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List of countries by English-speaking population

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Population density of people whose native language is English.
Percentage of English speakers by country.
  80-100%
  60-80%
  40-60%
  20-40%
   0-20%

This is the year 2000 list of countries of the world sorted by the total English-speaking population in that country. This includes both native speakers and second-language speakers of English.

Statistics on second language speakers are usually imprecise, in part because there is no widely agreed definition of second language speakers - there is no differentiation between countries where English is the lingua franca and those where it is not.

Moreover, some numbers have been calculated by Wikipedia editors from data in other sources, so these figures are imprecise and should be treated with great caution.

The degree of caution needed can be put into perspective by noting that the English-language newspaper with the highest daily circulation is the Times of India (3.24 million) even though India only has a quarter of a million people who use English as a mother tongue.


Contents

[edit] List in order of total speakers

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 The neutrality of this article is disputed. Please see the discussion on the talk page. Please do not remove this message until the dispute is resolved. (December 2011)
Rank Country  % English speakers Eligible population Total English speakers As first language As an additional language Comment
1  United States 95.19% 280,950,438 267,444,149 225,505,953 41,938,196 Figures are from the year 2007 American Community Survey by the U.S. Census Bureau. English speaker figures are for persons age 5 and older. Total population age 5 and older was 280,950,438 of which 267,444,149 stated that they spoke English "very well" or "well". Second language speakers are respondents age 5 and older who reported they do not speak English at home but know it "very well" or "well".[1]
2  India 11.38% 1,100,000,000 125,226,449 226,449 (2001 estimate)[2] 125,000,000
 2001 figures for native language.[3][4][5] The figures include English speakers, but not English users.[6][7]
3  Philippines 92.58%[8] 97,000,000 89,800,000 3,427,000[8] >46,373,000 Total speakers: Census 2000, text above Figure 7. 63.71% of the 66.7 million people aged 5 years or more could speak English. Native speakers: Census 1995, as quoted by Andrew Gonzalez in The Language Planning Situation in the Philippines, Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 19 (5&6), 487–525. (1998). Ethnologue lists 3.4 million native speakers with 75% of the population speaking it as an additional language.[8]
4  Nigeria 53.34% 148,093,000 79,000,000 4,000,000 >75,000,000 Figures are for speakers of Nigerian Pidgin, an English-based pidgin or creole. Ihemere gives a range of roughly 3 to 5 million native speakers; the midpoint of the range is used in the table. Ihemere, Kelechukwu Uchechukwu. 2006. "A Basic Description and Analytic Treatment of Noun Clauses in Nigerian Pidgin." Nordic Journal of African Studies 15(3): 296–313.
5  United Kingdom 97.74% 60,975,000 59,600,000 58,100,000 1,500,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109.
6  Germany 56% 82,191,000 46,272,504 272,504 46,000,000 Native speakers: Statistisches Bundesamt (cited here).
Non-native speakers: Eurobarometer report 2006
Does not include foreign military personnel based in Germany.
7  Canada 85.18% 33,355,400 25,246,220 17,694,830 7,551,390 Source: 2001 Census - Knowledge of Official Languages and Mother Tongue. The 2001 count noted that of 29,639,030 speakers, 20,014,645 spoke English only, and 5,231,575 spoke English and French, while 3,946,525 spoke French only and 446,920 who were classified as speaking "neither English nor French". No data was listed for persons who spoke English and a language other than French. The native speakers figure comprises 122,660 people with both French and English as a native language, plus 17,572,170 people with English and not French as a native language.
8  France 36% 64,473,140 23,000,000 23,000,000 Source: Eurobarometer report 2006
9  Pakistan 10.97% 164,157,000 18,000,000 18,000,000 Source:[9]
