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February 1958

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Egypt and...
...Syria merge...
February 28, 1958: Deadliest school bus accident in U.S. history kills 26 students on their way to school [1]
...to create United Arab Republic

The following events occurred in February 1958:

February 1, 1958 (Saturday)

President Quwatli (left) and President Nasser signing the merger pact

February 2, 1958 (Sunday)

  • Mario Echandi Jiménez was elected as President of Costa Rica, defeating Francisco Orlich Bolmarcich in a close race.[12]
  • The word "aerospace", originally spelled "aero-space", was coined by the staff of the Air University at Maxwell Air Force Base in Montgomery, Alabama, as part of an "interim glossary" that was to be used for jargon in the U.S. Air Force.[13] The term, referring to the atmosphere and outer space as one unit, was derived from "aero-" a Greek suffix for air and "space", from Latin "spatium", an extension into the beyond.[14]
  • Born: Paolo De Castro, Italian professor and politician, in San Pietro in Vernotico.
  • Died: Bertrand Snell, 87, U.S. Congressman for New York and House Minority Leader from 1931 to 1938.[15]

February 3, 1958 (Monday)

  • Nikolai Bulganin's letter to Dwight D. Eisenhower, the third in eight weeks and containing a nine-point agenda for a summit, was made public.[16]
  • Died: Wilfred Fienburgh, 38, English TV and print journalist, and member of the British House of Commons, died from injuries sustained two days earlier when he lost control of his car and crashed into a lamppost in London.[17][18] In December, he had written to a newspaper in his lifetime, he had "been run over by a taxi and knocked down by a pram," and that "In cars and jeeps I have hit a tree, a railway bridge, my own garden fence, three other cars, a four-ton RAF lorry, a policeman and the side of a battle cruiser. I must be, I think, accident prone."[19]

February 4, 1958 (Tuesday)

February 5, 1958 (Wednesday)

  • A 7,600 pound (3,500 kg) Mark 15 hydrogen bomb, was dropped intp the waters off of the coast of Tybee Island, Georgia, near Savannah, after the U.S. Air Force B-47 bomber carrying it collided with a U.S. Navy F-86 fighter [22] at an altitude of 35,000 feet (11,000 m). The Air Force emphasized that the bomb "was not assembled so that it could not be detonated." [23] The bomb was never recovered.
  • Egypt's President Gamal Abdel Nasser became the first president of the United Arab Republic, with Syrian President Shukri al-Quwatli as the UAR vice president. In the evening, Nasser welcomed an official from the Kingdom of Yemen, Crown Prince Saif al-Islam Mohammed al-Badr, who had said that he wanted his monarchy to become a third member of the republic, while retaining its royal government and receiving Egyptian troops to aid it its war against British forces in Aden,[24] a request that was ultimately rejected.
  • In Cape Canaveral, the launching of a second American satellite, Vanguard 1B, by the U.S. Navy failed 62 seconds after it started.[25] The Vanguard 1 rocket was launched at 2:33 in the morning "only apparently to break in half" had to be destroyed by remote command from the range safety officer.[26]
  • In France, the parliament voted a framework-law about Algeria, establishing single electoral districts for Frenchmen and Muslims and reaffirming the principle that Algeria was an overseas department of the French republic.[citation needed] On the same evening, a time bomb exploded in a bathroom in the Palais Bourbon, causing damage but no injuries.[27]
  • Chinese Jesuit and Roman Catholic bishop Dominic Tang (born Tang Yiming) was arrested in Guangzhou (at the time, Canton) by the Communist government [28] and would remain in jail for 22 years. Tang was charged by the People's Republic as being "the most faithful running-dog of the reactionary Vatican" and held in a labor camp, without ever being brought to trial. He would be released on June 2, 1980,[29] because of illness and would live 14 more years before his death in 1995.[30]
  • The Republic of Turkey created its first national park, the Yozgat Pine Grove, to protect a rare species of pine trees found only in Turkey's Caucasus Mountains.
  • Born: Fabrizio Frizzi, Italian TV presenter; in Rome (d. 2018)

February 6, 1958 (Thursday)

American newsreel footage reporting the crash
  • The crash of British European Airways Flight 609 killed 23 of the 44 people on board an Airspeed AS.57 Ambassador plane, including seven players on the defending English soccer football champions, Manchester United F.C. players who were flying back to Manchester from West Germany after a European Cup game in Yugoslavia.[31] The Ambassador plane had taken the Man U team to Belgrade (where it played to a 3 to 3 draw against Red Star Belgrade), and landed at Munich in West Germany for refueling, touching down in snowy weather. The crew abandoned two takeoff attempts and taxied back to the tarmac, then concluded that opening the throttles more slowly would provide the power to make a safe takeoff. Accelerating to 117 knots (equivalent to 135 miles per hour (217 km/h)), the plane encountered slush on the runway, slowed to 105 knots, and was unable to get airborne or to have enough runway length to stop. The airplane crashed through a boundary fence and across a small road, then slammed into a house and a garage, where it burst into flames.[32]
  • The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), the first U.S. government agency devoted to space exploration, was founded.[10]
  • Born: Michel Houellebecq, French writer; in Saint-Pierre,; **Giuseppe Baresi, Italian soccer football player, in Travagliato.
  • Died: Charles Langbridge Morgan, 64, English writer

February 7, 1958 (Friday)

