.5	447	6		5.4			111	553		cubewano	447
(469372) 2001 QF298	5.4	421	7		5.43	408+40 −45	7	109	545		2:3 resonant	408
(303775) 2005 QU182	3.8	415	33		3.8	416±73	31	231	1155		SDO	416
(144897) 2004 UX10	4.8	409	14		4.75	361+124 −94	17	149	746	possible	2:3 resonant	361
2015 TG387					5.3			116	579		detached	409
(437915) 2002 GD32	6.1	391	4		5.9			88	439		cubewano	391
(469333) 2000 PE30	6.2	375	4		5.9			88	439		SDO	375
2002 CY248	5.6	373	8		5.2			121	606		cubewano	373
(523601) 2003 UY413	5.6	373	8		5.4			111	553		cubewano	373
2005 CA79	5.6	373	8		5.2			121	606		1:2 resonant	373
2008 UA332	5.6	373	8		5.2			121	606		cubewano	373
(471318) 2011 JF31	5.6	373	8		5.2			121	606		cubewano	373
(495613) 2015 FG345	5.6	373	8		5.2			121	606		3:5 resonant	373
(523780) 2015 AN281	5.6	373	8		5.2			121	606		3:5 resonant	373
2017 FO161	5.6	373	8		5.2			121	606		SDO	373
2014 SV349	5.6	373	8		5.2			121	606		SDO	373
(523777) 2014 YF50	5.6	373	8		5.4			111	553		SDO	373
(523769) 2014 WS510	5.6	373	8		5.6			101	504		2:5 resonant	373
2014 WW509	5.6	373	8		5.2			121	606		3:5 resonant	373
(523763) 2014 WZ509	5.6	373	8		5.5			106	528		cubewano	373
2014 GX53	5.6	373	8		5.4			111	553		cubewano	373
2014 LO28	5.6	373	8		5.4			111	553		cubewano	373
2013 JW63	5.6	373	8		5.2			121	606		SDO	373
2013 AP183	5.6	373	8		5.2			121	606		SDO	373
(471921) 2013 FC28	5.6	373	8		5.2			121	606		cubewano	373
2012 JH67	5.6	373	8		5.2			121	606		1:2 resonant	373
2010 TR19	5.6	367	8		5.4			111	553		SDO	367
(168703) 2000 GP183	6.3	359	4		6			84	419		cubewano	359
1999 CL119	6.3	359	4		6			84	419		cubewano	359
2002 PJ149	5.7	358	8		5.3			116	579		cubewano	358
2010 JK124	5.7	358	8		5.3			116	579		cubewano	358
2010 MQ116	5.7	358	8		5.3			116	579		cubewano	358
(471196) 2010 PK66	5.7	358	8		5.3			116	579		cubewano	358
(523659) 2012 HG84	5.7	358	8		5.4			111	553		cubewano	358
(471210) 2010 VW11	5.7	358	8		5.3			116	579		SDO	358
2010 VQ11	5.7	358	8		5.6			101	504		cubewano	358
(312645) 2010 EP65	5.7	358	8		5.3			116	579		1:2 resonant	358
(523617) 2007 PS45	5.7	358	8		5.6			101	504		1:2 resonant	358
(444745) 2007 JF43	5.7	358	8		5.3			116	579		2:3 resonant	358
(523687) 2014 DF143	5.7	358	8		5.5			106	528		cubewano	358
(523688) 2014 DK143	5.7	358	8		5.5			106	528		3:5 resonant	358
2013 HU156	5.7	358	8		5.5			106	528		2:3 resonant	358
2014 OD394	5.7	358	8		5.3			116	579		cubewano	358
(523768) 2014 WQ510	5.7	358	8		5.6			101	504		2:3 resonant	358
(493480) 2014 YZ49	5.7	358	8		5.3			116	579		cubewano	358
2014 YE50	5.7	358	8		5.3			116	579		SDO	358
(523736) 2014 QA442	5.7	358	8		5.5			106	528		cubewano	358
(523749) 2014 UR224	5.7	358	8		5.5			106	528		TNO	358
2015 BX518	5.7	358	8		5.6			101	504		cubewano	358
2015 VG168					5.6			101	504		SDO	356
2015 DU249					5.6			101	504		SDO	356
2000 CQ105	6.4	344	4		6.1			80	400		SDO	344
(15874) 1996 TL66	5.4	344	11		5.3	339±20	12	116	579	accepted	SDO	339
2000 KK4	6.4	344	4		6.1			80	400		cubewano	344
2001 QX322	6.4	344	4		6.1			80	400		SDO	344
2001 QS297	5.7	343	8		5.4			111	553		cubewano	343
2010 VW224	5.7	343	8		5.4			111	553		4:7 resonant	343
(470596) 2008 NW4	5.7	343	8		5.4			111	553		cubewano	343
2010 RN64	5.7	343	8		5.5			106	528		cubewano	343
(523758) 2014 WJ509	5.7	343	8		5.6			101	504		cubewano	343
(483002) 2014 QS441	5.7	343	8		5.4			111	553		cubewano	343
2014 UN225	5.7	343	8		5.4			111	553		SDO	343
(523735) 2014 QX441	5.7	343	8		5.5			106	528		2:3 resonant	343
2014 QY441	5.7	343	8		5.7			96	481		cubewano	343
2014 EA52	5.7	343	8		5.4			111	553		cubewano	343
2014 GT53	5.7	343	8		5.4			111	553		cubewano	343
(523680) 2013 YJ151	5.7	343	8		5.6			101	504		detached	343
(471954) 2013 RM98	5.7	343	8		5.4			111	553		cubewano	343
2014 DM143	5.7	343	8		5.4			111	553		cubewano	343
(523691) 2014 DO143	5.7	343	8		5.7			96	481		cubewano	343
(523684) 2014 CQ23	5.7	343	8		5.7			96	481		cubewano	343
(523674) 2013 MA12	5.7	343	8		5.6			101	504		cubewano	343
(523675) 2013 PV74	5.7	343	8		5.6			101	504		TNO	343
(135182) 2001 QT322	6.4	342	4		6.2			76	382		cubewano	342
(82158) 2001 FP185	6.4	336	5		6.38	332+31 −24	4	70	352		SDO	332
(82155) 2001 FZ173	6.5	330	4		6.1			80	400		SDO	330