10  Australia 97.03% 21,394,309 17,357,833 15,013,965 2,343,868 Source: 2001 Census. [3] The 2001 census data is subject to multiple interpretations. The data noted that 18,972,350 persons out of 21,394,309 total were speakers of a language, and excluded young children. However, more than a million of those 18,972,350 persons provided no information; 879,778 did not give information on proficiency, and 203,101 were "overseas visitors" who were not asked. Of the 17,889,671 persons for whom an inquiry was made 17,357,833 spoke English only, or "well" or "very well" as a second language; while 531,838 spoke "not well" or "not at all".
11  Italy 29% 59,619,290 17,000,000 17,000,000 Source: Eurobarometer report 2006
12  The Netherlands 87% 16,445,000 14,000,000 14,000,000 Source: Eurobarometer report 2006
13  South Africa 28.57% 47,850,700 13,673,203 3,673,203 10,000,000 Native speakers: 2001 Census: Census in Brief, page 15 (Table 2.5)
Non-native speakers: Crystal (2005), p. 109.
14  Spain 27% 46,063,000 12,500,000 12,500,000 Source: Eurobarometer report 2006
15  Turkey 17% 70,586,256 12,000,000 12,000,000 Source: Eurobarometer report 2006
16  Poland 29% 38,115,967 11,000,000 11,000,000 Source: Eurobarometer report 2006
17  China 0.83% 1,200,000,000 10,000,000 10,000,000 Figures are for English users in mainland China only (i.e. excluding Hong Kong where English is an official language and Macau). The oft-cited figure of 300 million is for "learners."[10]
18  Sweden 89% 9,215,021 8,200,000 8,200,000 Source: Eurobarometer report 2006
19  Cameroon 41.51% 18,549,000 7,700,000 7,700,000 Crystal (2005), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
20  Malaysia 27.16% 27,170,000 7,380,000 380,000 7,000,000 Crystal (2005), p. 109.
21  Russia 4.9% 141,888,900 6,955,315 1,804 6,953,511 Source: Basic Results, Tables 4.4 and 4.1, Russian Census (2002). The "total" figure is the number of residents who reported English as one of the language they knew. The "first language" figure is the number of residents who reported "American" or "English" as their nationality. The "additional languages" figure is the difference. More than 9 million schoolgoers studied English as a foreign language in 2008-2009.
22  Thailand 10% 63,038,247 6,549,329 6,549,329 Secondary language of the elite[11][12]
23  Belgium 59% 10,584,534 6,250,000 6,250,000 Source: Eurobarometer report 2006
24  Israel 84.97% 7,303,000 6,205,000 100,000 6,105,000 Source: Ethnologue (2005)[13]
English is widely spoken by all ethnic groups .[14][15]
25  Romania 29% 21,438,000 6,200,000 6,200,000 Source: Eurobarometer report 2006
26  Zimbabwe 41.58% 13,349,000 5,550,000 250,000 5,300,000 Crystal (2005), p. 109.
27  Greece 48% 11,147,000 5,350,000 5,350,000 Source: Eurobarometer report 2006
28  Sierra Leone 83.53% 5,866,000 4,900,000 500,000 4,400,000 Crystal (2005), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
29  Mexico 4.55% 106,682,500 4,855,000 4,855,000 Consulta Mitovsky-Tracking Poll Roy Campos: Las Lenguas Extranjeras en México, April 2007 [4]; and II Conteo de Población y Vivienda, Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática (INEGI) [5].
30  Austria 58% 8,340,924 4,800,000 4,800,000 Source: Eurobarometer report 2006
31  Denmark 86% 5,489,022 4,720,000 4,720,000 Source: Eurobarometer report 2006
32  Switzerland 61.28% 7,637,300 4,680,000 73,400 4,606,600 Figure for speakers of English as "main language", according to Federal Statistical Office, Neuchâtel 2008[16] Source for number of non-native English speakers is 1999 publication by Prof. François Grin cited here: http://switzerland.isyours.com/e/countries/uk/language.html
33  Norway 4,920,500
34  Ireland 98.37% 4,422,100 4,350,000 4,122,100 237,900 Source: Eurobarometer report 2006; Central Statistics Office [6]; Travbla [7]
35  Singapore 80% 5,076,700 4,061,360 665,087 3,396,273 Source: 2010 Census. Second language speaker figure only includes those literate in English aged 15 or more and does not include third language proficiency. Singapore Census of Population, 2010, Advance Data Release No.1, "Demographic Characteristics, Education, Language and Religion"
36  Tanzania 9.89% 40,454,000 4,000,000 4,000,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109.
37  New Zealand 97.82% 4,275,100 3,673,623 3,673,623 There were 4,027,947 responses to 2006 Census: Language spoken. 3,673,679 gave English as a response, 81,936 had no English but another language. The balance of 272,382 were; no language (too young) 75,195, no response 196,221, response unidentifiable 588, response outside scope 378. Hence it is most meaningful to express the English speaking per cent without including the figures for these 272,382. This gives 97.8% English-speaking, 2.2% non-English-speaking (3,673,679 and 81,936 divided by 3,755,565)