  • U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower authorized the creation of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA, initially called ARPA) within the U.S. Department of Defense, initially to develop a program to compete with the Soviet Union's space program. The Defense Department established the agency by its DOD Directive 5105.15, and Congress authorized its funding on February 12.[33] The DARPA program would become the foremost government developer of technological advances that would transition from military to civilian use.
  • The Partito Comunista Italiano (|PCI), Italy's Communist party, announced that it had lost 300,000 members in the previous two years as a result of the crushing of the Hungarian Revolution by Soviet invaders.[34]
  • The legal monopoly on transcontinental air service, granted by the Canadian government to Trans-Canada Air Lines, was ended by Transport Minister George Hees.[35]
  • Died: Walter Kingsford, 76, British stage, film and television actor

February 8, 1958 (Saturday)

  • A fleet of 25 French Air Force bombers and fighters crossed from French Algeria into Tunisian airspace and bombed the village of Sakiet Sidi Youssef, killing 68 people, 12 of whom were children.[36] The attack was in reprisal for a January 11 attack, launched from Tunisia by FLN guerrillas from the town, that killed 15 French soldiers.,[37] and France claimed that one of its planes had been shot down over Algeria by anti-aircraft guns fired from the Tunisian side of the border. The Tunisian government protested and demanded that all French troops in Tunisia leave immediately.
  • In a purge of the ruling East German Communist Party, Deputy Premier Fred Oelssner was expelled from the Politburo of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands or SED) at the instigation of General Secretary Walter Ulbricht, because of his dissent from Ulbricht's official policies.[38] The SED's Central Committee also expelled two liberal members, Karl Schirdewan and former Security Minister Ernst Wollweber, on the same day for "violations of Party rules". The move came two days after being approved by the Central Committee of the SED in a closed door session, where Committee members Albert Norden and Franz Dahlem said that Schirdewan had been seeking to get the committee to replace Ulbricht as the party leader. Norden's and Dahlem's speeches were reprinted on February 26 by the SED Party newspaper, Neues Deutschland.[39]
  • Born: Marina Silva, Brazilian environmentalist and politician; in Rio Branco.

February 9, 1958 (Sunday)

  • Single-candidate elections were held in the South American nation of Paraguay to approve a full term for the incumbent president, General Alfredo Stroessner, and the 60 candidates fielded by Stroessner's Partido Colorado for the unicameral Chamber of Representatives.[40]
  • At the School of Aviation Medicine on Randolph Air Force Base in San Antonio, Texas, 23-year-old USAF Airman Donald G. Farrell volunteered to start the simulation of a space flight in an airtight steel cabin, breathing air at one-half atmospheric pressure, eating condensed foods, and unable to stand up or lay down in the small, equipment-filled space.[41] Farrell ended his simulation six days later with no ill effects. As a volunteer, he had the right to terminate the experiment at any time by pushing a "panic button" to be released.[42]

February 10, 1958 (Monday)

  • From his headquarters in Indonesia on the island of Sumatra, Army Lieutenant Colonel Ahmad Husein announced the "Charter of the Struggle to Save the Country", a five-day ultimatum to the Indonesian central government to institute reforms and to remove pro-Communist members of President Sukarno's cabinet.[43][44] When the government responded by dismissing Hussein and three other rebels from the Army, and rejected the demands, the rebels formed the Revolutionary Government of the Republic of Indonesia (PRRI) on the island of Sumatra and started a rebellion.
  • The U.S. Navy announced that it had developed a new anti-submarine weapon, the Rocket Assisted Torpedo (RAT), which it described as "the greatest advancement in anti-submarine warfare since World War II" to combat "one of the great threats to our nation", submarines "ready to choke off our lifelines across the oceans and to fire missiles with atomic warheads at our production centers."[45]
  • Born: Thomas Ruff, German photographer; in Zell am Harmersbach
  • Died: Aleksander Klumberg, 58, Estonian decathlete and world record holder, later held as a political prisoner by the Soviet Union

February 11, 1958 (Tuesday)

  • The "Great Red Aurora", the strongest recorded solar maximum, reached its peak of activity, a magnetic storm creating a fan shaped-aurora, was observed from multiple areas in the Northern Hemisphere starting at 0053 UTC.[46][47]
  • Marshal Chen Yi became the new Chinese Foreign Minister, replacing Zhou Enlai.[48]
  • Ruth Carol Taylor became the first African American stewardess, working on a Mohawk Airlines flight between New York City and Ithaca, New York.[49] Her career would last only six months, not because of her race but because she had gotten married, and the airline had a discriminatory barrier on married flight attendants.
  • In China, the National People's Congress established the rules for use of the Latin alphabet, pinyin, for use in transliterating Chinese names and words.[citation needed]
  • Died:

February 12, 1958 (Wednesday)

President-elect Ydigoras
  • In the Central American nation of Guatemala, the 66-member unicameral Congreso de la República chose a new president after the January 19 presidential election ended with no candidate having a majority of votes. With a choice between the top two finishers in the popular vote, the Congress voted, 40 to 18, to elect General Miguel Ydígoras over Colonel José Luis Cruz Salazar.[52]
  • The Soviet Union's Defense Minister, Rodion Malinovsky, formed the Group of Inspectors General as a means of retiring marshals, generals and admirals "who have reached such an age when, for health reasons and the prospects for their further use, cannot continue to work with a full load" from active service and providing them with salaried jobs carrying almost no responsibility.[53]
  • Died:
    • Marcel Cachin, 88, French Communist politician who founded the daily newspaper L'Humanite and ran as the PCF's candidate for president four times, attracting more than 12% of the vote in 1953.[54]
    • Douglas Hartree, 60, English mathematician and physicist known for the Hartree–Fock method of approximation for the determination of the wave function and the energy of a quantum many-body system in a stationary state.
    • Joe Frisco (stage name for Louis Wilson Joseph), 68, American comedian and vaudeville performer [55]

February 13, 1958 (Thursday)

