Timeline of Oslo
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Oslo, Norway.
Prior to 1537
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- 1000 - St. Clement's Church built (approximate date).[1]
- 1050
- Oslo founded by Harald Hardrada (approximate date),[2][3] according to Snorre's saga.
- Mariakirken built (approximate date).[citation needed]
- 1070 - Catholic diocese of Oslo established (approximate date).[4]
- 1080 (approximate) Old Aker Church erected (still existing)
- 1153 - Oslo Cathedral School established.[5]
- 1240 - Battle in Oslo 1240
- 1290s - Akershus Fortress construction begins (approximate date).
- 1299 - Norwegian capital relocated to Oslo from Bergen.[5]
- 1308 - Akershus fortress withstands attack by Eric, Duke of Södermanland
- 1314 - Haakon V of Norway declared that the provost of St Mary's church should be chancellor of Norway for ever (was abolished in 1679).
- 1349 - Black Death plague.[5]
- 1352 - St. Hallvard's Cathedral and the other Sogne Churches are burned to the ground in a major fire.
After 1537
- 1537 - Reformation, Norway became a client kingdom under the Danish crown, most of the government administration moved to Copenhagen
- 1567 - city destroyed during Nordic Seven Years' War
- 1624 - 1624 Oslo fire; settlement relocated to newly founded "Christiania,"[6] "Oslo" remained the name of a village outside the city
- 1639 - Holy Trinity Cathedral (Oslo) built.[7]
- 1641 - Gamle rådhus (town hall) built.
- 1643 - Printing press in operation.[8]
- 1654 - Vaterland Bridge built.[citation needed]
- 1686 - Fire ruins ¼ of the city.[citation needed]
- 1697 - Domkirken (church) built.[7]
- 1716 - City occupied by forces of Charles XII of Sweden.[2]
- 1769 - first census held and recorded 7469 inhabitants[citation needed]
- 1780 - Deichman Library founded.[9]
- The Det Dramatiske Selskab is founded.
19th century
- 1811 - Royal Frederick University[2] and Selskabet for Oslo Byes Vel (civic group)[10] founded.
- 1814
- Christiania became capital in the new state of Norway
- University Botanical Garden (Oslo) established.
- 1815 Supreme Court of Norway established
- 1819
- Morgenbladet (newspaper) begins publication.
- Oslo Exchange established.[11]
- Børshagen (park) opens.[10]
- 1827 - Nybrua (bridge) built.
- The Strömberg Theatre is inaugurated.
- 1829
- May: Battle of the Square.
- J.W. Cappelens Forlag (publisher) in business.
- 1836 - National Gallery built.[citation needed]
- 1837
- Christiania Theatre built.[12]
- Andreas Tofte becomes mayor.
- 1838 - Christiania becomes a municipality.[citation needed]
- 1841 - Akers Mekaniske Verksted in business.
- 1844 - Toftes Gave (orphanage) established.
- 1848 - Christiania Bank established.[13]
- 1849 - Royal Palace inaugurated.[2]
- 1851
- "Cellular prison" begins operating.[14]
- Oslo host a nordic student meeting.
- 1852
- Christiania Norwegian Theatre opens.[15]
- Oslo host a nordic student meeting.
- 1854 - Eidsvoll-Christiania railroad, the "Main Line", begins operating.[6]
- 1855 - Population: 31,715
- 1857 - Den norske Creditbank headquartered in city.[13]
- 1858 - 14 April: 1858 Christiania fire.
- 1860 - Aftenposten newspaper begins publication.[11]
- 1863 - Murder of Knut Grøte occurs.
- 1866
- District Court established.
- Storting building (for parliament) constructed.
- 1868 - Norwegian Trekking Association headquartered in city.[16]
- 1869 - Oslo host a nordic student meeting.
- 1872
- Railway Drammen Line begins operating.
- West Station built.
- Aschehougs bokhandel (bookshop) in business.