Crystal (2005), p. 109, gives figures of 3,700,000 native speakers and 150,000 second language speakers.
38  Bangladesh 2.21% 158,665,000 3,500,000 3,500,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109.
39  Finland 63% 5,331,483 3,400,000 3,400,000 Source: Eurobarometer report 2006
40  Portugal 32% 10,623,000 3,400,000 3,400,000 Source: Eurobarometer report 2006
41  Lebanon 80.51% 4,099,000 3,300,000 3,300,000
42  Papua New Guinea 49.76% 6,331,000 3,150,000 150,000 3,000,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
43  Liberia 82.67% 3,750,000 3,100,000 600,000 2,500,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
44  Kenya 7.19% 37,538,000 2,700,000 2,700,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109.
45  Jamaica 97.64% 2,714,000 2,650,000 2,600,000 50,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
46  Uganda 8.09% 30,884,000 2,500,000 2,500,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109.
47  Hong Kong 35.9% 6,963,100 2,500,000 200,000 2,300,000 According to 1996 by-census, Hong Kong has approximately 2.5 million speakers, of whom 200,000 regard English as their "usual" language.[17]
48  Czech Republic 24% 10,403,136 2,500,000 2,500,000 Source: Eurobarometer report 2006
49  Hungary 23% 10,043,000 2,300,000 2,300,000 Source: Eurobarometer report 2006
50  Croatia 49% 4,555,000 2,200,000 2,200,000 Source: Eurobarometer report 2006
51  Puerto Rico 48.61% 3,991,000 1,940,000 100,000 1,840,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109.
52  Sri Lanka 9.9% 19,299,000 1,910,000 10,000 1,900,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109.
52  Zambia 16.02% 11,922,000 1,910,000 110,000 1,800,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109.
53  Kazakhstan 15.4% 12,156,705 1,874,583 602 1,873,981 Number of those who understand spoken English, from these 1.9 million: 311,435 (2.6%/16.6%) can only read, 931,444 (7.7%/49.6%) can read and write in English. The number of native speakers is the sum of Americans and Englishmen "by nationality". (Census 2009)
53  Bosnia and Herzegovina 45% 4,000,000 1,800,000 1,800,000 not verified.
54  Bulgaria 23% 7,640,238 1,800,000 2,605[18] 1,802,605 Source: Eurobarometer report 2006
55  Slovakia 32% 5,402,273 1,700,000 1,700,000 not verified.
56  Ghana 5.96% 23,478,000 1,400,000 1,400,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
57  Slovenia 57% 2,023,358 1,200,000 1,200,000 Source: Eurobarometer report 2006
58  Trinidad and Tobago 87.74% 1,305,000 1,145,000 1,145,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
59  Lithuania 32% 3,369,600 1,100,000 1,100,000 Source: Eurobarometer report 2006
60  Latvia 39% 2,270,700 900,000 900,000 Source: Eurobarometer report 2006
61  Guyana 90.55% 751,000 680,000 650,000 30,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
62  Botswana 38.42% 1,639,833 630,000 630,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109.
63  Estonia 46% 1,340,602 620,000 620,000 Source: Eurobarometer report 2006
64  Cyprus 76% 794,600 600,000 600,000 Source: Eurobarometer report 2006
65  Malawi 3.88% 13,931,831 540,209 209[19] 540,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109.
66  Lesotho 27.86% 1,795,000 500,000 500,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109.
67  Suriname 87.09% 470,784 410,000 260,000 150,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
68  Malta 88% 419,285 370,000 370,000 Source: Eurobarometer report 2006
69  Namibia 17.24% 1,820,916 314,000 14,000 300,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109.
70  Luxembourg 60% 480,222 290,000 290,000 Source: Eurobarometer report 2006
71  Bahamas 87.13% 330,549 288,000 260,000 28,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
72  Barbados 98.57% 279,000 275,000 262,000 13,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
73  Belize 81.65% 301,270 246,000 190,000 56,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
74  Mauritius 15.97% 1,264,866 202,000 2,000 200,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109.
75  Vanuatu 83.55% 215,446 180,000 60,000 120,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
76  Fiji 20.62% 853,445 176,000 6,000 170,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109.