  • The House of Commons of the United Kingdom voted, 305 to 251, to allow women to serve in the House of Lords for the first time by making life peerages available regardless of gender. The measure had already been approved by the House of Lords, but required a third reading in the Commons and royal assent by Queen Elizabeth II.[56]
  • The British Ministry of Defence released its annual White Paper, including a report by Defence Minister Duncan Sandys titled "Britain's Contribution to Peace and Security", with the warning that if the Soviet Union attempted to attack the Western powers even with conventional forces, the British would retaliate by using hydrogen bombs and other strategic nuclear weapons.[57]
  • In Italy, Interior Minister Fernando Tambroni dissolved the Naples City council and former Naples mayor Achille Lauro was indicted for corruption.[58]
  • Born: Pernilla August, Swedish film actress; in Stockholm.
  • Died :

February 14, 1958 (Friday)

Kings Faisal II and Hussein I
  • The Hashemite Arab Federation was created by an agreement of King Faisal II of Iraq and his second cousin, King Hussein of Jordan, both members of the House of Hashem that had ruled parts of the Middle East since 968 AD, and both great-grandsons of Hussein bin Ali, King of Hejaz.[59] The plan was ratified unanimously by Iraq's parliament on February 17 [60] The Federation, with King Faisal II as its ruler, lasted only five months, ending upon the Faisal's overthrow and assassination on July 14. It was officially dissolved by its new monarch, King Hussein, on August 2.[61]
  • The Rapacki plan for the disarmament in Europe, created by Poland's Foreign Minister Adam Rapacki on October 2, was released by the Polish government for international consideration, proposing the creation of a nuclear-free zone in NATO member West Germany and three Warsaw Pact members (East Germany, Poland and Czechoslovakia).[62] Eight Warsaw Pact nations endorsed the plan, but none of the NATO members.[63]
  • A major revision of the Great Soviet Encyclopedia in its article about Joseph Stalin was made public for the first time, two years the original scheduled publication was delayed because of First Secretary Khrushchev's 1956 speech to the Congress of the Communist Party of condemnation of the late dictator. Notably, the 87-page biography of Stalin in the previous edition of the Encyclopedia was discarded in favor of a five-page summary that praised him for many achievements, but criticized him for the 1930s purging of the Party (with the exception of Leon Trotsky) and Stalin's misjudgments during World War II.[64]
  • In Italy, eight people were killed and 60 injured in the explosion at the Gessolungo sulfur mine, near Caltanissetta.[65]

February 15, 1958 (Saturday)

February 16, 1958 (Sunday)

  • The Federal Council for Aboriginal Advancement was founded at the conclusion of a three-day meeting at Adelaide in Australia by representatives of the Aborigines' Advancement League of three states, as well as five other organizations in the first national meeting of rights groups. Dr. Charles Duguid was elected as the FCAA's first president.[69]
  • A Korean Air Lines flight from Busan to Seoul in South Korea, with 26 passengers and two American pilots, was hijacked by eight gunmen who had bought tickets for the flight. The airplane was then flown to North Korea.[70] North Korea released the group to United Nations officials on March 6 at the border station at Panmunjom, but kept the airplane.[71]
  • Born:
  • Died:
    • John Moody, American financial analyst who pioneered the quality rating of bonds, securities and stocks starting in 1909 with the first of his series of "Moody's Manual" books, beginning with Moody's Analyses of Railroad Investments.[72]
    • Rudolf Pleil, 33, West German serial killer convicted of murdering 10 people, hanged himself in his jail cell a little more than seven years after being sentenced to life imprisonment.
    • Situ Qiao, 55, Chinese painter

February 17, 1958 (Monday)

The patron saint of TV
  • Pope Pius XII announced a Roman Catholic patron saint for television, Saint Clare of Assisi (1194—1253) and all persons involved in TV production. According to the Vatican, Saint Clare was picked because during her final illness in San Damiano, Assisi , "she saw and heard a solemn midnight mass that was being celebrated in the Basilica of St. Francis, two miles away" which church observers at the 700th anniversary of her death said was "a miraculous episode that bore some resemblance to a transmission of images and sounds over a distance."[73]
  • The comic strip B. C., written by Johnny Hart and a satire on current events using cavemen and talking animals as its characters, debuted as an offering of the New York Herald Tribune Syndicate.[74][75] Hart would continue to draw the strip for almost 50 years until his passing (while working on the strip) on April 7, 2007.
  • GoldStar, an electronics company and predecessor to LG Electronics, was founded in South Korea as a subsidiary of the LakHui (pronounced "Lucky") Chemical Industrial Corporation, a plastics manufacturer. The companies would be merged to create the Lucky-Gold Star Corporation in 1983, shortened to LG Corporation in 1998.[76] On March 1, 1995, the company would be rebranded when
  • In Indonesia, the Permesta rebel movement on the island of Sulawesi joined forces with the Revolutionary Government of the Republic of Indonesia (PRRI) rebel group that had been set up on Sumatra with an objective of overthrowing the government of the Republic of Indonesia.
  • The Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament organization in Britain held its first public meeting.
  • France and Tunisia accepted the mediation of Great Britain and the United States to end the conflict between the two nations in North Africa.[citation needed]
  • Oliver Treyz became the new president of the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) and cleared the path for several popular television shows, ranging from The Untouchables to The Flintstones. He would step down in 1962 after a particularly violent show led to his subpoena and examination by a U.S. Congressional subcommittee.
  • Morocco completed the taking of former Spanish currency out of circulation, ending almost half a century of division of the North African nation between Spanish and French protectorate officials of the former French Morocco and Spanish Morocco. King Mohammed V "symbolically struck down a customs barrier" at Rabat and announced the completion of the replacement more than one billion of the old Spanish pesetas with 100 million of the Moroccan francs.[77]
  • Died: Lillian Lauferty, 68, American novelist and former newspaper columnist who wrote the "Dear Beatrix Fairfax" advice column.[78]

