Mycobacterium genavense
| Mycobacterium genavense | |
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| Species: | M. genavense
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| Binomial name | |
| Mycobacterium genavense Böttger et al. 1993, ATCC 51234
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Mycobacterium genavense is a slow-growing species of the phylum actinobacteria (Gram-positive bacteria with high guanine and cytosine content, one of the dominant phyla of all bacteria), belonging to the genus mycobacterium.
Description
Nonmotile, acid-fast coccobacilli (1.0 µm x 2.0 µm). No formation of spores, capsules or aerial hyphae.
Colony characteristics
- Tiny, transparent, nonphotochromogenic and dysgonic colonies (on solid Middlebrook 7H11 medium MJ (Allied Laboratories).
- Slow, fastidious growth in liquid media within 3–12 weeks at 31 °C, 37 °C and 42 °C, with slightly better growth at 45 °C.
- Primary cultures for isolation require liquid broth media such as BACTEC 12B medium, Middlebrook 7H9 medium.
- Acid broth media such as, BACTEC pyrazinamidase test medium, may facilitate primary isolation.
- No growth on standard solid media like Löwenstein-Jensen, unsupplemented Middlebrook 7H11 or Middlebrook 7H10 media.
- Visible growth on solid Middlebrook 7H11 medium supplemented with MJ after inoculation with a broth culture within 3–9 weeks.
- Susceptible to streptomycin and rifampicin
- Resistant to isoniazid and ethambutol
Differential characteristics
- Differentiation from other slowly growing mycobacteria by its fastidious growth.
- Closely related to M. simiae by evaluation of 16S rDNA sequences.
Pathogenesis
- Opportunistic pathogen. Clinically indistinguishable from generalised infections in patients with AIDS due to M. avium complex strains, but more related to gastro-intestinal disorders.
- Most common cause of mycobacterial disease in parrots and parakeets.
Type strain
Strain 2289 = ATCC 51234
References
- Böttger et al. 1993. Mycobacterium genavense sp. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 43, 841-843.
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