- 1875
- Horse-drawn tram begins operating.
- Commerce School established.[17]
- 1876 - Christiania Technical Evening School founded.[17]
- 1878 - City expanded. Frogner, Majorstuen, Torshov, Kampen and Vålerengen are populated and rebuilt.[citation needed]
- 1879 -Husebyrennet ski race held first time
- 1881 - May: Wergeland monument unveiled in Eidsvolls plass.
- 1885
- 26 February: 1885 speed skating race at Frognerkilen takes place.
- Folkeakademiet founded.
- 1892 - Holmenkollbakken (ski jump) built, Husebyrennet became Holmenkollen Ski Festival.
- 1894 - Electric tram begins operating.
- 1897 - Centralteatret opens.[15]
- 1898 - Tram Holmenkollen Line begins operating.[10]
- 1899 - Nationaltheateret (theatre) built.[citation needed]
- 1900 - Postage meter (machine) introduced.[18]
20th century
- 1901 - Nobel Peace Prize ceremony begins.
- 1904 - Norwegian Nobel Institute established.
- 1905 - Haakon VII became first king of independent Norway
- 1907 - Norwegian School of Theology established.
- 1908 - Oslo Chamber of Commerce established.
- 1910 - Population: 241,834.[19]
- 1912 - Kjeller Airport begins operating.
- 1913 - Det Norske Teatret opened
- 1914 - 1914 Jubilee Exhibition held.
- 1916 - City Parks Department established.[10]
- 1920 - Synagogue built.
- 1925 - City renamed "Oslo," the "Oslo" suburb renamed "Old Town" (Gamlebyen)[20]
- 1926 - Ankerbrua (bridge) rebuilt.
- 1928
- Underground Oslo Metro begins operating.
- Ulvøybrua (bridge) built.
- 1929
- Det Nye Teater opens.[12]
- Eldorado Cinema (Oslo) in business.[21]
- 1932 - Oslo breakfast introduced in schools.
- 1934
- Railway Sognsvann Line begins operating.[10]
- Saga Kino (cinema) opens.[21]
- 1940 - 9 April: German occupation begins,[2] King and cabinet escaped
- 1941
- September: Milk strike occurs.
- Bredtvet concentration camp in operation.
- 1942
- 25 September: Oslo Mosquito raid by British forces.
- 26 November: Norwegian Jews deported to Auschwitz from Oslo harbour
- 1943 - 19 December: 1943 Filipstad explosion.
- 1944 - Monolitten (sculpture) unveiled in Frogner Park.
- 1945
- 8 May German capitulation
- 7 June King Haakon returned to Oslo and Allied occupation ended
- 1946
- Armed Forces Museum (Norway) established.
- Population: 417,238.[2]
- 1948 - Aker becomes part of city.[2]
- 1950 - Oslo City Hall completed after 19 years construction.[2]
- 1952 - February: 1952 Winter Olympics held in Oslo.
- 1954 - Monolittrennet (ski race) begins.
- 1959
- Peace Research Institute Oslo founded.[22]
- Sagkrakken Bridge built.
- 1963
- Club 7 active.
- Munch Museum opens.
- 1972 - Fiskevollen Bridge built.
- 1973 - Oslo Airport location controversy.
- 1977 - Oslo Concert Hall opens.
- 1980
- Norwegian Institute for Defence Studies established.[22]
- Oslo Central Station, Nationaltheatret Station, and Oslo Tunnel open.
- 1982 - Blitz (movement) begins.
- 1990
- Oslo Spektrum (arena) opens.
- Festningstunnelen opened
- 1992
- Oslo byarkiv (city archives) established.[23]
- Ann-Marit Sæbønes becomes mayor.
- 1993
- Israeli-Palestinian peace negotiations ("Oslo Accords") take place in Oslo.[20]
- Islamic Council Norway headquartered in city.[24]
- 1994
- Oslo Courthouse built.