February 18, 1958 (Tuesday)

  • United Arab Republic president Gamal Abdel Nasser asked Sudan for cession of all of the "Halaib Triangle" above the 22nd parallel north, offering in exchange for renunciation of claims to the smaller Bir Tawil south of the parallel.[79] In Uadi Halfa, the chief town of the 7,950 square miles (20,600 km2) area claimed by both sides, an Egyptian military unit and an electoral commission were sent, in view of the plebiscite for the UAR. Sudan's foreign minister Muhammad Ahmad Mahgoub rejected the Egyptian claim. The dispute would end in 2000, with the withdrawal of Sudanese troops from the Halaib Triangle.[10]
  • Poland's government, more tolerant of religion than other Communist nations, granted two requests of the Roman Catholic Archbishop Stefan Wyszynski after three days of meetings. For the first time in almost 10 years, Catholic priests would be granted visas in order to study theology in Rome, with 24 identified by Wyszynski getting the first passports. The Polish government also agreed to return 700 church treasures that had been stolen by Germany during the occupation in World War II and returned after the war to Poland.[80]
  • Popular American comedienne Gracie Allen's upcoming retirement from show business was confirmed by George Burns, her husband and comedy partner in the Burns and Allen duo. George Burns, who had played the straight man to Allen's scatterbrained comments, told reporters that television's last original episode of The George Burns and Gracie Allen Show would air on September 22. Of his wife's decision, Burns said "It was not a sudden one. She has decided to devote herself to her home and family. No one more richly deserves the rest." [81]

February 19, 1958 (Wednesday)

Mrs. Fairclough
  • Ellen Fairclough, the first female cabinet minister in Canda (as Secretary of State for Canada, became the first woman to serve as the Acting Prime Minister, serving temporarily while Prime Minister Diefenbaker and 10 other cabinet ministers with more seniority were away from Ottawa campaigning re-election.[85][86]
  • A group of 22 men who were able to escape the sinking Italian freighter Bonitas in a lifeboat were killed when their lifeboat capsized in the Atlantic Ocean just as a rescue ship was reaching them. An American cargo ship, President Adams, had located the Bonitas 120 miles (190 km) off of the coast of the U.S. state of North Carolina and was prepared to take on the lifeboat's 25 passengers when a large wave threw most of them into icy waters. A boat from the President Adams was only able to pull three men aboard; two more crewmembers in a separate lifeboat were rescued by the destroyer USS Lester.[87][88]
  • U.S. Senator Carl Hayden, who had served as the Senator for Arizona since its attainment of statehood in 1912, was honored for setting the new record— 46 years— for longest service in Congress, and was honored by members of both parties. The 80-year-old Democrat, president pro tempore of the Senate, broke the record held by the late Joseph G. Cannon, Speaker of the House of Representatives.[89]
  • Born:

February 20, 1958 (Thursday)

  • The "Merlin Act" (officially "Law on the Abolition of the Regulation of Prostitution and the Fight Against the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others", public law 75/1958) was signed into law by Italy's President Giovanni Gronchi. It was named after Angelina Merlin, the Italian Senator who had campaigned for it since 1948. The law, which took effect on September 20,[90] ended the practice of state-approved houses of prostitution. "Merlin, Angelina", by Giuseppe Sircana, Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani [10]
  • Nathan Leopold, known for the 1924 random murder of a 14-year-old boy, was granted parole after more than 33 years in prison.[91] He was 18 when he and another student at the University of Chicago, Richard Loeb, had been sentenced to life imprisonment plus 99 years for the kidnapping and thrill killing of Bobby Franks. Loeb had been murdered in 1936 by a fellow inmate at the Stateville Correctional Center in Illinois. Leopold was released from the Illinois State Penitentiary on March 13.[92]
  • A test of the U.S. Air Force's new Atlas missile at Cape Canaveral failed slightly two minutes after its launch.[93]
  • A U.S. Navy radar plane and its 23-member crew disappeared over the North Atlantic Ocean a little more than 2 hours after takeoff. The Super Constellation plane had departed from Naval Station Argentia, a U.S. base in Canada's Newfoundland province.[94]
  • Using Cuban Congressman Manuel de Jesus Leon as an intermediary, 26th of July Movement leader Fidel Castro sent word to President Fulgencio Batista of a proposal to end the Cuban Revolution on two conditions, starting with the withdrawal of the Cuban Army from the Oriente Province, followed by supervision by the Organization of American States of the scheduled June 1 general election to ensure fairness.[95]
  • Died:

February 21, 1958 (Friday)

The "peace sign"

February 22, 1958 (Saturday)

February 23, 1958 (Sunday)

Frondizi
Fangio
  • In voting in Argentina, the first free election in the South American nation since 1928[106] Arturo Frondizi was elected of President, defeating Ricardo Balbín with 49.49% of the total vote compared to Balbin's 31.83% in a race that saw a turnout of over 90% of the registered voters.[107] Frondizi garnered a majority of the electoral votes (319 to 140). Voting was held for the 187-seat Chamber of Deputies, with Frondizi's UCRI Party winning 133 seats and Balbin's UCRP 52.
  • Rebels in Cubaentered the Hotel Lincoln in Havana and kidnapped five-time world driving champion Juan Manuel Fangio on the day that he was to compete in the Cuban Grand Prix (Gran Premio Cubana).[108]
  • Methyl alcohol poisoning that would eventually kill 23 people in New York City began with the serving of drinks, made of the basic component to rubbing alcohol, to guests at a party in a Puerto Rican neighborhood in East Harlem. The first six victims died on February 26, three days after consuming the poisonous liquid.[109][110][111][112]
  • Born :