(523622) 2007 TG422	6.5	330	4		6.5			67	333		SDO	330
(305543) 2008 QY40	5.8	329	8		5.5			106	528		SDO	329
(523624) 2008 CT190	5.8	329	8		5.8			92	460		SDO	329
(523643) 2010 TY53	5.8	329	8		5.7			96	481		2:3 resonant	329
2002 GH32	5.8	329	8		6.7			61	304		3:5 resonant	329
(126154) 2001 YH140	5.8	329	8		5.8	345±45	7	92	460		3:5 resonant	345
2002 XH91	5.8	329	8		5.5			106	528		4:7 resonant	329
2013 CD223	5.8	329	8		5.5			106	528		2:3 resonant	329
2014 DR143	5.8	329	8		5.5			106	528		2:3 resonant	329
(523712) 2014 JS80	5.8	329	8		5.8			92	460		cubewano	329
(501546) 2014 JJ80	5.8	329	8		5.5			106	528		SDO	329
2014 JM80	5.8	329	8		5.5			106	528		detached	329
(523722) 2014 LV28	5.8	329	8		5.7			96	481		SDO	329
2014 JW80	5.8	329	8		5.5			106	528		SDO	329
(523723) 2014 MY69	5.8	329	8		5.8			92	460		cubewano	329
2014 WG509	5.8	329	8		5.5			106	528		3:5 resonant	329
(523760) 2014 WQ509	5.8	329	8		5.7			96	481		2:3 resonant	329
(487581) 2015 BE519	5.8	329	8		5.5			106	528		cubewano	329
2015 KF172	5.8	329	8		5.5			106	528		SDO	329
2015 VJ168					5.8			92	460		SDO	325
2015 GN55					5.8			92	460		2:5 resonant	325
2001 KA77	5.6	324	10		5			133	665		cubewano	324
(307251) 2002 KW14	5.9	322	8		5.6			101	504		cubewano	322
2001 QC298	6.6	316	4		6.3			73	365		cubewano	316
(148209) 2000 CR105	6.6	316	4		6.3			73	365		detached	316
2005 SD278	6.6	316	4		6.3			73	365		2:5 resonant	316
(470316) 2007 OC10	5.4	315	13		5			133	665		SDO	315
2007 JF45	5.9	315	8		5.9			88	439		2:3 resonant	315
(523627) 2008 QB43	5.9	315	8		6			84	419		cubewano	315
2010 VR11	5.9	315	8		5.7			96	481		cubewano	315
2012 BW154	5.9	315	8		5.6			101	504		cubewano	315
2011 HP83	5.9	315	8		5.6			101	504		SDO	315
(469421) 2001 XD255	5.9	315	8		5.6			101	504		2:3 resonant	315
2015 FL345	5.9	315	8		5.6			101	504		cubewano	315
2014 WY509	5.9	315	8		5.6			101	504		cubewano	315
(523778) 2014 YK50	5.9	315	8		5.9			88	439		SDO	315
2014 UO224	5.9	315	8		5.7			96	481		cubewano	315
2014 MH70	5.9	315	8		5.6			101	504		2:3 resonant	315
(505624) 2014 GU53	5.9	315	8		5.6			101	504		4:7 resonant	315
(523696) 2014 GW53	5.9	315	8		5.5			106	528		cubewano	315
2014 FJ72	5.9	315	8		5.6			101	504		SDO	315
2014 BX64	5.9	315	8		5.8			92	460		cubewano	315
2012 XR157	5.9	315	8		6.3			73	365		1:2 resonant	315
2013 FH28	5.9	315	8		6.5			67	333		cubewano	315
2015 VO166					5.9			88	439		SDO	310
2014 OE394	5	304	20		4.8			146	729		cubewano	304
2004 OJ14	6.7	303	4		6.4			70	349		2:5 resonant	303
(143707) 2003 UY117	6	302	8		5.7			96	481		2:5 resonant	302
2003 UB292	6	302	8		5.7			96	481		cubewano	302
2001 RU143	6	302	8		5.7			96	481		2:3 resonant	302
(79978) 1999 CC158	6	302	8		5.7			96	481		SDO	302
2011 UT410	6	302	8		5.7			96	481		2:3 resonant	302
(523646) 2010 VL201	6	302	8		5.9			88	439		cubewano	302
(523642) 2010 SS43	6	302	8		5.9			88	439		cubewano	302
2010 PT66	6	302	8		5.9			88	439		SDO	302
2010 PU75	6	302	8		6			84	419		SDO	302
2010 RD188	6	302	8		5.7			96	481		cubewano	302
(523629) 2008 SP266	6	302	8		5.9			88	439		cubewano	302
2007 VK305	6	302	8		5.7			96	481		SDO	302
(523634) 2010 AH2	6	302	8		5.8			92	460		cubewano	302
(471150) 2010 FC49	6	302	8		5.7			96	481		2:3 resonant	302
(523730) 2014 OH394	6	302	8		6.1			80	400		cubewano	302
2014 OP394	6	302	8		5.7			96	481		SDO	302
2014 QZ441	6	302	8		5.7			96	481		3:5 resonant	302
2014 LT28	6	302	8		5.7			96	481		cubewano	302
2014 JU80	6	302	8		5.7			96	481		SDO	302
(523706) 2014 HF200	6	302	8		5.9			88	439		SDO	302
(523702) 2014 HW199	6	302	8		6			84	419		cubewano	302
2013 PX74	6	302	8		5.7			96	481		2:3 resonant	302
2012 UB178	6	302	8		5.7			96	481		3:5 resonant	302
2013 EC138	6	302	8		5.7			96	481		cubewano	302
2013 EJ154	6	302	8		5.7			96	481		cubewano	302
2014 DE143	6	302	8		5.7			96	481		cubewano	302
2015 BD519	6	302	8		5.7			96	481		2:5 resonant	302
2015 BT518	6	302	8		5.7			96	481		cubewano	302
(523793) 2015 OV79	6	302	8		6			84	419		cubewano	302
(523748) 2014 UP224	6	302	8		6			84	419		cubewano	302
2014 UV224	6	302	8		5.7			96	481		SDO	302
2014 WF509	6	302	8		5.7			96	481		cubewano	302
(505679) 2014 WT69	6	302	8		5.7			96	481		cubewano	302
(523761) 2014 WU509	6	302	8		5.9			88	439		cubewano	302