- Stenersen Museum opens.
- 1995
- Lodalsbruene (bridge) built.
- Per Ditlev-Simonsen becomes mayor.
- 1998
- Rikshospitalet (hospital) opens.
- Railway Gardermoen Line begins operating.
- 2000 - City celebrates thousand-year jubilee.
21st century
- 2001 - January: Demonstration following Hermansen murder.[20]
- 2002
- June: World Bank Oslo 2002 Protests.
- Population: 516,467 city;[25] 783,829 metro.[11]
- 2003
- Oslo Bysykkel (bikeshare) begins operating.[26]
- 2004
- 22 August: Robbery takes place at the Munch Museum.[6]
- Rabita-moskeen (mosque) established.
- 2006 - Central Jamaat-e Ahl-e Sunnat (mosque) opens.[27]
- 2007 - Fabian Stang becomes mayor.
- 2008 - Oslo Opera House opens.
- 2009 - Stian Berger Røsland becomes governing mayor.
- 2011
- FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2011
- 22 July: Bombing in Regjeringskvartalet; 69 people are massacred on the nearby Utøya island.
- Akrobaten (bridge) and Nordenga Bridge built.
- 2012 - 16 April: Breivik trial begins.
- 2014
- March: Bid for the 2022 Winter Olympics submitted.
- Future Library project organized.[28]
- Population: 647,676 city; 942,084 metro.
- 2015
- September: 2015 Oslo municipal election held.
- 22 July Information Center opens.
See also
- Oslo history with brief timeline of major events
- Timeline of transport in Oslo
- Other names of Oslo
- Timelines of other cities in Norway: Bergen
- List of years in Norway
References
- ^ St. Clement's Church on Norske kirkebygg Norske-kirkebygg
- ^ a b c d e f g h Leon E. Seltzer, ed. (1952), Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World, New York: Columbia University Press, p. 1396, OL 6112221M
- ^ Hans Andersson (2003). "Urbanization". In Knut Helle (ed.). Cambridge History of Scandinavia. Vol. 1: Prehistory to 1520. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-47299-9.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - ^ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Norway". Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
- ^ a b c Jan Sjåvik (2008). Historical Dictionary of Norway. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6408-5.
- ^ a b c Jan Sjåvik (2008). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of Norway. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6408-5.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - ^ a b Øystein Ekroll (2012). "State church and church state: churches and their interiors in post-Reformation Norway, 1537-1705". In Andrew Spicer (ed.). Lutheran Churches in Early Modern Europe. Ashgate. ISBN 978-0-7546-6583-0.
{{cite book}}: Check|author=value (help); External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ Henri Bouchot (1890). "Topographical index of the principal towns where early printing presses were established". In H. Grevel (ed.). The book: its printers, illustrators, and binders, from Gutenberg to the present time. London: H. Grevel & Co.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - ^ "Christiania", Norway and Sweden, Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1882
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - ^ a b c d e Luccarelli 2012.
- ^ a b c "Norway". Europa World Year Book. Europa Publications. 2004. ISBN 978-1-85743-255-8.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - ^ a b Don Rubin; et al., eds. (1994). "Norway". World Encyclopedia of Contemporary Theatre: Europe. Routledge. pp. 616+. ISBN 9780415251570.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - ^ a b "Norway". International Banking Directory. Bankers Publishing Company. 1920.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - ^ Mitchel P. Roth (2006). "Chronology". Prisons and Prison Systems: A Global Encyclopedia. Greenwood. ISBN 978-0-313-32856-5.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - ^ a b Martin Banham, ed. (1995). "Norway". Cambridge Guide to Theatre. Cambridge University Press. p. 799+. ISBN 978-0-521-43437-9.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - ^ A.J. Mackintosh (1907). "Mountaineering Clubs, 1857-1907". Alpine Journal (177). UK.