February 24, 1958 (Monday)

  • The day after the kidnapping of Juan Manuel Fangio, the Cuban Gran Prix was conducted without him, albeit with a 90-minute delay "in the hope that Fangio would be released". After only five laps and 15 minutes driving, a car driven by Armando Garcia Cifuentes skidded on an oil slick (caused when the oil line on another racers' car burst) and crashed into the grandstand. Six spectators were killed and 31 injured. The race was halted, and the crowd of 150,000 was told to go home.[113] Fangio was released, unharmed, shortly after midnight on Tuesday by the 26th of July Movement rebels.[114]
  • In Cuba, Fidel Castro's Radio Rebelde began broadcasting from Sierra Maestra.
  • The U.S. Navy battleship USS Iowa was decommissioned and not used for more than 24 years, until its restoration and reactivation in 1984. After its gun turret exploded in 1989 in an accident killing 47 sailors, the ship was decommissioned permanently in 1990.

February 25, 1958 (Tuesday)

February 26, 1958 (Wednesday)

  • U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower revealed at a press conference that he and his vice president, Richard M. Nixon, had a "clear understanding" of "exactly what he should do in the event of a presidential disability" that would include Nixon becoming "Acting President" if Eisenhower were too ill to declare his own disability.[115] The statement came in response to a question by reporter Felix Blair of The New York Times. Under questioning from the press about whether the plan had been put in writing, the White House released the details of the plan on March 3, specifying that if President Eisenhower told Vice President Nixon of his inability to act, Nixon would "become Acting President and to assume the powers of duties of the office until the inability had ended" and that if Eisenhower were unable to communicate, Nixon would make the determination after consultation "as seems to him appropriate under the circumstances." Eisenhower himself "would determine when the inability had ended" in order to resume office. The problem would eventually be resolved by ratification of the 25th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution in 1967.[116]
  • The town of Woodway, Washington, was incorporated as a wealthy suburb of Edmonds, Washington.
  • Born :
  • Died: Frederick M. Dearborn Jr., 45, special assistant to U.S. President Eisenhower on coordination of national security operations, was found dead in his home in Washington. President Eisenhower ordered the flag to be flown at half staff at all federal buildings in Washington and in Dearborn's home state of Massachusetts.[117]

February 27, 1958 (Thursday)

  • Thirty-five people out of 42 were killed in the crash of a Silver City Airways chartered Bristol Freighter airplane in England as it was attempting to land in Manchester after takeoff from the Isle of Man. The passengers were automobile dealers on a one-day trip to inspect the Exide Battery Works in Manchester [118][119]
  • France instituted mandatory liability insurance for motor vehicles with the enactment of Law No. 58-208.[120]
  • In Italy, the reintroduction of a state examination as a prerequisite for graduation from a university was responded to with violent protests from students, including the disruption of a lecture by former Prime Minister Antonio Segni at the University of Rome.[10]
  • In Milan, seven robbers stole 100 million lira in cash and 600 million in negotiable instruments from a Banca Popolare di Milano armored car, moving quickly and without firing a shot. The crime received extensive coverage in the Italian press. Most of the gang was arrested on April 1.[121]
  • Voting began in elections for the 173-seat Sudanese House of Representatives and 30 of the 50 seats in the African nation's Senate, and lasted until March 8.
  • Born :
  • Died : Harry Cohn, 64, American film executive and president of Columbia Pictures

February 28, 1958 (Friday)