77  Solomon Islands 31.68% 552,438 175,000 10,000 165,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
78  Ethiopia 0.22% 78,254,090 171,712 1,986 169,726
79  Guam 91.09% 173,456 158,000 58,000 100,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109.
80  Brunei 37.76% 381,371 144,000 10,000 134,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109.
81  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 95% 120,000 114,000 114,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
82  U.S. Virgin Islands 95.97% 108,448 113,000 98,000 15,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
83  Grenada 90.91% 110,000 100,000 100,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
84  Netherlands Antilles 50% 192,000 96,000 96,000
85  Samoa 49.86% 188,540 94,000 1,000 93,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109.
86  Isle of Man 99.93% 80,058 80,000 80,000
87  Bhutan 11.4% 658,000 75,000 75,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109.
89  Saint Lucia 43.04% 165,000 71,000 31,000 40,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
90  Northern Mariana Islands 83.33% 84,000 70,000 5,000 65,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
91  Antigua and Barbuda 80% 85,000 68,000 66,000 2,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
92  American Samoa 100% 67,000 67,000 2,000 65,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109.
93  Federated States of Micronesia 57.66% 111,000 64,000 4,000 60,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109.
94  Bermuda 96.92% 65,000 63,000 63,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109.
95  Dominica 94.03% 67,000 63,000 3,000 60,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
96  Marshall Islands 59,000 60,000 60,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109.
97  Swaziland 4.38% 1,141,000 50,000 50,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109.
98  Aruba 42.31% 104,000 44,000 9,000 35,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109.
99  Gambia 2.34% 1,709,000 40,000 40,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
100  Saint Kitts and Nevis 78% 50,000 39,000 39,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
101  Cayman Islands 76.7% 47,000 36,000 36,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
102  Seychelles 37.93% 87,000 33,000 3,000 30,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109.
103  Honduras 0.44% 7,106,000 31,500 31,500
104  Gibraltar 28,875 30,000 28,000 2,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109.
105  Tonga 30% 100,000 30,000 30,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109.
107  Kiribati 24.21% 95,000 23,000 23,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109.
108  Rwanda 0.21% 9,725,000 20,000 20,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109.
109  British Virgin Islands 86.96% 23,000 20,000 20,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
110  Palau 92.5% 20,000 18,500 500 18,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109.
111  Andorra 22% 81,222 17,869 17,869 Source Census: Linguistic knowledge 2004.
112  Anguilla 92.31% 13,000 12,000 12,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109.
113  Nauru 10,000 10,300 800 9,500 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109.
114  Dominican Republic 10.98% 9,760,000 15,000 15,000
115  Saint Helena 81.82% 6,600 5,400 5,400
116  Cook Islands 19.8% 20,200 4,000 1,000 3,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109.
117  Montserrat 67.8% 5,900 4,000 4,000 Source: Crystal (2005), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
118  British Indian Ocean Territory 100% 3,500 3,500 3,500
119  Falkland Islands 95.54% 3,140 3,000 1,991 1,009
120  Niue 2,160 1,600 78 2,082
121  Norfolk Island 79.38% 2,114 1,678 1,678
122  Turks and Caicos Islands 3.54% 26,000 920 920
123  Guadeloupe 0.05% 408,000 200 200
124  Saint Pierre and Miquelon 3.07% 6,125 188 188
125  Pitcairn 92% 50 46 46
126  Tokelau 2.86% 1,400 40 40
  • European Union The European Union is a supranational union composed of 27 member states. The combined total English speaking population is 229,850,000 (out of a total population of 500,000,000 – 46%) including 61,850,000 native speakers and 168,000,000 non-native speakers,[20] and would be ranked 2nd if it were included.
This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