^ The measured diameter, else Brown's estimated diameter, else the diameter calculated from H using an assumed albedo of 8%.
^ Diameters with the text in red indicate that Brown's bot derived them from heuristically expected albedo.
^ The geometric albedo $A$ is calculated from the measured absolute magnitude $H$ and measured diameter $D$ via the formula: $A=\left({\frac {1329\times 10^{-H/5}}{D}}\right)^{2}$

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Mike Brown. "The Dwarf Planets". Retrieved 2008-01-20.
^ "Today we know of more than a dozen dwarf planets in the solar system [and] it is estimated that the ultimate number of dwarf planets we will discover in the Kuiper Belt and beyond may well exceed 10,000".The PI's Perspective
^ Dan Bruton. "Conversion of Absolute Magnitude to Diameter for Minor Planets". Department of Physics & Astronomy (Stephen F. Austin State University). Archived from the original on 2010-03-23. Retrieved 2008-06-13. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
^ "IAU 2006 General Assembly: Result of the IAU Resolution votes". International Astronomical Union. 2006. Archived from the original on 2007-01-03. Retrieved 2008-01-26. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
^ "Dwarf Planets". NASA. Retrieved 2008-01-22.
^ "Plutoid chosen as name for Solar System objects like Pluto" (Press release).
^ Savage, Don; Jones, Tammy; Villard, Ray (1995-04-19). "Asteroid or Mini-Planet? Hubble Maps the Ancient Surface of Vesta". Hubble Site News Release STScI-1995-20. Retrieved 2006-10-17.
^ "Iapetus' peerless equatorial ridge". www.planetary.org. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
^ "DPS 2015: First reconnaissance of Ceres by Dawn". www.planetary.org. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
^ ^a ^b Tancredi, G. (2010). "Physical and dynamical characteristics of icy "dwarf planets" (plutoids)". Icy Bodies of the Solar System: Proceedings IAU Symposium No. 263, 2009.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Michael E. Brown. "How many dwarf planets are there in the outer solar system? (updates daily)". California Institute of Technology. Retrieved 2 June 2017.
^ "AstDys (47171) 1999TC36 Ephemerides". Department of Mathematics, University of Pisa, Italy. Retrieved 2009-12-07.
^ "List Of Trans-Neptunian Objects". Minor Planet Center.
^ "List Of Centaurs and Scattered-Disk Objects". Minor Planet Center.