References

  1. ^ attribution:Kentucky National Guard Public Affairs Office
  2. ^ "Egypt and Syria Declare Merger; Bid Others Join", by Foster Hailey, The New York Times, February 2, 1958, p. 1
  3. ^ "Egypt, Syria Union Aim at Arab Unity". The San Francisco Examiner. Associated Press. February 2, 1958.
  4. ^ "Norwalk Air Crash Death Toll Set at 48", Los Angeles Times, February 3, 1958, p. 1
  5. ^ "47 Dead in Crash of 2 Planes in Air Near Los Angeles— Big Transport Bound for Jersey in Collision With Navy Bomber", The New York Times, February 2, 1958, p. 1
  6. ^ Aviation Safety Network
  7. ^ "L.A. Then and Now— Air collision rained debris on Norwalk", by Cecilia Rasmussen, Los Angeles Times, January 27, 2008, p. B2
  8. ^ "Canada Is Called to Vote March 21; Diefenbaker Suddenly Ends Parliament — Seeks Strong New Mandate at Polls", by Raymond Daniell, The New York Times, February 2, 1958, p. 1
  9. ^ "First Free Elections Set For New Nation of Nepal", United Press report in Wichita (KS) Beacon, February 3, 1958, p. 1
  10. ^ a b c d e f Dell'Arti, Giorgio. "I fatti e le notizie dell'anno 1958" [The facts and news of the year 1958]. Cinquantamila.it (in Italian). Retrieved 7 November 2021.
  11. ^ "Clinton Davisson, Won Nobel Prize", The New York Times, February 3, 1958, p. 23
  12. ^ "Costa Rican Vote Loud But Orderly", The New York Times, February 3, 1958, p. 6
  13. ^ "Air Force Issues Spatial Lexicon— Glossary Covers the Moon, the 'Vanishing Man' and Postsputnik Addenda", The New York Times, March 16, 1958, p. 11
  14. ^ "aerospace (adj.)", Etymonline.com Online Etymology Dictionary
  15. ^ "Bertrand Snell, Legislator, Dead", The New York Times, February 3, 1958, p. 1
  16. ^ "Bulganin propone nove argomenti, per una conferenza tra capi di governo". La Stampa. February 4, 1958. Retrieved April 4, 2019.
  17. ^ "MP injured in crash", Evening Standard (London), February 1, 1958, p. 7
  18. ^ "M.P.'s Death After Crash", The Guardian (Manchester), February 4, 1958, p. 1
  19. ^ "'Accident Prone' Legislator Dies", United Press report in Modesto (CA) Bee, February 4, 1958, p. 5
  20. ^ "United Fruit Yields in Suit", The New York Times, February 5, 1958, p. 1
  21. ^ Reports of Antarctic Geological Observations 1956-1960. IGY World Data Center A: Glaciology, American Geographical Society. 1975. p. 146.
  22. ^ "2 Jets Collide in Sky Over Sylvania; Bomber Limps In; Fighter Pilot Jumps", Atlanta Constitution, February 5, 1958, p. 9
  23. ^ "B-47 in Crash Drops Atom Device in Sea", The New York Times, February 13, 1958, p. 13
  24. ^ "Yemen Said to Set Federation Price; Cairo Reported Wary of Bid for Egyptian Military Help Within New Arab Union", by Foster Hailey, The New York Times, February 9, 1958, p. 1
  25. ^ "Vanguard Fired but Fails Again; Destroyed in Air", The New York Times, February 5, 1958, p. 1
  26. ^ "Il Vanguard fatto esplodere dopo sessanta secondi di volo". La Stampa. February 6, 1958. Retrieved April 4, 2019.
  27. ^ "L'énigmatique attentat des toilettes du Palais Bourbon en 1958". enenvor.fr. Retrieved 2019-04-04.
  28. ^ "Chinese Reds Jail Bishop", St. Louis Post-Dispatch, February 9, 1995, p17A
  29. ^ "China releases RC bishop after 22 years in prison", Calgary (AB) Herald, June 12, 1980, p. 4
  30. ^ Wolfgang Saxon, "Dominic Tang Yiming, 87, Dies; Archbishop in Exile From China", The New York Times, June 29, 1995
  31. ^ "7 of Top British Soccer Club Die In Munich Air Crash Killing 21", The New York Times, February 7, 1958, p. 1
  32. ^ Aviation Safety Network
  33. ^ William N. Callmers, Space Policy and Exploration (Nova Science Publishers, 2008) p.31
  34. ^ Enzo Forcella (February 8, 1958). "Il PCI negli ultimi due anni ha perduto duecentomila iscritti". La Stampa. Retrieved April 4, 2019.
  35. ^ "Canada Will End Monopoly in Air", The New York Times, February 8, 1958, p. 1
  36. ^ "25 French Planes Kill 72 in Attack on Tunisian Town; Tunis Recalls Ambassador to Paris — Tells France to Withdraw Troops", by Robert C. Doty, The New York Times, February 9, 1958, p. 1
  37. ^ "Market Day Crowds Flee Attack on Tunisian Village", by Thomas F. Brady, The New York Times, February 9, 1958, p. 1
  38. ^ "East German Reds Oust 3 From Top Committees", by M. S. Handler, The New York Times, February 9, 1958, p. 1
  39. ^ "Ulbricht Halted Move to Oust Him; Speeches Published in East Germany Accuse Former Party Aide of Attempt, The New York Times, February 27, 1958, p. 1
  40. ^ "Paraguay's Voters Endorse President", The New York Times, February 10, 1958, p. 4
  41. ^ "Airman Begins Test in Space Cabin", The New York Times, February 10, 1958, p. 1
  42. ^ "Airman Successfully Ends 7-Day Test 'Flight' to Moon", The New York Times, February 17, 1958, p. 1
  43. ^ "Indonesians Get Rebel Ultimatum— Sumatran Dissidents Give Jakarta Regime 5 Days to Oust Pro-Reds", The New York Times, February 11, 1958, p. 9
  44. ^ Lukman Hakiem, Biografi Mohammad Natsir [The Biography of Mohammad Natsir] (in Indonesian) (Pustaka Al-Kautsar, 2019) p. 456
  45. ^ "New Navy Rocket-Shot Torpedo Parachutes to Sea to Hunt Foe", by Gladwin Hill, The New York Times, February 11, 1958, p. 1
  46. ^ "Telephone and Wire Services Broken by Magnetic Storm", Calgary Albertan, February 11, 1958, p.1