[edit] List in order of native speakers

 This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2009)
Pie chart showing the relative numbers of native English speakers in the major English-speaking countries of the world
Rank Country First language
1  United States 225,505,953[1]
2  United Kingdom 58,200,000[21]
3  Canada 18,232,195[22]
4  Australia 15,581,334[23]
5  Ireland 4,400,000[24]
6  South Africa 3,673,203[25]
7  New Zealand 3,500,000+ (approx.)[26]
8  Philippines 3,427,000[8]
9  Jamaica 2,600,000+ (approx.)[27]
10  Spain 990,000[28]
10  Trinidad and Tobago 945,000[citation needed]
12  Singapore 884,418[29]
13  Guyana 650,000
14  Liberia 600,000
15  Sierra Leone 500,000
16  Malaysia 380,000
17  Germany 272,504
18  Barbados 262,000
19  Bahamas 260,000
20  Zimbabwe 250,000
21  India 227,000
 Hong Kong if ranked separately 200,000
22  Belize 190,000
23  Papua New Guinea 150,000
24  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 114,000
25  Zambia 110,000
26=  Grenada 100,000
26=  Israel 100,000[13]
26=  Puerto Rico 100,000
27  U.S. Virgin Islands 98,000
28  Japan >93,500[30]
29 Switzerland Switzerland 73,000
30  Antigua and Barbuda 66,000
31  Bermuda 63,000
32  Vanuatu 60,000
33  Guam 58,000
34  Saint Kitts and Nevis 39,000
35  Cayman Islands 36,000
36  Honduras 31,500
37  Saint Lucia 31,000
38  Gibraltar 28,000
39  British Virgin Islands 20,000
40  Namibia 14,000
41  Anguilla 12,000
42=  Solomon Islands 10,000
42=  Sri Lanka 10,000
42=  Brunei 10,000
43  Aruba 9,000
44  Dominican Republic 15,000
45  Fiji 6,000
46  Saint Helena 5,400
47  Northern Mariana Islands 5,000
48=  Federated States of Micronesia 4,000
48=  Montserrat 4,000
49  British Indian Ocean Territory 3,500
50=  Dominica 3,000
50=  Seychelles 3,000
51=  American Samoa 2,000
52=  Mauritius 2,000
53  Falkland Islands 1,991
54  Ethiopia 1,986
55  Russia 1,804
56  Norfolk Island 1,678
57=  Cook Islands 1,000
57=  Samoa 1,000
58  Turks and Caicos Islands 920
59  Nauru 800
60  Palau 500
61  Guadeloupe 200
62  Saint Pierre and Miquelon 188
63  Niue 78
64  Pitcairn 46
65  Tokelau 40
66  East Timor 30
This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

[edit] See also

Non-English:

[edit] Notes

  1. ^ a b "Language Use in the United States: 2007". U.S. Census Bureau. http://www.census.gov/hhes/socdemo/language/data/acs/ACS-12.pdf. Retrieved 9 October 2011. 
  2. ^ 2001 Census of India
  3. ^ Census of India's Indian Census, Issue 10, 2003, pp 8–10, (Feature: Languages of West Bengal in Census and Surveys, Bilingualism and Trilingualism).
  4. ^ FAMILY-WISE GROUPING OF THE 122 SCHEDULED AND NON-SCHEDULED LANGUAGES – 2001
  5. ^ Tropf, Herbert S. 2004. India and its Languages. Siemens AG, Munich
  6. ^ For the distinction between "English Speakers," and "English Users," please see: TESOL-India (Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages)], India: World's Second Largest English-Speaking Country. Their article explains the difference between the 350 million number mentioned in a previous version of this Wikipedia article and the current 125 million number:
    “ "Wikipedia's India estimate of 350 million includes two categories – "English Speakers" and "English Users". The distinction between the Speakers and Users is that Users only know how to read English words while Speakers know how to read English, understand spoken English as well as form their own sentences to converse in English. The distinction becomes clear when you consider the China numbers. China has over 200~350 million users that can read English words but, as anyone can see on the streets of China, only handful of million who are English speakers." ”
  7. ^ An analysis of the 2001 Census of India, published in 2010, concluded that approximately 86 million Indians reported English as their second language, and another 39 million reported it as their third language. No data was available whether these individuals were English speakers or users.
  8. ^ a b c d http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=PH.
  9. ^ http://www.scribd.com/doc/25054277/Variety-in-Pronunciation-in-Pakistan-The-Primal-Cause-of-Confusion-in-Comprehension-for-the-Listeners
  10. ^ Jian Yang (April 2006). "Learners and users of English in China". English Today 22 (2): 3–10. doi:10.1017/S0266078406002021. . Quote: "What this suggests, it seems, is that Yan’s (2004) ten million may after all be a more informed estimate of the actual regular users of English in China." (page 9)"
  11. ^ CIA – The world factbook: Thailand
  12. ^ Refugees get crash course in U.S. culture
  13. ^ a b Languages of Israel, Ethnologue.com
  14. ^ Multilingualism in Israel, Bar-Ilan University – Faculty of Humanities : Language Policy Research Center.
  15. ^ http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/custom/portlets/recordDetails/detailmini.jsp?_nfpb=true&_&ERICExtSearch_SearchValue_0=ED136607&ERICExtSearch_SearchType_0=no&accno=ED136607 English Language Teaching Profile: Israel], Education Resources Information Center.
  16. ^ Resident population according to main language, Federal Statistical Office, Neuchâtel 2008
  17. ^ 1996 by-census LONDON'S GLOBAL UNIVERSITY
  18. ^ "2011 census of Bulgaria" (in Bulgarian). National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. p. 22. http://www.nsi.bg/EPDOCS/Census2011final.pdf. Retrieved 21 July 2011. 
  19. ^ Edrinnie Kayambizinthu (1998). "The Language Planning Situation in Malawi". Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 19 (5&6): 369. doi:10.1080/01434639808666363. http://www.multilingual-matters.net/jmmd/019/0369/jmmd0190369.pdf. 
  20. ^ Crystal (2005), p. 109, UK and Ireland total. Non-native speakers: 2006 Eurobarometer survey. Covered EU citizens aged 15 years or more.
  21. ^ The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language, Second Edition, Crystal, David; Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, [1995] (2003-08-03).
  22. ^ Population by mother tongue and age groups, 2006 counts, for Canada, provinces and territories – 20% sample data, Census 2006, Statistics Canada.
  23. ^ [1] Main Language Spoken at Home. The figure is the number of people who only speak English at home.
  24. ^ http://www.cso.ie/releasespublications/documents/population/current/popmig.pdf
  25. ^ Census in Brief, page 15 (Table 2.5), 2001 Census, Statistics South Africa.
  26. ^ Languages spoken, 2006 Census, Statistics New Zealand. No figure is given for the number of native speakers, but it would be somewhere between the number of people who spoke English only (3,008,058) and the total number of English speakers (3,673,623), if one ignores the 197,187 people who did not provide a usable answer.
  27. ^ [2]
  28. ^ Britons in Spain
  29. ^ "Table 20 Resident Population Aged 5 Years and Over by Age Group, Language Most Frequently Spoken at Home and Sex" (pdf). General Household Survey 2005 Statistical Release 1: Socio-Demographic and Economic Characteristics (Government of Singapore). http://www.singstat.gov.sg/pubn/popn/ghsr1/t20-24.pdf. Retrieved 2009-11-11 
  30. ^ Maciamo (31 July 2005). "Foreigners in Japan". jref.com. http://www.jref.com/society/foreigners_in_japan.shtml. Retrieved 2008-09-21  (figures are for 2003)

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