External links

How many dwarf planets are there in the outer solar system? (updates daily) (Mike Brown)
Details on the dwarf planet size calculations (Mike Brown)
Which are the Dwarfs in the Solar System? Tancredi, G.; Favre, S. Icarus, Volume 195, Issue 2, p. 851–862.
NASA JPL Small-Body Database Search Engine

[best_diam-13] The measured diameter, else Brown's estimated diameter, else the diameter calculated from H using an assumed albedo of 8%.

[brown_albedo-14] Diameters with the text in red indicate that Brown's bot derived them from heuristically expected albedo.

[albedo-17] The geometric albedo $A$ is calculated from the measured absolute magnitude $H$ and measured diameter $D$ via the formula: $A=\left({\frac {1329\times 10^{-H/5}}{D}}\right)^{2}$

[Brown-1] Mike Brown. "The Dwarf Planets". Retrieved 2008-01-20.

[Stern2012-2] "Today we know of more than a dozen dwarf planets in the solar system [and] it is estimated that the ultimate number of dwarf planets we will discover in the Kuiper Belt and beyond may well exceed 10,000".The PI's Perspective

[bruton-3] Dan Bruton. "Conversion of Absolute Magnitude to Diameter for Minor Planets". Department of Physics & Astronomy (Stephen F. Austin State University). Archived from the original on 2010-03-23. Retrieved 2008-06-13. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[iau2006-4] "IAU 2006 General Assembly: Result of the IAU Resolution votes". International Astronomical Union. 2006. Archived from the original on 2007-01-03. Retrieved 2008-01-26. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[5] "Dwarf Planets". NASA. Retrieved 2008-01-22.

[iau2008-6] "Plutoid chosen as name for Solar System objects like Pluto" (Press release).

[Hubble-7] Savage, Don; Jones, Tammy; Villard, Ray (1995-04-19). "Asteroid or Mini-Planet? Hubble Maps the Ancient Surface of Vesta". Hubble Site News Release STScI-1995-20. Retrieved 2006-10-17.

[8] "Iapetus' peerless equatorial ridge". www.planetary.org. Retrieved 2 April 2018.

[9] "DPS 2015: First reconnaissance of Ceres by Dawn". www.planetary.org. Retrieved 2 April 2018.

[tancredi-2010-10] Tancredi, G. (2010). "Physical and dynamical characteristics of icy "dwarf planets" (plutoids)". Icy Bodies of the Solar System: Proceedings IAU Symposium No. 263, 2009.

[brown-list-11] Michael E. Brown. "How many dwarf planets are there in the outer solar system? (updates daily)". California Institute of Technology. Retrieved 2 June 2017.

[AstDys-TC36-12] "AstDys (47171) 1999TC36 Ephemerides". Department of Mathematics, University of Pisa, Italy. Retrieved 2009-12-07.

[mpc-tno-15] "List Of Trans-Neptunian Objects". Minor Planet Center.

[mpc-sdo-16] "List Of Centaurs and Scattered-Disk Objects". Minor Planet Center.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[a]

[b]

[13]

[14]

[c]

v t e Trans-Neptunian objects
TNO classes	Cubewanos Scattered-disc objects Detached objects Resonant objects Neptune trojans Plutinos Twotinos TNO moons
Dwarf planets (moons)	Orcus Vanth Pluto Charon Styx Nix Kerberos Hydra Haumea Namaka Hiʻiaka Ring Quaoar Weywot Rings Makemake MK2 Gonggong Xiangliu Eris Dysnomia Sedna
Sednoids	90377 Sedna 2012 VP113 541132 Leleākūhonua 2021 RR205