  47. ^ "Calls Aurora 'Greatest Ever'", Des Moines (IA) Register, February 12, 1958, p.1
  48. ^ "Chou Quits Post as Foreign Chief; Retains Peiping Premiership— Chen Yi Is Successor", The New York Times, February 12, 1958, p.1
  49. ^ "The First Airline Attendant", in Robertson's Book of Firsts: Who Did What for the First Time, by Patrick Robertson (Bloomsbury, 2011)
  50. ^ "Dr. Jones Is Dead; Psychoanalyst, 70— Credited With Introducing His Master's Theories to English-Speaking World", The New York Times, February 12, 1958, p.1
  51. ^ "W. F. Mangels, 92, Invented 'Rides'", The New York Times, February 13, 1958, p. 29
  52. ^ "Ydigoras Named Guatemala Chief", The New York Times, February 13, 1958, p. 14
  53. ^ Roger R. Reese, The Soviet Military Experience: A History of the Soviet Army, 1917–1991 (Routledge, 2000) p. 144
  54. ^ "Marcel Cachin, 88, Red Leader, Dies", The New York Times, February 13, 1958, p. 29
  55. ^ "Joe Frisco Dead; Comedian Was 88", The New York Times, February 18, 1958, p. 27
  56. ^ "Women Win Place in House of Lords— Commons Adopts Life Peers' Bill to End Traditional Ban on Distaff Membership", The New York Times, February 14, 1958, p. 1
  57. ^ "British Give Plan on Use of H-Bomb; by Drew Middleton, The New York Times, February 14, 1958, p. 1
  58. ^ "'King of Naples' Defies Inquiry; Lauro Denies Squandering Taxpayers' Money, Says He Even Used His Own", by Paul Hoffman, The New York Times, February 18, 1958, p. 12
  59. ^ "Iraq-Jordan Union Signed; Both Kings Keep Thrones— Accord Will Counter Merger of Egypt and Syria — It Provides Unification in Defense and Administration", by Sam Pope Brewer, The New York Times, February 14, 1958, p. 1
  60. ^ "Iraqi Parliament Ratifies Merger", The New York Times, February 18, 1958, p. 2
  61. ^ "Hussein (Husain ibn Talal)", in An Encyclopedic Dictionary of Conflict and Conflict Resolution, 1945-1996, by John E. Jessup (Greenwood Press, 1998) p. 294
  62. ^ "Texts of Poles' Note and Memorandum", The New York Times, February 18, 1958, p. 6
  63. ^ "The Rapacki Plan (Warsaw, 14 February 1958)", Centre virtuel de la connaissance sur l'Europe (CVCE) December 22, 2005
  64. ^ "Stalin Biography Finally Appears— New Encyclopedia Version Says He Was Not All Bad but Not Perfect, Either", by William J. Jorden, The New York Times, February 15, 1958, p. 1
  65. ^ "Blast Kill 8", United Press report in Traverse City (MI) Record-Eagle, February 14, 1958, p. 1
  66. ^ "Indonesia Rebels Proclaim Regime, Defying Jakarta— Revolutionary Council Sets Up a Rival Cabinet With Claim to Full Rule", by Tillman Durdin, The New York Times, February 16, 1958, p. 1
  67. ^ Audrey R. Kahin and George McT. Kahin, Subversion as Foreign Policy: The Secret Eisenhower and Dulles Debacle in Indonesia (University of Washington Press, 1995) p. 143.
  68. ^ Aviation Safety Network
  69. ^ Minutes of the Adelaide Conference, from the National Museum of Australia
  70. ^ "Korean Airliner Flies to Red Zone; U. N. Asks Return", The New York Times, February 17, 1958, p. 1
  71. ^ "N. Koreans Free 26 Air Travelers; Pressure From Moscow Reported— Two Americans Reach Allied Base", Dayton (O.) Daily News, March 6, 1958, p. 1
  72. ^ "John Moody Dead; Financial Expert", The New York Times, February 17, 1958, p. 23
  73. ^ "Pope Pius Proclaims St. Clare As Patron Saint of Television; Co-Founder of 'Poor Ladies,' Chosen as Benefactress of Stations Everywhere", by Arnaldo Cortesi, The New York Times, February 18, 1958, p. 29
  74. ^ "'B. C.' Is Here— Caveman Hero Striding Into Enquirer Tomorrow", Cincinnati Enquirer, February 16, 1958, p. 20
  75. ^ "First BC Comic by Johnny Hart", clipped by "blake", Newspapers.com
  76. ^ Meenakshi, Arun Kumar & N. (2011). Marketing Management, 2nd Edition. Vikas Publishing House. p. 909. ISBN 978-81-259-4259-7.
  77. ^ "Moroccan Unity Hailed— King Proclaims End of Old Spanish Zone Money", The New York Times, February 18, 1958, p. 1
  78. ^ Lilian Lauferty, Ex-Columnist, 68; Writer of 'Beatrice Fairfax' in Journal 1920-27 Dies — Author of 5 Novels", The New York Times, February 20, 1958, p. 50
  79. ^ "Sudanese Charge Threat by Egypt; Say Cairo Has Sent Troops to Their Territory — Aide of Nasser Denies Move", The New York Times, February 18, 1958, p. 1
  80. ^ "Church in Poland Gets Concessions,Priests Allowed to Study in Rome — Treasure Taken in War to Be Returned", The New York Times, February 19, 1958, p. 1
  81. ^ "Burns and Allen Will Lose Gracie— Comedienne to Retire After 8 Years on TV", by Oscar Godbout, The New York Times, February 19, 1958, p. 54
  82. ^ "Major Accidents in Indian Coal Mines" (1952–2005), Envis Centre on Environmental Problems of Mining
  83. ^ "Coal Mine Blast Traps 179 in India", United Press report in Wichita (KS) Eagle, February 20, 1958, p. 1
  84. ^ "India Mine Sealed With 182 Bodies; 23 Others Are Drowned", Boston Globe, February 21, 1958, p. 9
  85. ^ "As Acting Prime Minister, Ellen Fairclough First Again", The Globe and Mail (Toronto), February 21, 1958, p.1
  86. ^ "Canada Gets First Woman Acting PM", Montreal Star, February 20, 1958, p. 1
  87. ^ "24 Lost as Lifeboat Capsizes Beside Rescue Ship in Atlantic", The New York Times, February 19, 1958, p. 1