- ^ a b N.R. Bull, ed. (1907). Norges Statskalender ... 1908 (in Norwegian). Kristiania: Aschehoug & Co.
- ^ Patrick Robertson (2011). Robertson's Book of Firsts. Bloomsbury. ISBN 978-1-60819-738-5.
- ^ "Norway". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - ^ a b c "Norway Profile: Timeline", BBC News, retrieved 30 September 2015
- ^ a b "Movie Theaters in Oslo". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
- ^ a b "Organizations". International Relations and Security Network. Switzerland: Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
- ^ "Oslo byarkiv". Lokalhistoriewiki (in Norwegian). Norwegian Institute of Local History. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
- ^ Jørgen S. Nielsen; et al., eds. (2013). "Norway". Yearbook of Muslims in Europe. Vol. 5. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-25586-9.
- ^ "Population Statistics". Statistics Norway. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
- ^ "Exploring Bike-Shares In Other Cities". New York Bike Share Project. Storefront for Art and Architecture. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
- ^ "Islam i Norge: Oslo" [Islam in Norway: Oslo]. Islam.no (in Norwegian). Oslo: Den Islamske Informasjonsforeningen. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
- ^ "The Value of Art No One Alive Will Ever Experience", The Atlantic, USA, June 2015
This article incorporates information from the Norwegian Wikipedia.
Bibliography
- Published in the 19th century
- David Brewster, ed. (1830). "Christiania". Edinburgh Encyclopædia. Edinburgh: William Blackwood.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - John Thomson (1845), "Christiania", New Universal Gazetteer and Geographical Dictionary, London: H.G. Bohn
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - George Henry Townsend (1867), "Christiania", A Manual of Dates (2nd ed.), London: Frederick Warne & Co. – via Internet Archive
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - William Henry Overall, ed. (1870). "Christiania". Dictionary of Chronology. London: William Tegg – via HathiTrust.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - "Description of Christiania". Traveler's Guide in Sweden and the Most Interesting Places in Norway. Stockholm: Adolf Bonnier. 1871.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - "Christiania". Norway: illustrated handbook for travellers. Christiania: Chr. Tønsberg. 1875.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - John Ramsay McCulloch (1880), "Christiania", in Hugh G. Reid (ed.), A Dictionary, Practical, Theoretical and Historical of Commerce and Commercial Navigation, London: Longmans, Green, and Co.
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - "Christiania", Hand-book for Travellers in Norway (7th ed.), London: J. Murray, 1880
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - Maturin Murray Ballou (1887), "Capital of Norway", Due North; or, Glimpses of Scandinavia and Russia, Boston: Ticknor and Company
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - Hunger. Knut Hamsun (1890). The ultimate book set in Oslo, "this wondrous city that no one leaves before it has made its marks upon him".
- Yngvar Nielsen (1894). Christiania and its environs: illustrated hand-book for travellers. Christiania.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
- Published in the 20th century
- "Christiania". Bennett's Handbook for Travellers in Norway. Christiana: T. Bennett & Sons. 1902.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - "Christiania". Bradshaw's Through Routes to the Capitals of the World, and Overland Guide to India, Persia, and the Far East. London: Henry Blacklock. 1903.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - "Christiania", Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Christiania", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co. – via HathiTrust
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - Esther Singleton (1913), "City of Christiania", Great Cities of Europe, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - The Big Foxhunt. Ingvar Ambjørnsen (1983). Set in the late 1970s, telling the story of a young hash dealer.
- Beatles. Lars Saabye Christensen (1984). About growing up in the 1960s.
- Shyness and Dignity. Dag Solstad (1994).
- Published in the 21st century
- Mark Luccarelli; Per Gunnar Røe, eds. (2012). Green Oslo: Visions, Planning and Discourse. Ashgate. ISBN 978-1-4094-7351-0.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Oslo.
- Map of Oslo, 1981
- Europeana. Items related to Oslo, various dates
- Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Oslo, various dates.