  88. ^ "5 Saved, 21 Dead as Steamer Sinks; One of 27 Italian Crewmen Missing — Lone Cutter Continues Search", The New York Times, February 20, 1958, p. 50
  89. ^ "Hayden, 46 Years in Congress, Gets Bipartisan Tribute", The New York Times, February 20, 1958, p. 1
  90. ^ "Prostitution Illegal Now For Italians", AP report in Scranton (PA) Times-Tribune, September 19, 1958, p. 21
  91. ^ "Leopold Receives Parole In 1924 'Thrill' Slaying", The New York Times, February 21, 1958, p. 1
  92. ^ "Leopold Goes Free; Pleads for Privacy", by Austin C. Wehrwein, The New York Times, March 14, 1958, p. 1
  93. ^ "An Atlas Explodes; In Air Two Minutes", The New York Times, February 21, 1958, p. 1
  94. ^ "Atlantic Hunt on for Big U.S. Plane; Navy Radar Craft With 23 Last Heard 1,000 Miles Off Newfoundland", The New York Times, February 21, 1958, p. 5
  95. ^ "Rebel Chief Offers Batista Plan to End Cuban Revolt— Castro, in Interview, Demands Army's Departure From Oriente Province, Then Election Supervised by O.A.S.", by Homer Bigart, The New York Times, February 26, 1958, p. 1
  96. ^ "Al Lichtman Dies; Movie Pioneer, 69— Founder of Distribution Firm, Forerunner of M-G-M, Early Proposed Feature Films, The New York Times, February 21, 1958, p. 24
  97. ^ Anthony Slide and Edward Wagenknecht, Fifty Great American Silent Films, 1912-1920: A Pictorial Survey (Dover Publications, 1980) p. 4
  98. ^ "Thurston Hall, 75, Dies; Stage and Film Actor Was Boss in 'Topper' TV Series", The New York Times, February 21, 1958, p. 17
  99. ^ "He gave his unforgettable work for nothing. Shouldn't the designer of the peace symbol be commemorated?", by Ian Jack, The Guardian (London), November 28, 2015
  100. ^ a b "Egypt—Syria Link Wins Huge Margin; All but 286 in Two Countries Approve Tie — Only 451 Oppose Nasser Rule", The New York Times, February 23, 1958, p. 1
  101. ^ "Nasser to Head Egypt-Syria Union". The Nottingham Evening Post. February 22, 1958.
  102. ^ Dieter Nohlen, et al., Elections in Asia: A data handbook (Oxford University Press, 2001) pp221-224
  103. ^ Gordon Brook-Shepherd, Uncrowned Emperor: The Life and Times of Otto von Habsburg (A&C Black, 2007) p. 181
  104. ^ "Fred Pabst Dead; Retired Brewer", The New York Times, February 21, 1958, p.17
  105. ^ "R.A.F. to Get U.S. Thors For Use at British Bases; Washington to Provide Missiles Capable of Reaching Soviet From English sites — Launching Needs Joint Decision", by Drew Middleton, The New York Times, February 24, 1958, p. 1
  106. ^ "Election in Argentina Is Free For First Time in Thirty Years", The New York Times, February 24, 1958, p. 2
  107. ^ "Frondizi Is Victor in Argentine Poll; Backed by Peron— Leftist Lawyer Is Elected President Over Balbin, Leader of Moderates", The New York Times, February 24, 1958, p. 1
  108. ^ "Cuban Rebels Seize Fangio, Auto Racer", The New York Times, February 24, 1958, p. 1
  109. ^ "Six at Party Dead of Wood Alcohol; Police Hunt Poison Source as 4 Men and 2 Women From East Harlem Die", The New York Times, February 27, 1958, p. 28
  110. ^ "Six More Die Here of Wood Alcohol— Toll Reaches 13 as Police Press Search for Source in Harlem Poisonings", The New York Times, February 28, 1958, p. 28
  111. ^ "Poison Drink Toll Continues to Rise— Wood Alcohol Deaths at 16, With 3 More Suspected — Basement Raided", The New York Times, March 1, 1958, p. 38
  112. ^ "Toll Reaches 23 in Alcohol Case; 4 New Victims Found Here — Police Hunt Source but Hope Sales Have Stopped", The New York Times, March 4, 1958, p. 60
  113. ^ "Crash Kills 4 in Cuba Auto Race; Rebel Kidnappers Free Fangio",, February 26, 1958, p. 1
  114. ^ "Kidnappers Kind, Fangio Asserts", by R. Hart Phillips, The New York Times, February 26, 1958, p. 1
  115. ^ "Eisenhower Reveals a Pact With Nixon Over Disability; Says Vice President Knows What to Do in Event of Presidential Incapacity — Urges Clarifying Amendment", by Anthony Lewis, The New York Times, February 27, 1958, p.1
  116. ^ "Eisenhower Disability Pact Calls for 'Acting President'; Terms of the Agreement Made Public — Nixon Would Take Over Duties Until President Had Recovered", by Edwin L. Dale Jr., The New York Times, March 4, 1958, p. 1.
  117. ^ "F.M. Dearborn Jr., U.S. Aide, 45 Dead; Special Assistant to White House on Security Issues Had Been Boston Lawyer", The New York Times, February 27, 1958, p. 27
  118. ^ "DAY-TRIP PLANE HITS TV MOUNTAIN: 33 DIE", Manchester Evening News, February 27, 1958, p. 1
  119. ^ "British Plane Hits Mountain, 35 Are Killed", St. Louis Post-Dispatch, February 27, 1958, p. 1
  120. ^ James Gordley and Arthur Taylor von Mehren, An Introduction to the Comparative Study of Private Law (Cambridge University Press, 2006) p. 396
  121. ^ "La rapina di via Osoppo, 60 anni fa". Il Post (in Italian). 2018-02-27. Retrieved 2019-04-04.
  122. ^ "28 in School Bus Die In a Kentucky River", The New York Times, March 1, 1958, p. 1
  123. ^ "20 Children Feared Drowned As School Bus Drops Into River— Several Escape As Vehicle Topples Into Levisa Fork", Lexington (KY) Leader, February 28, 1958, p. 1
  124. ^ "Death Toll Set At 28 In School Bus Tragedy", Lexington (KY) Herald, March 1, 1958, p. 1
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